UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF LAW Diliman, Quezon City MOCK BAR (SET 2) EXAMINATIONS 2012 CRIMINAL LAW

Part I: MULTIPLE CHOICE (75 pts.) INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the correct answer by shading the circle of the corresponding letter of your answer. Do not write anything in the questionnaire. You have FIFTY (50) minutes to complete this part of the exam. ANSWER SHEET

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UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF LAW Diliman, Quezon City MOCK BAR (Set 2) EXAMINATIONS 2012 CRIMINAL LAW INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the correct answer by shading the circle of the corresponding letter of your answer. Do not write anything in the questionnaire. Turn in the questionnaire at the end of the exam. 1. Who is covered by Philippine Criminal Law? a. b. c. d. 2. An American national who killed a police in Syria Chinese pirates in Philippine seas A Filipino tourist caught using prohibited drugs in Singapore A Canadian popstar who punched a Filipinofan in a concert in the Madison Square Garden

Infanticide is defined as the killing of the child less than ________, whether the killer is the parent or grandparent, any other relative of the child, or a stranger. a. b. c. d. 1 day of age 2 days of age 3 days of age 4 days of age

3.

Unintentional abortion is committed only by: a. b. c. d. Threat Violence Seduction Induction

4.

It is a formal or regular combat previously concerted between two parties in the presence of two or more seconds of lawful age on each side who make the selection of arms and fix all the other conditions of the fight. a. b. c. d. Duel Tumult Serious disturbance Outcry

5. Sam sent a letter to Dean in which he said that unless Dean would send to him P10,000, he would kill him. What could be the charge against Sam? a. b. c. d. Grave threat Light threat Less grave threat Grave coercion

6. Robb is the natural son of Eddard. Brandon is the illegitimate father of Eddard. Robb killed his grandfather, Brandon. What could be the possible charge against Robb? a. b. c. d. 7. Murder Infanticide Parricide Homicide

These are circumstances qualifying murder, EXCEPT: a. b. c. d. In consideration of a price, reward or promise With cruelty On occasion of a calamity All of the above

8.

Aleviosa means: a. b. c. d. Evident premeditation Cruelty Treachery Murder by poison

9.

It is the unlawful resistance to a superior officer, or the raising of commotions and disturbances on board a ship against the authority of its commander. a. b. c. d. Piracy Mutiny Violation of neutrality Correspondence with hostile country

10. At least how persons should take part in order that a tumultuous affray would exist? a. b. c. d. 1 2 3 4

11. Mark was the owner of a gun kept in a drawer which was locked. Ben, Marks son, destroyed the drawers lock and obtained the gun in order to threaten Mark with it, as in fact Ben threatened Mark with said gun. Is Ben guilty of robbery? a. b. c. d. Yes. The gun that he used to threaten Mark was not his. No. There was no taking. Yes. His relationship with his father is an aggravating circumstance. No. Ben knew where the gun was located.

12. It is a crime committed by more than three armed persons who form a band of robbers for the purpose of committing robbery in the highway or kidnapping persons for the

purpose of extortion or to obtain ransom, or for any other purpose to be attained by means of force and violence. a. b. c. d. Robbery in band Fencing Brigandage Mendicancy

13. Andrew lost his cellphone from a party. The next day, he saw Benjamin using his phone. Benjamin refused to return the phone. As a result, he drew a knife and told Benjamin that he would be killed if he would not return the phone. What is the crime of Andrew? a. b. c. d. Robbery Qualified robbery Grave threats Grave coercion

14. The detention of a person without legal grounds by a public officer or employee. a. illegal detention b. arbitrary detention c. compulsory detention d. unauthorized detention 15. Joffrey borrowed from Arya, a government employee, a watch with the promise that he would return it the next day. When Arya asked Joffrey to return the watch, he denied having received it. Joffrey is guilty of what offense? a. b. c. d. Robbery Estafa Theft Qualified theft

16. Under the Human Security Act of 2007, a person is considered an accomplice when a. He cooperates in the execution of terrorism or conspiracy to commit terrorism by previous or simultaneous acts b. He profits from the crime or assists in the profiteering of the offender from the crime c. He conceals or destroys the body of the crime, or the effects, or instruments thereof, in order to prevent its discovery d. He harbors, conceals, or assists in the escape of the principal or conspirator of the crime 17. Forms of Explicit Sexual Activity as used in the Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009 include: a. sexual intercourse or lascivious act including, but not limited to, contact involving genital to genital, oral to genital, anal to genital, or oral to anal, whether between persons of the same or opposite sex; bestiality; masturbation; sadistic or masochistic abuse; lascivious exhibition of the genitals, buttocks, breasts, pubic area and/or anus; or use of any object or instrument for lascivious acts b. forced sexual intercourse or lascivious act including, but not limited to, contact involving genital to genital, oral to genital, anal to genital, or oral to anal, whether

between persons of the same or opposite sex; bestiality; masturbation; sadistic or masochistic abuse; lascivious exhibition of the genitals, buttocks, breasts, pubic area and/or anus; or use of any object or instrument for lascivious acts c. sexual intercourse or lascivious act including, but not limited to, contact involving genital to genital, oral to genital, anal to genital, or oral to anal, whether between persons of the same or opposite sex; bestiality; sadistic or masochistic abuse; lascivious exhibition of the genitals, buttocks, breasts, pubic area and/or anus; or use of any object or instrument for lascivious acts d. sexual intercourse or lascivious act including, but not limited to, contact involving genital to genital, oral to genital, anal to genital, or oral to anal, whether between persons of the same or opposite sex; bestiality; masturbation; sadistic or masochistic abuse; lascivious exhibition of the genitals, buttocks, breasts, pubic area and/or anus; or use of any sex toy or object or instrument for lascivious acts 18. According to the case Estrada v Sandiganbayan, the word series as used in the AntiPlunder Act means: a. Combination of overt or criminal acts enumerated in subsections (1) to (6) of Sec. 1 (d) b. Combination of two or more overt or criminal acts in subsections (1) to (6) of Sec. 1 (d) c. Two or more overt or criminal acts falling under the same category of enumeration found in Sec. 1 d. Two or more combinations of overt or criminal acts falling under the same category of enumeration found in Sec. 1 19. Revelation of secrets by an officer is committed by: a. Any public officer who shall reveal any secret known to him by reason of his official capacity b. Any public officer who shall reveal any secret known to him by reason of his official status c. Any public officer who shall wrongfully deliver papers or copies of papers of which he may have charge d. Any public officer who shall wrongfully deliver papers or copies of papers of which he has custody 20. The presumption of fencing according to the Anti-Fencing Law of 1979 is a. Mere possession of any good, article, item, object, or anything of value which has been the subject of robbery or thievery shall be prima facie evidence of fencing. b. Mere possession of any good, article, item, object, or anything of value which has been the subject of robbery or thievery shall be considered res ipsa loquitur. c. It is the act of any person who, with intent to gain for himself or for another, shall buy, receive, possess, keep, acquire, conceal, sell or dispose of, or shall buy and sell, or in any other manner deal in any article, item, object or anything of value which he knows, or should be known to him, to have been derived from the proceeds of the crime of robbery or theft d. It is the act of any person who, with intent to gain for himself or for another, shall buy, receive, possess, keep, acquire, conceal, sell or dispose of, or shall buy and sell, or in any other manner deal in any article, item, object or anything of value which he knows, or may not be known to him, to have been derived from the proceeds of the crime of robbery or theft

21. As per Administrative Circular No. 13-2001, imprisonment, in relation to violations of B.P. 22 or the Bouncing Check Law: a. Is removed as an alternative penalty b. Is removed as an accessory penalty c. Is not removed as an alternative penalty d. Is not removed as an accessory penalty 22. In libel, the following are responsible, to the same extent as the author, except for: a. Editor of a book or pamphlet b. Editor of a daily newspaper or of a serial publication c. Business manager of a magazine or serial publication d. Printer or publisher of a newspaper of general circulation 23. Reckless imprudence consists in: a. Voluntary doing or failing to do an act from which material damage results by reason of an inexcusable lack of precaution on the part of the person performing or failing to perform such act, taking into consideration his employment or occupation, degree of intelligence, physical condition and other circumstances regarding persons, time and place b. Voluntary doing or failing to do an act, with malice, from which material damage results by reason of an inexcusable lack of precaution on the part of the person performing or failing to perform such act, taking into consideration his employment or occupation, degree of intelligence, physical condition and other circumstances regarding persons, time and place c. Voluntary doing or failing to do an act, with malice, from which material damage results by reason of an inexcusable lack of precaution on the part of the person performing or failing to perform such act, taking into consideration his employment or occupation, degree of intelligence, physical condition, civil status, and other circumstances regarding persons, time and place d. Voluntary doing or failing to do an act, without malice, from which material damage results by reason of an inexcusable lack of precaution on the part of the person performing or failing to perform such act, taking into consideration his employment or occupation, degree of intelligence, physical condition and other circumstances regarding persons, time and place 24. Photo or video voyeurism, according to the Anti-Video and Photo Voyeurism Act, prohibits: a. Copying or reproducing, or to causing to be copied or reproduced, such photos or videos or recordings of sexual acts or any similar activities for consideration b. Selling or distributing, or causing to be sold or distributed, such photos or videos or recordings of sexual act, whether it be the original copy or reproduction thereof c. Publishing or broadcasting, or causing to be published or broadcast, in print media, or showing or exhibiting the photos or video coverages or recordings of such sexual act or any similar activity through VCD/DVD, internet, cellular phones and other similar means or device d. Taking photos or video coverages of a person or group of persons performing sexual act or any similar activity or to capture an image of the private area of a person/s such as the naked or undergarment clad genitals, public area, buttocks or female breast without the consent of the person/s involved and under circumstances in which the person/s has/have a reasonable expectation of privacy

25. Which of the following persons is not guilty of the crime of alarms and scandals? a. Any person who while wandering about at night shall disturb the public peace b. Any person who while engaging in nocturnal amusements, produces charivari c. Any person who shall istigate or take an active part in a disorderly meeting offensive to another d. Ay person who shall instigate or take an active part in a disorderly meeting prejudcial to public tranquility 26. Dereliction of duty includes: a. Rendering unjust judgement b. Delay in the administration of justice c. Betrayal of trust d. Revelation of secrets by attorney 27. Is there such a thing as malversation through negligence? a. Yes. It falls under criminal negligence. b. Yes. It is covered by Art. 365 when done with culpa. c. No. It is plain and simple malversation whether with dolo or culpa. d. No. It is not covered by the negligence in Art. 217. 28. Forgery is committed through the following: a. By giving to a treasury or bank note or any instrument payable to bearer or order mentioned therein, the appearance of a document b. By giving to a treasury note or any instrument payable to bearer or order mentioned therein, the appearance of a document c. By erasing, substituting, counterfeiting or altering by any means the figures, letters, words or signs contained therein d. By erasing, substituting, counterfeiting or altering by any means the figures, letters, numbers, words, or signes contained therein 29. The forms of abortion under the Revised Penal Code are: a. Intentional abortion, unintentional abortion, abortion by woman herself or her parents, abortion by physician or midwife b. Unintentional abortion, abortion by woman herself or her parents, abortion by physician or midwife c. Intentional abortion, unintentional abortion, abortion by woman herself or her parents, abortion for protection of honor, abortion by physician or midwife, d. Intentional abortion, unintentional abortion, abortion by woman herself or her parents, abortion by physician or midwife, distribution of abortives 30. Acts punished under attempt or conspiracy of Sec. 26 of the Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 do not include: a. Importation of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical b. Sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution and transportation of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical c. Maintenance of a den, dive or resort where any dangerous drug is used in any form d. Cultivation or culture of plants 31. Voluntariness as an element of a felony is true only when the crime is: a. dolo by performing an act with deliberate intent

b. dolo by omitting to perform an act required by law c. culpa d. all kinds of crime where the offender has intelligence and freedom of action 32. A child in conflict with the law is one who: a. Committed an intentional felony b. Is under 15 yrs of age c. Is over 15 and under 18 who committed a felony with discernment d. A child who is alleged as, accused of, or adjudged as, having committed an offense under Philippine laws 33. Probation is a disposition under which a: a. Defendant, after conviction and sentence, is released subject to conditions imposed by the court and to the supervision of a probation officer b. Defendant, prior to conviction and sentence, is released subject to conditions imposed by the court and to the supervision of a probation officer c. Defendant, after conviction but prior to sentence, is released subject to conditions imposed by the court and to the supervision of a probation officer d. Defendant, before conviction and sentence, released subject to conditions imposed by the court and to the supervision of a probation officer 34. The following are punishable in the Philippines even if committed outside the Philippine territory, except: a. Crime committed by foreign nationals aboard Philippine ship b. Crime committed by foreign nationals in a Philippine ship while treading the high seas c. Crime committed by Filipinos in a US war vessel while in Philippine waters d. Crime committed in a foreign vessel treading Philippine waters which does not relate to internal management of such vessel 35. Which of the following crimes do not have frustrated stage? a. Adultery b. Parricide c. Forgery d. Abortion 36. Conspiracy is a felony in itself if it is to commit the following crimes except: a. Treason b. Sedition c. Espionage d. Rebellion 37. While in conciliation proceeding, Pedro attacked Juan, a member of the Pangkat ng Tagpagkasundo. Juan died due to the wounds caused by the assault. Pedro is convicted of homicide with direct assault. This is an example of a: a. Complex crime proper b. Special complex crime c. Compound crime d. Continuing crime

38. Appreciation of this kind of circumstance, as a rule, would not make the accused civilly liable. a. Avoidance of greater evil b. Impulse of uncontrollable fear c. Insuperable or lawful cause d. No intention to commit so grave wrong 39. To appreciate the mitigating circumstance of incomplete self-defense, which of the following is an indispensable requisite? a. Reasonable necessity of means employed b. Lack of sufficient provocation on part of defender c. Actual physical or threatened assault of an immediate or imminent kind d. Attack immediately precedes the provocation 40. This kind of circumstance arises under certain conditions to increase the penalty of the offense and cannot be offset by mitigating circumstances. a. Craft , fraud or disguise b. Evident premeditation c. Quasi-recidivism d. Reiteration or habituality 41. A qualifying aggravating circumstance a. changes the description and the nature of the offense. b. increases the penalty to its next degree but absorbs all the other aggravating circumstances. c. raises the penalty by two periods higher. d. is one which may not be offset by mitigating circumstance 42. Mike, Lawrence and Tyler had an altercation with Ben. On their way home, the three saw Ben walking alone. They approached Ben and demanded an apology from the latter. When Ben refused to make amends, Mike, armed with a pocket knife, repeatedly stabbed Ben while Lawrence and Tyler pinned his arms. What circumstance attended the killing? a. Evident premeditation. b. Aid of armed men or persons who insure or afford impunity. c. Advantage be taken of superior strength, or means be employed to weaken the defense. d. Treachery. 43. A crime is deemed to have been committed by a band when _______ armed malefactors shall have acted together in the commission of an offense a. At least 3 b. More than 3 c. 2 or more d. Not less than 3

44. Which of the following is not an effect of perpetual or temporary absolute disqualification? a. Deprivation or right to be an elective public official b. Deprivation of right to be an appointive public official c. Deprivation of right to vote in any election for any office d. Deprivation or right to vote in a plebiscite 45. Which of the following is not an absolutory cause? a. Spontaneous desistance b. Light felonies not consummated c. Accomplice in light felonies d. Instigation 46. A person is deprived of his rights to parental authority, guardianship, marital authority or to manage his property when imposed with the following principal penalties except: a. Death, commuted to life imprisonment b. Reclusion perpetua c. Reclusion temporal d. Prision mayor 47. The following has prescriptive period of 2 months except: a. Light offenses b. Violation of municipal ordinances c. Simple slander d. Crimes punishable by fines, when fine is correctional 48. Which of the following indemnification for consequential damages is not included? a. Those caused to the injured party b. Those suffered by his family c. Those suffered by the State d. Those suffered by 3rd person by reason of the crime 49. As a rule, when a crime is attended with a justifying circumstance, the accused is also not liable for civil liability. Exception to this is when the justifying circumstance is: a. Defense of relatives b. Defense of stranger c. Fulfillment of a duty or lawful exercise of a function d. Avoidance of greater evil 50. According to Article 89 of the Revised Penal Code, criminal liability is totally extinguished by the following except: a. Death of the convict b. Commutation of the sentence c. Prescription of the penalty

d. Prescription of the crime 51. Any person sentenced to destierro shall not be permitted to enter the place or places designated in the sentence, nor within the radius therein specified, which shall be ____ kilometers from the place designated. a. not less than 25, not more than 250 b. not less than 20, not more than 200 c. more than 25 but less than 250 d. more than 20 but less than 200 52. The criminal action will be extinguished or the penalty be remitted upon marriage of the offender with the offended party in the following crimes except: a. Abduction b. Acts of Lasciviousness c. Seduction d. Slander 53. Police received a report that Ray, a suspected drug pusher, is seen around Brgy. A. While surveying the area, police officers approached and persuaded Mark to act as buyer and transact with Ray. After the consummation of the sale, the police officers arrested both Ray and Mark. a. Not liable, this is instigation not entrapment b. Liable, there was a valid entrapment c. Not liable as principal, but liable as accessory d. Not liable as principal, but liable as accomplice 54. Temporary absolute disqualification as a principal penalty, in its entirety, is imposed for the duration of : a. 12 years and 1 day to 20 years b. 20 years and 1 day to 40 years c. 6 years and 1 day to 12 years d. 6 months and 1 day to 6 years 55. The following penalties would run from 6 months and 1 day to 6 years, in its entirety, except: a. Suspension b. Destierro c. Prision mayor d. Prision correccional 56. A and B are neighbors. One day, A calls B and tell him derogatory remarks. When B confronts A to ask for an explanation, A pushed B. Furious, B punches A which caused As death. What circumstance affecting criminal liability would apply? a. Exempting circumstance of acting under compulsion or irresistible force b. Exempting circumstance of acting under the impulse of an uncontrollable fear of an equal or greater injury. c. Mitigating circumstance of sufficient provocation or threat d. Mitigating circumstance of immediate vindication of an offense

57. A aimed and fired his revolver at Bs head. But B was rushed immediately to the hospital and was saved by timely medical assistance. What was the crime committed by A? a. Frustrated homicide b. Attempted homicide c. Consummated physical injuries d. Homicide 58. The aggravating circumstance of nighttime may be appreciated in the following cases, except: a. When the accused waited for the night before committing the robbery with homicide. b. When in the silence and darkness of the night, the offender took away the girl. c. When the homicide was committed at night upon a mere casual encounter. d. When the accused hid behind a tree and availed himself of the darkness in his mission to kill the victim. 59. Under the crime of treason, the levying of war against the government requires the concurrence of the following except: a. Declaration of war by the Philippines b. An assembly of men to execute a treasonable design by force c. Intent to deliver the country in whole or in part to the enemy d. Collaboration with foreign enemy or some foreign sovereign 60. Which of the following is not a crime against fundamental laws of the state a. Violation of domicile b. Illegal detention c. Offending the religious feelings d. Delaying release 61. Which of the following is not an object of sedition? a. To inflict any act of hate or revenge upon the person or property of the city mayor. b. To remove allegiance to the Philippine government c. To prevent the governor from freely exercising its or his functions, or prevent the execution of any administrative order d. To prevent the holding of 2013 election 62. Who among the following is not considered a person in authority? a. Barrio captain b. City mayor c. Policemen d. Trial court judge 63. Direct bribery is committed in following except a. A public officer accepts a gift offered to him by reason of his office

b. A public officer agrees to perform an act constituting a crime in connection with the performance of his official duties c. A public officer accepts a gift in consideration of the execution of an act which does not constitute a crime, in connection with the performance of his official duties. d. A public officer agrees to refrain from doing something which is his official duty to do in consideration of a gift or promise. 64. Parricide is committed when any of the following are killed except a. Legitimate spouse b. Illegitimate mother c. legitimate grandson d. illegitimate grandfather 65. Andrew was the one week old, illegitimate son of Brad while Brad was the legitimate son of Charlie. Charlie killed Andrew. What crime was committed by Charlie? a. Infanticide b. Homicide c. Abortion d. Murder 66. Death or physical injuries under exceptional circumstances may apply to any of the following except a. the legal wife b. the legal husband c. the common law wife d. the illegitimate father 67. Less serious physical injury is committed when: a. Offender has inflicted physical injuries which shall incapacitate the offended party for labor from 1 to 9 days b. Offender has inflicted upon another physical injuries that incapacitate the party for labor for 10 days or more c. Offender has inflicted physical injuries which shall require medical assistance from 1 to 9 days d. Offender has inflicted physical injuries which incapacitate the offended party for labor for more than 30 days 68. Serious illegal detention in the following cases except: a. A minor was detained but was released after 1 day b. Threats to kill were made against a person who was detained for 2 days c. A woman was detained but release after 3 days d. A man was detained but released after 4 days

69. Juan entered the house of Maria through an open door. Maria, not knowing that Juan was inside the house, locked the door from the outside and left. Juan took some jewelries and cash and escaped through the window. What crime did Juan committed? a. Theft b. Robbery in an inhabited place c. Robbery with force upon things d. Robbery with violence and intimidation 70. David is charged with robbery in an inhabited house. His penalty is mitigated in the following instances, except: a. He is armed but the value of the property he took does not exceed 250 pesos. b. He is unarmed but the value of the property exceeds 250 pesos. c. He is unarmed and the value of the property does not exceed 250 pesos. d. He entered through an opening not intended for entrance but did not break anything. 71. Dela Cruz siblings had a long standing feud over a parcel of land they inherited from their parents. Bruce, not agreeing to the partition, confronted John. A heated argument ensued and Bruce threatened John that he would burn down Johns house if they continue with the partition. Bruce may be liable for: a. Grave threats b. Light threats c. Slander d. Libel 72. Anna was 14 years old when she met David, her swimming instructor. Taking advantage of Annas minority, David promised Anna that he will marry her and because of such promise, Anna consents to having sexual intercourse with David. What is the crime committed? a. Qualified seduction b. Simple seduction c. Rape d. Acts of Lasciviousness 73. _______ consists in the lack of precaution displayed in those cases in which the damage impending to be caused is not immediate nor the danger clearly manifest. a. Negligence b. Reckless imprudence c. Simple imprudence d. Accident 74. Danny was driving a bus unreasonably fast carrying a number of passenger in excess of that permitted by law and regulations. Bus collided with truck which results in death of 2 of the passengers and injury to other passengers. What is the criminal liability of A? a. A is liable for homicide and physical injuries. b. A is liable for reckless imprudence resulting in multiple homicide, physical injury and damage to property. c. A is not liable. It was an accident.

d. A is liable for reckless imprudence resulting in homicide. 75. Juanito Callas, 10 years old, claims that his Biology teacher groped his private parts, What case may be filed against the teacher? a. Acts of lasciviousness b. Rape c. Corruption of minors d. Qualified seduction

UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES COLLEGE OF LAW Diliman, Quezon City MOCK BAR (SET 2) EXAMINATIONS 2012 CRIMINAL LAW Part II: ESSAY INSTRUCTIONS: You have TWENTY (20) minutes to complete this part of the exam. I. Maria was walking along the rice paddies on her way to apply for work. Suddenly, Crispin, who was holding an ice pick and a lead pipe, waylaid her and forcibly brought her to a grassy area at the back of a concrete wall. While attempting to run from Crispin, the latter struck Maria in the back of her head with a lead pipe. Crispin also stabbed Maria with the ice pick several times. While Maria was in such a defenseless position, Crispin went on top of her, sucked her breasts and inserted his penis into her vagina. Maria died and her body found later that night. Trial Court convicted Crispin of separate crime of murder and rape. Crispin appealed. Decide on Crispin's appeal. II. Philippine Times, a newspaper of general circulation in the Philippines, published articles about Richard Tan. In the said articles, Richard Tan, CEO of ABC Corporation, was portrayed as a "Marcos Crony" or an individual who was a recipient of special and undeserving favors from former President Ferdinand E. Marcos due to extra-ordinary closeness to either or both, and which favors allowed an individual to engage in illegal and dishonorable business activities. The articles also branded him as a mere dummy for the Marcos clan and was accused of unsound and immoral business practices and portrayed him as an unfair and uncaring employer. Richard Tan filed a case against Philippine Times, its members and editorial staff and writers. Decide on the case. III. Donna and Harvey, residents of Daet, Camarines Norte, were married by Harveys good friend Louis, the Mayor of Labo, Camarines Norte, in Daet. While Harvey was in New York for a business trip, Louis courted Donna, and they subsequently had sexual intercourse. When Harvey learned of the infidelity, he returned and filed an adultery case against Donna and Louis. Will the adultery case prosper? Explain. Later on, Harvey decided to drop his charge against Louis believing that Louis was drugged by Donna on that fateful night, will the case prosper? Explain.

IV.

Meredith issued to Derek a P1, 000, 000 check in payment for the ring the former simultaneously received from the latter. The check bounced. For what offense/s may Meredith be indicted? If accused for violation of two separate laws, could Meredith be held liable to both? Explain.