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Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
Elementary Algebra
The following exercises are a sample of the concepts and skills covered in the
CPT for new undergraduate students enrolling at St. Thomas University. The
answer key for these problems is located at the end of this document.
1 2 5
2. Simplify − +−
2 3 6
3. Simplify −7 + 2 + (−2) + 4
7 3
4. Simplify: •
9 7
3
−
4
5. Simplify 9
−
16
yz
6. Evaluate: when y = 7 and z = -11
y+z
6x y+2
7. Evaluate: d = rt if r= and t =
y 2x
9. 8x + 5x + 2x + 4x = 114, then 5x + 3 =
1 3 a
10. Solve − =
2 4 5
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
1
11. Solve for h: V = h ( a + b )
3
2A
13. Solve the following equation for A : /3 = 8 + 4A
14. If one-third of a number is added to three times the number, the result is
30. Find the number.
15. If Leah is 6 years older than her sister, Sue, and John is 5 years older
than Leah, and the total of their ages is 41. Then how old is Sue?
16. If 300 jellybeans cost you x dollars. How many jellybeans can you
purchase for 50 cents at the same rate?
x x
17. Solve ≥ 2+
3 6
19. Expand (2 x − 7)
2
6 x 4 − 8 x3 + 9
20. Simplify
3x3
−2
3m−2 n0
21. Simplify −7 4
m n
3k − 21
23. Simplify
k 2 − 5k − 14
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
x 2
24. Simplify +
x+7 x−7
10m2 n 4 15mn6
25. Simplify ÷
9m3n 21m2 n
4 3 1
26. Solve − =
m 2m 2
28. Simplify 49 + 82 + 62 + 1
49 x10 y 5
29. Simplify:
7 x2 y
x 2 − x − 2 or 2x2 − 5 x + 3
x x x
32. Simplify: − −
23 4
Answer key
-1 + 7 + 4
6+4
10
1 2 5
2. Simplify − +−
2 3 6
1 1× 3 3
= =
2 2×3 6
2 2× 2 4
= =
3 3× 2 6
5 5 ×1 5
− =− =−
6 6 ×1 6
3 4 5 3 − 4 + ( −5 ) −1 + ( −5 ) −6
− +− = = = = −1
6 6 6 6 6 6
3. Simplify −7 + 2 + (−2) + 4
7 3
4. Simplify: •
9 7
Simplify the fractions before you multiply (this is called cross cancellation).
1 1
7 3 1 •1 1
• = =
9 7 3 •1 3
3 1
3
−
4
5. Simplify 9
−
16
3
−
4 3 9
9 is another way to write the division − ÷ −
− 4 16
16
To divide by a fraction, you must multiply by the reciprocal of the fraction.
−1 −4
3 9 3 16 −/•
3 −16 // 4
− ÷− = − •− = =
4 16 4 9 4/• 9/ 3
1 3
yz
6. Evaluate: when y = 7 and z = -11
y+z
Substitute the variables by its values and follow order of operations. Fractions
are division problems, so dividing two negatives yield a positive.
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
yz
=
( 7 )( −11) = −77 = 77
y + z 7 + ( −11) −4 4
6x y+2
7. Evaluate: d = rt if r= and t =
y 2x
Substitute the variables by its values and follow order of operations. Caution: You
cannot cancel out terms!
3
6 x y + 2 6/ x/ ( y + 2 ) 3 ( y + 2 ) 3 ( y + 2 )
d = rt = = = =
y 2x 2/ xy
/ 1y y
1
−c − 5b = − ( −1) − 5 ( −2 ) = 1 + 10 = 11
9. 8x + 5x + 2x + 4x = 114, then 5x + 3 =
8x + 5x + 2x + 4x = 114
19x=114
19 x 114
=
19 19
x=6
5(6) + 3 = 30 + 3 = 33
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
1 3 a
10. Solve − =
2 4 5
Eliminate the fractions in the equation by multiplying each term of the equation by
the least common denominator.
1 3 a
20 • − 20 • = 20 •
2 4 5
Simplify.
10 – 15 = 4a
-5 = 4a
−5 4 a
=
4 4
5
− =a
4
1
11. Solve for h: V = h ( a + b )
3
Eliminate the fraction in the equation by multiplying both sides of the equation by
the denominator.
1
V • 3 = h (a + b) • 3
3
3V = h ( a + b )
Next, undo the multiplication by (a + b). Divide both sides of the equation by (a +
b).
3V h (a + b)
=
( a + b) ( a + b)
3V
=h
( a + b)
or
3V
h=
(a + b)
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
15 z 3 y
=
15 15
3
z= y
15
1
z= y
5
Second, replace the value of z that was found previously in the equation r = 5z.
1 1
r = 5z = 5 y = 5 • y = 1y = y
5 5
So, r = y.
2A
13. Solve the following equation for A : /3 = 8 + 4A
Eliminate the fraction in the equation by multiplying each term of the equation by
the denominator.
2A
• 3 = 8•3 + 4A•3
3
2 A = 24 + 12 A
Solve for A.
2 A − 12 A = 24 + 12 A − 12 A
−10 A 24
=
−10 −10
24 12
A=− =−
10 5
14. If one-third of a number is added to three times the number, the result is 30.
Find the number.
1
n + 3n = 30
3
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
Eliminate the fraction, combine like terms and solve for n.
1
n • 3 + 3n • 3 = 30 • 3
3
n + 9n = 90
10n 90
=
10 10
n=9
15. If Leah is 6 years older than her sister, Sue, and John is 5 years older than
Leah, and the total of their ages is 41. Then how old is Sue?
L represents Leah’s age; S represents Sue’s age and J represents John’s age.
L=6+S
J=5+L
L + S + J = 41
J = 5 + (6 + S)
J = 11 + S
Substitute the values of L and J into the equation L + S + J = 41 and solve for S.
(6 + S) + S + (11 + S) = 41
17 + 3S = 41
3S = 41 – 17
3S = 24
S=8
L = 6 + 8 = 14
J = 11 + 8 = 19.
16. If 300 jellybeans cost you x dollars. How many jellybeans can you purchase
for 50 cents at the same rate?
Set up a proportion.
Multiply each side of the equation by 0.50 dollars to solve for ? jelly beans.
x x
•6 ≥ 2•6 + •6
3 6
2 x ≥ 12 + x
Solve for x.
2 x − x ≥ 12 + x − x
x ≥ 12
The graph of this inequality is
Convert the subtraction into an addition by changing the sign of each term of the
polynomial after the subtraction symbol.
(8m 3
+ 6m2 − 4 ) + ( −5m2 + 2m3 − 2 )
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
Combine like terms.
( 8m 3
+ 2m3 ) + ( 6m 2 − 5m 2 ) + ( −4 − 2 )
10m3 + m2 − 6
19. Expand (2 x − 7)
2
(2 x − 7)2 = ( 2 x − 7 )( 2 x − 7 )
= 2 x ( 2 x ) + 2 x ( −7 ) − 7 ( 2 x ) − 7 ( −7 )
= 4 x 2 − 14 x − 14 x + 49
= 4 x 2 − 28 x + 49
6 x 4 − 8 x3 + 9
20. Simplify
3x 3
Divide each term of the numerator by the denominator and apply exponent rules.
6 x 4 − 8 x 3 + 9 6 x 4 8 x3 9 8 1
= − + = 2 x − +
3x3 3 x 3 3 x3 3 x 3 3 x3
−2
3m−2 n0
21. Simplify −7 4
m n
−2
3m−2 n0
( ) = (3m n )
−2
−2 −( −7 ) 0 − 4 5 −4 −2
−7 4 = 3m n
m n
( 3m n )
5 −4 −2
= 31( −2) m5( −2) n−4( −2) = 3−2 m−10 n8
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
Last, simplify expression with positive exponents. Apply negative exponent rule.
−2 1 1
−10 8 n8
3 m n = 2 • 10 • n = 10
8
3 m 9m
5 x 3 −20 x 2 + 20 x = 0
5x ( x2 − 4 x + 4) = 0
5 x ( x − 2 )( x − 2 ) = 0
5 x ( x − 2 )( x − 2 ) = 0
5 x = 0 or x − 2 = 0
x = 0 or x = 2
3k − 21
23. Simplify
k − 5k − 14
2
3k − 21 3( k − 7)
=
k 2 − 5k − 14 ( k − 7 )( k − 2 )
3( k − 7) 3
=
( k − 7 )( k − 2 ) k − 2
x 2
24. Simplify +
x+7 x−7
First, find least common denominator (LCD). The LCD for this problem is
(x +7)(x – 7).
x x−7 2 x+7
+
x+7 x−7 x−7 x+7
x ( x − 7) 2 ( x + 7)
+
( x + 7 )( x − 7 ) ( x − 7 )( x + 7 )
Third, apply distributive property and combine like terms.
x2 − 7 x 2 x + 14
+
( x + 7 )( x − 7 ) ( x − 7 )( x + 7 )
x 2 − 7 x + 2 x + 14
( x + 7 )( x − 7 )
x 2 − 5 x + 14
( x + 7 )( x − 7 )
Last, factor the polynomial in the numerator and simplify rational expression by
canceling common factors.
x 2 − 5 x + 14
=
( x − 7 )( x + 2 ) = x + 2
( x + 7 )( x − 7 ) ( x + 7 )( x − 7 ) x + 7
10m2 n 4 15mn6
25. Simplify ÷
9m3n 21m2 n
To divide by a fraction, you must multiply by the reciprocal.
10m2 n4 21m2 n
×
9m3n 15mn6
Cross cancel numerical factors and apply exponent rules.
2 7
10m n 21m n 10 m n • 21 m2 n 14m4 n5 14
2 4 2 2 4
× = = =
9m3n 15mn6 9 m3n • 15 mn6 9m4 n 7 9n 2
3 3
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
4 3 1
26. Solve − =
m 2m 2
Eliminate the fractions in the equation by multiplying each term of the equation by
the least common denominator. Simplify and solve for m.
4 3 1
• 2m − • 2m = • 2m
m 2m 2
8−3 = m
5=m
or
m=5
27. If the average of three numbers is V. If one of the numbers is Z and another
is Y, what is the remaining number?
Translate the problem into an equation using the formula to calculate the
average. Assume X is the third number.
Sum of DataValues
Average =
Number of DataValues
X +Y + Z
V=
3
Solve for X.
X +Y + Z
V •3 = •3
3
3V = X + Y + Z
3V − Y − Z = X + Y + Z − Y − Z
3V − Y − Z = X
or
X = 3V − Y − Z
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
28. Simplify 49 + 82 + 62 + 1
Follow order of operations. Simplify first the expression inside the second square
root.
49 + 82 + 62 + 1
49 + 64 + 36 + 1
49 + 100 + 1
49 + 100 + 1
7 + 10 + 1
Add from left to right.
17 + 1
18
49 x10 y 5
29. Simplify:
7 x2 y
49 x10 y5
2
= 7 x8 y 4
7x y
7 x8 y 4 = 7 • x8 • y 4 = 7 • x 4 • y 2 = x 4 y 2 7
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
30. The formula to calculate the circumference of a circle is C = 2π r , where C is
the circumference and r is the radius of the circle. What is the radius of the
circle that has a circumference of 6π ?
C = 2π r
6π = 2π r
6π 2π r
=
2π 2π
3= r
or
r =3
x 2 − x − 2 or 2x2 − 5 x + 3
Factor each trinomial.
x2 − x − 2 or 2x 2 − 5 x + 3
( x − 2 )( x + 1) or ( 2 x − 3)( x − 1)
Therefore, (x – 1) is a factor of 2x 2 − 5 x + 3 .
x x x
32. Simplify: − −
23 4
x x x x x x x x2 x2
− − = − − − = − +
23 4 23 2 4 6 8
x 2 4 x 2 3 −4 x 2 3x 2 −4 x 2 + 3x 2 − x 2
− + = + = =
6 4 8 3 24 24 24 24
Review for CPT
Placement Examination
Math 099 and 100A
33. Find the area of a circle if the radius is (x + 3).
A = π r 2 = π ( x + 3)
2
( x + 3) = ( x + 3)( x + 3) = x 2 + 3 x + 3x + 9 = x 2 + 6 x + 9
2
Replace ( x + 3) with x 2 + 6 x + 9 .
2
A = π r 2 = π ( x + 3) = π ( x 2 + 6 x + 9 )
2
34. Find the perimeter of a rectangle when the width is x and the length is
x + 3.
P = 2L + 2W
P = 2(x + 3) + 2x
Simplify.
P = 2x + 6 + 2x
P = 4x + 6
a 2 + b2 = c2
a 2 + 162 = 202
a 2 + 256 = 400
a 2 = 400 − 256
a 2 = 144
a = 144
a = 12