UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS Faculty of Pharmacy An Outcomes-Based Teaching-Learning Program for Pharmaceutical Calculations 2nd Semester, A.Y.

2012-2013

Course Title: Course Number: Credit Units: Contact Hours: Course Placement: Pre requisites: Course Facilitator:

Pharmaceutical Calculations PHAR 2 3 Unit lecture 3 lecture hours per week, 18 weeks per semester First year, 2nd semester PHAR 1 Assoc. Prof. Sandra C. Sy, M.Sci., Ms. Mary Catherine C. Chua, M.Ed.

Course Description: Introduces beginning students to the metrology and calculations of pharmacy. Provides insights and understanding of the language of pharmaceutical calculations, interpretation of prescription and medication orders, fundamental concepts of pharmaceutical and pharmaco-economic calculations. Students are expected to engage in the analysis of the application of the concepts as they relate to the pharmacy practice in a variety of settings, including community, institutional, hospital and industrial pharmacy.

Approved by: Date of Approval:

Prof. Priscilla M. Torres, Ph.D. Dean October 29, 2012

INSTITUTIONAL INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME PROGRAM INTENDED LEARNING (GRADUATE ATTRIBUTES) OUTCOME Academic Excellence Demonstrate creative application of Show expertise in the competencies necessary to concepts and methods of pharmacy the practice of profession practice geared towards the advancement of various fields of Pharmacy. Leadership and Teamwork Assume leadership roles as appropriate Demonstrate capacity for leadership and teamwork to the work profession and society including the ability to motivate others, to be effectively and harmoniously as responsible and reliable members of healthcare teams. Critical Thinking, Research and Problem Solving Demonstrate critical application of Skills principles, theories and processes in Initiate innovative ideas and methods through pharmacy using logical and systematic research responsive to the changing needs of the methods to provide practical solutions to society real-life professional situations. Productivity and Accountability Generate insights and new knowledge in Develop new knowledge and understanding that pharmacy that will contribute to nationwill contribute to nation-building and sustainable building and sustainable development development through the processes of inquiry, through drug designs and development research and innovation for the prevention, diagnosis, mitigation and treatment of diseases of man and animals. Social and Ethical Responsibility Exhibit Catholic values and moral Uphold Catholic values and moral principles principles reflective of the Thomasian reflective of a competent, committed and identity as health care professionals in compassionate Thomasian in the formation of the formation of humanely progressive humanely progressive and healthy society and healthy society. Communication and Relational Skills Apply effective communication Develop effective communication competencies competencies through interpersonal through interpersonal skills and utilize information skills and utilize information technology technology responsibly as an effective tool in responsibly as an effective tool in exploring and expressing ideas . exploring and expressing ideas individually and collaboratively, and in maintaining therapeutic relationships by providing drug and health related information

COURSE INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME 1. Utilize the language of Pharmaceutical Calculations in preparing solutions and medication orders 2. Lead designated peer groups in solving problems related to Pharmaceutical Calculations 3. Demonstrate critical thinking and inquiry skills in evaluating prescriptions and medication orders 4. Provide accurate quantities and strength of pharmaceutical preparations to assure the public of its safety and effectiveness 5. Interpret and fill-out prescriptions and medication orders accurately by applying legal and ethical standards in the practice of pharmacy 6. Communicate effectively to patients what is written on prescriptions and provide accurate health related information

 INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME Apply the correct system of measurement in carrying out medication orders (CILO 1) Apply accurately the language of pharmaceutical calculations in carrying out medication orders (CILO 1) Interpret accurately prescriptions for patients (CILO 6) Recognize a valid prescription (CILO 1) Describe by group the different dosage forms using actual samples in class(CILO 2) Demonstrate accuracy in interpreting, evaluating and carrying out prescriptions and medication orders (CILO 4) Apply density, specific gravity and specific volume in solving problems (CILO 1) Use appropriate methods in expressing the strength of pharmaceutical preparations (CILO 1) Evaluate strength and dosage prescribed or written on prescriptions and medication orders (CILO 5) Apply the correct method of diluting and concentrating pharmaceutical preparations (CILO 1) CONTENT UNIT I Language of Pharmaceutical Calculations 1.1 Systems of Measurement International system of units Apothecaries System Avoirdupois system 1.2 Latin Terms and Medical Terms used in Medication Orders UNIT II Reading Prescriptions 1.1 Parts of a Prescription Symbols used in prescription 1.2 Types of Dosage Forms UNIT III Fundamental Concepts of Pharmaceutical Calculations 1.1 Density, Specific Gravity and Specific Volume 1.2 Methods of Expressing Concentration 1.3 Dosage Calculation 1.4 Methods of Dilution and Concentration TEACHING-LEARNING ACTVITIES Work along exercises Reading text materials Work Along Activities Role Playing Lecture-demonstration Problem Solving Group Cooperative Group Assignment Role Playing Work Along Activities Lecture-Demonstration Work Along Exercises Mini Case Lecture-Demonstration ASSESSMENT Problem Set Objective Test

Case Studies Case Studies Objective Test Reflective Exercises Problem Set Problem Set Case Studies Problem Set

Calculate the correct strengths of substances using alligation in preparing pharmaceutical mixtures (CILO 3) Calculate accurately the quantities of ingredients required in reduction and scale-up production ( CILO 3) Calculate the cost in selling price of pharmaceutical products or merchandises (CILO 1) REFERENCES:

1.5 Methods of Alligation 1.6 Reducing and Enlarging Formulas

Work Along Exercises Work Along Exercises

Problem Set Problem Set

UNIT IV Selected Pharmaco-economic Calculations 1.1 Calculating Mark-up and Discount of Pharmaceutical Products

Problem Solving Learning

Problem Set

Pharmaceutical Calculations (13th Edition) by Mitchell J. Stocklosa and Howard C. Ansel Boundy,J. and Stockert,P. Calculation of Medication Dosages: Practical Strategies to Ensure Safety and Accuracy. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008 Khan, Mansoor A. Pharmaceutical and Clinical Calculations. 2nd Ed. Lancaster, PA: Technomic, 2000. Pickar, Gloria D. Dosage Calculations. Albany: Delmar, 1999. Rees, J.A., Smith, I. and Smith, B. Introduction to Pharmaceutical Calculations. 2nd Ed. London: Pharmaceutical Press. 2005 Winfield, A. and Edafiogho, I. Calculations for Pharmaceutical Practice. Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2005. GRADING SYSTEM: GRADING PERIOD QUIZZES PORTFOLIO LONG EXAM RAW GRADE PERCENTAGE WEIGHT PRELIMINARY 50% 10% 40% 100% 50% FINAL 50% 10% 40% 100% 50% FINAL RAW GRADE: 100% COURSE POLICY: At least 80% attendance Passing rate : 75%

TENTATIVE COURSE CALENDAR

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 WEEK 1 2 3 CONTENT UNIT I Language of Pharmaceutical Calculations UNIT II Reading Prescriptions UNIT III Fundamental Concepts of Pharmaceutical Calculations Density, Specific Gravity and Specific Volume Methods of Expressing Concentration Pharmacy Week Methods of Expressing Concentration Dosage Calculation Dosage Calculation PRELIMS Methods of Dilution and Concentration Methods of Alligation Reducing and Enlarging Formulas UNIT IV Selected Pharmaco-economic Calculations Calculating Mark-up and Discount of Pharmaceutical Products FINALS