Debbie Green Thumb - TG

How Plants Grow
from the Debbie Greenthumb Unit of Study
Teachers Guide
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AGC/United Learning 1560 Sherman Av., Suite 100 Evanston, IL60201 1-800-323-9084 Fax 847-328-6706 www.agcunitedlearning.com e-mail: info@agcunited.com
How Plants Grow

Written and Produced by John Colgren
Published and Distributed by
AGC/United Learning
1560 Sherman Avenue, Suite 100 Evanston, IL 60201
800-323-9084
FAX 847-328-6706 www.agcunitedlearning.com e-mail: info@agcunited.com
All material in this program is the exclusive property of the copyright holder. Copying, transmitting, or reproducing in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the coyright holder is prohibited.(Title 17, U.S. Code Sections 501 and 506).
2000 Colgren Communications
Contents
Introduction to the Unit of Study 1 Unit Goals 1 Unit Assessment Tools 2 Unit Answer Key 2 Lesson Introduction 5 Links to Curriculum Standards 6 Student Objectives 7 Instructional Notes 7 Teacher Preparation 8 Introducing the Video 8 Follow-Up Discussion 9 Blackline Master Descriptions 9 Enrichment Activities 10 Answer Key 10 Internet References 13 Script of Video Narration 13 This video is closed captioned
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HOW PLANTS GROW

Grades 1-4 Viewing Time: 10 minutes with an optional 10-question Video Quiz
INTRODUCTION TO THE UNIT OF STUDY The Debbie Greenthumb Unit of Study is designed for use in grades 1-4 as an introduction to the major ideas and concepts associated with the world of plants. The video programs contain information that closely supports the content established in the National Science Education Standards for these grade levels. UNIT GOALS After having particpated in each of the four programs in the Unit of Study and their respective follow-up activities, students should be able to identify that: Plants have basic needs which they must get from their environment. Plants are the only things capable of producing their own food. Plants are the foundation for all food chains. Plants release oxygen into the air as a by-product of photosynthesis. Plants have specific structures for growth, survival, and reproduction. Plants go through a life cycle. Plants provide many raw materials that humans have become dependent upon.
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UNIT ASSESSMENT TOOLS This Unit of Study is accompanied by a Unit Pre-Test, designed to gauge what students know about plants prior to the administration of all four individual lessons, and a Unit Post-Test, designed to assess their knowledge after completing all four lessons and their respective follow-up activities. The results of these two assessment tools may be compared on a student-by-student or classroom basis in order to highlight objectives that may need reinforcement. UNIT ANSWER KEY UNIT PRE-TEST Matching Section: 8- pistil, the female part of a flowering plant. 7- crop rotation, farmers don't plant the same type of crop each year in a field. 5- cotyledons, the stored food in a seed. 4- carbon dioxide, a gas exhaled by animals and humans. 10- pollen, the male sex cell. 9- stamen, the male part of a flowering plant. 2- chlorophyll, the green-colored chemical that gives plants their color and helps with food making. 6- fossil fuels, fuels that have formed over millions of years from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals. 1photosynthesis, the food-making process carried on by plants. 3- oxygen, a gas released by plants and needed by animals. Short Answer Section: 1. Insects visit flowers for the nectar they contain and, in the process, rub against the anthers and pick up pollen grains that stick to their legs and bodies. The pollen is carried to other flowers and may be deposited on the
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stigma of the new flower. Insects help with fertilization. 2. Some seeds float and can be carried by rivers and oceans. Some seeds float in the air and are carried by wind. Some seeds are dispersed by birds and other animals when they are eaten and then released with waste product. Some seeds stick to fur and gain a ride. 3. Plants produce so many seeds because most will never grow into a new plant. 4. Many animals eat fruits that contain seeds. The seeds are swallowed with the fruit and later released with waste product. Sometimes seeds are sticky and cling to animal fur for a ride to a new location. 5. Seeds need water, warmth, and darkness. 6. Leaves carry on the food-making process called photosynthesis. 7. Roots supply support to the plant and take in water and minerals. Some roots are used as food storage. 8. Stems hold the leaves up into the sunlight. They provide a transportation system for moving water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. 9. Plants are the only living things capable of making food. Plants are the foundation for all food webs and they also release oxygen into the air, which is necessary for animal survival. 10. Plants need water and minerals from the soil. They also need carbon dioxide, which is taken in by leaves. Sunlight provides the energy for photosynthesis. 11. Answers will vary, but may include: clothes, food, oxygen, shelter, lumber, medicine, fuel, etc. Flower Part Identification: anther 4 stamen 6 style 2 pistil 7 ovary 3 stigma 1 filament 5
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UNIT POST-TEST Definitions: 1. photosynthesis - The food-making process used by green plants. 2. chlorophyll - The chemical found in plants that gives them the green color and helps with the food-making process. 3. oxygen - A gas that is released by plants and is essential to life. 4. carbon dioxide - A gas exhaled by animals and taken in by plants as an ingredient in photosynthesis. 5. cotyledons - Food supplies found in seeds to provide nourishment until the plant can start making its own food. 6. fossil fuels - Fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and oil, that were formed millions of years ago from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals. 7. crop rotation - A technique used to keep fields healthy by planting different crops each year. 8. pistil - The female part of a flower. 9. stamen - The male part of a flower. 10. pollen - the male sex cell of the plant world. Short Answer Section: 1. Plants produce so many seeds because most will never grow into a new plant. 2. Seeds need water, warmth, and darkness. 3. Many animals eat fruits that contain seeds. The seeds are swallowed with the fruit and later released with waste product. Sometimes seeds are sticky and cling to animal fur for a ride to a new location. 4. Leaves carry on the food making-process called photosynthesis. 5. Roots supply support to the plant and take in water and minerals. Some roots are used as food storage. 6. Stems hold the leaves up into the sunlight. They provide a transportation system for moving water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and food from the leaves to the rest of the plant.
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7. Plants are the only living things capable of making food. Plants are the foundation for all food webs and they also release oxygen into the air, which is necessary for animal survival. 8. Plants need water and minerals from the soil. They also need carbon dioxide, which is taken in by leaves. Sunlight provides the energy for photosynthesis. 9. Some seeds float and can be carried by rivers and oceans. Some seeds float in the air and are carried by wind. Some seeds are dispersed by birds and other animals when they are eaten and then released with waste product. Some seeds stick to fur and gain a ride. 10. Insects visit flowers for the nectar they contain and, in the process, rub against the anthers and pick up pollen grains that stick to their legs and bodies. The pollen is carried to other flowers and may be deposited on the stigma of the new flower. Insects help with fertilization. 11. Answers will vary, but may include: clothes, food, oxygen, shelter, lumber, medicine, fuel, etc. LESSON INTRODUCTION This video program discusses the growth of plants from sprouting seeds to adult plants capable of producing food. Plant parts and their functions are also introduced. Debbie conducts some experiments to observe the sprouting of a seed and the movement of water through the stem of a plant. Roots, stems, leaves, and flowers and their functions are described. Photosynthesis and fertilization are also presented. Other titles in the Debbie Greenthumb Unit of Study include: Where Plants Come From Plants Can Be Found Everywhere The Importance of Plants To Our World
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LINKS TO CURRICULUM STANDARDS As stated in the the National Science Education Standards, "During the elementary grades, children build understanding of biological concepts through direct experience with living things, their life cycles, and their habitats." The specific content standards addressed in this Unit of Study are: The Characterisitics of Organisms Organisms have basic needs. For example, animals need air, water, and food; plants require air, water, nutrients, and light. Organisms can survive only in environments in which their needs can be met. The world has many different environments, and distinct environments support the life of different types of organisms. Each plant or animal has different structures that serve different functions in gowth, survival, and reproduction. The behavior of individual organisms is influenced by internal cues (such as hunger) and by external cues (such as a change in the environment). Life Cycles of Organisms Plants and animals have life cycles that include being born, developing into adults, reproducing, and eventually dying. The details of this life cycle are different for different organisms. Plants and animals closely resemble their parents. Many characteristics of an organism are inherited from the parents of the organism, but other characteristics result from an individual's interactions with the environment. Inherited characteristics include the color of flowers and the number of limbs of an animal. Other features, such as the ability to ride a bicycle, are learned through interactions with the environment and cannot be passed on to the next generation. Organisms and the Environments All animals depend on plants. Some animals eat plants for food. Other animals eat animals that eat plants. An organism's patterns of behavior are related to the nature of that organism's environment, including the
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kinds and numbers of other organisms present, the availability of food and resources, and the physical characteristics of the environment. When the environment changes, some plants and animals survive and reproduce, and others die or move to new locations. All organisms cause changes in the environment where they live. Some of these changes are detrimental to the organism or other organisms, whereas others are beneficial. Humans depend on their natural and constructed environments. Humans change environments in ways that can be either beneficial or detrimental for themselves and other organisms. STUDENT OBJECTIVES After viewing the video and participating in the follow-up activities, students should be able to ... Discuss why sprouting plants need warmth, water, air, and food. Identify chlorophyll as the green material in a leaf that enables a plant to make its own food. List the raw materials a plant needs to carry on photosynthesis. Describe the main function of roots, stems, and leaves. INSTRUCTIONAL NOTES Before presenting this lesson to your students, we suggest that you preview the video and review this guide and the accompanying blackline master activities in order to familiarize yourself with their content. As you review the materials presented in this guide, you may find it necessary to make some changes, additions, or deletions to meet the specific needs of your class. We encourage you to do so, for only by tailoring this program to your class will they obtain the maximum instructional benefits afforded by the materials.
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It is also suggested that the video presentation take place before the entire group under your supervision. The lesson activities grow out of the context of the video; therefore, the presentation should be a common experience for all students. TEACHER PREPARATION Duplicate any blackline masters you wish to distribute. Blackline Master 1, Pre-Test, may be used before the video is shown. It will help to identify what students already know about the subject matter. If you plan to use Blackline Master 2, Video Quiz, which immediately follows the video presentation, you may wish to have copies of the quiz ready to distribute at the completion of the video program. Also, plan to pause the tape between questions if students require more time. The Video Quiz and many of the other duplicating masters were designed for use with third and fourth graders, so if you are working with younger children, you will need to adapt the material. One method would be to use the Video Quiz as a class activity together as a review. INTRODUCING THE VIDEO Ask students to think of how living things go through stages of development. Animals have babies that grow and develop over years. They go through stages of development, such as being born, infancy, childhood, adulthood, and finally, death. Plants are living organisms that also go through stages of development. Starting as seeds, they sprout and develop into adult plants capable of reproducing and spreading new seeds. Present the video. The viewing time is 10 minutes for the program and 5 minutes for the Video Quiz.
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FOLLOW-UP DISCUSSION Lead a class discussion using the following: 1. Why do most plants release so many seeds? 2. What are some reasons a seed might not sprout? 3. What happens to seeds that don't sprout? BLACKLINE MASTER DESCRIPTIONS This program contains nine blackline masters that can be used to reinforce ideas and information presented in the video. An Answer Key begins on page 10. Blackline Master 1, Pre-Test, can be used to determine what students already know about topics covered in this lesson. Blackline Master 2, Video Quiz, is to be used at the end of the video program. At the completion of the video, there is a short quiz. The narrator will read the questions which are displayed on the screen. Students can use this sheet to record their answers. Blackline Master 3, Foil on the Soil, is an experiment to demonstrate the importance of roots to a plant's overall well-being. Blackline Master 4, Needs, is an exercise to identify the things necessary for photosynthesis and to identify the role that roots, stems, leaves, and seed play in supporting the success of a plant. Blackline Master 5, Roots, Stems, and Leaves, is a activity for identifying the jobs roots, stems, and leaves perform for a plant. Blackline Master 6, Stages, is an experiment designed to illustrate the stages of growth for a bean sprout.
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Blackline Master 7, Seed Germination, is an experiment designed to examine the role of water in seed germination. You may wish to do this as an in-class project and have only one set-up of three pots. Blackline Master 8, Strength of Seed Germination, is an experiment designed to illustrate the strength of germinating seeds. Blackline Master 9 is the Post-Test, a tool to measure student comprehension of the material presented in the lesson. ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES 1. Bring in an assortment of fruits and cut them open to collect the seeds. Plant the seeds and see how they sprout. Have students keep records. 2. Soak some lima beans overnight and then wrap them in damp paper toweling for five or six days. Bring them to class and have students examine the seeds to identify the germ and the cotyledons. ANSWER KEY Blackline Master 1, Pre-Test 1. The three main parts of a plant are the roots, stem, and leaves. 2. Roots provide support and hold the plant up straight. Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil. 3. Stems provide a plant's framework and support. The stem holds the leaves up to the sunlight. The stem is the pathway for water and minerals from the roots to get to the leaves. Food from the leaves travels through the stem to all parts of the plant. 4. The leaves are where the plant makes its food. 5. Seeds need warmth, water, air, and food from its cotyledons to germinate. 6. Cotyledons are stored food that is used by the seed when it germinates and begins to grow.
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7. Photosynthesis is the food-making process plants use to feed themselves. Photosythesis requires carbon dioxide, minerals, water, and sunlight. 8. In some plants, roots are used to store food. 9. Chlorophyll is the chemical that give plants their green color and is essential for photosynthesis to take place. 10. Sunlight provides the energy necessary to carry on photosynthesis. Blackine Master 2, Video Quiz 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. Leaves are where photosynthesis takes place. Leaves make the food for the plant. 5. Stems hold the leaves up towards the sun. 6. Seeds need warmth, water, air and food. 7. Roots provide support for the plant and keep it upright. 8. Sunlight provides the energy for photosynthesis. 9. Water 10. Carbon dioxide, water, nutrients, sunlight Blackline Master 3, Foil on the Soil The plant with watered roots should do fine. The other two should wilt and suffer from lack of sufficient water. Blackline Master 4, Needs A. sunlight, carbon dioxide, chlorophyll, minerals, water B. root - supports the plant seed - begins new plant leaves - produce food for plant stem - hold leaves up to the sun and provide pathway from roots to the leaves and back again Blackline Master 5, Roots, Stems, and Leaves 1. Roots - store food, hold plant in ground, move water and minerals to different parts of plant, take in water, take in minerals 2. Stems - store food, move water and minerals to different parts of the plant, support leaves
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3. Leaves - store food, make food, release oxygen and carbon dioxide into air Blackline Master 6, Stages Answers will vary. Blackline Master 7, Seed Germination No water and too much water will not allow a seed to germinate. Blackline Master 8, Strength of Seed Germination The seeds will soak up the water and expand, causing the jar to break. Blackline Master 9, Post-Test 1. Plants need carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and minerals. 2. The plant has started to grow and has broken through the soil's surface. 3. It protects the germ and food inside. 4. The germ feeds on the material under the skin of the seed. It makes up the bulk of the seed. 5. Green plants use sunlight in their food-making process. The grean in a leaf is called chlorophyll. Sunlight gives chlorophyll the energy it needs to change raw materials into the food the plant needs. 6. chlorophyll 7. They need water and minerals from the soil. They need carbon dioxide which animals and humans exhale. Plants need sunlight to carry on their food-making process. 8. Roots hold the plant in place, collect water and minerals, and sometimes store food. 9. Stems carry water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, give the leaves support, and store food. 10. Leaves make the food that the plant needs.
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INTERNET REFERENCES Here are some Internet addresses that may be helpful. Don't forget to go to the AGC/United Learning site and connect to the Debbie Greenthumb pages. http://www.agcunitedlearning.com http://www.letsgetgrowing.com An online catalog of environmental science and nature supplies. http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/gpe/gpe.html The Great Plant Escape SCRIPT OF VIDEO NARRATION HOW PLANTS GROW Debbie has planted hundreds of seeds and watched them grow. Today Debbie is going to try an experiment to see how seeds grow. She will be using bean seeds from the store. Debbie places the seeds in a jar with water overnight. The next day, Debbie removes the soaked beans from the jar and places them in damp paper toweling for five days. Soon the beans have sprouted, or started to grow. Debbie looks at the inside of the beans. She draws a picture of what she sees. Debbie's mom points to the different parts and explains what they do. The outer coating had been tough but the water softened it up. This outer coating is protection. Debbie's mom points to the germ, which is the part of the seed which will grow into the new plant. The two white areas that take up so much room in the seed are called cotyledons. They are food for the germ as it grows roots, a stem, and leaves. Debbie's mom asks her what she thinks seeds need to grow and develop. Debbie says that the bean seeds didn't begin to sprout until they were soaked in water.
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Outside they get the water from rain. The seeds also need warmth, which they can get from the spring sun and the warm soil. The sprout needs air, which it can get from the soil, but it doesn't need light. When a seed is buried under the soil, it doesn't get any sunlight. The sprout needs food, which it gets from the seed itself. Remember, the two large cotyledons provide the food until the plant is large enough to make its own food. There are three main parts to most plants: roots, stems, and leaves. The roots grow down into the soil. One important job roots perform is to anchor, or hold a plant in place. The roots provide support and help a plant stand up right. Sometimes winds can be so strong that they blow down even huge trees. A storm with very damaging winds blew through this community, uprooting many trees. Roots also absorb, or take in, water and minerals from the soil. The plant needs these things for food making. Roots are covered with tiny hairs which spread out underground to absorb the water and minerals. Though the main functions of roots are to anchor a plant in place and absorb water and minerals, they also help in other ways. In some plants, like carrots, turnips, and beets, the roots store some of the food made in the leaves. Some roots, such as this vine, produce roots that grab hold of anything that will help them in their climb towards the sun. The mesquite tree that grows in the dry desert lands of America's southwest, has been found with roots that have grown as deep as 175 feet in search of water. The next important part of a plant is the stem. This part serves as the framework of a plant. The stem supports the leaves and holds them up where the sun can shine on them. The stem also connects the roots with the leaves. The stem is an important path for the water and minerals absorbed by the roots. Those materials need to get to the leaves. Some of the food produced by the leaves travels to other parts of the plant, including the roots.
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The leaves serve the plant well, for it is within the leaves that food for the plant is made. Plants are able to make food. No other thing on earth can do that. The food making happens in the leaves. Stem and leaf poke upward through the soil. When the white leaf pokes through the soil and into the light, it turns green. The green in the leaf is called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll helps the leaves make food for the plant. The food is all gone from the seed, so now it is time for the plant to make its own food. This is how the plant makes food. It takes water and minerals from the soil into its roots and passes them up through the stem to the leaves. The leaves have small openings on their undersides. They take in carbon dioxide, which is a gas that animals and people breathe out. The sunlight provides the energy that the chlorophyll needs to change the water, minerals, and carbon dioxide into the food the plant needs. One important product from this food-making process is a gas called oxygen. Plants don't need much oxygen, so they release it through the holes on the underside of their leaves. People and animals need the oxygen to live we breathe it into our lungs. So plants need the carbon dioxide which animals exhale to release from their bodies. Animals and people need the oxygen that plants give off. Plants and animals need each other. Debbie and her mom set up another experiment. This one will show that water can move upward in a plant through the stem to the top of the plant. They put red food coloring in this cup of water. Then they put the end of this celery stalk in the cup. Celery is a stem. After awhile, the red food coloring has moved up the celery stalk. In the same way, water in the soil is soaked up by the roots and moves up the stem into the leaves. Roots, stems, and leaves all grow from the food made by the plant.
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One day, flowers appear on many different kinds of plants like beans, apple trees, and other garden plants. Bees and insects move from one flower to another collecting and spreading the pollen made by these parts of the flower. When a bee or insect goes into a flower after nectar, it rubs against the pollen and some of it sticks to the insect's body. Then when the insects flies to another flower, some of the pollen rubs off onto this other part of the flower. When the pollen lands here, it will grow a tube down to where the eggs are. The pollen and egg join to make a seed. This is called fertilization. After fertilization takes places, the flower slowly dies and falls away. A fruit develops around the seeds. The fruit will provide food for the new plants that might develop. So plants go through a life cycle just like animals and humans. Many plants live their lives in one year. They begin as a seed. A sprout grows from the seed. Roots, stems, and leaves develop. Blossoms appear. New seeds develop for next years crop. The plant dies. Most vegetables are annuals, living just one year. Beans, tomatoes, sweet corn, and melons are all examples. Some plants are biannuals that live two years. Carrots are an example. Trees of course live many years. In fact, some trees are the oldest living things. Some trees are hollow. Bees build hives and small animals sometimes live in these trees. Eventually all trees and all plants die, but they have spread their seeds so other new plants can grow. That's how nature works.
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Video Quiz Multiple Choice: 1. The food making process that plants carry on is called ____________. a. chlorophyll b. photosynthesis c. germination d. cotyledons 2. The chemical that gives green plants their color and is used with food making is called ___________. a. chlorophyll b. photosynthesis c. germination d. cotyledons 3. The food for a sprouting plant is stored in the seed's ______________. a. chlorophyll b. photosynthesis c. germination d. cotyledons Short Answer: 4. How do leaves help a plant? 5. What is the job of stems for a plant? 6. What do seeds need to germinate, or start growing? 7. What job do roots perform for a plant? 8. Why is sunlight important to a green plant? 9. Root hairs absorb nutrients and ________________. 10. What does a plant need to make its food?
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Pre-Test

Directions: Answer the following questions as directed by your teacher. You may use the back of this sheet to write your answers. 1. What are the three main parts of plants?
2. How do roots help a plant?
3. What is the job that stems perform?
4. How do leaves help a plant to grow?
5. What do seeds need to germinate, or start growing?
6. What are cotyledons?
7. What is the process of photosynthesis?
8. In some plants, such as carrots and beets, the roots do more than provide support. What else do they do?
9. What is chlorophyll?
10. Why is sunlight important to a growing plant?
How Plants Grow (Debbie Greenthumb Unit of Study) 2000 Colgren Communications Published and Distributed by AGC/United Learning All rights to print materials cleared for classroom duplication and distribution AGC/United Learning 1560 Sherman Av., Suite 100 Evanston, IL 60201 1-800-323-9084 Fax 847-328-6706 www.agcunitedlearning.com e-mail: info@agcunited.com
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Video Quiz

Directions: At the end of the video production is a short quiz. You may write the answers to the quiz on this sheet. Multiple Choice : Circle the correct word to fill in the blank. 1. The food making process that plants carry on is called ____________. a. chlorophyll b. photosynthesis c. germination d. cotyledons 2. The chemical that gives green plants their color and is used with food making is called ___________. a. chlorophyll b. photosynthesis c. germination d. cotyledons 3. The food for a sprouting plant is stored in the seed's ______________. a. chlorophyll b. photosynthesis c. germination d. cotyledons Short Answer: Write a short answer for each question. 4. How do leaves help a plant?
5. What is the job of stems for a plant?
6. What do seeds need to germinate, or start growing?
7. What job do roots perform for a plant?
8. Why is sunlight important to a green plant?
9. Root hairs absorb nutrients and ________________.
10. What does a plant need to make its food?
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Foil on the Soil

PURPOSE: To illustrate the role roots play in supplying a plant with needed water. MATERIALS: 1. three impatients plants in separate pots 2. aluminum foil 3. water
PROCEDURES: 1. For three or four days, do not water the plants. 2. One plant will have its soil watered, one will have water given only to its leaves, and the third plant will have water given only to its stem. 3. Be sure to cover the soil with the aluminum foil when watering the leaves or stem of those two plants. 4. To water only the stem, hold the plant sideways in a stream of water. 5. Let the plants sit for a couple of hours but leave the foil over the soil of the two that are not to have the roots receive water. OBSERVATIONS: Compare the conditions of all three plants. Write down your observations here: Watered roots-
Watered stem-
Watered leaves-
CONCLUSIONS: How do you explain these results?
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Needs

A. Directions: Circle the things in the box that a plant needs to make its food.
spoon oxygen chlorophyll minerals cotyledons
sunlight carbon dioxide petroleum water
B. Directions: Tell what each of these plant parts does for the plant. Root ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Seed ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Leaves __________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Stem ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Roots, Stems, and Leaves

Plants have three main parts. Each part plays an important role in the plant's growth and development. Directions: Match the jobs listed at the bottom of this page with the plant parts numbered 1, 2, and 3 in the chart below. Some jobs can be used more than once.
1. ROOTS
2. STEMS
3. LEAVES
JOBS
Store food make food hold plant in ground move water and minerals to different parts of plant support leaves take in water take in minerals release oxygen and carbon dioxide into the air
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Stages

PURPOSE: To show the stages of growth as a bean plant sprouts.
MATERIALS:
1. beans 2. water 3. paper towels 1. Soak the bean seeds in a cup of water overnight. 2. Place them in paper towels that have been soaked with water. 3. Keep them in the wet paper towel for five days. 4. Observe them closely each day.
PROCEDURES:
OBSERVATIONS: Draw what the seeds look like each day.
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Day 4
Day 5
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Seed Germination

PURPOSE: To discover how water affects the germination of seeds. MATERIALS: 1. lima beans 2. potting soil 3. magnifying lens 4. three jars 5. water 1. Fill each of the three jars with potting soil. Leave some space at the top of each jar. Number the jars 1, 2, 3. 2. Plant 4 lima beans in each jar. Place them about one-half inch down into the soill, cover with soil. Place them close to the side of the jar so you can make observations. 3. Keep the jars in a warm place. 4. In jar number 1, keep the level of water always above the surface of the soil. This jars soil and beans are always soaked. 5. In jar number 2, add just enough water each day so that the soil is damp. 6. Jar number 3 will receive no water.
PROCEDURE:
OBSERVATIONS: Keep a record of what you see happening in each jar for the next week or two. CONCLUSIONS: What can you tell about a seed's need for water?
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Strength of Seed Germination

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the strength of germinating (sprouting) seeds. MATERIALS: 1. enough bean seeds to fill a jar 2. a jar with a screw-on lid 3. water 4. gallon-sized plastic bag with tie or ziplock
PROCEDURES: 1. Fill the jar to the very top with seeds. Really pack them in. 2. Pour water into the jar till it overflows. 3. Put the jar lid on and tighten it into place. 4. Place the jar into the gallon-sized plastic bag. Seal the plastic bag with a tie or ziplock it. 5. Place the entire set-up in a warm spot and look at it over the next couple of days. OBSERVATIONS: What happened to the seeds in the jar? What happened to the jar? CONCLUSIONS: How can you explain any change in the appearance of the jar and seeds?
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Name____________________________
HOW PLANTS GROW Post-Test

Directions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. What four things do plants need to grow strong and healthy?
2. What do we mean when we say a plant sprouts?
3. Why is the skin, or outer coating, of a seed important?
4. The germ, or seed, is the part that grows into a plant. On what does the germ feed?
5. Why is sunlight important to a growing green plant?
6. What do we call the green in a leaf?
7. Green plants produce, or make, their own food. What do they need and where do they get it?
8. How do roots help a plant?
9. What job do stems do for a plant?
10. How are leaves important to a plant?

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How Plants Grow

from the Debbie Greenthumb Unit of Study

How Plants Grow

Written and Produced by John Colgren

Published and Distributed by

CLASSROOM/LIBRARY VIEWING CLEARANCE

HOW PLANTS GROW

HOW PLANTS GROW Pre-Test

2. How do roots help a plant?

3. What is the job that stems perform?

4. How do leaves help a plant to grow?

5. What do seeds need to germinate, or start growing?

6. What are cotyledons?

7. What is the process of photosynthesis?

10. Why is sunlight important to a growing plant?

HOW PLANTS GROW Video Quiz

5. What is the job of stems for a plant?

6. What do seeds need to germinate, or start growing?

7. What job do roots perform for a plant?

8. Why is sunlight important to a green plant?

9. Root hairs absorb nutrients and ________________.

10. What does a plant need to make its food?

HOW PLANTS GROW Foil on the Soil

CONCLUSIONS: How do you explain these results?

HOW PLANTS GROW Needs

spoon oxygen chlorophyll minerals cotyledons

sunlight carbon dioxide petroleum water

HOW PLANTS GROW Roots, Stems, and Leaves

HOW PLANTS GROW Stages

OBSERVATIONS: Draw what the seeds look like each day.

HOW PLANTS GROW Seed Germination

HOW PLANTS GROW Strength of Seed Germination

HOW PLANTS GROW Post-Test

2. What do we mean when we say a plant sprouts?

3. Why is the skin, or outer coating, of a seed important?

5. Why is sunlight important to a growing green plant?

6. What do we call the green in a leaf?

8. How do roots help a plant?

9. What job do stems do for a plant?

10. How are leaves important to a plant?

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