A Detailed Lesson Plan in Biology II I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to: a.

identify and explain each stage/phase of mitosis b. exhibit willingness to help one another in performing the activities assigned to the group c. handle and manipulate the microscope and prepared slide properly II. Subject Matter Topic: Mitosis Source: Science and Technology Textbook for Second Year Biology Textbook II SEDIP Materials: prepared slides/specimen, microscope, instructional materials Background Knowledge: Mitosis occurs in most multicellular organisms Values: Cooperation within the group is needed in an activity to arrive at a correct observation III. Procedure Teacher's Activity Student's Activity A. Preparation: Good afternoon teacher! Good afternoon class! Before anything else, let us first stand up and start our class with a prayer. Were okay teacher. How are you today? Well are you ready to lend your ears for Yes teacher. our discussion today? B. Motivation: ( Giving of Trivia ) Class, did you know that the biggest organism in the world is the blue whale which is composed of 100 quadrillion cells? The human body is composed of approximately 50 - 75 trillion cells. While the smallest organism in the world is amoeba which is composed of only one cell! Ok class, I want you to look under your chair. You will see a piece of colored paper. For those who have the same colored paper, group yourselves. I will be giving each group a brown envelope. Inside the envelope are the cutout picture and your task is to put them

together to find out what is the mystery creature. Do the activity for 5 minutes. (after 5 minutes...) Group 1, what is the mystery creature that you have formed? How about the group 2? For the Group 3, what is the mystery creature? How about the group 4? C. Presentation of the lesson Our lesson for today is related to the activity we had. Since these animals are composed of cell. These cells carry on many functions needed to sustain life. They grow and divide, thereby producing more cells. This cell division is referred to as mitosis. Today, we will be tackling about the process of mitosis. For you to have an in depth understanding of our lesson today, we will have an activity. Again, group yourselves with the same group you have on the first activity. We will be giving worksheets as your guide and where you can also put your notes and answers. (distribute the worksheets) Instruction: Cells do not divide at the same time. Thus, in the slide, you will find cells at different stages of mitosis. With the LPO, locate and study the cells at these stages. Then switch to the HPO to study the nucleus in detail. Answer also the questions given in your worksheets. Tiger Bird Eagle Manatee/Dugong

Activity 5.1 Observing Mitosis Materials: prepared slides of the onion root tip microscope 1. Study the different stages of mitosis in onion root tip in the figure below.

Q1. What happens to the structures in the nucleus in each stage? Q2. What happens to the cytoplasm? Q3. What happens to the cell wall? 2. Observe the these stages in a prepared slide of onion root tip cells under the low power objective (LPO), then in high power objective (HPO). (After the observation...) For the Group 1, report your findings about PHOPHASE base on what you have observed under the microscope. For the Group 2, report your findings about METAPHASE base on what you have observed under the microscope. For the Group 3, report your findings about ANAPHASE base on what you have observed under the microscope. For the Group 4, report your findings about TELOPHASE base on what you Report on Prophase Report on Metaphase have observed under the microscope. Report on Anaphase Report on Telophase

From other groups, do you have a question to the report of group 1, group 2, Questions from each group group 3, group 4.

Based on your observation and report, what concept did you get from our (answers may vary) activity? cells undergo mitosis What did you felt upon finishing the activity and coming up with correct observation? mitosis occurs in most organisms mitosis is the division of cell

We are overwhelmed and we found out that there is a need for us to cooperate in Were you able to appreciate the value of order to arrive at a correct and precise cooperation within the group? observation. D. Discussion Since our topic for today is focused on mitosis, who can give an idea of what mitosis is? Ms. Rissa, what is your idea of mitosis? According to what I have read and my observations too, mitosis is the division Very good explanation! of a single parent cell into two new For elaboration, mitosis is a way of daughter cell. dividing the replicated chromatin into two similar and equal parts. Each of these parts is passed on to two new nuclei. Mitosis has four stages namely PROPHASE, METAPHASE, ANAPHASE, and TELOPHASE. Look at the first stage which is the prophase. What did you observe in the illustration? Ok, Mr. Yute, what is happening inside the cell in the illustration? Describe. As what I have observed, there is a dense and dark spot on the cell. Yes teacher.

Good!

In stage 1, prophase, the chromosomes are thicker and shorter because of repeated coiling. At this stage, the chromosomes are double-stranded. Each strand is called a chromatid. The two chromatids produced from the one chromosome are still attached at one point, called the centromere or kinetochore. The nuclear membrane and nuclei may still be present. I will show you a short video clip on prophase. (Show video clip...) Lets proceed to the second stage the metaphase. What did you observe in the illustration? Ok, Ms. Stefani, what is happening now inside the cell in the illustration? Describe. As what I have observed, the dark spot starts to form at the middle of the cell.

Ok. Good! In stage 2, metaphase, the spindle is at the center of the cell where the nucleus used to be. The nuclear membrane has disappeared. The chromatids are almost at the middle of the spindle. Each centromere of the sister chromatids is attached to a single spindle fiber. I will show you a short video clip on metaphase. (show the video clip) Lets proceed to the third stage the anaphase. What did you observe in the illustration? Ok, Ms. Chengrose, what is happening now inside the cell in the illustration? Describe.

As what I have observed, the dense or dark spot divides into two and it goes on the opposite side of the cell.

Good! In stage 3, anaphase, the centromere initially divides and the new singlestranded chromosomes move away from each other toward the opposite poles of the spindle. These new chromosomes come from chromatids of double-stranded chromosomes formed in the prophase and the metaphase stages. I will show you a short video clip on anaphase. (show a video clip) Finally, lets proceed to the fourth stage, the telophase. What did you observe in the illustration? Ok, Mr. Jerry, what is happening now inside the cell? Describe.

As what I observed, the dense spot is at Ok, good! both ends and is already dividing into two In stage 4, telophase, the chromosomes new cells. are now at opposite poles of the spindle. They have started to uncoil and become indistinct under the light microscope. A new nuclear membrane may have formed around them. The spindle may have disappeared. I will show you a short video clip on telophase including cytokinesis. (show a video clip)

E. Wrap-up/Closure Since we had already finished our activity

and discussion, you already learned something. What did you learned from our lesson today? Ok, Ms. Niez. Very good! How about you, Ms. Maila? Very good! How about the others? What are the stages of mitosis? Ms. Katherine. Very good! I have learned that cells undergo cell division to form new cells. I have learned that organisms are composed of cell/s. The stages mitosis is prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. IV. Evaluation Direction: In a piece of paper, identify the stages of mitosis. Draw each phase/stage in chronological order and explain each stage in your own words in one sentence ONLY.

V. Assignment A. Research further on the stages of mitosis. Elaborate each stage and submit it next meeting. Put it in a one whole sheet of long bond paper. B. Read in advance "Meiosis" on pages 128-134, Science and Technology Textbook for Second Year and answer the following questions: 1. What is Meiosis? 2. What is the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis? 3. What re the stages of Meiosis?

Prepared by: Pablo A. Ragay Jr. BSED-II major in Biology