NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF LARGE-SIZED LINEAR VIBRATION SCREENER AND MODAL ANALYSIS OF REAL TYPE AND MODEL

Yongyan Wang 1, Hongxia Zhang1, Shuai Luo 1, Caihong Yue 1, Xin He 2 (1. College of Electro-Mechanical Engineering ,Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266061; 2.Qingdao Hongda textile machinery Co., Ltd. Qingdao, Shandong 266042) Abstract: By means of SAP software and ANSYS software, China's independently developed 27m 2 large-scale sized linear screener is studied. At the same time the type and model of vibration screener are analyzed through experiment and emulation, and the methodology of numerical calculation and test technology on large riddle machine are explored. Through comparative analysis, the design of screeneris improved. And resonance vibration and fatigue damage are avoided. It makes an in-depth exploration of China's Large-sized Vibration Screener. Key words: Screener; modal analysis; Numerical Calculation; natural frequency
1. Introduction With the popularization and application of the deepcoal-processing technology, the major coal-washing and coal-selecting equipment vibrating screener is under development toward large-size and rapidity. But in the course of large-sized screeners work, screener body bears the combined action of exciting force generated by vibration exciter, impact of materials movement on the surface of the screen and spring's support force. And the overall and the local structures of screener may generate vibration resonance, which leads to destruction and therefore affects the reliability and its service life. Thro ugh the research of specific application of systematic identification in the field of engineering vibration. At present, the main analyzing methods are numerical modal analysis and experimental modal analysis. The former mainly uses finite element technology to separate flexible structure into limited number of specific quality units and flexible characteristic units. After separating, computer theoretically calculates in the method of arithmetic calculation. Experimental modal analysis artificially vibrates structures in the rest. Experimental Modal Analysis is to excite the structure in a static state by measuring the exciting force and the response dual-channel Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis, getting mechanical admittance function (transfer function) of any two points[3]. Transfer function is the ratio of output signals X(j) and input signals F(j) . That is:

large-sized screener use, we find that the damage are mainly in the form of lower beams breakage, cracking of both sides of screener and cracking of the beam of discharge mouth and front sides[1]. As a result, in the design and improvement of large-sized vibrating screener structure, the resonance of structure should fully be considered. In this paper, 27m2 large-sized linear screener, studied by Tangshan Coal Research Branch of Beijing Coal Science Research Institute, is our research object to conduct the modal analysis of real type test and model test with the aid of SAP and ANSYS soft wares [2]. 2 .The Methodology of Modal Analysis
Modal analysis is a method of modern analysis which studies the properties of structural characteristics and is the

H ( j) =

X ( j) F ( j)

The basic theory of modal analysis by transfer function is based on modal analysis. After dealing with separation, the dynamic equation of more than a degree of freedom linear structure is

[ M ] { x } + [ C ] { x} + [ K ] { x} = { f (t )}

We identify the modal parameters of the structure with the theory of modal analysis, and fit the curve of the test admittance function

The project was funded by the open National Science Fund the application and research of deep rock mechanics basic 50490275 Authors introduction: Yongyan Wang, male, 51, Jinzhou, Liaoning province, Doctor, Professor, the tutor of doctors, National teaching teacher. Studying on Computational mechanics simulation and structure prediction, Vibration and control, mine pressure and control, etc.

in order to establish the model of the structure. According to the principle of modal superposition, the course of response and response spectrum of the actual structure can be predicted in the case of a variety of load time course known. 3. The Working Principle of Large-sized Linear Screener Six rubber springs support the whole box of 27 m 2 large-sized Linear Screener. And there are the vertical strengthening ribs and T-angle steel in the support direction of the screener box. Both sides connect with two axial beams, five entablatures and nine lower separators through the rivets. Eccentric vibration of axial beam ends drive the five eccentric blocks through the motor. Then the entire screener structure vibrates along with the straight-line in the horizontal angle of 40 . The analysis graph of Oscillating screener exciting and disturbing force is shown in Fig.1.

vibration direction of the excitation disturbances power is as follows:

Fx = F sin 40 F = 4 P cos t = (11) 0 Fy = F sin 50

Eccentric quality of two eccentric axes in exciter is equal to eccentricity. The included angle is 40 the vertical line of the two axis centers connect line of the exciter in each side plate and the horizontal line. The exciter is driven by two timing electric motors. And rotating speeds are uniform, rotating directions are opposite, the initial phases are same. Then centrifugal inertial force generated by eccentric wheels in each of the instantaneous always offset each other along the direction X, and the component forces along the Y direction are always superposed reciprocally. Produced exciting composite forces make the body of the screener to reciprocally vibrate in the Y direction. 4 .The Modal Analysis with SAP and Real Type Experiment 27m2 large-sized linear screener belongs to the typical flat-slab structure. In the analysis with SAP software, the flat-slab theory of the finite element method is mainly used. 4.1. The Establishment of Mechanics Model In order to make mechanics model to well respond to the real situation of the structure, in this paper, we mainly

Fig.1 Oscillating screen exciting and disturbing force analysis graph

separate 27m2 large-sized linear screener into bottom beam, lateral plate and rubber pedestal, as shown in Fig. 2.

Fx1 = P0 sin(t + 40 ) = Fx 3

(3) (5) (6)

Fy1 = P0 sin(50 t ) = P0 sin(t 50 ) = Fy 3 (4) Fx 2 = P0 sin(t + 140 ) = Fx 4 Fy 2 = P0 sin(t + 50 ) = Fy 4

take P=2.4105 into the equations, they are

Design-induced disturbance power are known, then

Fx1 = Fz 3 =2.4 105 sin( t +40)(N) Fy1 = Fy 3 =2.4 105 sin( t 50)(N)
5

(7) (9)

Fig.2 Large linear vibrating screen mechanical model finite element mesh 1. rubber pedestal 2. lateral plate 3.bottom beam 4. imaginary beam 5. sieve top beam The vertical beams and the bridging beams of largesized linear vibrating screener bottom and the roof beams are

Fx 2 = Fx 4 =2.4 105 sin( t +140)(N) (8) Fy 2 = Fy 4 =2.4 10 sin( t +50 )(N) (10)
Therefore, the force of the total synthesis in the

The project was funded by the open National Science Fund the application and research of deep rock mechanics basic 50490275 Authors introduction: Yongyan Wang, male, 51, Jinzhou, Liaoning province, Doctor, Professor, the tutor of doctors, National teaching teacher. Studying on Computational mechanics simulation and structure prediction, Vibration and control, mine pressure and control, etc.

simplified into link elements. And the plate ribs of both side plates and the plait edges of screener side edges are also simplified into link elements. There are a total of 271 link elements, 15 cross-section characters and 3 kinds of materials together with the spring supports and imaginary beams. The 3 kinds of materials are the steel of main structures, the rubber of spring beams and no quality materials of imaginary beams. Taking into account two-level and three-level riveting of the side positions, thickness respectively are 12mm, 24mm and 44 mm .There are 264 plate elements and 353 nodes of the entire computing model. And six nodes of spring supports are fixed nodes. 4.2 .The Results of Numerical Modal Analysis with SAP The first 30-order natural frequencies of the screener were solved in this calculation. And the 8th and 9th order natural frequency are close to the working frequency of the screener enough to meet the design requirements of the project. And part of natural frequencies mode were shown in table 1. Table 1 Part of its natural frequency and model of screen Modal order 7 8 9 10 Natural frequency 10.4027 11.2745 18.5051 22.2138 X-Y asymmetric X direction of the dislocation Y direction of the dislocation X direction of the bend Description mode

Technology University. The Sub-frame of Dynamic tests are shown in Fig.3.

Fig.3 The sub-frame of dynamic tests The experimental result extracted the first 9-order natural frequency of the structure, and the result is as follows: Table2 The natural frequency of real type Modal order 1 2 3 4 5 6 Natural frequency 1.697 11.280 14.013 21.264 24.834 27.533

4.4. The Comparison of SAP Software Calculations and Experimental Real Type Results

The result shows that the 9th order natural frequency is closest to the working frequency of the screener, only exceeding 10% (that is 1.633). The mock result proves right. 4.3. The Experimental Modal Analysis of Real Type In this paper,
2

real

type

physical

prototype Fig.4 Relativity of the extracted models frequency by both model test and FEM From Fig.4, we know that the results of the natural frequency of real type experiment and simulation are close.

experimental modal analysis is carried out on the physical prototype of 27m large-sized linear vibrating screener by the cooperation of the strength and vibration testing centers of Dalian University of Technology as well as Mechanics Experiment and Testing Center of Liaoning Engineering

The project was funded by the open National Science Fund the application and research of deep rock mechanics basic 50490275 Authors introduction: Yongyan Wang, male, 51, Jinzhou, Liaoning province, Doctor, Professor, the tutor of doctors, National teaching teacher. Studying on Computational mechanics simulation and structure prediction, Vibration and control, mine pressure and control, etc.

And the biggest difference is 4.1330Hz. The results of real type experiment are bigger than the results of simulation. Calculating modal parameters, the author believes that the structure would be ideal and linear, but the objective factors of the actual structure, such as non-linear factors, make the results produce bias. But the bias is not large. By comparing, we conclude that the model built is correct with SAP software and the calculating results are also credible. Through the real type experiment modal analysis and (SAP software) finite element method modal analysis, we can see that the working frequency of screen is close to the natural frequency (The working frequency is 16.333Hz). It shows that it is easy for the screener to produce noise and fatigue damage when the working frequency of the screener in the course of its work is close to the natural frequency. 5. The Screener Modal Analysis with ANSYS and Model Experiment 5.1. The Establishment of FEM Model According to the study of the screener design drawings, the side screener frame are divided into three parts and welded with steel plate of the different thickness and the same materials. And there are a variety of different crosssection shapes of the strengthening beams as well as the connecting beams. The edges of the roll side will also be strengthened in this article. And the strengthening beams and side plates are welded the beams and the side plates are connected by rivets. It was simplified on the condition of not affecting the accuracy. Finite element model of the linear screener is shown in Fig.5. SHELL99, BEAM189, COMBINE14 and MASS21 of ANSYS are used to analyze a model. In this model, there are 2369 elements, and the total weight is 50kg. Among them, there are 1822 SHELL99 units, 796 BEAM189 units, 12 COMBINE units and 4 MASS21 units. 8 16.645 6 7 3.8790 13.617 4 5 2.8748 3.0923 2 3 1.4469 1.7335 Fig.5 Finite element model of linear screener 5.2. The Results of Numerical Modal Analysis with ANSYS The first 8-order natural frequencies of screener were calculated. And the results are shown in Table 4. Table 4 The first 30-order natural frequency of screener Moda l order 1 0.039462 wholethe rigid moving of X direction wholethe rotation in X-Z plane wholethe rigid moving of Z direction wholethe rotation in X-Y plane wholethe rigid moving of Y direction wholethe rotation in Y-Z plane wholethe torsional vibration of X direction wholealong the vertical dislocation 5.3 .The Analysis of Model Experiment According to the ratio of 1:10, we set up model prototype of a straight line screener as is shown in Fig.6.The use of the experimental device is developed by Beijing Pope WS-5294 hammering vibration system, and it includes power hammer, piezoelectric acceleration sensor, multichannel charge amplifier, data acquisition and laptop. The 108 points are selected in this experiment. And the support mode is simulating real-screener support. The way of hammer experimental modal analysis is used. The first 6order natural frequencies of the structure are extracted. And
The project was funded by the open National Science Fund the application and research of deep rock mechanics basic 50490275 Authors introduction: Yongyan Wang, male, 51, Jinzhou, Liaoning province, Doctor, Professor, the tutor of doctors, National teaching teacher. Studying on Computational mechanics simulation and structure prediction, Vibration and control, mine pressure and control, etc.

Natural frequency

Description mode

the results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 The natural frequency of model structure Modal order 1 1.16 1.08 A B Description mode The overall vibration of screener frame 2 3 4 5 6 12.47 23.41 26.95 43.75 53.13 11.70 22.21 35.74 43.56 48.96 torsion bend Second bend Third bend bend

hammering is not enough to inspire all modes of model in the model experiment. Besides, when we calculate the modal parameters in the finite element method, and the structure should be ideal and linear. But the objective factors of the actual structure, such as non-linear factors, make the results produce bias. But the bias is not large. By comparing, we conclude that the model built is correct with ANSYS software and the calculating results are also credible. Through the model experiment modal analysis and (ANSYS software) finite element method modal analysis, we can see that the working frequency of the screener is close to the natural frequency (The working frequency is 16.333Hz). The smallest margin of natural frequency made by model experiment is 12.402%, and the smallest margin thought finite element calculation is 1.94%. It also shows that it is easy for the screener to produce noise and fatigue damage, when the working frequency of the screener in the course of its work is close to the natural frequency. 6 Conclusions Based on similar principles, 1:10 of the model of

Note A- The measured value of Natural frequency B- The calculated value of Natural frequency

Fig.6 The model of screener 5.4. The Comparison of ANSYS Calculations and Experimental Model Results

linear vibrating screener was created according to the principles of simplification. The real type prototype and the model of screener were modal analyzed. And the first 6order natural frequencies were respectively extracted. Both of results were compared and respectively compared to the results of FEM. By comparing the results, it can be concluded: The model and the real type of screener simplified were still similar in the dynamic properties. The model screener can replace the real-type one to a certain extent. Although the natural frequencies of the real type experiment and FEM are different in modal order, several frequencies are close. And the accuracy of the finite element

Fig.7 relativity of the extracted models frequency by both model test and ANSYS Calculations From Fig.7, we know that the results of the natural frequency of model experiment and ANSYS simulation are close. And the biggest difference is 3.516 Hz. The results of model experiment are bigger than the results of ANSYS simulation. The author believes that the energy of

model was verified. At the same time, the results of the two modal approaches were analyzed. We found that a natural frequency is close to the working frequency. And it is necessary to revise the dynamic aspects of the screener. It is easy for the screener to produce noise and fatigue damage when its working frequency in the course of work is close to the natural frequency of model and FEM. Experimental modal analysis and finite element

The project was funded by the open National Science Fund the application and research of deep rock mechanics basic 50490275 Authors introduction: Yongyan Wang, male, 51, Jinzhou, Liaoning province, Doctor, Professor, the tutor of doctors, National teaching teacher. Studying on Computational mechanics simulation and structure prediction, Vibration and control, mine pressure and control, etc.

method supply and verify each other. No matter which methods they are, the results tend to produce bias. For precise modal analysis of the structure of screener, the two methods are often compared with each other and verify. 7. References [1]Yongyan Wang Yinglou Tai,Qihan Xun.The dynamic simulation study of large-sized linear screener [J] Journal of Computational Mechanics.200118:9498 [2]Lijuan Wu Huibin Li. The Analysis of Large-sized linear screener[J] Mechanical Engineers.200484547 [3]Vorster, w. Hinde,A. Schiefer, F.. Increased screening efficiency using a Kroosher unit coupled with a Sweco screener. Minerals Engineering. South Africa.2002 107 110

The project was funded by the open National Science Fund the application and research of deep rock mechanics basic 50490275 Authors introduction: Yongyan Wang, male, 51, Jinzhou, Liaoning province, Doctor, Professor, the tutor of doctors, National teaching teacher. Studying on Computational mechanics simulation and structure prediction, Vibration and control, mine pressure and control, etc.