:

.

.

.




. .



.

.

2.1

3.1 :

:
.
.
.
1

 4.1 :

:
.1
.
.2 .

1.5

:
.1
.
.2
.
.3 .
.4

.

1.6 :


:
- :





.
- :


.

1.7 :
:


.

.2
1.2 :
3




[ ]1



[. ]3[ ]2




[ ]4
%10 %15

: Building Construction
Heavy construction
Horizontal Construction

. ]Vertical or Building Construction ]5






.

[ ]4

[ ]6



%90
[. ]7


[ ]9[ ]2
Bentil "

"[. ]13[ ]5



.

[. ]13[ ]12[ ]11[ ]10[ ]2

[ ]14


[. ]16[ ]15

)
( [.]17[ ]15

:
- :





0.4 0.25
.]20[ ]15[ 0.2
- :



[. ]19[ ]15
- :

) . [BS 570-1978 ) [20

][15
] [21
]. [22] [15

) ( 1.2


][15
]. [23
5

%54

%5

%51

%53

%02

%52

%52

%01

) ( 1.2 ][24] [15

) .( 2.2

2.2 ] [92
(
)

6



]. [25




]. [14



) .( 1.2

) ( 1.2 ]: [19] [31

1
3
3
3

1
1
1
2

1
2
1
1

) .( 3.2

) (

) ( 3.2 ][18

 [ ]15[ ]11[ ]1
.Integer L. P
[ ]17[ ]16[ ]1
Moder
[Phillips [32
) ( 4.2
Break through points
Robimson
Butcher [
. [28] [29] ]1

62
60
58
56
54
52
50
48
46
44
42
40
38
36
34
32
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0

1
2
3
4
6
7
8
11
12
[320] [35
]
5

)( 94.210

2.2 [:]30




1228.5
88 .2003

) .( 5.2

Contractual values of construction projects in Libya during 19881999

.D
fL
s
n
ilo
M

6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
02-03

00-01

98-99

96-97

94-95

92-93

90-91

88-89

Years

) ( 5.2 1988 ]30[2003

% 97.7
3260
3186
1979 2003 907

682.5 .

) ( 6.2

[]30

 ) :( 6.2 79 [ 2003
]30

10

1.3 :
11





[ ]25

.




[ ]14
.
)
(Project ) (Program




- -
) (Tasks )Work
(Packages

[. ]25[ ]14

2.3 :


[ ]25
:


[.]31

[:]4
1 .
-2 .
-3 ) (.
-4 .
-5 .
-6 ) .(...
12

 3.3 [: ]32


:
-1 :
- .
- .
- .
- .
- .
-
.
-2 :

:
-
.
- .
.

-3 :
" " :
- : .
- : .
- : .
- : .
- .

4.3 ]: [14
-1 :

.


.
-2:

13








.
-3:





.

-4:





.

14

-5 :




) .(1.3

001

 ) ( 1.3 ][14

) ( 2.3
.

100

) ( 2.3

[ ]25




[. ]25[ ]15[ ]5[ ]32

3-5 [:]33[ ]25

-1 .

-2 .

-3 .

-4

-5

- 6 .

-7 .

-8 .
15

 -9 .

-10 .

: ): (Conceptual Phase







.
:
.

.

.
.
:

: ): (Definition Phase
:
.
.
.
.
.

.
.
.
.

.

16



-:
( 1 :











.
( 2 :










[
] [
] ........


.
:
-1
.
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
17

 -6
.

: / ): (Execution / Production Phase

:
.

.

.
- -
.
.
.

.

.





.

: ): (Operational Phase
:
.
.
/
.
.
.





18





,

)
.. (..




). (1-3


,
,

,
) ( .

)
(

) (1-3

:
-1

..
-2
.
19

 -3

.
:

) - ( .


.

: ): (Finish Phase
:
.
.
[[ ]15[ ]5[ ]4
. ]25










) (

,


.

[ ]25


[. ]1
)
(
[
20

 ]15 ) ( 3.3
.

100%

6
5
4

3
2
1

5 4

13

12

11

10

21

 ) ( 3.3 -

6.3 :






.
) (

) (



.










"

) -(" [. ]7
:
) ( .
.
.
.
.

.
.
22

 .

.

.
.
.

.

.
.



,

[:]32






















23

 " " disbursement application

.

24


1.4


.

2.4 [: ]36[ ]35

.





.

1.2.4 [: ]36[ ]35

25



[
[
-:
.
.
.
.

.
.

2.2.4 [:]36

:
.


.

.



.

3.2.4 [: ]37
:
.

.
" " .

.
.

.

26

 3.4 [:]38
) (1-4
-:

) (

) (

) (

) ( 1-4

- :



.
- :


.
- :
-:
-1
.
-2
.

4-4

]The Construction master plan ]38

27









" Project terms of
" reference -:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .
-6 .

-:
-1 " " .
-2 " " .
-3 " " .


.

4-5 ]Project Work break down structure ]38

" " W.B.S
" " W.B.S
"
" W.B.S


" " W.B.S
" " W.B.S "
" work package

.

4-6 [:]37
1900
Fredric O.Taylor Henry L.Gantt
28

) (Barcharts 1956 Duithmore Duponette

Remington Rand
.
Network 1958 Sperry Rand
) CPM ( Critical Path Method
1959, 1958
Lockheed

) PERT (
1942 . Line Of Balance

" "


"Break down structure work -:
Bar chart .1 ) .Gantt chart (
) .C.P.M) Critical Path Method) .2 (
) PERT .3 (
Bar chart .1 ) .Gantt chart (

)(Bars

.


.


.
) ) .C.P.M) Critical Path Method (
.2

.




.

.
.
29

.
.

.

.
.
.

) PERT - (:
CPM

.

:

.

.
.


.

4-7 [:]39

)
(.
- :
-:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .

30

 -1
.
-2 .


"
"



) ..... (

.
- :



-:
-1 .
-2 " " Lease
.
-3 " . " Rent
- :




31



:
-1

.
-2

.

4-8 [:]36

) (.......

4-9 [: ]36

)
(



.
32

 4-10 [:]36






.

4-11 [: ]39



-1 .
-2
.
-3 .

.








.
-:
-1
.
-2
.
-3
.
-4

.
33

 -5
.

4-11-1 :






.
.

4-11-2 -:






.

4-11-3 ) ( -: deciding who

)( 4-4



-:

34

+
+
+

+
+

)(

+
+
+

) ( +

+
+
+
+
+
+

) (

" "
) (4-4

4-11-4 " -:

)
(
.

4-11-5 -:

) ( Lay Out
)
(
) (

.

4-12 [-:]37
35



,
) (Cost over run )(Cost under run

,
) (Cost Center
,
-:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .
-4 .
-5 .


.






.

4-13 [-:]38

-1 -:Data capture


:



36


-:

-2 -:Revised bar chart

Over-perform
Under perform
-3 -:Data capture bar chart


.

.
-4 -: Progress trend bar chart

.
. :
Behind schedule .
Ahead .
-5 -:
.

14- 4 [-:]39
"
" .
-:
- .
37

 - .
- .
-:
-1
.
-1

4-14-1 " -: feed back

)
( 5-4 .

" ) " ( 5-4

2- 4-14 -:


,
38


.

,





,

,

.
,

,
,



.

4-14-3 -:
) (


{
} ) (
)
(
,




.
4-14-4




39



) (
.

40


5-1 []30










.

) (

) (
-:



.

5-1-1 :



) (

.

)
( .





41

:







.....
) (





,




.

:















42

 ) (2-5
.

5-1-2 :





.

:











.




.

:


-:







43

5-1-3




.

.

:




,


.

5-2 :








.

5-2-1




) -: )( (

-1 :

)


44


(




.

-2 :


.

-3 :

-4 :

)

( .

45

1.6



.


.


46






.

"
"


.

:
-1
.
-2 .

2.6


[.]41


.
) ( 1.5
.

) ( 1.5

.
47

 3.6
[:]42
.1
.
.
.2
.3 .

.4
.

.5 .
.6 .
.7
.

.

4.6

5.6
: :





"
.


.


.



) (33.
48


% 85
) .(28

6.6

[:]45
:
"

) (1 "











.
:





) ( .

.

: .
.1
) (
.
.2

:
.
.
49

 . .
. .
.3

.
.4 ) (Pilot study


.
: ) ( Pilot Study
[: ]36
.1 :
) (5



.
.2 :
:
. .
. :

.

.
. :



:




.

.

50

 -3 :
) 1
( :
.
.
: :


.

:

) ( 11
.




.

7.6
2007



) (1987
[:]47
-1

-2

-3

-4


.
1.7.6 :

51



.


.
) ( 1
.




.
"

.
2.7.6




) -: )( (
.1

)



(




.

.2


.
.3
52



.
.4

)

( .
.5




.
.6


) 30(
.


.
3.7.6
[ ]43 :

- :


Likert Scale






). (5-1
1

5
4

.
53

 - :



.
:
"


-

.

8.6
1.8.6

((Corn Bach's Alpha


) ( 1 - 0 .
)(
) ( 1
.
( (Sekaran 60
% [.]30
((Corn Bach's Alpha [:]44

2
n s f
=
1
n 1
s 2t

: n
2
: s f .
: s 2 t .

).(0.73
.
2.8.6

.
3.8.6
54



.
.

100

100

55

56


1.7


.

2.7 :





.
28
33 % 85


.



.

3.7 :
57



) ( Excel
.

:
1.3.7 :
.1 :


.


[:]43

. :

) (1-7 ) (2
.
) (1-7

) ( %71.4
) (%17.9
) .( % 7.1

.




.

58

 ) (1 -7

. :


) (2-7 ) (2

) ( 2-7 % 42.8

%29 . %25


.



.

) (2 -7

. :

59

 ) (3-7 ) (2
.
) ( 3-7

%36
%32
% 18

.

) ( 3 -7

.
) ( 4 -7 ) (2
.
) ( 4-7 ) (%61

) (% 14
) ( % 21
) ( % 4
.

60

 ) ( 4 -7

) ( 5 -7 ) (2
.
) (5 -7 ) ( % 50

) (%50

.

) ( 5 -7

.2 :
.

61

 ) (6-7 ) (2

.
) (6-7 5
%35.7
10-5 %25

.

) ( 6 - 7

.
) ( 7-7 ) (2
) ( 7-7

) ( % 64 ) ( 28%
) ( % 4 .



.

62

 ) ( 7 - 7

.

) ( 8-7 ) (2

.
) ( 8-7
5>1%39.3
.

) :( 8-7

-1

-1

63

 ) ( 9 -7 ) (2
.

) ( 9-7 % 60



) ( % 40
.

) :( 9 -7

-2

) ( 10-7 ) (2

) ( 10-7 ) ( % 50



)( % 27



" " % 23

.

64

 ) :( 10-7

-3
) ( 11-7 ) (2
.
) ( 11-7 ) ( % 98



.

) :( 11-7

-4

) ( 12-7 ) (2

) ( 12-7 ) ( % 55

65

) :( 12-7

-5

) (13 -7 ) (2
.
) (13 -7 %50


) (



%21

%24 .

66

 ) (13 -7
.

.3 :
-1
.
) (14-7 ) (2
.
) (14-7 ) ( % 85







.

67

 ):(14-7

-2 .
) (15-7 )(2
.
) (15-7 ) ( % 87










.

) (15 -7

-3

68

 ) (16-7 ) (2

) (16-7 ) ( % 93

" "




.

) :(16-7

-4
.
) (17-7 ) (2
.
) (17-7 ) (%73

) (% 21
) .(% 6
.

69

 ) (17- 7

-5

o
o
o
o
o
o
) (18-7 ) (2

) (18-7
20%





.

%80
.

70

 ) :( 18-7

-6
.
) (19-7 ) (2
.
) (19-7 ) ( % 65









. %35
.

) :(19- 7

-7 .
) (20 -7 ) (2

71

 %60



.
%40

.

) (20 -7

-8

) (21-7 ) (2

) :(21-7
%40

%23.3 %20
%16.6

).(WBC
%100

72

 ) (21- 7 .

-9

o CPM
o GERT
o PERT
) (22-7 ) (2 ,

) (7-22 %55


) (CPM
) (GERT
) (PERT )
(CPM )
( PERT ) (PERT )(CPM
%40 )
(PERT %5 .

73

) :(22-7

-10 ..


) (23 -7 ) ( 2
) (23 -7 %40


%60 .

) :( 23 -7

-11
) (24 - 7 ) (2

74

 ) (24- 7 % 68



%10



.

) :(24-7

-12

) (25 -7 ) (2
.
) (25 -7 %60





%35

%5
.

75

 ) :(25 - 7

-13
) (26 - 7 ) (2
.
) (26 - 7 % 45
% 55






.

) :(26 - 7

-14
o
o
o
o

76

 ) (27 -7 ) (2

) (27 -7 %70









%30 .

) :( 27-7

-15



) (28-7 ) (2

.
) (28 - 7 %65


.
77

) :(28 - 7

- 16 .
o
o
o
) (29-7 ) (2
.
) (29-7 %80


.

) ( )
(
.


.
20%
.

78

 ) :(29-7 .

-17
-:
o
o
o
) (30- 7 ) (2

) ( 30 -7 %60




.


.
%40


.

79

 ) :(30-7 .

-18

) (31- 7 ) (2
.
) (31-7 ) ( % 60

" "


( (% 40

) .....
(

.

) :(31-7

80

 -19

) (32-7 ) (2
.
) (32-7 ) ( % 45

.
( (% 55


.

) :(32-7
.

-20

) (33- 7 ) (2

) (33-7 ) ( % 50



( (% 50



" "

.

81

 ) :(33-7

-21

) (34- 7 ) (2

) (34-7 ) ( % 60
%40
.

) :(34-7

-22

) (35- 7 ) (2 ) (35- 7

) (35- 7 ) ( % 60
Microsoft project
82

) ( % 40
.

) (35- 7

/23
) (36-7 ) (2 ) (36-7 %85


%15

.

) :(36- 7

-2

-1
83

 ) (37 - 7 ) (2

) (37 - 7 ) ( % 60









" " % 15
% 25
.

) :(37 - 7

-2

) (38 - 7 ) (2
.
) (38 - 7 ) ( % 83






.

84

 ) :(38 - 7

-3

) (39 - 7 ) (2

) ( % 91





.

) :(39 - 7

-4

) (40 - 7 ) (2
.

85

 ) ( %63






.

) :(40 - 7

-5

) (41 - 7 ) (2
.
) ( %40



.
) ( % 60
.

86

 ) :(41- 7

-6

) (42- 7 ) (2

) ( % 64

.

) :(42- 7

-7 .
) (43-7 ) (2 %40


%10
. %10

87

 %5.


%35 .

) :(43- 7

-8

) (44- 7 ) (2

) ( % 70






.
) ( % 30
.

88

 ) :(44- 7

-9

) (45- 7 ) (2
.
) ( %88




.

) :(45- 7 .

-10

) (46- 7 ) (2

) ( % 60


) (%40
.

89

 ) :(46- 7

-11 .
) (47- 7 ) (2
.
) ( % 72

" " % 28








.

) :(47- 7 .

-12

90

 ) (48- 7 ) (2
(% (92.8

) ( % 3.6 )
. (%3.6



.

) :( 48- 7

-13


) ( 53-7 ) (2
(% (90.8


) ( % 5.6 ) . ( %3.6


.

91

 ) (49-7

-14
.

.

) (50- 7
-:
- 1 ) ( % 6.53

) ( % 1.32
) ( % 14.3
.
- 2 ) (% 60.6

) (% 21.5
).(%17.9
- 3 ) ( % 85.8


) ( % 10.6 ) ( %3.6

.
- 4 ) (% 82.1

)(% 14.3
) (%3.6
.

92

 - 5 ) (% 42.8


) (% 25 ).(% 32.2

.

) :(50- 7
.

-15



) ( 51 - 7
-:
- 1 (% (78.6


).(%7.1

.
- 2 (% (85.7


93

 ) .(%3.6
.
-3 (% (78.6


) .(%14.3

.

) :(51- 7

.
/16
) (52-7 ) (2 ) (52-7 %100




.

94

 ) :(52-7

95



1.8


.


.



.
.

2.8
1. 2 .8



.


-:
:

96

 -1

.
-2


.
-3
.
-4
.
-5



.
-6

2. 2 .8

.1

:
.1


.
.2
.
.3
.
.4
.
.5

.

.2 :
97

 .1 5
.
.2
.
.3
5>1
.

.3 :
.1

.
.2
.
.3

.

.4 :


-:
.1


"
.
.2

:

((WBS
.

.

.
.

.
98

 .3


.
.4
. Microsoft project
.5


.
.6


.
.7

.
.8
:
.1 .
.2
.
.3 .
.4 .
.5 .
.6
.
.7
.
-:


.

3.8 :




.

:
99

 .1

.
.2


.
.3
.
.4




.
.5

.
.6


..
.7



.
.8

.
.9


.
.10




.
.11

100



.12
.
.13


.

4.8 :



:
-1 .
-2 .
-3 .

101

102

1. Harold T. Amrine, John A. Ritchey and Oliver S. Hulley, 1975, Manufacturing

Organization and Management, Prentice-Hall, Inc.
2. Abdu Rezak A. Abounahia, 1998, Construction Delays Causes and Consequences, A
thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering Management, Al
Fateh University, Tripoli, Lybia.
3. Degoff, R. A., Friedman, H. A., 1985, Construction Management - Basic Principles for
Architect, Engineer, and Owners, John Wiley, New York.
4. J. Davidson, 1995, Managing Projects in Organizations, 2nd edition, Jossey - Bass Inc.,
California, USA.
5. S. W. Nunnally, 1980, Construction methods and management, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall, Inc.
. " " .6
. - " " 1994 . .7
8. Clough, S. and Sears, R . 1979, Construction Project Management, John Wiley, New
York.
9. Bentill, K.K. 1998, Construction Management, Gower - press, London.
10. Merdith, J. R. and Mantel, S. J. 1989, Project Management - A management Approach,
John Wiley and Sons, Singapore.
11. Fulkerson, 1961, Network Flow Computation for Project, J. of Const. Div.,
ASCE.
12. Ahuja H. N., 1984, Successful Methods in Cost Engineering, John Wiley, New York.
13. Perera, 1980, Linear Programming Solution to Network Compression,
Construction Div., ASCE

J.

14. Robins P. Stephen and Robinsturt Kotze, 1988, Management Concepts and
Application, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall.

" " 1999 .15

. -

16. Brook M., 1993, Estimating and Tendering for Construction Work, Butterworth Heinemann Oxford.
17. Nittany Engineers and Management Consultants, Inc., 1985, A Synthesis of the
Prequalification Procedures of Six State Departments of Transportation, A Report for
the Federal Highway Administration, National Tech., Information Service USA.

103

18. NEDO, 1985, Project Control and Organization - Guide lines for the Management of
Major Construction Projects, Publication, London.
19. Hardy, S. C., Bid Evaluation Study for the World Bank, Vol. 1, University of
Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, UK.
20. Hamza, Abdul Rahman, 1993, The management and cost of quality for civil
engineering projects A Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Engineering, University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, Manchester,
UK.
21. Hindle & Rwelamila, 1993.
22. Michael Latham, M., 1994, Construction the team - Joint Government / Industry Review
of Procurement and Contractual Arrangements in the UK, Construction Industry Final
Report, HMSO. London
23. Mohamed Abd. El-Messlati, 1997, Incorporating Analysis of Past Performance in
Selection of Contractors, A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Science,
Department of Building Engineering, UMIST, UK.
24. Walker, 1989, Project Management in Construction, BSP, Professional Books, Oxford,
London.
25..NEDO ( National Economic Development Office ), 1985, A Report titled Thinking
about Building , Crown, London, UK.
. " " 1995 . .26
27. Kloppenborg T. J., 1987, Trade off of Objectives over Project Life Cycles,
Dissertation, University of Cincinnati.

Ph D.

28. Joseph J. Moder & Cecil R. Phillips, 1987, Project Management With CPM and PERT,
2nd edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York.
29. Meyer, W. L. and Shaffer, L.R., Extending CPM for Multiform Project Time - Cost, J.
Const. Div, ASCE.
1989 - " .30
. ( ) - " 1998
31. Cusack, M, 1985, Optimization of Time and Cost, Int. Conference, New York.
International Expertise
.

.32
" " 1997 Association

" 1999 . . .33

. 2 6 "

104

34. Hendickson C,Au T., 1989, Project Management for Construction, Prentice Hall, New
Jersey.
35. Kerzner, Harold, 1989, Project Management: A System Approach to Planning,
Scheduling and Controlling, 3rd Ed, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA.
.36 " 1996
.37 " "
.38 " 1999
.39 " " 2000
. 40 "
1998.
.41 - " : 2002 .
. 42 " " : 1994 .
.43 " : ).(1997

.44 " " 2000 .

.45 " " : 2002 .
.64 " : 1999 .
.47 " :
1996

105

 ) (1
)(

106

 ) (2

107