PART 2

(a) Diagram 1 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10 cm. Semicircles PAB and BCR of
diameter d1 and d2 respectively are inscribed in the semicircle PQR such that the sum of
d1 and d2 is equal to 10 cm.

Complete Table 1 by using various values of d1 and the corresponding values of d2.
Hence, determine the relation between the lengths of arcs PQR, PAB and BCR.

The length of arc (s) of a circle can be found by using the formula

where r is the radius.

The result is as below:

table-1.png (31.58 KB) Viewed 41164 times

From the table, we can conclude that

Length of arc PQR = Length of arc PAB + Length of arc

BCR
(b) Diagram 2 shows a semicircle PQR of diameter 10 cm. Semicircles PAB, BCD and
DER of diameter d1, d2 and d3 respectively are inscribed in the semicircle PQR such
that the sum of d1, d2 and d3 is equal to 10 cm.

(i) Using various values of d1 and d2 and the corresponding values of d3, determine the
relation between the lengths of arcs PQR, PAB, BCD and DER. Tabulate your findings.

Again, we use the same formula to find the length of arc of PQR, PAB, BCD and DER.

This time, the table is a big one. You can click on the table to change to the full size view.

table-2.png (52.46 KB) Viewed 41314 times

Again, we can conclude that:

Length of arc PQR = Length of arc PAB + Length of arc
BCD + Length of arc CDR
(ii) Based on your findings in (a) and (b), make generalisations about the length of the
arc of the outer semicircle and the lengths of arcs of the inner semicircles for n inner
semicircles where n = 2, 3, 4....

Base on the findings in the table in(a) and (b) above, we conclude that:

The length of the arc of the outer semicircle is

equal to the sum of the length of arcs of any
number of the inner semicircles.
(c) For different values of diameters of the outer semicircle, show that the
generalisations stated in b (ii) is still true.

circle6.png (10.23 KB) Viewed 40963 times

Diagram above shows a big semicircle with n number of small inner circle. From the
diagram, we can see that

The length of arc of the outer semicircle

The sum of the length of arcs of the inner semicircles

Factorise π/2

Substitute
We get,

where d is any positive real number.

We can see that

As a result, we can conclude that

The length of the arc of the outer semicircle is
equal to the sum of the length of arcs of any
number of the inner semicircles. This is true for
any value of the diameter of the semicircle.
In other words, for different values of diameters of the outer semicircle, show that the
generalisations stated in b (ii) is still true.

Since post 6 had answered Part 1 and Part 2, I will just show the solution for Part 3.
As in post 2 had answered question 3 (a) and 3 (b), I will briefly explain question 3 (c), 3
(d) and 3 (e).
Part 3 is a little bit mind twisting.

3 (c) Linear Law

y = -πx^2/4 + 5πx/2
Change it to linear form of Y = mX + C.
y/x = -πx/4 + 5π/2
Y = y/x
X=x
m = -π/4
C = 5π/2
Thus, plot a graph of y/x against x and draw the line of best fit.
Find the value of y/x when x = 4.5 m.
Then multiply y/x you get with 4.5 to get the actual value of y.

3 (d) We need to get the largest value of y so that the cost of constructing the garden is
minimum.
Method 1: Differentiation
y = -πx^2/4 + 5πx/2
dy/dx = -πx/2 + 5π/2
(d^2)y/dx^2 = -π/2 <--- y has a maximum value.
At maximum point, (d^2)y/dx^2 = 0.
-πx/2 + 5π/2 = 0
πx/2 = 5π/2
x=5m
x = 5 m:
maximum value of y = -π(5^2)/4 + 5π(5)/2
= 6.25π m^2
Method 2: Completing the Square
y = -πx^2/4 + 5πx/2
= -π/4(x^2 - 10x)
= -π/4(x^2 - 10x + 25 - 25)
= -π/4[(x - 5)^2 - 25]
= -π/4(x - 5)^2 + 25π/4
y is a n shape graph as a = -π/4.
Hence, it has a maximum value.
When x = 5 m, maximum value of the graph = 6.25π m^2.

3 (e) Arithmetic Progression

The keywords are:
The principal suggested an additional of 12 semicircular flower beds to the design
submitted by the Mathematics Society. (n = 12)
The sum of the diameters of the semicircular flower beds is 10 m. (S12 = 10 m)
The diameter of the smallest flower bed is 30 cm. (a = 30 cm = 0.3 m)
The diameter of the flower beds are increased by a constant value successively. (d = ?)
S12 = (n/2)[2a + (n - 1)d]
10 = (12/2)[2(0.3) + (12-1)d]
= 6(0.6 + 11d)
= 3.6 + 66d
66d = 6.4
d = 16/165
Since the first flower bed is 0.3 m,
Hence the diameters of remaining 11 flower beds expressed in arithmetic progression are:
131/330 m, 163/330 m, 13/22 m, 227/330 m, 259/330 m, 97/110 m, 323/330 m, 71/66 m,
129/110 m, 419/330 m, 41/30 m

If there is any mistake please kindly PM or e-mail me.

I haven't done my project work yet but this is my brief working on it.
Let me know my mistake so that I won't get wrong when I started doing it.

To post 6: (This is what my teacher said.)

Part 2 (b) (ii):
You need to make a generalization by induction for findings in (a) and (b) (ii) but not a
statement.
I suggest,
(s out) = ∑ n (s in), n = 2, 3, 4, ......
where,
s in = length of arc of inner semicircle
s out = length of arc of outer semicircle
Part 2 (c):
You need to take at least 2 different values of diameters for the outer semicircle.
You need to show your tables for each value of those diameters.
This part is only to prove that your generalization stated in Part 2 (b) (ii) is still true.

But it is good to make a proof for it.