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LAQ (2 ) 1) Find the equation of the equation of the circle passing through the points 1. (1, 1), (2, -1), (3, 2) 2. (5, 7), (8, 1), (1, 3) 3. (1, 2), (3, -4), (5, -6) Sol: let the equation of the required circle be x2+y2+2gx+2fy+c=0. (*) (1, 1) lies on S=0 (1)2+ (1)2+2g (1) +2f (1) +c=0 2g + 2f +c =-2.(1) (2, -1) lies on S=0 (2)2+ (-1)2+2g (2) +2f (-1) +c=0 4g - 2f +c =-5..(2) (3, 2) lies on S=0 (3)2+ (2)2+2g (3) +2f (2) +c=0 6g + 4f +c =-13.(3) Solving eqn (1) & (2) 2g + 2f +c =-2 4g - 2f +c =-5 -2g+4f =3(4) Solving eqn -2g+4f =3 -2g-6f=8 10f=-5 f=Sub the value of g and f in eqn 2 ( ) + 2(- ) +c =-2 -5-1+c=-2 c=4 the required eqn of the circle is x2+y2-5x-y+4=0. {Ans: of 2 and 3 3(x2+y2)-29x-19y+56=0, x2+y2-22x-4y+25=0,} 2) Show that the four points (1, 1), (-6, 0), (-2, 2), and (-2, -8) are concyclic and find the equation of the circle on which they lie. {H/W (ii)(9,1), (7, 9), (-2, 12), &(6, 10)} Sol: let the equation of the required circle be x2+y2+2gx+2fy+c=0. (*) A (1, 1) lies on S=0 (1)2+ (1)2+2g (1) +2f (1) +c=0 2g + 2f +c =-2..(1) B (-6, 0) lies on S=0 (1) (4) & (5) (2) & (3) 4g - 2f +c =-5 6g + 4f +c =-13 -2g-6f=8.(5) sub f value in eqn (4) -2g+4( g= 3) If (2, 0), (0, 1), (4, 5) and (0, c) are concyclic, and then find the value of c.{H/w (1, 2), (3, -4), (5, -6), (c, 8)} Sol: let the equation of the required circle be x2+y2+2gx+2fy+c=0. (*) A (2, 0) lies on S=0 (2)2+ (0)2+2g (2) +2f (0) +c=0 4g +k=-4.. (1) B (0, 1) lies on S=0 (0)2+ (1)2+2g (0) +2f (1) +c=0 2f +k =-1.. (2) C (4, 5) lies on S=0 (4)2+ (5)2+2g (4) +2f (5) +c=0 8g + 10f +k =-41. (3) ) =3 -2g=3+2 (-6)2+ (0)2+2g (-6) +2f (0) +c=0 -12g +c =-36..(2) C (-2, 2) lies on S=0 (-2)2+ (2)2+2g (-2) +2f (2) +c=0 -4g + 4f +c = - 8.(3) Solving eqn (1) & (2) 2g + 2f +c =-2 -12g +c =-36 14g+2f =34 (4) Solving eqn 14g+2f =34 4g+2f=14 10g=20 g=2 (4) & (5) (2) & (3) -12g +0 +c =-36 -4g + 4f +c =-8 -8g-4f=-28. (5) sub f value in eqn 14g+2f =34 14(2) +2f =34 2f= -28 f=3 (1) (4)
the required eqn of the circle is x2+y2+4x+6y-12=0. Now substituting D (-2, -8) in the above eqn, we have (-2)2+(-8)2+4(-2)+6(-8)-12 =4+64-8-48-12 =68-68 =0 D (-2, -8) lies on the circle given 4 points are concyclic.
the required eqn of the circle is x2+y2+2( )x+2( )y+ =0. 3x2+3y2-13x-17y+14=0 given 4 points are concyclic, D (0, c) lies on the above circle 3(0)2+3(c)2-13(0)-17(c)+14=0 3c2-17c+14=0 3c2-3c-14c+14=0 3c(c-1)-14(c-1) =0 (c-1) (3c-14) =0 (c-1) =0 or (3c-14) =0 c=1, c= 4) Find the equation of the equation of the circle passing through the points (4, 1), (6, 5) and whose centre lies on {H/W (2, -3), (-4, 5) and 4x+3y+1=0, (4, 1), (6, 5), and 4x+y-16=0} Sol: let the equation of the required circle be x2+y2+2gx+2fy+c=0. (*) (4, 1) lies on S=0 (4)2+ (1)2+2g (4) +2f (1) +c=0 8g + 2f +c =-17..(1) (6, 5) lies on S=0 (6)2+ (5)2+2g (6) +2f (5) +c=0 12g +10f+c =-61.. (2) Solving eqn (1) & (2) 8g + 2f +c =-17 12g +10f+c =-61 -4g-8f = 44.(3) Given centre (-g, -f) lies on 4x+3y-16=0 4 (-g) +3(-f)-24=0
r1=(
) ( )
( (
) )
C2 (-1, 4)
The equation to the pair of transverse common tangents through P(1,9/2) to the circle S is
given two circles touch externally The point of contact P divides (1, ) P=0 =0 1 0 1=0 1
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
) Where ( )=
0 ( ) =, . / 0 =, 0 0 1 , , {4 - =, } =, 3 =0 - =, -0 1 =, -0 1 1 1 1 -0 1 . / ( ) . - 0( ) / ( ) 1 ( )
Equation of common tangent at point of contact is the radical axis of the circles S-S=0 (x2+y2-6x-2y+1=0)- ( x2 -8x+6y-12=0 Or 4x-3y+6=0. 7) Find the equation of the pair of transverse common tangents to the circles x2+y2-4x-10y+28=0, x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0. Sol: Sol: given equation of the circles S x2+y2-4x-10y+28=0, and ) =0
C2 (-2, 3)
x2+y2-4x-6y-12=0, x2+y2+6x+18y+26=0.(H/W)
- =, - =, - =,
-, -, -, } =0 -
( )
( )
{S.O.B} 121 96 96
) =25(
The equation to the pair of direct common tangents through Q(22, -4) to the circle S is ( ) ( ) Where ( , ( =, ( , =, -, ) ( ) ( -,( ) ) ) ( ( ) ) ( ) )=(22, -4)
the equation of the tangent is (y+4) = ( )(x-22) 24(y+4) =7(x-22) 24y+96= 7x-1547x-24y-250=0 And is (y+4) = ( 4(y+4) =-3(x-22) 4y+16= -3x+663x+4y-50=0 )(x-22)
( ) ( ) ( ) ) ) ( ) ( ) ( Where m1, m2 be the slopes of the tangents which make angles m1=tan m2=tan Given cot =k. + + +
The centres =. 0 1 0 1/
( ) The equation of locus of P(x1, y1) is ( ) 12) If the chord of contact of a point P with respect to the circle x2+y2=a2 cut the circle at A and B such that AOB =900 then show that P lies on the circle x2+y2=2a2. Sol: Given circle x2+y2=a2... (1) Let p(x1, y1) be a point and let the chord of contact of it cut the circle in A and B such that AOB=90 0. The equation of the chord of contact of p(x1, y1) with respect to (1) sis xx1+yy1-a2=0.. (2) The equation to the pair of lines OA and OB is given by x2+y2-a2. / ( ) ( ) Or ) ( ) ( (3) Since AOB=900, we have the coefficient of ( ) ( ) Hence the point p(x1, y1) lies on the circle x2+y2=2a2.
= {1 ( ) } = (1-2, 1+3) and (1+2, 1-3) = (-1, 4) and (3, -2) Eqn of the circle with ( ( ) ( ( ( ) ( ) ) )
10) Show that the poles of tangents to the circle x2+y2=r2 w.r.to the circle (x + a) 2+y2=2a2 lie on y2+4ax=0. Sol: Let P(x1, y1) be the pole of tangents of the circle x2+y2=r2 w. r. to the circle S (x + a) 2+y2=2a2 x 2+y2 +2ax-a2=0 Now the polar of p w.r.t to S=0 is S1=0 xx1+yy1+a(x+x1) - a2=0 x(x1+a) +yy1+ (ax1- a2) =0.. (1) ( )
( ) ) *( ) + ) *( *( ) + ( ) ( ) The equation of locus of P(x1, y1) is y2+4ax=0 ( 11) If are the angles of inclination of tangents through a point p to the circle x2+y2=r2, then find locus of p when cot =k. Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2=r2. (1)
x(3)+y(-1)-1(x+3)+2(y-1)=0 . (2) ( ) Required eqn of the tangent to (1) and it is parallel to (2) is ( ( ( ( 3. ) ) ) ( ( ( ) ) ) ) ( ) ( )
.(1)
Find the equations of the tangents to the circle x2+y2+2x-2y-3=0 which are perpendicular to Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2+2x-2y-3=0 ..(1) Centre (-1, 1) and radius (r) = ( ) ( ) = The given 0.. (2) Any line to the above line is ( ) Since (3) is tangent to (1) r = distance from (-1, 1)
( ) ( )
) in the ratio
. (2)
) is
14) Show that the area of the triangle formed by the two tangents through p(x1, y1) to the circles S x2+y2+2gx+2fy+c=0 and the chord of contact of p with respect to S=0 is
( )
k= Hence required eqn of tangents are 4. Show that the line 5x+12y-4=0 touches the circle x2+y2-6x+4y+12=0, also find the point of contact. Sol: given equation of the line 5x+12y-4=0 and equation of the circle x2+y2-6x+4y+12=0 Centre (3, -2) and radius (r) = ( ) ( ) = If given line touches the given circle then radius of circle = distance from centre (3, -2) to given line d=
( ) ( ) ( ( ) )
1.
of the circle SAQ: Find the equations of the tangents to the circle x2+y2-4x+6y-12=0 which are parallel to Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2-4x+6y-12=0 Centre (2, -3) and radius (r) = ( ) ( ) = The given line x+y-8=0.. (1) Any line parallel to the above line is ( ) If (2) touches the given circle then r = distance from (2, -3)
( ) ( )
r =d, the given straight line touches the given circle. 5. Show that the tangent at (-1, 2)of the circle x2+y2-4x-8y+7=0 touches the circle x2+y2+4x+6y=0 and also find its point of contact. Sol: equation of the tangent at (-1, 2) to the circle ( ) ( ) ( 1) ( ) . (1) 2 For the circle x +y2+4x+6y=0 centre (-2, -3), r =( ) ( ) = Distance from centre (-2, -3) to given line (1)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
(k-1) = k=1
Find the equation of the tangent to x2+y2-2x+4y=0 at (3, -1). Also find the equation of tangent parallel to it. Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2-2x+4y=0 ..(1) Centre (1, -2) and radius (r) = ( ) ( ) = The equation of tangent at (3, -1) is
so the line
( )=(6. 8) If a point P is moving such that the lengths of tangents from P to the circle x2+y2-6x-4y-12=0 and x2+y2+6x+18y+26=0 are in the ratio 2:3 the find the equation of the locus of p. Sol: let P(x1, y1) be any point on the locus and PT1, PT2 be the lengths of tangents from p to the given circles, and then we have
6.
Coordinate of point of contact =(1, -1.) Find the equations of normal to the circle x2+y24x+6y+11=0 at (3, 2) also find the other point where normal meets the circle Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2-4x-6y+11=0 ..(1) Centre C (2, 3) = (-g, -f) Given point A (3, 2) = ( ) The equation of the normal is ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) centre of the circle is mid point of A and B 0 1 ( )
10. Find the length of chord intercepted by the circle x2+y2-8x-2y-8=0 on the line x+y+1=0. Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2-8x-2y-8=0 ..(1) Centre (4, 1) and r =( ) ( ) = Given line x+y+1=0 Distance from centre (-2, -3) to given line (1)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
7.
( ) ( ) Find the area of the triangle formed by the normal at (3, -4) to the circle x2+y2+22x-4y+25=0 with the coordinate axes. Sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2-22x-4y+25=0 ..(1) Centre C (11, 2) = (-g, -f) Given point A (3, -4) = ( ) The equation of the normal is ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) Area of the triangle formed by the normal with the coordinate axes = | | |
( ( ) )
length of chord intercepted by the circle is 2 = 2 =2 11. Find the equation of the circle with centre (-2, 3) cutting a chord length 2 units on 3x+4y+4=0. Sol: given centre C (-2, 3) Given equation of the chord ( ) d= Distance from centre C (-2, 3) to given line (1) d=
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
=2
8.
Find the pole of 3x+4y-45=0 with respect to x2+y2-6x-8y+5=0 sol: given equation of the circle x2+y2-6x-8y+5=0 ..(1) Centre (3, 4) and r =( ) ( ) = Given line 3x+4y-45=0 here l=3, m=4 and n=-45 The pole =. =.
( ( ) ( ) ) ( ) ( ( ) )
/ /
Find the length of the tangent from (3, 3) to the circle x2+y2+6x+8y+26=0. Sol: Given equation of the circle is x2+y2+6x+8y+26=0. Length of the tangent from (3, 3) = = ( ) ( ) =
Find the power of the point (3, 4) w. r. t the circle x2+y2-4x-6y-12=0. Sol: Given equation of the circle is x2+y2-4x-6y-12=0. Power of the point is ( ) ( ) =9+16-12-24-12=-23.
Find centre and radius of 3x2+3y2-6x+4y-4=0. Sol: Given equation of the circle is 3x2+3y2-6x+4y-4=0. . = . is Sol: Length of the tangent = S.O.B k=-2 Obtain parametric equation of the circle If x2+y2-6x+4y-12=0, x2+y2+6x+8y-96=0. Sol: centre (3, -2), c=-12 And r= ( ) = Parametric equation of the circle X= , ( ) ( ) , then find k. from (2, 5) / ( )
1 m2
Sol:
y 2 2cx 2mcy 0
6
) ) ( ) 7
( =
( ( ) )
=c
Find centre and radius of x2+y2+6x+8y-96=0. 8 If x2+y2-4x+6y+c=0 represents a circle with radius 6, find the value of c.
x 2 y 2 8 x 12 y 15 0 .
Sol: equation of the circle concentric with x2+y2+8x+12y+15=0, is in the form x2+y2+8x+12y+k=0. Since it is passes through (2, 3) 4+9+16+36+k=0 65+ k=0 k=-65 required eqn of the circle is x2+y2+8x+12y-65=0, 17 Find the pole of x + y + 2 = 0 with respect to the circle x2 + y2 4x + 6y 12 = 0. Sol: 18 Show that the points (4, -2), (3, -6) are conjugate w.r.to the circle x2+y2=24. ) ( ) Sol: ( (4) (3) + (-2) (-6)-24 12+12 -24=0 19 If (4, k), (2, 3) are conjugate points with respect to the circle x2 + y2 = 17 then find k. ) ( ) Sol: ( (4) (2) + (k) (3) =17 8+ 3k =17 3k = 17 8 3k = 9 k=3. 20. Show that the line