MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G.

Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE SINALOA

UNIDAD REGIONAL NORTE UNIDAD ACADEMICA DE NEGOCIOS LIC. EN RELACIONES COMERCIALES INTERNACIONALES

Manual de Ingls General 3ro y 4do Semestre

Complemento de Gramtica General Manual de Lectura

ALUMNO

Relaciones comerciales internacionales Barreto

RUPO 2-3 Los Mochis Sinaloa. Agosto del 2010

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 1: My Family Tree

My family is quite big. I have 3 brothers and 3 sisters. My brothers names are John, James and Jake. My sisters names are Sarah, Samantha and Stacey and there is me, Sally. We all live with my parents, Joseph and Stella. My Dad has two brothers and one sister. His brothers are John and Jack and his sister is Melissa. My Mum has one brother his name is Robert. I still have all of my grandparents. My mothers parents are May and Edward and my fathers Parents are Robert and Lucy. So, this is my family!

Reading 2: The waiter

My name is Pedro Mastrides and I am from Greece. I work in a restaurant in Iallisos, Rhodes. I'm a waiter. I'm 35 years old. I'm married and I have 4 children. I have 2 sons and 2 daughters. My daughters are called Lisa and Maria and my sons are called Pedro and Michael. Michael is 11 and Pedro is 18.

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 3: The pop star / actress

Miss Eliana Williams, 24, is a pop star and actress. She's English, but she lives in America, in California. Every Monday, Eliana gets up at 05:00 in the morning and drives 50 kilometers to work. She starts work at approximately 05:45. She works in a film studio in California. She works from 05:45 in the morning to 13:00 in the afternoon. At 13:00 Eliana catches a bus to San Francisco. The journey takes about an hour. She goes to a studio and has a singing lesson. After, she practices songs for her new album. She finishes in the studio at 18:00. Then, she catches the bus to the film studio and drives home. This journey takes one and half-hours. She arrives home at 20:00. Fortunately, Eliana only works on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. But what does she do on the other days? She stays at home, relaxing! She goes shopping, goes to the gym and goes out with her friends! "Yes, on Tuesdays I'm tired" she says, "but I love my job. I want to be famous so I have to work hard!!"

Reading 4: A letter from London

Dear Jack, How are you? I'm fine. I am writing to you in English. It's good for me to practice! I am studying English in an academy. This is my first year. In my class there are 15 people. They are all from different countries: France, Spain, Germany and Italy. My teacher is English, her name is Sandra Smith. I think she is from London, but I'm not sure. She is tall, has got blue eyes and blonde hair. She is a good teacher. I live in a small house in the north of London. My house has three bedrooms, a kitchen, a living room, a dining room, a bathroom and a small garden. The garden is beautiful. It has lots of small trees and a little pond. I am living with two other girls. They are French. Jean is twenty-five years old and Ludvine is twenty-seven years old. They are very friendly but they speak French a lot. During the week I get up every day at 07:00 and I catch the train to London. The journey takes 45 minutes. My classes start at 09:00. I have 5 hours of English a day. I usually arrive home at 18:00. When I get home I do my homework, prepare my dinner and watch television. English television is very good. I normally go to bed at 23:00. At the weekends I go to London. London is very big and beautiful, but very expensive. Write to me soon. Boris

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 5: Lady Di - Princess of Wales

Her early life Diana Frances Spencer was born in Norfolk. At 16, she went to a school in Switzerland where she became fluent in French and an expert skier. In 1979, Diana decided that she wanted to get a job in London. Her father found her an apartment in Kensington where she lived with three friends. She found a job as a teacher in a kindergarten in South London. Her later life In July 1980, Diana Spencer went on her first date with the Prince of Wales. Shortly after the first date they decided to get married. The wedding took place at St. Paul's Cathedral on July 29th 1981. On June 21st 1982, Diana's first child, William was born. Princess Diana did not want to leave her son alone one minute and so she took him everywhere with her. She carried on with her life - helping the unfortunate. She visited the sick and the homeless all over the world. She had a particular interest in children and AIDS victims. She became an idol to millions of people. It seemed that the whole world was in love with her. Two years after the birth of William, Prince Harry was born (15th September 1984). However, Diana did not stop working; in fact, she took on more and more engagements to help charities. In December of 1992 Diana and Charles announced that they were separating and in August 1996 they got divorced. Diana started a new romance with Dodi Fayed. It was the 31st August 1997 when Diana aged 36 was killed with Dodi in a horrific car crash in Paris.

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 6: London Zoo.

Claire: Hi, can I ask you some questions about the event that happened last week? Louise: Yes, of course. Claire: Could you please tell me how the tiger escaped? Louise: Well, I started work on the Monday at 09:00 and at 09:30 I went to feed the tigers. Tabby the female tiger was acting rather aggressive. She tried to eat all of the tiger's food. I was a bit worried because she tried to bite her mother and she has never tried anything like that before. Anyway, I left the tigers and I returned an hour later to see that everything was ok. When I arrived I screamed with horror because I found that the door of the tiger area was open. The door was destroyed. I counted the tigers and there was only one missing. I knew immediately that it was Tabby. Claire: What did you do? Louise: I informed the manager of the zoo and all of the workers. The zoo was closed immediately. All of the visitors had to leave. We all looked for Tabby. Claire: Where did you find her? Louise: Well, I was walking past the elephant section and I noticed something strange, the elephants were making a lot of noise. Tabby had entered their section and was playing with the baby elephant. When she saw me she didn't move, she knew that she had been naughty. Then, she let me take her home. Claire: Why do you think she escaped? Louise: We all think that she escaped because she wants friends to play with; she showed this when she went to play with her elephant friend!

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 7: A postcard
To David, How are you? I'm fine. I'm in Florida at the moment with my family. I haven't been to America before this is my first time. I'm having such a good time!

I've been to Disney World and Epcot Centre, but I haven't been to Universal Studios yet. Yesterday I went to the cinema and guess what.. I've seen the new James Bond! It is not very good.

After the cinema we went to an expensive restaurant and I drank champagne. I had never drank champagne before. I didn't like the champagne very much. The food here is different. So far, I have eaten hamburgers, hot dogs and lots of ice cream. The first day I arrived, I ordered a hamburger and I was amazed, the hamburger was really big. In fact, all of the food here comes in really big portions. I've met lots of nice people here. Americans are very friendly. Yesterday my mum met somebody she went to school with. It is a really small world! I've been to a shopping mall! Have you been to one? They are so big and they have 300 shops! I bought lots of cheap clothes: a pair of jeans, a jumper and a pair of trainers. I have to go now. We've just been on a roller coaster and I'm feeling a bit ill! See you soon, Love Sarah P.S. My dad has just bought the new Jennifer Lopez album so we can listen to it when I return.

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 8: Victoria Reed and Manuel Rey

Victoria Read When I grow up, I'm going to be a T.V presenter. I would love to work on television. I go to acting classes three times a week and my teacher says that I am very good. I'm going to travel all over the world presenting programmes. I'm going to learn Spanish, French and Italian. I'm not going to marry until I'm thirty and I'm going to have two children. First I'd like a boy and then a girl! I'm going to earn lots of money and with my money I'm going to buy lots of designer clothes, a beautiful house and a nice sport car. Manuel Rey When I retire, I am going to try to do all those things in life that I always wanted to do and I never could do, for example, I am going to buy a small sailing boat and sail up and down the Mediterranean. I'm also going to do loads of different activities to keep myself fit and healthy so I can travel around the world and visit really far places. I am going to be very busy and never lazing around waiting to become an old man.

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 9: Read about Alex.

Alex wakes up every day at 7 o'clock and he stays in bed for 15 minutes listening to the radio. At quarter past 7 he gets up. He gets dressed into his grey and brown tracksuit and he goes cycling for approximately half an hour. When he returns he has his breakfast. He usually eats toast and jam and he drinks a glass of orange juice or a cup of coffee. After breakfast he has a shower and gets dressed. Alex goes to work at half past eight by motorcycle. Alex doesn't work in an office he works in a gym. In the mornings he gives tennis and gymnastic lessons and in the afternoon he teaches golf. He enjoys his job because he meets lots of interesting people and he can keep fit. He normally eats his lunch at half past one. He has one hour for his lunch break. He brings food from home. He eats a sandwich with ham and cheese or chicken, an apple and a packet of biscuits. He finishes work at 17:30 and he goes home. At home he watches television, or does the housework. On Thursday nights he goes out with his friends to the cinema or to a bar. He has his dinner at 19:30. He goes to bed around 22:30. At the weekends Alex gets up late and goes out with his friends. On Saturdays he goes to watch his favourite football team play. He loves watching football! In the evening he goes into town and goes out for dinner with his girlfriend. After dinner he goes to a bar and meets up with his best friends. On Sundays Alex stays at home relaxing. He wakes up late and he likes to watch television, maybe a film or a good programme. He sometimes goes out to the pub in the evening. Every weekday he follows the same routine and tomorrow will be no exception.

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 10: Dreams and reality

Amy aged 15 I live in a small flat with my Mum and brother. My mum is unemployed and so we do not have a lot of money. I have to earn money for my family. I have a part-time job in a cafeteria. I am a waitress. I work every evening after school and at the weekends. We have a hamster and a goldfish at home. I go to school in the centre of London and I wear a blue and white uniform.

Scott, aged 10 I live in a cottage in a village near Manchester. I live with my Mum, Dad, four brothers and one sister. I share my small bedroom with two of my brothers. My mum works in a pub and my Dad works in a hospital. I go to the village school. I have to walk there because we don't have a car. It takes me forty minutes. I have lots of friends. After school we play football together. I love football!

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 11: My cottage

My beautiful cottage is 300 years old. It is in the countryside near the village of Burston, where there is a post office, a restaurant and one shop. The cottage has two double bedrooms, a big living room, a small dining room, a bathroom and a kitchen. Downstairs there is the kitchen, dining room, bathroom and living room. The living room is next to the dining room and the kitchen and bathroom are to the left of the living room. The kitchen is very large. It has lots of appliances; it has a washing machine, a dishwasher, a fridge, a bread maker and a microwave. We also have a big garden with lots of flowers and trees. I live in this cottage with my Mum, Dad, brother, dog and cat. My parents, brother and pets love living in the cottage. My dog because it has a big garden to play in and my cat because he loves catching and eating mice - and believe me there are hundreds! I don't like where I live because there aren't a lot of things to do. There aren't any shops, pubs, cinemas or leisure centers. If I want any of these places I have to go to the city center and the city center is far! I think that when I have enough money I am going to move to the capital of my country, London. I believe that, although I won't live in such a beautiful house, I will have a lot more things to do!

10

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 12: Walt Disney

Walt Disney was born in Chicago, USA, 5 December 1901. He grew up in Illinois and was one of the first people to create a new film business. He started his career making advertisements. These, however, were not very successful. They were criticized greatly! It was then that Walt decided to move to Hollywood. He made two silent animated films starring a new cartoon character called Mickey Mouse. They were extremely popular. In 1928, Walt created a new film where Mickey talked. The film was called Steamboat Willie. Soon Mickey was seen with friends Minnie Mouse and Donald Duck. These films were great hits and made Walt Disney a millionaire. Later in his career, Walt Disney made films such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) and Bambi, (1942). They are still very popular. Disney was also the person that invented theme parks. The most famous are Disneyland in California, Disney World in Florida and Euro Disney in Paris. Walt Disney died 15 December 1966. His body was not buried or cremated, it was frozen. His frozen corpse is in Los Angeles, California.

11

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 13: Antibiotics

Antibiotics are important medicines. They help you fight infections that are caused by bacteria. Colds, coughs and sore throats cannot be cured by antibiotics as they are caused by viruses, so an antibiotic won't help. Bacteria's are clever, they find ways to survive the effects of an antibiotic. They become 'resistant' so that the antibiotic does not work. The more we use an antibiotic, the more likely it is that bacteria will become resistant to it. What can we do? We can't stop the antibiotic becoming resistant but we can do a lot to prevent this from happening. We must use antibiotics carefully: 1. Only use an antibiotic if you really need to. 2. Don't take an antibiotic if you have a cold or sore throat. 3. Carry out the full course of antibiotics i.e. Dont stop taking them when you start to feel better. Finish the packet! Remember - Antibiotics are not always the answer. Common colds, coughs or sore throats can be helped by taking paracetamol or a cold remedy from the Chemist. Ask your pharmacist for advice. So when do I use an antibiotic? Your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic when you need one, for example, for a kidney infection or pneumonia. Antibiotics are able to save lives. Therefore by not using them unnecessarily, they are more likely to work when we need them. When you take an antibiotic it is very important that you take them as prescribed and finish the course. Antibiotic resistance is more likely to develop if antibiotics are taken intermittently, for example, just when you remember, or in too low a dose.

12

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 14: A plane journey

The plane was completely full. Everybody looked cold and tired. A tall young man was sat next to me with his wife. The woman sat in silence whilst the man read a newspaper. After 30 minutes in the air, the airhostess asked us, 'Would you like something to drink?', the lady asked for a gin and tonic and the young man a whiskey with ice. The couple began talking to each other. They spoke quietly and with certain distress. I couldn't hear what they were saying, as they whispered almost everything. The lady took off her sunglasses and revealed her red eyes, she had been crying. She rubbed her eyes and put her sunglasses back on. Then I heard the lady say, 'so, what did you do with the body?', the man replied angrily, ' I told you, I buried it in the garden'. The lady started crying. I froze, I tried to hide, I didn't know what to do. I realised why the woman was so upset, her husband HAD KILLED somebody. The couple continued talking, but I couldn't hear anything, I was too afraid. I had to get up and tell somebody what this awful man had done. I told the couple I was going to the toilet, and as soon as I stood up, I went running down the aisle of the plane looking for one of the airhostess's. I found one and I started to explain what the man had done, I started by saying, 'somebody has diedthe couple next to me.'the lady interrupted me by saying, 'yes, I know, the couple told us earlier, terrible isn't it. I had a dog once..'

13

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 15: Famous persons

A She is a very famous singer. She is American. She is middle-aged. She is married with two children. She has been famous for about 20 years. She is famous for songs such as 'Vogue', 'Like a Prayer' and 'La Isla Bonita'. She usually has very blonde hair - either short or long. As a person she is very confident, intelligent, stylish and successful. B He is a famous actor. He is American. He has dark hair and is very good looking. He used to be married to a famous Australian actress but they are no longer together. They have two adopted children. He has played the leading role in many successful films, e.g. 'Cocktail', 'Top Gun', and 'Mission Impossible'. As a person he is well educated, loving and determined to do well. C He is a famous footballer. He is British. He has blonde hair and blue eyes. He is married to a famous British singer. They have two children together - Brooklyn and Romeo. He used to play football for Manchester United but in 2003 he moved to Real Madrid Football Club. Therefore, he now lives in Madrid. As a person he appears to be quiet and shy, but when he plays football he is very confident and successful.

14

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 16: Coca Cola

Coca Cola is drunk all over the world. 1.6 billion gallons are sold every year, in over one hundred and sixty countries. The drink was invented by Dr John Pemberton in Atlanta, on 8th May 1886, and it was given the name Coca Cola by his partner, Frank Robinson. Frank Robinson suggested the name 'Coca-Cola' because both words named two ingredients found in the drink. They are the cola leaf and the kola nut. In the first year, only nine drinks a day were sold. It was originally called a 'brain and nerve tonic' in Chemists. It was one of the thousands of exotic medicines sold in the 1800's that actually contained cocaine. In 1888 the business was bought by a man, Asa Candler and the first factory was opened in Dallas, Texas in 1895. Coca Cola is still made there. 'Diet Coke' has been made since 1982, and it's now the world's most popular brand of diet soft drinks. It is certain that Coca Cola and Diet Coke will be drunk far into the twentieth century.

15

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 17: Dialogue in a Restaurant

Rosey : Isabel? Isabel: Yes, Rosey? Rosey: What are you going to order? Isabel: I don't know Rosey: You like soup, don't you? Isabel: Usually I do but it's tomato soup and I hate tomatoes. Rosey: Ok then. What about the salmon and trout pt? Isabel: You aren't serious, are you? I hate fish I thought you knew that! Rosey: Sorry. Isabel: No, no starter. I'm just going to have a main course. I'm not very hungry. Rosey: Well, I'm going to have clams in a white wine sauce. I love seafood. For my main course I'm going to have duck in orange sauce. You like duck, don't you Isabel? Isabel: Yes of course I do, it's one of my favourite meats. But I'm going to have steak with chips. I fancy something traditional. Rosey: Ok and what do you want to drink? You like ros wine, don't you? Isabel: Yes, but today I don't want to drink any alcohol because I'm driving. I'm going to have a soft drink, perhaps a coke. Rosey: I'm going to have a beer, oh and you want some water, don't you? Isabel: Yes, please. Waiter enters and takes the order

16

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 18: Cars

1.- Cars are made out of plastic and metal. 2.- Most cars have four wheels, a boot, windows, a steering wheel, etc. 3.- The boot is found at the back - there is a door to open it - and this is an empty space where people keep their personal objects, put their shopping, or don't use at all. 4.- Some cars have front and rear bumpers. Bumpers are useful when parking or in an accident, as they are made to protect you. 5.- On the front and back of the car there are license plates. These plates are unique and identify your car. If a car is stolen and the police find it, they can find out whose it is, and where it has come from by using the number on the license plate. 6.- On one side of the car there is the petrol tank. When the car runs out of petrol, the driver can go to a petrol station to fill it up. Cars can use unleaded, diesel or leaded petrol. 7.- On the front and back windscreen there are windscreen wipers, which can be used when it rains. Windscreen wipers clean the windscreens. They are usually replaced once a year. 8.- Inside most cars there are 5 seats, although some have 2 and others more than 5. Two at the front and three at the back. In England, the driver sits in the right hand seat and the passenger in the left hand seat. 9.- Above the driver there is a rear-view mirror. This mirror can be used to help the driver drive. In this mirror the driver can see the traffic behind. 10.- Most cars need an engine and a battery to work. The average car battery lasts 10 years. 11.- On the drivers side of the car there is a steering wheel, it is a large circle like a plate. This is used by the driver to steer the car right and left. 12.- To the left of the driver there are the gears. The average car has 5 gears. In nonautomatic cars a clutch is used to change the gears. 13.- If the driver wants to go faster he/she will push on the accelerator. The accelerator increases the flow of petrol to the engine allowing the car to go faster. 14.- When the driver is driving the car he/she may sometimes see danger ahead or the need to stop suddenly - if this is the case the driver can push the brake pedal down. In normal cases, the driver pushes both the brake pedal and the clutch to avoid the car stalling.

17

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 19: The Battle of Arnhem (Operation Market Garden)

1. Put the verbs in Paragraph 1 into the Past Simple. 2. Fill in the gaps in the others paragraphs with the appropriate vocabulary: Allies, Tanks, Commander, Soldiers, Infantry, Troops, and Paratroopers. In May 1945 World War II _______ (end) in Europe. It ended when the Russians _______ (defeat) Berlin. However, the troops that _______ (capture) Berlin could easily have been British or American. If operation Market Garden had succeeded then the British or American troops might have arrived in Berlin weeks before the Russians, ending the war before Christmas 1944. This being the case the future of Europe might then have been very different. Market Garden was one of the most daring plans of World War II. Thirty thousand British and American _______ were to be flown behind the enemy lines to capture the eight bridges across the rivers of the Dutch and German border. At the same time, British _______ and _______ were to walk towards the bridges and help the paratroopers. They would then try and cross the bridges. The plan carried out by General Bernard Montgomery, _______ of the British forces, did not work as planned. The weather was a major problem. It was raining heavily and it was very hard for the _______ to advance. The land was bogged down. The advance was slow and lots of British and American _______ died. After weeks of fighting the _______ broke through. For the next three weeks they travelled through France and Belgium liberating Paris and Brussels. Victory to the allies seemed near.

18

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 20: News at 10

Good Evening, I'm Stephen Johnson and here is the news at 10. Earlier today a 7 year old girl was kidnapped from Lakeside Shopping Centre in Thurrock. Tracey Jones was with her Mum shopping when she disappeared. "We went into Toys R Us because Tracey wanted to look at the new Barbie doll. I left her alone for one minute whilst I went to the toilet and when I came back she had gone. I am devastated". "Please, if anyone can help me, please call the telephone Number on the screen. I just want my little girl home for Christmas!" said Sarah Jones, the mother of Tracey. Now moving to another serious matter. This morning at 11 am, Barclays Bank in High Street, Cheshunt was held up in a bank robbery. The four robbers entered the bank through the front door. They were dressed in jeans and a shirt and were wearing baseball hats. They used a gun to frighten the seven workers. As soon as they arrived they made the two cashiers fill up four bags full of money. Luckily, one of the workers, which was in the toilet, heard what was happening and rang the police from his mobile telephone. The police arrived within fifteen minutes and took the four thieves to prison. Now to a more positive story The latest statistics from Harringay County Council show that vandalism has decreased by 40% in the last four months. The London Borough celebrated by offering free art classes for those adolescents between the ages of 11-19.

19

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 21: A typical English Wedding

Once a couple decide to get engaged they prepare their wedding. In England the couple usually spend from 6 months - 2 years engaged. When the couple get engaged they sometimes have a party to celebrate. This party is a small party with family and close friends. Most weddings are hard and stressful to organize. There is always the problem of who to invite, where to get married, how much to spend, where to buy the dress, what food to eat, etc. When everything is decided the one thing to look forward to is - The Wedding Day. Most weddings take place in the summer, in the morning or early afternoon. 80% of weddings are in churches. In the church, the family of the bride sit one side of the church and the family of the groom on the other side. It is usual for the fianc to be at the church first. He waits at the alter of the church for his fiance to arrive. It is a tradition for the bride to arrive with her father and her bridesmaids. When they enter the church the wedding march sounds and the bride with her father walk slowly down the aisle with the bridesmaids following. During the ceremony the bride and groom say their vowels and the rings are exchanged. The groom then kisses the bride. They are now husband and wife. After the ceremony, wedding photos are taken and then everyone goes onto the reception. The reception is usually in a hotel or restaurant. The family and the friends of the bride and groom all have lunch together. After the meal, there is a party - a Disco, where more friends of the couple arrive to celebrate with the new married couple. At the end of the evening the bride and groom leave the party to go on their honeymoon. Everyone says goodbye to them and the party continues until all of the food and drink is consumed!

20

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading: A job in Spain

Joe has just got a job in Spain; she writes a letter to her parents explaining her new job. Dear Mum and Dad, How are you? Guess what.I got the job at Toyota! I am now a Sales Manager!I started work on Monday, so I have been working for Toyota for a week now. My office is lovely. It's on the fifteenth floor, but don't worry there is a lift! It's really big with lots of small windows, so it's nice and bright. I have my own desk with a computer, printer and photocopier. All I need to do is to make it mine by putting up some photos of my family and friends. My boss sits opposite me and some of my colleagues sit next to me, so there is a tense atmosphere. The majority of the staff are men and everybody seems really friendly. The people I work with told me that, the chairman of the company is not very friendly and he shouts a lot, luckily I will only have to see him once a month in important meetings. The manager of Toyota is around 40 years old and he is very demanding, but I think that is only natural. The Spanish timetable is a lot different to the English one. Generally, in Spain, companies start at nine and work until two. At two they have a two-hour lunch break. At four they start working again and finish around seven. For me, this timetable is very tiring because I feel that I don't need two hours for lunch - it's a waste of time! I think they have a long lunch break because lots of my colleagues go home to their families for lunch. Some even have a siesta! On Friday, we only work half a day. We start at half past eight and we finish at half past two, so Friday afternoon I can do whatever I want. It's great!I signed my contract yesterday and don't worry, Dad, I read it through thoroughly. My salary is 20,000 a year, I get 20 days paid holiday, shares in the company and a company mobile and car. If I want to resign from the job, I need to give Toyota 14 days notice. It is surprising that as a member of the European Union I don't need a work permit. The only people that need a work permit are those who come from non-European companies. Anyway, I have to go Call me soon Love Joe

21

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 23: Siamese Twins

Siamese Twins Throughout history, conjoined twins have appeared in myths and legends. One of the earliest cases of conjoined twins was Mary and Eliza Chulkhurs. They were born in 1100 and they lived for 34 years in the County of Kent, England. They were joined at the lower back. After the death of one sister, doctors hoped to save the life of the other by separating them surgically. The twin that was alive refused, she said, "As we came together we will go together". She died several hours later. The term, "Siamese twins" came from Chang and Eng Bunker. The conjoined twins were born in 1811 and came from Siam. They earned their living in the United States as a circus attraction. After several months in America, they went to England. In England they performed in the most famous venues and met members of the royal family. Chang and Eng were subjects of medical examinations and doctors said that their separation was impossible. In the early 1840s they began looking for "a couple of nice wives". In April 1843, Chang married Adelaide Yates and Eng married her sister Sarah Anne. Over the next 31 years the brothers had a total of 21 children. They lived a long time and died at the age of 63. Nowadays it is possible to separate Siamese twins. Operations concerning Siamese twins occur every year. Sometimes the results are successful, but unfortunately sometimes they aren't.

22

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 24: The Palace Hotel, Hawaii

The Palace Hotel is one of the finest hotels in Hawaii. It is built on the sea front, giving our holidaymakers a beautiful sea-view from their own balconies. Each bedroom is equipped with air-conditioning, a hairdryer, a mini-bar and room service. What to do during the day? During the day you might like to go down to the beach with your towel and swimsuit to sunbath and go for a swim. Children always love the Palace Hotel's beach because there are many things for them to do: they can join the kid's club in sandcastle competitions, skin-diving, or jet skiing. Parents don't have to worry about their children, as Palace Hotel's beach does not have any waves, so children can swim without any danger.

If you don't fancy swimming in the sea then you can take a swim in one of our five swimming pools. Three of the swimming pools have wave machines that work every hour on the hour. All of the pools are equipped with diving boards and special lifeguards. ** Some advice for children and adults that are planning to be out in the sun - Always use suntan lotion. We don't want you to get burnt!

23

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 25: My country

Read the following text. Three people give advice about visiting their country in the month of January. A My country in January is very cold. It rains frequently and sometimes it snows. It is often very windy. If you come to my country in January you should bring warm clothes, big jackets, trousers and boots. You should also bring hats, gloves and scarves because sometimes temperatures drop to minus 5 degrees. I'd also advise you to bring an umbrella!

When you are in the capital of my country you must visit the Eiffel Tower, see the Arc De Triumph, The Louvre and of course, Notre Damne. Many people say that this capital is the most Romantic in Europe. They also say that it is one of the most expensive! Travelling, eating and accommodation is not cheap! My country is very famous for its food. We have one of the best cuisines in the world. When you are in my country you have to try foie gras, snails and frogs legs. If you have the opportunity you should try some champagne. Champagne is made in my country. B In January the weather in my country is very good. Everyday it is sunny and hot. It never rains. You don't have to bring an umbrella! The best clothes to wear are shorts and T-shirt.

My country is extremely big and so there are lots of interesting things to visit and do. Where I come from the best places to visit are Surfers Paradise and the Great Barrier Reef. Surfer's paradise is an excellent place for people who love surfing. Surfing is a very popular sport in my country - you should try it!

24

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

The food in my country is not world famous. In summertime we have lots of barbeques and generally throughout the year we eat lots of meat pies. We love drinking beer; the most popular beer is VB. C My country in January is usually quite cold. It rains sometimes but it is mostly cold and dry. In February it snows, but not in January. You should bring with you warm clothes if you visit my country in January - thick jackets, gloves, hats and warm trousers.

I live in the capital of my country and there are lots of things to see and visit. In fact, lots of people say that the capital of my country is the biggest and most beautiful in Europe. Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, Tower Bridge and The Docklands are just a few of the interesting places to visit. I would recommend spending a week in my capital because a weekend is simply not enough. There are lots of things to see! But be careful because my country is very expensive. You even have to pay to go to the toilet in some places! Everyone that visits my country says that the food is terrible. I disagree. I would say that our food is interesting. The typical person from my country eats food from all over the world. We don't have many typical restaurants from our country; we have Indian, Chinese, Italian and Spanish restaurants. I love going out to eat in my county because I have a great choice of restaurants to chose from. If you really want to try the food from my country then you should go to a pub. In a pub you can try Roast Beef, shepherds pie or chicken pie. Drinking beer and cider in my county is very popular.

25

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 26: Problem Page

Ask Jim If you have a problem write to Jim @ askjimbo@problems.com Food for thought I live at home with my parents. A few weeks ago I started thinking about animal rights. Now I am a vegetarian. My problem is that my mum is very angry with me because my family loves eating meat. She refuses to cook different things for me; so every night all I eat is salad, vegetables, and bread and butter. Why does my Mum have to be so horrible to me? Why can't she cook me something tasty? Trevor, 15 years old "I think that you are being a little selfish. You chose to stop eating meat, not your mum. Your mum is probably a very busy woman and doesn't have time to cook different things for you. I think you should cook for yourself. Backed potatoes, salads and rice are very easy to cook!" Not fair It is not fair I get 3.00 pocket money a week, but most of my friends get much more. When I ask my parents for more, they say that I can have more if I do some of the housework - cleaning, ironing, etc. My problem is that I hate doing the housework I find it really boring. What do you think? Louise, 13 years old "I think that you are in a very lucky situation. You should be grateful. You get pocket money every week and your parents are offering you more money. You are too young to get a job, and so your parents are the only people who can help you out economically. If you really want extra pocket money then you have to do the housework. In life, we must do many things that we don't like!"

26

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 27: Eating in Britain

1. Everyday of the week magazine articles, television advertisements and programmes tell us what we should and shouldn't be eating and drinking: Drink a lot of water, don't eat many sweets, Eat more vegetables, etc.. But why and what are we eating wrong? 2. In Britain we have different eating habits to other countries. We have three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. Breakfast is from 06:00-10:00 and lunch is from 12:00-14:00 and dinner can be eaten from 17:00-20:00. 3. During the week, for breakfast, most people eat cereal with milk or toast with jam. However, at the weekend it is more common to have an 'English Breakfast' or part of an English breakfast. This consists of fried or boiled eggs, sausages, bacon, fried bread, mushrooms, baked beans and a tomato. It is really tasty, but very bad for you! Lunch is usually a light meal, we usually have an hour lunch break and so people usually bring a sandwich from home or eat a salad at the cantine. Dinner is usually the main meal of the day and it takes about one hour. We usually eat meat and vegetables and then a dessert. 4. In Britain, the majority of men and women work and when they arrive home from work they are tired and don't really have the energy to cook. Therefore, they buy ready-made meals, or buy food from fast-food restaurants. These types of food are very high in fat and carbohydrates. If we eat these types of food once a week or month it does not do our bodies any harm, but the fact is that many British families are eating these types of food at least three of four times a week! 5. British people need to eat more fresh fruit and vegetables and eat less fast food and ready-made meals. Everybody should eat 5 fruits or vegetables a day. In Britain the average person eats 2. Eating a balanced diet can help us in the future so we should pay more attention to what we eat. After all, "we are what we eat!"

27

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 28: William Shakespeare

William was born in 1564 (we do not know the exact date). According to church records, he was baptised Wednesday April 26th 1564. William was the third child of John and Mary Shakespeare. William had seven brothers and sisters but only 4 of his brothers survived to adulthood. John Shakespeare was a businessman. He was a famous man in Stratford. His wife Mary worked mainly at home. William probably went to Kings New Grammar School where he was taught basic reading and writing. There is no record of William ever attending a university. When William was 15 years old he bought a house in Stratford upon Avon. The house was one the most wanted properties in all of Stratford and it was the second largest house in the town. In 1582, at the age of 18, William married the twenty-six year old and pregnant Anne Hathaway. Seven months later they had their first daughter, Susanna. Baptism records reveal that twins Hammond and Judith were born in February 1592. Hammet, William's only son died in 1596, at 11 years old. In 1593 William entered his first poem - Venus and Adonis. By 1595 it is estimated that 15 of his 37 plays had been written and performed. In 1560 Williams's sonnets were published without his permission. In 1600s William left his family and Stratford and went to London for around 20 years. William moved to London because he believed that there were more chances of his work being published and promoted. William made the most money in 1605 when he bought more property. This investment made him a lot of money. Some academics believe that this investment gave William the time he needed to write his plays uninterrupted. In Stratford he was thought of as a businessman. William died April 23rd 1616. Although William Shakespeare is dead he lives on as one of the best poetry writers in the whole world. Academics study his works when studying English literature. His plays are still now performed in theatres all over the world. The town of Stratford on Avon pays tribute to him by having various museums and exhibitions devoted to the grand poet.

28

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 29: An Adventurous Holiday

A dialogue between Steve and Jane. Jane has just returned from her three week holiday in Canada. Steve: Oh Jane, welcome back! How was Canada? Jane: It was amazing. I had such a great time. Steve: So tell me, what was it like? Jane: It was like being in a different world. Steve: Where did you go? Jane: The first week I spent in Toronto. As you know Toronto is one of the largest cities in Canada. It is not the capital but it is as big as one. Well, I went sightseeing - I went up the CN Tower, I went to see a baseball match and of course, I went shopping. The second week I spent travelling around Ontario. I went to Niagara Falls. Steve: You are so lucky! I have always wanted to go there. Jane: As I expected, it was the most beautiful place I have ever visited. I stayed staring at the Falls for about 4 hours. It was amazing because I saw some Japanese people sleeping by the Falls; they told me that in Japan the Falls bring good luck. Steve: That is crazy.

29

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Jane: I know but everyone has their own beliefs. Other people were collecting the water from the waterfall and putting it in bottles to take home, because they believed the water had the ability to heal people. Anyway the third week, I crossed the boarder and went to the United States. There I visited my family in Chicago. I had never seen them before as they moved to Chicago 20 years ago. Steve: What was Chicago like? Jane: Really nice, but not as beautiful as the parts of Canada I visited. Steve: What an adventurous holiday! Jane: I know. So tell me, did you go anywhere? Steve: No, unfortunately I had to stay here and work. Maybe next year I will go on an adventurous holiday. Jane: Aahhh. Hey Steve, I wouldn't worry if I were you, I have bought you a present. Steve: What is it? Jane: A map of Paris. Steve: Why? Jane: Because you and I are going next week. I have booked you a holiday!

30

MANUAL DE LECTURA G. G. Licenciatura en Relaciones Comerciales Internacionales

Hebert C. Barreto.

Reading 30: The old woman

Read this newspaper extract about an old lady who left 1000000 when she died. (Use the words to complete the text 1. Centre 2. Quite 3. Magazines 4. Relatives 5. Neighbours 6. Cafeteria 7. Hairdresser's 8. Relatives 9. Community) When she died she was ________ old - 89 to be precise. She lived her whole life alone in a small two bedroom house in the ________ of London. Her house was old and with very little furniture. She didn't have a television or a radio. The old lady didn't have any friends or ________, and she didn't belong to any clubs or associations, so she didn't have any friends. In fact nobody knew her in the _______, not even her _______. She went out of her house, twice a week - early in the morning to go shopping and to have a cup of coffee and a piece of apple cake in her local _______. She never caught a bus or a train. She always walked. After her death, Teresa Brown, 40, says, "once a month she used to come into the _______ and have her hair cut. She never talked to me, the only words she said were, 'my usual please', and then she would read some of the ________ . She loved reading 'Hello' magazine. It was her favourite!" The irony of the story is that this old lady, who lived alone and hated talking to people, was one of the richest ladies in her neighbourhood!

31