Wild Korean

Write Publish Edit Illustrate Photo Voice Actor Sanghyun Ahn Young Min Kwon BookShelf Publishing Jo-Anna Lynch Megha Dubal Douglas Holden Jo-Anna Lynch Tony Ahn Sanghyun Ahn Jake Kang Mi Jeong Kim Price ISBN Blog Facebook Mail \15,000 978-89-94987-05-7 13710 http://wildkorean.blogspot.com/ http://www.facebook.com/wildkorean1 wildkorean1@hotmail.com Joel S. Santiago Elliot Seo Jo-Anna Lynch Byuk Hwan Kim Sean Butler Megan Morrow

1st Edition

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

BookShelf Publishing 2nd Floor, Jung Ang Building, 25, Pil Dong 2 Ga, Jung Gu, Seoul, Korea Tel Web 031 204 9508 http://www.ibookshelf.kr

How to Use This Book

1. Who Can Study with This Book This book is suitable for people who already have basic Korean skills. You must know how to read, write and pronounce Korean and have some familiarity with the language to get the most out of this book. Please see Basic Conjugation rule #3 or #4 in Appendix 2. If you dont have any problem understanding these conjugations, this book is for you.

2. Basic Conjugation in Appendix 2 Every conjugation and several key grammatical structures are explained in Appendix 2. This is a very unique format for a textbook. Since many of the same grammar and conjugation patterns tend to repeatedly pop up in multiple chapters, you can always check the appendix for an explanation of these rules whenever they appear (with a helpful reference to the appropriate rule). I recommend bookmarking or dog-earing this appendix for the frequent references if you find it useful.

3. More Vocabulary Every chapter introduces additional vocabulary related to the chapters theme. There are mountains of vocabulary words in this book. Some of them are very important, some of them are only for your reference, and some are just fun. Dont try too hard to memorize all of them. Just focus on what you need, and if you need to know more later, study them again.

4. Grammar and Exercises Each chapter includes a Grammar section which introduces a number of new grammatical structures, as well as several exercises to practice these concepts. Exercise No. X is related to grammar item No.X. For example, if you want to practice grammar topic #3, check out exercise 3. There are often additional exercises that allow you to combine the concepts youve learned into complete sentences. Have fun with these. Be creative!

5. The Answer Key in Appendix This answer key is just for your reference. Please try to create your own wild answers. This book is designed to encourage you to be creative to make learning Korean fun.

6. New Vocabulary in Exercise Many phrases in the exercises include new vocabulary words. You may need to find them in a dictionary. Finding words in a dictionary is a good way to study a language. A list of common verbs/adjectives that you may find in this textbook or want to use in your answers is included as a separate appendix to assist you.


, , 3 .

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, 2008 11 . . , . , , , , , . 2010 8, 150 . 1 .

, ' ?' , . 2011 7 9

Publishing Wild Korean

This book is currently being used at the free Korean class, Kongbubang offered at

the Garwol welfare center near Sookmyung Womens University station. Its made from the actual lesson materials of the last three years.

I started to teach Korean in the spring of 2008 and I have always thought about essential Korean expressions for expats ever since I started teaching. What is the simplest and most realistic way to teach the Korean language? That has been my guiding principle when preparing classes and making this book.

When I started to teach, I just used textbooks from a bookstore. As I taught more lessons, I started to think about the students needs more seriously, and came to be pickier about the textbook I used. Most students wanted to learn practical, easy, and useful Korean for real life. But much of the content in the textbooks I was using was too formal or too difficult, or the lessons were too long and uninteresting. It was very difficult to find the ideal textbook for the class.

In November 2008, I started to make my own lesson materials for the class. Although they didnt look as polished or professional, as I didnt use any photos or pictures, I could teach useful expressions and vocabulary with simple grammar points. While teaching each chapter, I observed the students responses and adjusted the difficulty. I amended awkward or complicated expressions and made them natural and easy, considering the level of students. Also, I supplemented the lesson material with important vocabulary, explanation of grammar points, conversations, useful expressions, and exercises to help students study by themselves. By August 2010, the first unofficial book with 150 pages was completed. It contained twenty chapters and two song lessons. After the first book came out, I continued to edit it, and now this official book is finally ready to be published.

Talking with various students of Korean made me think about what basic aspects of the Korean language are truly essential for students to learn. This idea was the starting point of this book, and I believe its the essential point of practical Korean lessons.


. 4 5 30 , . 2000 10, 2011 5 , 10, 5, 1 80 36 . , , . http://kongbubang.wordpress.com , FaceBook Group, KongBuBang .

About Hangul Kongbubang, Free Korean Class

Hangul Kongbubang is a free Korean class for foreigners who are living in Korea.
Hangul Kongbubang literally means Korean Study Room. Bang means a room in Korean, which is a private place where you feel comfortable. We want to make a relaxed and welcoming place for everyone who wants to learn Korean.

We started our classes in October, 2000 at a small study room, and moved to the present location at Garwol Community Welfare Center in December 2004.

All of our teachers are volunteers. We work or study on weekdays and gather together on Saturdays with the shared passion for helping foreigners learn Korean.

We would also like to thank all of our students that join us and encourage us. Learning a language is not that easy, and its sometimes boring. We want to make your studies a little easier and more interesting.

For more information, please visit the web site http://kongbubang.wordpress.com , or visit the Facebook Group, Kongbubang.

Table of Contents

Jobs Countries

Nice to Meet You Schools University Majors

11

Mass Media , Audio, Video

Taste and Flavor

Ill Have a Potato Pizza, Please! Must-Try Korean Food Meat Vegetables

21

Seafood Korean Food

Flour based food and Fast food ()

? ~ How many ~ How much ~ /

Which Bus Do I Need To Take? 1 How long ~ Directions 1

31

? Disease

Tell Me Where It Hurts Other Medical Words Symptom Medicine

41

Clinic and Hospital Counting the Date

? , ,

Does This Movie Have Subtitles? Theater, Movie and Cinema

53

Dividing a Day

Do You Want to Join Us on a Field Trip? Days of the Week

61

Expressions of Time Expressing Dates

? 2 Directions 2 Unit of Length

Where Is the Convenience Store? Colors

69

Ordinal Numbers

? Weather

How Is the Weather? Season

77

Conjugation of

? Character Intelligence

Whats your type? External Appearance

87

10

Will You Go Out with Me? Love and Dating

97

11

? & //

Do You Have a Question? Study & Classroom A Little and a Lot Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow Please Give Me a Discount Always / Often / Sometimes / Never Clothes

103

This, That, The

, , 12

Addressing Others Accessories

111

/ / /

13

? / / Internet

Homepage, Internet and Missed Lesson

119

Previous / This time / Next

14

? Alcoholic Drinks Grain

Where Is the Cold Beer? Electric Goods

127

15

Can I Work Out Here?

135

Sports and Exercise

16

Have You Been to Jeju Island?

143

Vacation and Travel Means of Transportation

17

Why Dont You Dye Your Hair? Beauty Salon and Hair Style

151

 18

Post Office

I Want to Send a Package

159

19

Bank

I Lost My Debit Card

167

20

, ?

Do You Deliver? Popular Delivery Foods

175

Size of Food Types of Houses Expressing an Address

Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Appendix 4

Frequently Used Verbs Basic Conjugation of Korean Verbs Dialog Translation Exercise Answer Key

181 187 208 214

Cultural Notes
The Most Polite Verb Ending Formal Korean Are You a Vegetarian? Number Refresher Visiting the Doctor in Korea What Is Your Blood Type? Funny (???) Konglish Jokes What is One Year in Korean? or ? Making Korean Verbs from English Words ? Korean Traditional Medical Science Future Tense Chinese Zodiac, The Worst Name in Korean and English Interesting Contractions ~ / Vs. ~ / 19 30 39 51 59 68 85 95 102 109 118 126 134 142 150 157 166 173

Onomatopoeic and Mimetic Words Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Why Are Addresses so Complicated in Korea?

 1 Lesson 1

Nice to Meet You

When meeting someone for the first time, its considered polite to introduce yourself, so people know what to call you, besides Hey, foreigner. The ability to introduce yourself to people drastically improves your chances of establishing a successful and rewarding social life in Korea.

Illustrated by Douglas Holden 1 11

 Key Expressions
. I am called Bong Joo Seop. . I am from Canada. . I majored in Korean language in university.

Dialog First meeting and Introduction

: . . : I, me : How do you do? / Nice to meet you / I see you for the first time polite form of : I, me

~ () () : is (be) called ~ ~/~/~ is the most polite ending form. To learn more about this, please see page 19. : . . : . . , ? : . : ? ~ / : is/am/are ~ : to be ~

: Glad to meet you ~ : ~ also : by the way : to be glad : person

: am glad : which

: country

: Canada : Korean language ~ : at ~ : to learn : where

? : did learn?

: . : ?

: university : majored in~ : here ~ : at ~

: major (in university) : to major in~ : which : to do

: work(noun) : . : radio

? : do?

: broadcasting station

: broadcasting : I work : ~~! ? ? ~~! : Wow! ? : how is it? : to be fun/interesting : to work

? : fun?/interesting? : . , . : But : too (so, very)

: difficult/tough : to be hard/difficult/tough

12

More Expressions
Pleased to see you. (How do you do?)

? What is your name? . See you next time. . I was glad to meet you.

? What work do you do? ? What is your job? () ? Do you have a boy(girl) friend? ? / ? ? Where do you live? ? Where is your house? ? What is your major? ? What is your blood type?
Many Koreans believe that a persons blood type reflects certain aspects of their personality, similar to zodiac signs. To learn more, please see page 59.

What country are you from?

A . My blood type is A.

? Which school do you go to? (In which school do you study?) ? What is your Chinese zodiac sign?
To learn more about Chinese zodiac signs, please see page 126.

More Vocabulary
1.

Mass Media , Audio, Video

television TV video audio DVD

news newspaper radio advertisement broadcasting magazine

cable TV to advertise broadcasting station DMB

to broadcast

Digital Multimedia Broadcasting

13

2.

Jobs
professor student teacher office worker doctor nurse driver house wife athlete policeman military personnel bank clerk homeless person scientist waiter priest nun pastor lawyer pharmacist president businessman reporter singer movie actor farmer miner fisherman president

assemblyman minister politician gangster organized gangster thief robber jobless male jobless female beggar swindler, con artist

programmer engineer

engineer chef, cook

waitress

government official, civil servant

3.

Schools
preschool middle school university, college elementary school high school graduate school

to go around, to attend a school, to work at a company to attend a middle school graduation (to graduate) to come out, to graduate to work at a company () entrance (to enroll at a school) to enter, to go into

()

4.

Countries
Korea Republic of Korea Mongolia Nepal Sri Lanka South Korea Japan Bangladesh Uzbekistan Kazakhstan North Korea China India Pakistan Hong Kong

14

Myanmar Vietnam Thailand Iran Israel Qatar Libya Tanzania

Malaysia Philippine Laos Iraq

Cambodia

Indonesia East Timor Oman Egypt Jordan Morocco

Saudi Arabia Lebanon

U.A.E Kenya South Africa New Zealand Mexico Honduras Panama Peru Chile Ecuador France Spain Greece Scotland

Nigeria Congo Fiji Canada Nicaragua Cuba Bolivia

Ethiopia Australia USA Guatemala

El Salvador Venezuela Colombia Brazil England Germany Romania Ireland

Argentina Uruguay Belgium Italy Hungary Portugal Poland Finland Denmark

Austria Netherlands Sweden

Czech Republic Russia Norway

If you dont find your country name, please contact me, I will add it for the next edition.

5.

University Majors
English and English literature

linguistics education Korean language engineering mechanical engineering science chemistry mathematics

Korean education Spanish civil engineering environmental engineering physics biology statistics

15

economics social science medicine nursing philosophy sociology

business administration accounting dentistry psychology humanities

Grammar
1. How to introduce a person or a thing Noun + () (). can be translated to ~ is called Noun. You can use this when you introduce someone or something to other people. A. Noun, ending with vowel + . > . This is called a computer.

B. Noun, ending with consonant + . > (). I am called .

~ is the most polite ending form. Please see page 19 to learn more about it.

2. Present Tense . .

Verb Stem + ////

This ending form is very frequently used in various ways. I strongly recommend you fully understand this conjugation and its usage.

Its fun. Its tough.

. I am Megan. .

I work at a radio broadcasting station.

Please see Basic Conjugation rule #3 in Appendix 2.

3. Past Tense

Verb Stem + //

? Where did you learn? . I majored in Korean language. Please see Basic Conjugation rule #4 in Appendix 2.

16

 Exercise
1. Please use the suggested nouns to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > . A. B. C. D. E. Use your name. F. Use your own word. Or > .

2. Please use the suggested words to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > . A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Use your own word. > .

3. Please use the suggested verbs and fill in the blanks using the past tense like the example below. Ex. > .

A.

. .

B. . C. D. E. . F. (DVD) . . . .

17

4. Please answer the questions below in Korean. A. ?

B. ?

C. ?

D. ?

E. ?

F. ?

G. ?

5. Please introduce yourself.

18

The Most Polite Verb Ending Formal Korean

~// ending is the most common manifestation of the most formal and polite way to conjugate verbs in Korean. Its commonly found in written Korean, speeches, news broadcasts, and generally in formal settings. Males also tend to use this type of conjugation more often than females in day-to-day conversation with strangers or professional acquaintances. You will certainly encounter it in Korea, but its not mentioned often in this book, since without it, you can still communicate without offending anyone, and its somewhat more complicated and cumbersome to use - its polite because you have to make an effort to use it!

For example, . in chapter 1 is one of the most polite ways to introduce yourself. But, in real life, you wont find yourself in many situations that would call for this level of formality. Casual (but still polite!) forms such as ~/// are easier and more natural to use, which is why I rarely mention the formal conjugations in this book.

Then, why does this book teach . . ? Although this form is not frequently used in day to day conversation, Koreans still tend to care about politeness very much, so its better to speak in the most polite form when you need to thank someone or when you meet someone for the first time, especially people older than you. Please see the examples below.

1. When you introduce yourself . I see you for the first time. (Nice to meet you. / How do you do?) ~ () . I am called ~ This is one of the most polite ways to introduce yourself. The Koreans to whom you are introducing yourself will have a very good impression of you.

2. When you need to say Thank you . Thank you. It sounds better and more polite than in most cases.

The Most Polite Verb Ending Formal Korean

19

3. When someone buys or makes a meal for you . I will eat well.

4. When you finish your meal or when you pay your bill at a restaurant . I ate well. . That was delicious. (I ate deliciously.)

20

The Most Polite Verb Ending Formal Korean

 2 Lesson 2

Ill Have a Potato Pizza, Please!

One of the most important aspects of living in a foreign country is finding good food and ordering it. Eating is essential to survive, so this chapter gives some suggestions and help, especially for those on special diets, such as vegetarians.

Illustrated by Douglas Holden 2 21

Key Expressions

. I cannot eat meat. . Please wait for a while. ? Dont you have tuna kimchi stew, not pork?

1 Dialog 1
: . .

Ordering Pizza
: hey!! / here!! / here you are : menu board . : please give : to give

: .

Many Westerners are initially horrified by the idea of calling hey, over here! to a waitress or clerk to get their attention. However, in Korea, this is a commonly accepted practice, and not considered rude. : meat : beef : to enter

: ?

: go into : . .

: .

: polite form of : cannot eat

: I, me : to eat : not containing

? : negative marker

: which(who) enter, containing, To learn more about making an adjective from a verb, please see lesson 9. adjective form of

? : not exist? / not have? : to not exist, to not have

: .

Noun A Noun B : Noun A and Noun B

: potato pizza : cheese pizza

: , .

: then, in that case : Please give

: . .

. : I see / I got it

22

 2 Dialog 2
: ? : . . : ,

Ordering Kimchi Stew

: kimchi stew : pork

Noun A Noun B : not Noun A, but Noun B

: tuna ~ : ~ also : exist, have : to exist, to have simple form of : 1, one

? : .

: , , .

: the thing, it : the thing, it

: adverb of : to be not spicy : adverb of : please do : . . : a little ~ : ~ only : to wait : to be spicy

: please wait

Korean food is famous for its spicy flavor. Koreans enjoy spicy food a lot. If food is a little bit spicy, Koreans tend to tell you it s not spicy. If food is quite spicy, Koreans tend to tell you it s a little bit spicy. If you are not familiar with Korean people and Korean food, don t trust them too much.

More Expressions

. Please give me a hamburger without mayonnaise. . Please give me a cold noodle soup without chili paste. . I am a vegetarian. . I cannot eat meat or seafood. . . Please give me one Bibimbap. Please give me the red chili paste separately. . Please give me the salad dressing separately. . I have an allergy to seafood. ? Does this food include salted shrimp, anchovies or fish?
Kimchi looks like a vegetarian food, but it s not. Kimchi includes , which is salted shrimp or anchovies or fish or oyster. If you are a strict vegetarian, it s not easy to find pure vegetarian Korean food. Please see page 30 for more information.

23

 More Vocabulary
1. Taste and Flavor
Present to be delicious to taste bad, to be not delicious to be salty to be sweet to be bitter to be spicy to be not salty enough, bland to be sour to greasy, oily () Adjective Adverb

Basic Form ( irregular) ( irregular) .

Please eat deliciously. (Please enjoy your meal.) I ate lunch too saltily. (My lunch was too salty.) I eat soup blandly(not saltily). (I like soup that is bland/not salty.) To learn more about irregular verbs, please see lesson 8.

. .

2.

Korean Food
chicken soup with ginseng and rice chicken soup with porridge kimchi spicy chicken bbq with vegetables soft tofu stew soybean paste stew a bowl of rice toppled with pork a bowl of rice toppled with squid in hot stone pot pork foot green onion fried pancake with seafood

chicken soup spicy chicken soup seasoned beef bbq beef rib bbq pork rib bbq kimchi stew grilled intestines cold noodle bibimbab (mixed rice) boiled pork kimchi fried pancake

24

3.
dog meat soup squid sashimi silkworm larvae pig's head raw beef beef blood

Must-Try Korean Food

live octopus fermented sashimi and , wrapped by old intestines pork intestines filled with noodles

4.
() ramen

Flour based food and Fast food

kimbap, seaweed rice roll pork intestines filled with noodle hot dog deep fried squid deep fried potato sandwich chewy and spicy cold noodles knife cut noodles

rice cake in hot sauce fish cake deep fry deep fried sweet potato hamburger triangle dumpling

steamed bun with red bean paste filling

5.

Meat
meat beef duck meat rib pork belly foot intestines leg wing chest, breast pork mutton snake meat pork rib bbq neck side meat pork foot beef intestines chicken leg chicken wing chicken breast chicken meat dog meat turkey beef rib bbq pork neck meat chicken foot pork intestines chicken gizzard beef blood

25

6.

Seafood
seafood small octopus fish (as sushi sea cucumber shrimp clam oyster seaweed food) squid small octopus fish (live) tuna sea squirt crab turban clam dried little pollack laver (seaweed) octopus white squid raw fish, sashimi thin mackerel mackerel lobster sea snail mussel kelp, seaweed

with raw fish, bowl of rice served with sushi, vegetable and chili paste

includes seaweed and any sea vegetables, such as , and .

7. ()
/

Vegetables
onion leek paprika pepper Chinese cabbage Korean lettuce bean sprouts pumpkin corn green pepper cabbage lettuce mushroom zucchini broccoli green onion carrot

vegetable chives egg plant garlic tomato cucumber bean sprouts potato radish

You may notice several foods that have a variant starting with (e.g. , vs. ). is based on a Chinese word meaning Western, so several variations of traditional Eastern vegetables that were introduced by the West are referred to by this prefix.

26

Grammar
Verb Stem + ()

1. Polite Commands

. Please look here. . Please give me a coke.

Please see Basic Conjugation rule #9 in Appendix 2.

2. Cannot ~

+ Verb Stem + //

. I cannot eat meat. Please see Basic Conjugation rule #3, Cannot form, in Appendix 2.

3. Polite Requests

Verb Stem + //

. Please wait for a while. Please see Basic Conjugation rule #8 in Appendix 2.

4. Making an Adverb from an adjective style verb

Verb Stem +

Ex. > . Please live healthily. > . Please eat deliciously.

> . I live pleasantly. > . I will live happily. Making Negative Adverbs from adjective style verbs : Verb stem + + Ex. > . I ate not spicily. (I ate not spicy food.)

> . Please not saltily make. (Please dont make it salty.) > . Please not complicatedly make. (Please dont make it complicated.)

27

 Exercise
1. Please translate to Korean like the example below. Ex. Please give me a potato pizza. > . A. Please give me dumplings.

B. Please give me 1 tomato and 2 carrots.

C. Please eat live octopus and silkworm larvae.

D. Please buy beef and pork.

E. Please hold my hand.

2. Please use the suggested verbs to complete the sentences like the example. Ex. > . . . . . . . .

A. . B. C. . D. . E. . F. .

3. Please use the suggested verbs to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > . A. B. C. D. E. F. Create your own sentence.

28

4. Please change the suggested verbs to adverbs and fill in the blanks. Ex. > !! . . . .

A. . B. ? . C.

. . . .

D. 1 . E.

5. Please answer the questions below in Korean. A. ?

B. ?

C. ?

D. ?

E. ?

29

Are You a Vegetarian?

Almost all Korean food contains some meat or seafood; it can be a little bit challenging to find vegetarian food in Korea. But there are some types of Korean food that are vegetarian, and you can always ask whether the meal contains any meat. You can also ask to remove meat or seafood from your food.

What Korean food can you order as vegetarian food? I suggest , , , , , . But unfortunately, these foods still contain some traces of meat or seafood. You have to say , , which means Please remove the meat and seafood.

There is one more thing that you have to remember. Many Korean people dont regard seafood as meat. Squid, shrimp, clam and oyster are not to Korean people. If you dont eat meat and seafood, you have to ask to remove both. If you say Does it contain meat? I dont eat meat. to a Korean, many Korean people will assume seafood is okay. You should make it very clear, and say . Please note that to Koreans some vegetables are considered seafood too,

such as , and .

If you are not a strict vegetarian and can speak just a little Korean, its not too hard to find good food.

If you are a strict vegetarian or a vegan, its much more difficult to find food. Many Korean foods contains anchovy powder or beef powder. Koreans also like to use dried anchovy or beef bones to make bases for soups. Even the typical vegetarian Korean food, kimchi, often contains oyster, anchovy, or shrimp. In this case, you have to know very detailed information about the food, which typically requires very good Korean language skills and a certain amount of experience. If you are a vegan and just came to Korea, I dont recommend trying any Korean food by yourself. Its better to get help from other people who have more information and experience.
30 Are You a Vegetarian?

 3 Lesson 3

Which Bus Do I Need To Take?

As a newcomer to Korea, you might be pleasantly surprised by the inexpensive, yet sophisticated and comprehensive public transportation system. The subway is very easy to use and generally requires little to no Korean language skill. The bus, however, is more complicated, and can be quite confusing and intimidating to an inexperienced visitor to Korea. But once you get used to it, its often the fastest, most convenient low-cost option to get around the city, and its certainly more scenic than the subway!

Illustrated by Douglas Holden

31

Key Expressions
What number bus do I have to take? How long does it take to DongDaeMun?

? Did we pass DongDaeMun?

1 Dialog 1
: , ?

Getting on the Bus

: bus ? : go? : to go : negative marker

: . . : ?

: dont go

: what number, how many times ? : should ride?

: 301 .

: opposite side : please ride

~ : at ~

To learn more about intransitive verbs, please see page 173.

: to ride (car, train, ship, skis, skates, horse) to burn (intransitive verb)

2 Dialog 2
: , ?

Getting Off the Bus

: hey, excuse me ? : passed? : to pass by

: . .

: yet, still

: not, negative marker

: didnt pass by : ? ~ : to~, until~ ? : take? : 30 . : around, about : take(time) : . : if(when) arrive : arrival : to arrive : how much, how long : to take (time)

: surely, must

: tell me please : to inform, notify, let someone know : . . : dont worry : worry(noun) : to worry

32

More Expressions

? How long does it take? ? How many hours does it take from Seoul to Busan? . . 100 . This stop is . Next is .

Please transfer to bus number 100.

. Please stop at the next stop. (Please drop me off at the next stop.) . You should get off now.

1. ~

More Vocabulary
How many ~
how many ~ what time(hour) what time(minute) how many people(polite) how many hours how many things how many animals how many glasses how many books ? ? ? ? ? ? how many times / what number What time is it? What minute is it? How many people are you? How many hours does it take? How many cards do you have? How many dogs do you have? how many people how many bottles

You might notice that the Korean is the same for minute as for person (polite): . Many Korean words, especially one-syllable ones, have two or more unrelated meanings, owing partly to the heavy influence of Chinese (despite Korean having a different origin). Thus, words often have a pure Korean meaning along with one (or more) that comes from adapting Chinese words into Korean. Incidentally, can also mean powder and anger, among other things. Context is very important in Korean!

33

2. 1
~ // / // // / //

Directions 1
direction of ~ left direction outside / outside / outward direction inside / inward direction front / front direction / front side behind / behind direction / back side side / side direction above / up direction / upper side ~ part/side of ~ right direction opposite side opposite side other side, opposite side opposite direction this way that way

// below / down direction / under side / middle / middle direction If you want to know more vocabulary about direction, please see lesson 7.

3.

How much ~ / How long ~

how much / how long How long does it take? How much shall I give you?

+ Verb type verb ? ?

+ Adjective type verb how (much) adjective ? ? ? ~ ? ? How big? How delicious? How fast? how much more ~ How much more delicious? How much longer does it take? ? ? ? How pretty? How expensive? How far?

34

Grammar
Verb Stem + /// ()

1. Required Actions

? What number bus do I have to ride? Please see Basic Conjugation rule #10 in Appendix 2.

2. If ~, or When ~

Verb Stem + ()

, . If it arrives at DongDaeMun, please let me know. Please see Basic Conjugation rule #22 in Appendix 2.

3. Polite Commands

Verb Stem + ()

301 . Please ride bus number 301. Please see Basic Conjugation rule #9 in Appendix 2.

4. Present Tense

Verb Stem + ////

? Does this bus go to DongDaeMun? . This bus does not go to DongDaeMun.

Please see Basic Conjugation rule #3 in Appendix 2.

5. Past Tense

Verb Stem + //

? Did it pass by DongDaeMun. . It didnt pass by yet.

Please see Basic Conjugation rule #4 in Appendix 2.

6. Polite Requests .

Verb Stem + //

Please let me know (notify me).

Please see Basic Conjugation rule #8 in Appendix 2.

7. Negative Commands

. Dont worry.

Please see Basic Conjugation rule #9 in Appendix 2.

35

 Exercise
1. Please use the suggested verbs to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > ? A. B. C. D. E. F. Create your own sentence.

2. Please connect matching phrases, and make one ifthen conditional sentence from them like the example below. Ex. A. B. C. D. E. F. > > > > > > > .

3. Please use the suggested verbs to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > 301 . A. B. C. D. E. Create your own sentence.

36

4. Please use the suggested verbs to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > ? A. B. C. D. E. Create your own sentence. F. Create your own sentence. . .

5. Please use the suggested verbs to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > ? A. B. C. D. E. F. Create your own sentence. . .

6. Please use the suggested verbs and fill in the blanks to make a polite request like the example below. Ex. > . . . . . . .

A. B. ? C. . D. E. F. .

37

7. Please use the suggested verbs to make sentences like the example below. Ex. > . A. B. C. D. E. Create your own sentence.

8. Please answer the questions below in Korean. A. ?

B. ?

C. ?

38

Number Refresher
Chinese 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 21 22 33 44 Korean () () () () () ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 100,000,000 Chinese Korean ()

For all values over 99, Chinese based numbers are used. In front of counting units, the Korean numbers , , , and become , , , and , respectively.

Use Chinese numbers for (minute), (second), (day), (month), (year), (won, money), (amount of food for the number of people)

Use Korean numbers for other counting units, under 100

thing 1 2 3 4 5 20 21 many

people

people

Animal

glass

book

bottle

paper 39

Number Refresher

Wait, what? Why do I use Chinese numbers to count some random nouns, and Korean numbers for others? It depends on a couple of things. If the noun tends to come in large quantities or are abstract values (e.g., money, units of measure), Chinese numbers are used because Korean numbers only go up to 99. Also, if the word is of Chinese origin (e.g., ), it usually needs to be paired with a Chinese number. Careful - dont use a Korean number with (year), or you may offend someone! The (pure) Korean meaning is quite different (see page 85)!

Examples of Using Chinese Numbers ? How much is this? . Its 34,500 won.

? How long does it take to get home? . It takes 50 minutes.

? What date is it today? . Its August 14th.

? What number bus do I have to ride? . Please ride bus no.301.

. ? Welcome. What shall I give you? . Please give me 3 servings of chicken bbq.

Examples of Using Korean Numbers ? How many boyfriends do you have? . I have 5.

? How much did you drink yesterday? . I drank 2 bottles of beer.

Examples of Using Both ? What time is it now? . Its 3:50.

? What shall I serve you? . Please give me 4 servings of Bulgogi and 5 bottles of soju.
40 Number Refresher