Intersleek Presentation

Introduction to Intersleek
Agenda
Intersleek
Customer needs for fouling control Fouling control options Intersleek Technology Intersleek700 silicone technology Intersleek900 fluoropolymer technology Environmental footprint
All products supplied and technical advice or recommendations given are subject to our standard Conditions of Sale.
Marine Coatings May 2010
Agenda
Intersleek
Customer needs
Intersleek
Minimise fuel costs Safe for the environment Less engine wear Long-life coatings High speed Readiness for war Noise minimisation Time on station
Why is fouling-control needed?
Intersleek
Effect of fouling on the hull

MICRO-FOULING = SLIME
Intersleek
The control of surface roughness and of fouling is essential to keep hulls as smooth as possible, and thus minimise drag. Our primary aim is to sell smooth hulls. Fouling-control coatings are the best way of achieving this.
MACRO-FOULING = WEED & ANIMAL
Slime fouling: 1-2% increase in drag
Weed fouling: Up to 10% increase in drag
Shell fouling: Up to 40% increase in drag
Hull roughness
Intersleek
Measuring Hull Roughness

Hull Roughness Machine
Intersleek
Hull roughness is determined through a physical method using the BMT
Corrosion & Cracking
Detachment
Surface Probe
Cold Flow Touch-up repairs
Measuring Hull Roughness
Intersleek
The effect of roughness
Intersleek
The surface probe is run across the surface and a number of runs are carried out on a hull of a vessel to generate a hull roughness:
The BMT AHR gauge measures Rt which is the average peak-totrough height over a distance of one metre Surfaces with high Rt values also tend to have short wavelengths ( , distance between peaks) High Rt and short result in higher levels of drag compared to low Rt and long
Number of Readings
Average Average
Rt
Smooth surface
Smooth Hull
Rough Hull
Rough surface
Rt
Peak to trough height (microns)
The effect of roughness
Intersleek
Agenda
Intersleek
Water flows more easily over a surface with a lower Rt and longer wavelength Laminar Flow
Smooth Surface
Water flow cannot traverse short wavelength and is disrupted turbulence results
Turbulent Flow
Rough Surface
Fouling control options
Intersleek
Fouling control options
Intersleek
NonBIOCIDAL
Fluoropolymer
There are two main fouling control technologies currently available: Biocidal Antifoulings Non-Biocidal Foul Release Coatings Vessel Efficiency Biocidal antifoulings can be sub-divided into: Self-polishing Copolymer (SPC) = Intersmooth SPC Hybrid SPC = Interswift Controlled Depletion (CDP) = Interspeed Non-biocidal foul release coatings can be subdivided into: Silicone = Intersleek700 Fluoropolymer = Intersleek900
Silicone
SPC
BIOCIDAL
HYBRID
CDP
Cost/m2
Agenda
Intersleek
Intersleek Products
Intersleek
Two main products exist in the Intersleek product range: Intersleek700 Based on pure silicone technology Option for scheduled vessels with speeds 15knots and activities 70% Intersleek900 Based on fluoropolymer technology Option for all vessels with speeds 10knots and activities 20%
Customer needs for fouling control Fouling control options Intersleek technology Intersleek700 silicone technology Intersleek900 fluoropolymer technology Environmental footprint
History of Intersleek
1996 Intersleek425 silicone foul release system for >25 knots launched
Intersleek
2008 100 vessels coated with Intersleek900 2005 100 deep sea vessels with Intersleek700 2009 >600 vessels coated with Intersleek technology
Intersleek Products
Intersleek
Intersleek Vessel Compatibility

20000 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 0
Seamiles/month
1971 Intersleek technology patented
Early 1980s Concern grows over use of TBT
Intersleek700 Intersleek900
Activity
20% 35% 70% 100%
1970 Present 1974 TBT SPC becomes market leader 1991 TBT banned in Japan 2003 TBT banned Worldwide
1999 Intersleek700 silicone foul release for deep sea launched
2007 Intersleek900 patented fluoropolymer foul release for >10 knots launched
10
15
20
25
Speed (knots)
Agenda
Intersleek

Silicone Technology
Intersleek700
Intersleek 700 is based on pure silicone technology Launched in 1999 in response to pending TBT legislation as an alternative to biocidal antifoulings Main ingredient is PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) Silicon Oxygen Carbon Hydrogen
System cures to form an elastomeric coating

Silicone Technology
Intersleek700
Silicone Technology
Intersleek700
Intersleek700 is Free of biocides with fouling control through physical means only Low VOC making it compliant to all current solvent control legislation Contains no toxic materials helping to reduce the impact of the coating on the vessels green passport Chemically durable resulting in long life on the vessel
Intersleek700 works through creating a hydrophobic (water-hating), surface with low energy Silicones are inherently hydrophobic resulting in high contact angles and beading of water on the surface
Silicone Technology

Intersleek700

Performance
Yugohe First Chinese operator to use Intersleek700 Vessel now upgraded to Intersleek900
Intersleek700
The hydrophobic surface of Intersleek700 makes it difficult for fouling organisms to form a strong bond Any organisms that attach during static periods are easily removed
Se amile s/tonne bunke rs consume d
6.80 6.60 6.40 6.20 6.00 5.80 5.60 5.40 5.20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

voyages
6.42 Nm/te.fuel
Intersleek 700 Antifouling
sea m iles /tonne
6.07 Nm/te.fuel
10
11
12
13
Performance
Polar Discovery 125,000DWT Tanker
Intersleek700

Performance
Alphard Star 300,000DWT VLCC 0.9 knot increase in loaded conditions 0.2 knot increase in ballast conditions 4.5% fuel savings
Intersleek700
August 2003 Rated 16 knots

Environmental compliance Double engine, rudder, prop, hull Full double redundancy
March 2006, 31 months Trading speed 17 knots

Speed increase with higher charter rate or reduce speed and save fuel
Performance
Alphard Star 24 months performance
Intersleek700

Performance
Ramlah 4.7 days per trip saved 7.3 tonne/day reduction
Intersleek700
Ramlah- Intersleek 700 vs. Fleet Average Ramlah Loaded Ballast Days Time Distance (Miles) Av Speed (Knots) Av. TPD Voyage con (Te) 34.0 815.0 12,402.0 15.2 88.2 2,996.0 16.1 387.0 6,508.0 16.8 88.9 1,431.0 50.1 Fleet average 37.4 Loaded (25) 897.5 12,439.0 13.9 86.9 3,251.0 17.4 Ballast (14) 418.1 6,547.4 15.7 88.4 1,540.0 54.8 Hours -82.5 -31.1 Intersleek benefit -3.4 -1.3 -4.7 days Speed Speed 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.5 1.8 255.0 109.0 364.0 Te 7.3 Te/day Revs. Av 65.9 66.1
62.9 63.4
7.5 6.8 7.3
127,400.0 $/vovage 2,543.8 $/day
763,128.1 $/year
Charterer Influence
Intersleek700

Charterer Influence
Northwest Shearwater 62,520 DWT LNG 59 months performance Speed within the charter agreement
Intersleek700
APL Canada Charterer paid extra for Intersleek700 to be applied

Charterer Influence
Olympia Owned by Euronav and chartered by Total Launched at HHI September 2008 After fitting-out, immediately transferred to Dubai and upgraded to Intersleek700 using Intersleek717 link-coat Sister vessel Antartica completed in February 2009
Intersleek700
Track Record
Intersleek700
Intersleek700 has been applied to the full underwater hull of over 375* deep sea vessels
Numbe r of Full Vessels Coate d with Inte rsleek 700
70
65 59 53 50
64
60
50 Number of Vessels
40
30
26 17 7 4 4
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
20
18
10
0 1999
*May 2010
Track Record
Intersleek700
Performance
Intersleek700
4.4% average
Types of Vessels with Intersleek 700 Applied
Customer generated fuel savings 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Eu ro Eu con ro t 1 co n AP t 2 Eu co ro nt Eu con ro t 3 c Av AP ont er 4 ag e con Co t 2 nt ai n M er M EL E N ta G M nke E r Eu tan 1 k r Av o ta e r 2 n er ag ker e ta 1 Eu nke ro r fe Eu US rry ro fe r O fa ve st ry ra fe ll a rry ve ra ge
140
133
120
100
88
Number of Vessels 80
60
41
40
34 15 21 11
Reefer Ferry
20
10
Navy Tanker
13 4
Bulker PCC
% fuel saved
0 Cruise Container Gas Carrier OSV
*May 2010
Intersleek700 can give an average of 4% fuel savings savings

Agenda
Intersleek

Fluoropolymer Foul Release Features
Intersleek900
Biocide-free Balanced surface energy profile Ultra-smooth surface Very good resistance to mechanical damage Controls fouling on most vessels (10knots) Can be applied over existing SPC systems with use of Intersleek717 linkcoat Intersleek systems direct
Fluoropolymer technology
Intersleek900
Fluoropolymer technology
Intersleek900
Fluoropolymer technology provides an amphiphilic surface An amphiphilic surface is one which displays both hydrophobic (as with pure silicones) and hydrophilic tendencies at the same time The fluoropolymer technology in Intersleek900 achieves this through a carefully controlled chemical arrangement giving the following structure at the surface
Marine fouling organisms (e.g. barnacles, tubeworms) have preferences for either hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces Making a surface that is wholly hydrophilic or hydrophobic will result in preferential settlement of organisms that prefer a particular type of surface A balanced amphiphilic surface of Intersleek900 minimises the interactions with a wider range of fouling organisms
Hydrophilic terminus
Hydrophobic main chain
Hydrophilic terminus
Intersleek900 Vs Silicones
S s1 c ie pe
Intersleek900
Sp ec ies 2
Suitable trading patterns

Unprecedented reductions in Average Hull Roughness (AHR) Superior foul release capabilities
Intersleek900
ALL VESSEL TYPES
Hydrophobic adhesive protein
Hydrophilic adhesive protein
Fluoropolymer
Intersleek 900
Amphiphilic surface (both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties)
Improved resistance to mechanical damage

18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 1 3 5 7 9
Seamiles/month
Intersleek 900 Intersleek 700
Primary result Secondary result 25% smoother 100% better hold-up 38% better coefficient of friction 35% higher gloss 40% better foul-release properties 60% reduction in overspray 80% better static performance 50% less slime
Intersleek 900 Intersleek 900
100% 70% 40% 20%
11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 Speed (knots)
10
Benefits

Intersleek900
Fluoropolymer Foul Release
Intersleek900
Proven fuel savings of up to 9% + over SPC type antifoulings Proven fuel savings of up to 10% + over CDP type antifoulings Reduced stack emissions Through life cost savings Potential speed improvements Reduced maintenance costs Reduced operational costs
Intersleek900 Fluoropolymer Technology

Surface Roughness
Intersleek900
TBT-Free SPC
Decrease in AHR
Intersleek900
Intersleek900
Intersleek700
RT average = 54
RT average = 65
RT average = 125
Cruise Liner: 62 microns AHR
Tanker: 63 microns AHR
Tanker: 71 microns AHR
11
Intersleek900

Coefficient of Friction
Intersleek900

Skin Friction is measured using flat plates, drag testing or cavitation tunnels. Skin friction is the measure of the resistance of a coating to passing water The coating that offers the least resistance of the hull passing through water will reduce power required by the vessel to maintain the desired speed. Intersleek 900 fluoropolymer has been compared to silicone foul release coatings using an axi-symmetric body in a cavitation tunnel
Cavitation Tunnel
Intersleek900
Skin Friction Results
7.65 7.60
Intersleek900
Axi-symmetric body
Drag (Newtons)
7.55 7.50 7.45 7.40 7.35 7.30 7.25 7.20 Smooth Aluminium Silicone Intersleek 900
Water flow
12
Examples
Mercator Lines Ltd Opted for fuel savings on their vessels Prem Pride 6% for vertical sides only in Intersleek 900 Prem Divya 9% for whole underwater area
Intersleek
Examples
Inco Ships Pty Ltd Opted for speed improvement on their vessel Ikuna coated in 2006 has consistently shown a 10% increase in speed over the last three years
Intersleek900
Examples
Wightlink Opted for speed improvement on their vessel Fastcat Ryde showed 2 knot increase after application of Intersleek900
Intersleek
Intersleek900

13
Foul Release Properties
Intersleek900
Intersleek900
Foul release capabilities are measured using the ASTM 5168 Barnacle Push-Off test Fluoropolymer system Intersleek900 has significantly lower barnacle adhesive strength than any other coating
2500
Shear Adhesion Strength (kPA)
Foul release capabilities are measured using the ASTM 5168 Barnacle Push-Off test Fluoropolymer system Intersleek900 has significantly lower barnacle adhesive strength than any other coating
45
Shear Adhesion Strength (kPA)
2000 1500 1000 500 0

Epoxy* PTFE* Silicone Foul Intersleek 900 Release
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Silicone Foul Release Intersleek 900

Intersleek900
Intersleek900
Independent testing by Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) using their powerboat showed excellent foul release performance on a vessel situation Foil mounted in rear of 7m powerboat Speed of boat varied and maintained at set speeds for 1 minute intervals and force data, water velocity and video image captured
INSTRUMENTED FOIL Test Procedure Holds ~ 25cm x 30 cm test panel Panels mounted on floating element force balance Underwater video camera mounted adjacent to test section (Strain gauges and circuitry produces linear voltage response) Data logger records drag force Pilot-static measures hydrodynamic pressure (Determines flow velocity)
14
Intersleek900
Intersleek900
Foul Release Capabilities An LNG coated with Intersleek900 was laid up at Trinidad for four months Vessel was inspected prior to leaving port and found to have 70% barnacle coverage The vessel was inspected after one trip across to Spain with cargo and showed very little fouling. The flat bottom was coated with a biocidal paint where barnacles were still adherent
Original Fouling Condition
Foul release capabilities at ~5 knots

Intersleek900
Intersleek900
Foul Release Capabilities Tanker with vertical sides coated in Intersleek900 has been undergoing conversion to a FSO in Dubai Condition of the vessel during drydocking after 9 months static:
Foul Release Capabilities Tanker with vertical sides coated in Intersleek900 has been undergoing conversion to a FSO in Dubai Condition during washing:
15
Intersleek900
Static Performance
Intersleek900

Corona Ace, May 2009, 31 months in-service Before washing
Static Performance
Intersleek900
Static Performance
Ikuna Dive inspection after 37 months General fouling performance Light slime in all areas
Intersleek900
Corona Ace, May 2009, 31 months in-service Before washing
16
Static Performance
General fouling performance Light slime in all areas Fouling on inactive anodes and old block areas
Intersleek900
Intersleek900

Lower Slime
Intersleek900
Lower Slime
Intersleek900 test patch 49 months in-service 14,927 DWT car carrier 20 knots
Intersleek900
Operators enjoying the benefits of using Intersleek700 have raised concerns about the slime that sometimes builds up Intersleek900 technology has combined surface effect modifications and ultra-low smoothness to reduce the slime build up by around 50%
17
Lower Slime
Intersleek900 test patch VLCC 59 months in service Significantly reduced slime compared to silicone system
Intersleek900
Lower slime
Gas carrier test patch after 24 months
Intersleek900
Intersleek900
Intersleek 700 Silicone
Intersleek700
Intersleek 900 Fluoropolymer

Test patch inspection 3rd Oct 2006, 7 months in service

Lower slime
Intersleek900
Lower slime
Intersleek900
Test patch applications continue to show improved slime resistance of Intersleek900 fluoropolymer compared to Intersleek700 silicone
Zekreet, 30 months
Intersleek900
Intersleek700
Test patch inspection 3rd Oct 2006, 7 months in service

18
Lower slime
Western Pride Survey Vessel 31 months in-service West African coast
Intersleek900
Lower slime
Post Panamax Container 24 months in-service Areas of flat bottom were completed in Intersleek700 during construction Significant improvement in slime formation for Intersleek900 900 700
Intersleek900
700
900
700
700
Fluoropolymer foul release
Intersleek900
Track Record
Intersleek900

Primary result Secondary result 25% smoother 100% better hold-up 38% better coefficient of friction 35% higher gloss 40% better foul-release properties 60% reduction in overspray 80% better static performance 60% better abrasion resistance 50% less slime
Number of Full Vessels with Intersleek 900
120 100 Number of Vessels 80 60 40 20 0 2006 2007 2008 Year 2009 2010
*May 2010
19
Track Record
Intersleek900
Agenda
Intersleek
Types of Vessels coated with Intersleek 900
60
50
40 Number of Vessels
Customer needs as regards fouling control Fouling control options Intersleek technology Intersleek700 silicone technology Intersleek900 fluoropolymer technology Environmental footprint
30
20
10
0
Cruise Container Gas Carrier OSV Reefer Ferry Navy Tanker Bulker PCC Small Craft Fishing Product Tanker
*May 2010
Vessel Environmental Footprint

Bunker consumption
Intersleek
Stack emissions
Vessel Environmental Footprint Intersleek900 benefits Down by at least 6%

Reduced lifetime paint consumption Raw material consumption No toxic materials used
Bunker consumption
Intersleek
Down by at up to 9%
Stack emissions
Raw material consumption
Hazardous Materials (Green Passport)
Hazardous Materials (Green Passport)
Biocide release from antifoulings
General waste Biofouling (invasive species) Oily Water Ballast water (invasive species)
Biocide release Biofouling (invasive species) from antifoulings No release of No transport of biocides or toxicAll products supplied and technical advice or recommendations given are subject to our standard Conditions of Sale. animal or plant materials at any time species
General waste Oily Water Ballast water (invasive species)

20
Agenda
Intersleek
Thank you
Intersleek
Courtesy of Samsung Heavy Ind.
Customer needs as regards fouling control Fouling control options Intersleek technology Intersleek700 silicone technology Intersleek900 fluoropolymer technology Environmental footprint
21

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Introduction to Intersleek

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Why is fouling-control needed?

Effect of fouling on the hull

MACRO-FOULING = WEED & ANIMAL

Slime fouling: 1-2% increase in drag

Weed fouling: Up to 10% increase in drag

Shell fouling: Up to 40% increase in drag

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Measuring Hull Roughness

Hull roughness is determined through a physical method using the BMT

Corrosion & Cracking

Marine Coatings May 2010

Measuring Hull Roughness

The effect of roughness

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

The effect of roughness

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Fouling control options

Fouling control options

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Intersleek Vessel Compatibility

1971 Intersleek technology patented

Early 1980s Concern grows over use of TBT

1999 Intersleek700 silicone foul release for deep sea launched

Marine Coatings May 2010

System cures to form an elastomeric coating

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Se amile s/tonne bunke rs consume d

6.80 6.60 6.40 6.20 6.00 5.80 5.60 5.40 5.20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

sea m iles /tonne

Marine Coatings May 2010

August 2003 Rated 16 knots

March 2006, 31 months Trading speed 17 knots

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

7.5 6.8 7.3

127,400.0 $/vovage 2,543.8 $/day

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

APL Canada Charterer paid extra for Intersleek700 to be applied

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Customer generated fuel savings 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

0 Cruise Container Gas Carrier OSV

Intersleek700 can give an average of 4% fuel savings savings

Marine Coatings May 2010

Marine Coatings May 2010

Fluoropolymer Foul Release Features

Marine Coatings May 2010