Chem 16 Properties Intensive / Intrinsic independent Extensive / Extrinsic dependent Endothermic Absorbs heat/energy Exothermic Releases heat/energy

Element (Atomic/Molecular) Substance Compound (Molecular only) Matter Homogeneous Solution

Mixtures

Suspension (>1mm size) Heterogeneous Colloids (<1mm size)

Atom Democritus John Dalton J.J. Thomson Robert A. Millikan Eugene Goldstein Ernest Rutherford Henry G.J. Moseley James Chadwick

Atomos first model is a hard sphere - Atomic Theory Plum Pudding Model - Cathode Ray Tube - Electron - charge and mass of electron - Canal rays - Proton - The atom is mostly empty space - Nucleus (of protons and neutrons) - Nearly all of the atoms mass is in the nucleus - proton = electrons - Neutron

Magic Numbers Of Atomic Numbers 2 8 20 28 50 82 Types of Radioactive Decays Neutron Rich Beta emission Neutron Emission Neutron Poor Electron Capture Positron Emission Of Atomic Number greater than 83 Alpha Emission Nuclear Fission Of combined elements and types of decays Rates of Decay and Half Life Formulas ( )