Lewis: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 8th Edition

Chapter 34: Nursing Management: Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome Patient and Caregiver Teaching Guides

DECREASING RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Patient:______________________________Date:_______________________ Nurse Teacher:____________________________________________________ Risk Factor Hypertension Health-Promoting Behaviors Have regular blood pressure checkups. Take prescribed medications for blood pressure control. Reduce salt intake. Stop tobacco use; avoid exposure to environmental tobacco (secondhand) smoke. Control or reduce weight. Perform physical activity regularly. Reduce total fat intake. Reduce animal (saturated) fat intake. Take prescribed medications for lipid reduction. Adjust total caloric intake to achieve and maintain ideal body weight. Engage in regular physical activity. Increase amount of complex carbohydrates and vegetable proteins in diet. Enroll in a smoking cessation program. Change daily routines associated with smoking to reduce desire to smoke. Substitute other activities for smoking. Ask caregivers to support efforts to stop smoking. Avoid exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Develop and maintain at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity on most days of the week. Increase activities to a fitness level. Increase awareness of behaviors that are detrimental to health. Alter patterns that are conducive to stress. (For example, get up 30 minutes earlier so breakfast is not eaten on the way to work.) Set realistic goals for self. Reassess priorities in light of health needs. Learn effective stress management strategies. Seek professional help if feeling depressed, angry, anxious, etc. Plan time for adequate rest and sleep.

Elevated Serum Lipids

Tobacco Use*

Physical Inactivity Stressful Life

Mosby items and derived items 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier, Inc.

Patient and Caregiver Teaching Guides Obesity

34a-2

Diabetes

Change eating patterns and habits. Reduce caloric intake to achieve body mass index of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2. Increase physical activity to increase caloric expenditure. Avoid fad and crash diets, which are not effective over time. Avoid large, heavy meals. Follow the recommended diet. Control or reduce weight. Take prescribed antidiabetic medications. Monitor blood glucose levels regularly.

Additional Comments:____________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

Mosby items and derived items 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier, Inc.