LATIN 3/4

Notebook Project
Period 4/6
Cara Short 5/4/2013

Terminology Case- how the word is understood in a sentence Number- whether a noun is singular or plural Gender-whether a noun is masculine, feminine, or neuter in Latin TenseVoice- whether the verb is active or passive Person- whether the verb is 1st, 2nd, or 3rd person MoodDeclension- nouns grouped together with the same case endings Conjugation- a group of verbs that form the endings the same way

Noun Endings 1st Declension 2nd Declension- Masc. 2nd Declension Neuter 3rd DeclensionMasc./Fem Singular Plural Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. a ae ae am ae arum is as is Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Singular us i o um o 4th Declension Masc./Fem Singular Plural Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. * is i * e a um ibus a ibus Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Singular us s ui um u Plural s uum ibus s ibus Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Singular Plural u s u u u ua uum ibus ua ibus Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Singular es ei ei em e Plural es erum ebus es ebus Plural i orum is os is Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Singular Plural um i o um o a orum is a is Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc. Abl. Singular * is i em e 5th Declension Plural es um ibus es ibus

3rd Declension-Neuter

4th Declension-Neuter

Case Uses Nominative- Subject Puella aquam portat. The girl carries water.

Genative- Possession Ad insulam navigabis et in silvam ambulas et pecuniam puellarum nautae donabis. You will sail to the island and walk in the forest and you will give the money of the girls to the sailor.

Dative- Indirect object Nautis litters mnstrbo. I will show the letters to the sailors

Dative- Agent Navigavimus urbi videndae. We sailed to see the city.

Dative- Double Dative Accusative-Direct object Puella amat familiam. The girl loves the family.

Accusative- Place to which Ambulo ad undas. I walk toward the waves.

Accusative- Extent of time and space Ablative-Means Puella aqu nautam servabit. The girl will save the sailor with water.

Ablative- Manner Magister discipulum cum magno studio verberavit. The teacher beat the student with great eagerness.

Ablative- Place where Signa et arma ad terram novam portare maturavimus. We hastened to carry the signal and the weapons to the new lord.

AblativePlace from which Agricola in silva navigavit ab insula ad reginam. The farmer in the woods sailed (away) from the island to the queen.

Ablative- Time When Decimo anno belli, Graeci equum magnum fecerunt. In the tenth year of the war, the Greeks made a big horse.

Ablative- Accompaniment Puella cum amico praedam portabat. The girl carried the loot with her friends.

Ablative- Agent Milites Graeci a Cyclope oppugnati errant. The Greek soldiers had been attacked by the Cyclops.

Ablative- Respect Sumus magni libertate, sed non pecuni. We are great in (respect to) freedom but not in (respect to) money.

Ablative- Comparison Secunda est stultior aliis puellis. Secunda is more stupid than other girls.

Ablative- Absolute Aqua portata puella nautam spectavit. With the water having been carried, the girl watched the sailor.

Ablative- Degree of Difference Secunda est multo stultior aliis puellis. Secunda is more stupid by much than many other girls.

Adjectives Statement of Adjectives: adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in case, number, and gender. Positive Base meaning -us, -a,-um -is, -is, -e Comparative -er, more -ior -ius Superlative -est, most -ss-ll- + 1st/2nd declension endings

Ex. Laetus, laeta, laetum -ior- + 3rd declension ending -rr-

Verbals Partciples Act. Pres. -ns -nt- + 4th declension ending = -ing Perf. Pass.

4th entry = having been____ Gerundives -(e)ndus, (e)nda, (e)ndum

Fut.

4th entry with -ur- ( before -us) = about to ____

Infinitives Act. Present -are -ere -re -ire = to ____ 3rd dict, entry + -sse = to have ____ Passive Fut. Act. Participle + esse = to be about to ____ Gerunds 1st Conj./2nd Conj. 3rd /3rd io/ 4th Conj. Pass. -ari -ri -i -iri = to be ____ 4th entry + iri = to have been ____ 4th entry + iri = to be about to be ____

Perfect

Drop -re from 2nd entry. Add: Drop -o from 1st entry. Add: Sing./Pl. Nom X Nom Sing./PL. X

Gen Dat Acc Abl

-ndi -ndo -ndum -ndo

Gen Dat Acc abl

-(e)ndi -(e)ndo -(e)ndum -(e)ndo

Sequence of Tenses Tense of main verb Tense of subordinate verb Primary Sequence Present OR Future OR Future Perfect Secondary sequence Imperfect OR Perfect OR Pluperfect Imperfect Subjunctive OR Pluperfect Subjunctive Present Subjunctive OR Perfect Subjunctive

Full Conjugation of: Amo, amare, amavi, amatus to love Indicative:

Present Active 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Amo Amas amat

Pl. amamus Amatis Amant

Present Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. amor amaris amatur

Pl. amamur amamini amantur

Imperfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing.

Pl.

Amabam Amabamus Amabas Amabatis amabat amabant

Imperfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing.

Pl.

amabar amabamur Amabaris amabamini amabatur amabantur

Future Active Sing. 1st amabo 2nd amabis rd 3 amabit Perfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd Pluperfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd Sing. Amavi Amavisti amavit Sing.

Pl. amabimus amabitis amabunt

Future Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Amabor amaberis amabitur

Pl. amabimur amabimini amabuntur Pl. Amati sumus Amati estis Amati sum Pl. Amati eramus Amati eratis Amati erant

Pl. Amavimus amavistis amaverunt Pl.

Perfect Passive Sing. 1st Amatus sum 2nd Amatus es rd 3 Amatus est

Pluperfect Passive Amaveram Amaveramus 1st Amaveras amaverat Amaveratis amaverant 2nd 3rd

Sing. Amatus eram Amatus eras Amatus erat

Fut. Perf. Active Sing. 1st Amavero

Pl. Fut. Perf. Passive Sing. Amaverimus 1st Amatus ero

Pl. Amati erimus

2nd 3rd Subjunctive: Present Active 1st 2nd 3rd

Amaveris Amaveritis amaverit amaverint

2nd 3rd

Amatus eris Amati eritis Amatus erit Amati erunt

Sing. amem Ames amet

Pl. amemus ametis ament

Present Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Amer Ameris ametur

Pl. Amemur Amemini amentur Sing. amarer Amareris amaretur Sing. Amatus sim Amatus sis Amatus sit Sing. Amatus essem Amatus esses Amatus esset Pl. amaremur Amaremini amarentur Pl. Amati simus Amati sitis Amati sint Pl. Amati essemus Amati essetis Amati essent

Imperfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd Perfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd Fut. Perf. Active 1st

Sing. Amarem Amares amaret

Pl. amaremus amaretis amarent Pl. Amaverimus Amaveritis Amaverint Pl.

Imperfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd Perfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Amaverim Amaveris amaverit Sing.

Fut.Perf. Passive Amavissem Amavissemus 1st 2nd 3rd

2nd Amavisses Amavissetis rd 3 amavisset amavissent Teneo, tenre, tenui, tentus to hold Indicative: Present Active 1st 2
nd rd

Sing. Teno Tens tent

Pl. Tenmus Tentis tennt

Present Passive 1st 2

nd rd

Sing. tenor tenris tentur

Pl. tenmur tenmini tenntur

Imperfect Active 1st 2nd

Sing.

Pl.

Tenbam Tenbamus Tenbas Tenbatis

Imperfect Passive 1st 2nd

Sing.

Pl.

Tenbar Tenbamur Tenbaris Tenbamini

3rd

Tenbat

Tenbant Pl. Tenbimus Tenbitis tenbunt Pl. Tenuimus Tenuistis tenuerunt

3rd

Tenbatur

Tenbantur Pl. Tenbimur Tenbimini tenbuntur Pl. Tenti sumus Tenti estis Tenti sunt Pl. Tenti eramus Tenti eratis Tenti erant

Future Active Sing. 1st Tenbo nd 2 Tenbis rd 3 tenbit Perfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd Sing. Tenui Tenuisti tenuit

Future Passive 1st 2nd 3rd Perfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Tenbor Tenberis tenbitur Sing. Tentus sum Tentus es Tentus est

Pluperfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd Fut. Perf. Active 1st 2nd 3rd Subjunctive: Present Active 1st 2
nd rd

Sing. Tenueram Tenueras tenuerat Sing. Tenuero Tenueris tenuerit

Pl. Tenueramus Tenueratis tenuerant Pl. Tenuerimus Tenueritis tenuerint

Pluperfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Tentus eram Tentus eras Tentus erat

Fut. Perf. Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Tentus ero Tentus eris Tentus erit

Pl. Tentus erimus Tentus eratis Tentus erant

Sing.

Pl.

Tenam Tenamus Tenas tenat Tenatis tenant

Present Passive 1st 2

nd rd

Sing. Tenar tenatur

Pl. Tenamur tenantur

Tenaris Tenamini

Imperfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing.

Pl.

Tenrem Tenremus Tenres Tenretis Tenret Tenrent

Imperfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing.

Pl.

Tenrer Tenremur Tenreris Tenremini Tenretur Tenrentur

Perfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing.

Pl.

Tenuerim Tenerimus Tenueris Tenuerit Tenueritis Tenuerint

perfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing.

Pl.

Tentus Tenti sim simus Tentus Tenti sitis sis Tentus sit Tenti sint

pluperfect Active 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing.

Pl.

Tenuissem Tenuissemus Tenuisses Tenuisset Tenuissetis Tenuissent

pluperfect Passive 1st 2nd 3rd

Sing. Tentus essem Tentus esses Tentus esset

Pl. Tentus essemus Tentus essetis Tentus essent

Pono, ponere, posui, positus to place

Irregular Verbs Sum,esse,fui, futurus-to be Present indic. 1st 2nd 3rd Imperfect indic. 1st 2nd 3rd Possum Present indic. Sing Pl Present Subjun. Sing Pl st 1 1st 2nd 2nd rd 3 3rd imperfect indic. Sing Pl Future indic. Sing Pl st st 1 1 2nd 2nd 3rd 3rd Volo, velle, volui to want Present Indic. 1st 2nd 3rd Sing. Volo Vis vult Pl. Volumus Vultis volunt Present Subjun. 1st 2nd 3rd Sing. Velim Velis velit Pl. Velimus Velitis velint Sing Sum Es est Sing Eram Eras erat Pl sumus Estis Sunt Pl eramus Eratis Errant Present Subjun. 1st 2nd 3rd Future Indic. 1st 2nd 3rd Sing Sim Sis sit Sing Ero Eris erit Pl Simus Sitis sint Pl erimus Eritis Erunt

Nolo, nolle, nolui to not to wish Present indic. 1st 2nd 3rd Sing Nolo Non vis Non vult Pl Nolumus Non vultis nolunt Present Subjun. 1st 2nd 3rd Sing Nolim Nolis nolit Pl Nolimus Nolitis nolint

Malo, malle, malui to want more, prefer Present indic. Sing 1st Malo 2nd Mavis Pl Present Subjun. Sing Pl st Malumus 1 Malim Malimus Mavultis 2nd Malis Malitis

3rd Eo

mavult malunt

3rd

malit

malint

Present indic. Sing Pl Present Subjun. Sing Pl st 1 1st 2nd 2nd rd 3 3rd imperfect indic. Sing Pl Future indic. Sing Pl st st 1 1 2nd 2nd 3rd 3rd Fero, ferre, tuli, latus to bring, bear, carry Present indic. 1st 2nd 3rd Sing Fero Fers fert Pl Ferimus Fertis ferunt Present Subjun. Sing Pl 1st 2nd 3rd