Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Scott Laramee / Eric Rosenbaum NFPA World Fire Safety Congress May 2003
Agenda
Overview
of performance-based
design Outline SFPE guide and process Review application to project Questions
Empirical
greater design flexibility Sometimes more cost effective (e.g., large complex buildings) Provides an environment which encourages new ideas (i.e., encourages engineering)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Identifying Goals
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Defining Objectives
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
Project Scope
Identify stakeholders and role Consider project attributes Boundaries of the PBD portion of the design
Stakeholders
Department
of Licenses and
Inspections Fire Department Building owners and management Insurance Designers; Architect and Engineers
Project Attributes
2,500
Building Characteristics
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Identifying Goals
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
Life safety Property protection Continuity of operations Limit environmental impact of fire
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Defining Objectives
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
Objectives
More detailed than a goal Often stated as acceptable loss or risk May be injury or death, cost, or loss of downtime or critical equipment Might be equivalency to a prescriptive code or insurance requirement
Stakeholders Objectives
No loss of life outside of area of fire origin No significant thermal damage outside of room of fire origin Design in fiscally responsible manner Maintain creative design for intended function (performing art center)
Design Objectives
Result from quantification of stakeholder objectives Can be deterministic or probabilistic Focus is on the damage target(s)
Building,
Design Objectives
Maintain tenable conditions during egress Prevent flashover of the area of fire origin Minimize the likelihood of fire spread beyond the space/room of fire origin Limit the thermal damage to areas beyond the area of fire origin
affect occupant ability to egress (life safety) Prevent smoke migration to other areas of the building (property protection)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
Performance Criteria
Threshold values, ranges, or distributions Used to evaluate trial designs Forms the basis for identifying the set of candidate designs from which the final design will be selected
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
Building Characteristics
Building Characteristics
Building Characteristics
Occupant Characteristics
Human behavior Response characteristics Evacuation times
Design Fire
3000
Sofa
2000
1500
1000
Medium Fire Kiosk
500
200
400
800
1000
1200
Design Fire
Smoke Yield (kg/kg)1 Heat of Combustion (Btu/lbm)2 13,030
2Tewarson[1995] 3Babrauskas
0.013
1Nelson
[1990]
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
Final Design
Given fire produces the same amount of particulate Amount of smoke increases because of air entrainment
V = 20.8 Qc H
3
+ 3.98Qc
Fire
Dilute Smoke = S2
Dense Smoke = S1 10 ft
100 ft
Roof Garden
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
of large ceiling as smoke reservoir Verification of tenability (computer modeling) Manual vents provided
PBD Process
Defining Project Scope Identifying Goals Design Brief Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
No Modify Design or Objectives Selected Design Meets Performance Criteria Yes Select Final Design Performance Based Design Report (Chapter 12)
PBD Report
Formal submittal
Details
Other Documentation
engineers
Summary / Conclusions
Process in SFPE Guide works Specific application for smoke control Used for other features also
Summary / Conclusions
Questions