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V:.*
.135
f*:
*
V"
-
Fruit-Garden Ulujlrated,
Containing
\
I
Sure Methods
for
Improving
all
the
Kinds of
t
Now
i
EXTANT
in
^
I
i\r
G
SOILS
are clearly
A N
made
and
CALCULATED FROM
Great Variety of
^
f
\t
EXPERIMENTS
WHEREIN
Stocks,
and
in all
Kinds of
\
ASPECTS.
,-1'
Thc Manner
1-
of Rajfing-^Y o v ij g
Graftings Inoculating^
^lantingy
&c,
With
fully demonftrated.
r-
DIRECTIONS
RULES
>
I.
For
Pruning
Nailing
of their for the IV. leave no more than ymmg'fet Fruits Nature can flrongly fupport, and ripen in the
greateft Perfection.
Thinning
II,
For
that the Branches of F be laid upon the Walls, are fet forth moft important and ufeful Difcovery,
to Gardeners in general.
III.
Being a
For ^referving and Ordering Young Fruit*, their SloJJbm to the Time o^ their
unknown
VL To
give
them
their
For
Preserving
Frqfls,
the Injuries of
Winds^ &c.
Likcwife
s
fe vcml Praftical
on
the
ImUhlng 9ower
and Ter/pkations of Fruit-Trees j the feveral EfFeds o(Heat2Lni Moljlure tending to the Growth and Maturity of F r u ITS.
.
To
which
is
added,
of
D
feveral
Hundred
Drawings
of the
Curioufly
Eng
By
BATTT ^NGZrof
1
r
Twickenham,
N D
D
Printed for G. Strahan in Comhill i R. Gosling. W. Meaks, F. Clay. D. Brow B. MoTTE, and L. temple-bar GG in IVeftmmJier-Hall s B o R Nj at Qray S'Jnn Gate , and C. a v i s in Pater-Nojier-RoivJ. Mo. Bot. Garden,
JS
1893
\
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111
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imA
y
^
S^r'
'1
TO
T H
-Ji
Mi.T
*
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-,^f
T_.
'4
^
it
^:.A
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w^
wr
:3
y
wp-
MAJl_AJ!if,
^^
r^ ^
it^i-F'
i
<t
^.
<
OUR
'*'.
Majefty*s
exquifite
known Goodnefs
in
and
Knowledge
in
Horti
culture>
my
#f
*
>?
Prefumption
fiioft
Dedicating
to
Your
T
^^^
if-S
Work
which 1
am
bold to
IS
an accurate
ation of Vegetable
Na
now
defcrib'd.
TO
\
-*-i
--
J"
IV
2)
N.
TO
m
one
attempt
Illuftrious Character,
and
intirely inexcufable
who
his
has
made
ufeful 7
Studies y
principal
Employmen t
and has
no
BUT
lour
.>*
as we,
who have
m
our
Your
all
moft Glorious Queens Your Royal Predeceflbrs It y would be in fotne meafure unpardonable to omit any ._ Opportunity to exprefs our Gratitude for the
Bleflings
heap'd upon U5 by
Your Goodnefs.
r-J
#
4
Sacred Majefty, our moft gracious Sovereisfn imploy s his important Cares for the t)"j Happinefs and Profperity of his People, both at
WHlLETBis
-jT
Home
and Abroad > in order to fecure to them their Rights and Privileges, and to preferve and extend the Benefits of their Trade and Commerce, and is the Arbiter of
Europe
You Madam,
J
powerfully recommend to
bright
all
Youf
Subjects,
Your own
Example
the
'V-
f
'-r
BE
A
t -.
N.
BE
it
the
Task of a more
elevated
Genius
to
tranfmit to Pofterity
the Uluftrious
Graces of Your
and future Hopes (the Offspring Royal are of Your profound Know Yolif ; Kingdom) this of Happinefs
ledge in
all
Human
Learning
Your Exemplary
approaching
and
and Condefcenfion
-all
who have
the Honour o
*-
Your Royal
Perfon, which
^
is
peculiar to
Your Majefty
a
W'H I L E
I indulge
my felf
in the
m
;
Nature and
the
Works
autiful
of the Great
Creator,
getative
difplay'd in the
!b5 aturcp-txjntai
Produdions
'd
ni
the
will Gardening, be and an Planting Syftem.of copious more arduous Your when Entertainment, agreeable
\
Affairs will
to enjoy the
calm
m*
THIS
agreeable Affurance
emboldens
me
to lay
Kingdoms
The
Wholefome
%
?
-,
VI
*<
D
r
A
F
N.
I
little
Your Majefty may long continue an Ornament to the Royal Dignity/ an Example to Your Sex, the Delight of Your Subjects, and Admiration
of Europe^
is
THAT
of.
May
pie afe
i
--%
Tour
Ma
if
e sty ?
4C
And
/
moji
Loyal
.h^
.->
r\
T'
j_
--
O-'t
r w-
Batty Langley.
\
-K
1
y
\
I.
Vll
\
*'
A
V
LTHO
Grotto's,
our
a dy ^S^alk s ?
Avenues, Groves
Wildernefles
Fountains^
to
Canals.
the
&c,
{of
ivhkh
have en
Variety
before, in
deavourd
Vlans ?
ifter
gratify
fwHh great
my
New
and
the heft
hlifljd)
may
e juftly
ro p
portion dy
em^
lellijh'd mth
in
England,
it
cannot
le faid
male
them truly
and Delightful
Leaves
IF we
the
will le found
V ^fjuaJIy-ns lieautfful-T-^Ttt-wh^ff
they are
WC
G
COWparC
springs
their beautiful
adorn d in
alfo,
tetween them
J
B VT
are
to
It
decaufe the
Beauties of Fruit-^
And Jince
'tis
that
Fruit-Trees are
that
hioWn
therefore
in Wildernefles
and
other
Rural TdrU
MixEyes
tures of the
as
they pafs
thro
the feverat
Meanders thereof
J
BESIDES
if-
Vlll
The
BESi'DESy
ProfitsJ
{exchji'
Kkd^
aforefaid Vleafures)
hji
Apples
'Pears produce
Goofehernes an
in
Currants
mme
he/ides the
Ch
Services in
Brandy^ dec
many
for Tarts,
'very ferviceahle
and advantageous
a Family, an
mo
As I have
pro--
ceed to fay fomething relating to the moft dejired Fruits, namely, thofe
THE
Ap
i
Plumbs
Peach
Grap
Fig
d Pea rs
when well
>
But,
to
tis
very feldom that they have any that are truly good,
kind^ notwit
when
Seafon
i
Accident,
a6ied the
Part of a judicious Ga
to the
Gardener undi
whofe ^tre^fonfie
IT
as
greateft PerfeCi
whe
their
are full
Crudities
it is
that are
want of a
free Perfpiration, as
for Natur
&c.
''with
'
the
fame Nourijh
ment as
when
there is
' hit
-^ a T)ozen
and half
But
Fault
Gardeners y
as there s
Mr.
Garden
knows
ever thought)
of Crudities
^Jind^
hing
their
in the
f
and
Fruits,
5
which, when
Tafies to le watery
infipid
Perfpiration, {very
that
not to he
few of nsohom know the Meaning of the Word) they hlamedfor what they never knew, and therefore 'tis no wonder
nually produced in great ^mntities,
even
when
\
The
4
E.
as the ^erfptration of Fruits is d
ix
nsjhen Seajbns
were ^ery
hi
new
'tis
pe6iedy
executed^
that they
and
receive
his Fruits
and
in general^ Matters of
dejires to
FaB^
digefted in
the Renfons
Manner
as to he
know
and Confequemes
e
which I humlly
conceive will
no
lefs
the
Manner
ca
herein.
',
ihdt^ at
may
unwilling
*
to
uncertain^ conceited
>
Methods^
Relieving themfelves either too oldy or too well learned, to learn more than
ihey already
know
t,
or
may imagine^
that
what
is
Impro'oementSy
fnav may
he lard
Chimera*s
onh.
who
were Ired
conJideTy
I
to) 'Practice,
But howevery
and make
em
Coon convince
Opinions
r
/ST
is
^very
hut are good Gaitdeners^y always changing^ with he cannot Gentlemen fixd
to
is
not difcoverdy
fo the
fome
terrible Stroke
theniy
is
utter
Ruin of
and then
to he retrieved.
THERE
employ
)
is
Month
tho'y at
Jp
and
call
themfelves Gardi
Men, and
Office*
BT
\
5-1
X
%
The
E.
thefe
Sort of "People
hegin they a Tear, ploys ahut the Space of an go they away any, hear they as of asfoon and want Gardeners-,
offer
that they
hel/d
nay,
it,
my
often will
have
made
to
tho hut a
Wheel4arrow
Man
of
the
at mojly as
I ohfervd
before
and
m ah
whom
to
Name
or Gardener, under
perhaps they
are wholly
unknown
JNT>
means come
to
the lajt
lefs j
if the former
per
3
Ann.
12, \o,nay.
fori J
and upon
that Account
very
ft en employ'd,
NOW when
new
afterwards
Jin)e
a Gentleman hasfirjl
hen
in
their
then in Hopes^
of receiving good Store of Fruits for his Expences xmd ounf^r at her ^ the then, perhaps upon form trifijn
plantedrand brought them into that fine fruitful State^
is
why
and
\
eWer ~who
difcharged,
who
immediately
grow
tis
in
Tears Growth,
them
to the
not
in the
Vower
skilful
Truner
to
recover
fame
State, as
when
their Executioner, of
OF
from
the
thefe
"Pretenders
Northern Parts,
we who
have
be well
Under
IT
^-
A'^
'
#-
i_
1^
The
i^^^fa
E.
>*l
IT is
to
to
aJfo
Gentlemen^
^joho
ns^ho
Lett
tfoeir
Gardens
Undertahrs^
Gardeners under
theniy at
fa^e themin
every
Tart
ir
Manner,
to the
c/MiddJefex >
is
an hijlance
this
hejl
Garden of that
for fuch another
WT
I may
is
in
England
curious Colk6iion of
this
valmhle Fruits
not
:
found
j4nd
in one
a rdien
m
d
it^
Kingdom 5
Labourer
made a
Sacrifice therehy
I am
to
credibly inform
vy
a.
thereof,
who now
Wmter,
to
the
Vruning
at
r
fc
the
al'ourerSy
S^hree-pefice per
Rod,
MUST
4-
confefs
5
that
I was
grieved
tb
hear
it,
not in England
and
th& unshlfu
However^
e
Man ner
as
and
left to their
tj jey
knew
more than making fmooth Walls, which they fucceeded in^ fir not knowing the Eloffom- Buds from the Leaf- Buds, they cut away the greatefi Tart
Fruits the of
:
Manner of
or
never
LF I may
may
be permitted to
to
the
Truning of Fruit'Trees in large Gardens, I humbly conceive that their Truning is the direct Bufinefs of the Head Gardener himfelf, an no
other Terfon whatfo
y
well infirufied
thereof
therein,
who may
then
un
Tart
one
one experienced
T
r
Wor
:
tn
and
there
when
ill
The
G
h
E.
ly the IndifcreUon of the Gardener under 'whom they Work, or thro* his
Idlenefs,
the Gentleman
often his
mohom they
Trees are
fer'^je^
jtr/dy
and very
totally
ruind
thereby
to
much
to their
Advantage,
on the Spot,
Lett them
not to
to the
Gar^
^nd
Undertahrsy
:
fwho muji have a Fleece out of the Tearly Jllowance for doing nothing
therefore
my Advice
is.
That fome
reputahle
Gardener
hofen^
the annual
Sum
in Grofs allow
it,
d him 5
he
is ^wholly
anfweralle for
ft
B T this
Room
Way of proceedings
Help
f
n
m
w
and
own Garden,
in a
hefi
to take
a Liking
to.
And,
Word,
le
well done
in this
when
I
allow
d for
his Labour, an
THUS
much
Way of
to
the Bujinefs of
to T^raffice,
Pruning and Keeping of Gardens 5 / now recommend you which is fully declared in the following Chapters
-i-rrftrti,'-:1*^
41
>'
Batty Langley.
'I
K-
--
I.
/.
f*
XIU
TH
\
Principal
A
BELE
Jdmirabk ^each
^each
\
r
Matters
J' :
B
Folio
Folia
47
Early-
Bakim
^ears
103
Barren Lands
how
^3i
help'd
104
ibid.
4
ibid*
100
33?
how
34 134
2
"5
114 107 118
jipricots
8S
Roman
Kinds \ Orange
Turky
%9
Blights
Bruxel Proper Soils h^9 How propagated 33y 54 Beft againft North-weft ^ 45 and South-weft Walls 88 On what Wood produced 60 Pittance to be planted at When, and how to be thin'd 77
Diftance to ripen at When to be gathered
66 %6 74
32
95
102
when
of a
too
many
in
Number, by want
free Perfpiration
^5
0.0
79
82
8i
ibid.
Their Diftance, that they fhould be kept from each other, fb as to have
f.
free Perfp
<^4,
66 66
How
JfpeBsy
eaten
why
North-eaft Eaft South-caft
Thofe Thofe
I-
South South-weft
Weft
North-weft
43>44 44 46 45 44
ibid.
that are
weak
are ftrengthned
by
by
early pruni
ibib
Thofe
fome
muft
be
ibid.
North
Autumn
4
Fruits,
When
to gather
6%
Brick
4
*.
^L
-"n -"-r
XlV
'ij:^t-st
D
.!*
lALn_
X.
Folio
Folio
114 104
103
A
130
S 7 44
their
Nature
tained therein
Their Number in a Stock 4J Which are to be difplacedj and when Burdock Peach 106
C
'-. "i
Carjiation
Cherry
Catherine
Pkimb
107
-JII4
ibid.
Bloffom EdVly Jdmirable Peach 03 Efpaliers how planted 59 Exhalation 74 Experiments , To prove the Quantity of Moifture in different Depths of Soils 9 To prove the Quantity of Moifture
,
Eafi
mU
Winds
nuriou
to Fruits in
.porated
in
Surface of
Day
in
Dew
at
II
33
how
at
ri
prove the Quantity evaporated in a Day from an Acre IJ To prove the Reafon of ]?runing the Heads af Trees it the Time of
planting
To
ibid.
ri
iMd.
38, 3p
'
Cionsy
How to
To
how
cut
Clay^
Second Experiment 5B To prove the great Fdrce with which the Leaves of Fruit Trees attract Nourilhment, and pexfpire it away 70 A. Second Experiment
To
Ckiffer
31
114
116
49 33 34 36
Figs, their Soil
F
^^^^ow propagated
Their Cuttings and Lay be topp'd Their Fruits how produced'^ 72 Kinds that ripen in' England Manner of pruning
How
When
order to plant
to
S3
For grafting, how chofen For Inoculation how chofen 40, 1 When to be taken from the ^ Mother Trees S6 Currants J 24
Forefl
34
18 18
When
.and
ripe
^9 82
ees their
Growth pyramldical
'
*
i)
why
A'^,
Dew
12
20
31
;'4
47 49
Digging Diapre Plumb Yellow Double Troy Peach D/'^?^ (/V/- Pllimb
Fruit 7i
lesj
when
03
When
to be grafted to be inoculated
at
74 37
41
the
jt
'y
Dutch Elm
Dtyj//" T'r^es
how
^4 47
59
ibid
ordered at planting
How
Duke Cherry
pruned
7
ibid.
head Diftances to be planted at 60 FruitSy How preferved from Frofts when in Bloflbm Stt and >
When to
58
125
4
J"
'
N
Fol
X.
XV
Fol
Manner and' Seafon of expofing them tb the Sun %Yhen fully grown 8
f
Horfi-chejiiat
47
Cherry
i
Ho Imam Duke
S
"Jean-hattve
preferved in the Con fervatory 84 Fruits ripen fboner or later, according t the different Nature of the Soil ibid
I
'
.
. 1.
How
Imrchui^
Tmculation
(
40
ibid*
\
White
Black
Grizel
^i
Frontijiac
>
Grap
i\j
InfeBs
'Italian
how
deftroyed
f
i-
^each
NeBarinS
d. iH
<^
*f
Italian
toy 103
113
'4lK
Yr/A^ (i/v//e
1^
I
t
If
1
Gardeners
tt
K
i
Fruit Trees
2-
62
r'i
jKernels
Their feveral Methods of pruning 65 K f Their errone< Methods of nailing the Branches of Fruit Trees ibid Their Error in pruning the Fig Tree 7 Their Error in dif-leaving Fruit Trees 7 Gafcoigm Cherry 85 f\ Qolden NeBariiie 103 H
i
of Fruits, how ordered before and at the Time of fowing 35 Their Sealbn of pcrfeding
,
I \
L
.J
V j
MV
Land to prepare
.
for planting
V-
J
,.
Goojeberries
I
Kinds
Ordering
f'-
i4
r^
ibid*
01
ibid.
ibid main excretory Duds Increafe in Magnitude proportio r ably to the Growth of their
Are
the
Manner
(?f^/i
to loam
37 37, S^ S7
t\
Fruits
r
<*i
7^,73
To
Grapes
\
unti(
r
110
III
The
Soils
of Heat and Gold 80 When produced, and why 7 Placed againft Buds, and why ibid To be watered in the Spring, when
Inj
How
\.
raifed
the Seafon
is
dry
Where produced
33 110
f
r^
r^
III Seaibn for pruning rllO. 112 Manner of pruning ibid. Diftance of their Branches Manner of ordering in May [2,113 Bleeding Seafon III
p
..
68
47
i
86
3
When
ripe
81
S7 )
>
74 30
How
82,83
31
1
1^
M
Magdalene Peach
MafcuTine Apricot
5)4
120
Red
White
100
88
ibid.
H
i
Hautboy Strawberry Hermitage Grape Heat at two Feet depth Hemskirk Peach Houghing
n
20
116 16 loj
31
107
8i,86
Meadiate Apple
jW/fe Injurious
V
Hi
^
3i
Minion
XVI
N
Folio
L
Folid
Mimon
Peach
How
propagated
33,
,
34
Moifiwe necelTary for Plants 9 Railed by the attractive Power of the SunII And by the attradive Force of
Vegetables
i
14
ibid
2
2^3
I
Their Diflance of Planting 6o Their Courfons 3 Leaves, Bloflbms, and Fruits ? when and where produced y^' 9 Table of the beft Mipds 3 Kinds that produce th^Ir Fruits
'-
'.
tn CLuii^ES at the
End^ ^t
y
1
their
How
i^orifco
raifed
Shoots
6^, 79
Morello Cherry
Blue
rs-tV^
i
Cherry
?1
> White
Musk
Cerney
^rocco Plumb
Magtile
:0
511
Plumb
A>
9S
^t?;7^
i>3
^"^ntabon Peach
of Plants
for
How accounted
.
23
Kinds
L
How
f^ujcat Grape
33
When
performed
propagated
Mu^dine Grape
W
fc."
hite
Manner Thmh.
i
27
fioinfii
Black
j-^
4
i
^
t.
^8,
('^
;>o
2,
Their
Soils
V* n
N
{.
p^^
Mow
H
f
>-f
'
Nailifigy
(
When
rip
-?
'
u-i
r
!
to
be
\
60 I 90 S2
\
uly
-^4
^rimof'dm Plumb
Planting ih Pap In Wetlands The Sealbn
^/^;?fJ
'{*
'
%
4
i.
l^eBarims
Kinds
N
I
V
48 hid
^7
^ewington Peach
Smith
Old
N
-p
how
nourifli'd
by
Rain,,
pew
?r>
li
04
lOI
^^rt^wej Afyed:
Nutmeg
1
W/i
V^SLcih
4^ 4J
1
Leaves %'uning
Knife to
^4
<J8
%\\
I
V---^
Red
00
The
bell Seafon
t t
^6
'
V
H
<-,. <!
o
Qr.chardi 'S
^orpree Peach
Purple. Jlberge
47
04
23
Peach
^urpk
77
Rasberry
they
Ap
\
Q.
g^wr^i 'their
in
Plumb
91
^oil
.
a.
when and
73
p
'Pnvies^
^y^rz^
9
what manner
prodi^cec}
l^eef2
Mother Plumb
c
1
^
y
R oyal Peach
Grape
05)
t
94
^ajs'viokt
^arjley
103
How
s
114 2
33, 34
Rains
propagated,
Where produced
R and R aclicks
Rajb
Earth
II
Dezythat
fall
Year
pnined Their Goodnefs Biftance of their Branches Tables of Kinds Time and manner of gatljenQg
Ho
99 99
loo 108 82 82
Raijin Grap e
20 28 11^
122
*
Kinds
How
ibid,
ifeid.
When
St. Jeter's
ibid.
ripe
Grap
93 *oo
Red
4
N D
If
X-
xvu
Jolio
'
Fdl
Red Currant
^-
Kind Graftifjg
Rickets ^each
^.o
\o6
'9
R^ts
i
I
to bg. pj^dSrved
To be foiled ^o be pr^rved
f
Winds
V
54
60
ibid
icS
froiji
Frofts,
Traps Ti'enchim
Turkey^
35
36 95
To
hold
I.
lumb f
Peach
V.
9 69
35
te/Ap ricot
Tiiteon de Venice
*.
rI
ICI
101
'I
DeW
t
44
104
S
\
Of
Viokte
PJumb
I
H
I
T
H..
Vioku
21^
hative Peach
"h,
m^^ u
i^^z^fi^
uiij
of Yegetable^
45
to,
5
iJ
cpvex
""
tJie
W^ujids of Tiecs
58
120
ibiti:
-o
,ib
SfjMwherries
W
IT-
^fe/
ftr
ibid
Its
Its
Manner of Planting
Scc^rkt
ibid
3-
Rasher ry
17
S^^ds
Germinate
18
a8
to trani^l
When
PVall-tre'es
neceffary
pi anted
Dilate
how
^^dh
Service
Manner of pruning
how railed
weak how
to
57 33
be
.
Wallnuts
how
lailed
ftrengthned
63 loi
I
'1
43
)
South-Eaft:
Wall
Cold
00
Smh'fM Afpea:
^g
n
44>4i 45
.
lot
Dry
Sflice graft
29 29 38
113 ri4
Stocks
How
headed
Stock grafting
34 3& 38,39
40
6^0
.
White Frontinac Grape White FifoWhite Rasberry Wentworth Plumb filnter Fruits when to be
White
^
"J
118 123
P5
gathered
Mirabik
Afatchiefs
'
Plumb
9^
Standard Fruits their diftance of planting or at Trees t^n Straining the Roots of
prejudicial very ? Sterility the Caufe How prevented a Principle of Veget^bl in Rain and Dew ,
Supcr-coeleftial
Wood
Strawberry
12a
121
up
How propagated
61
Y
ibid.
5
9
J
ToU??g
leaft
pruning,
Apple
3
47
6%
9S
114
Zantoyne Grape
"1
:>
%
113
T
Taf-roots
**<-
xvfii
(T
I
\
t
w
1^
<"
k
__
1^
N
>%!
4t
1
^
'
NH
b
,1
<^
T
'A
t V
t.
il
\
I*
Chap.
.
^1
5
1
yx
''
3dH
!:
Folio.
Chap
^
FoIidJ
5
Pro
Manner of 6% Leaves of
HI.
in
diili^n
Of the
Moifture contained
for the
the Earth,
and Support of Plants 7 JV. Of the Manner that Nature fupports Plants with Moifture, and its EfFeds^ on 1 the Growth of Trees ^4 Of the Growth and Maturity of Plants XIV. Of the Manner of Gathering Fruits 1% and Preferving them after gathering 81 Vl. .Of the Manner of preparing Lands XV. Of Cherries for Plantations of Fruit Trees 30 XVI. Of Apricots 88 VlL The Manner of raifing Fruit-Trees in XVII. Of Plumbs 5)o
,
X-v.
r
Frmt-Trees, and their Force of imbibing Moifture for the Support of their c BloIToms, Fruits, &c. XIII. Of Blights, and the Manner of . dering Fruit-Trees, when in, and going of Bloflbm, half Grown, and Rip 74
^^
Of Peaches and Neaorines p8 and Manner of Tranfplanting, agalnft XIX. Of Grapes, and their Ordering no WaJls, Efpaliers, &c. XX. Of Fig-Trees 118 VIII. Of Afpe^ts and thdx Accidents 43 XXI. Of Strawberries IX. Of the Manner of Planting Foreft- XXII. Of Rasberries 122 Trees, to defend Plantations of Fruits XXIII. Of Goofeberries and Currants 124 from the Injuries of North, Eaft, and XXIV. Of the Black Mulberry Weft Winds 47 XXV. Of Philberts, Wallnuk and Be^rX, Of the Velocity wherewith Nourifti berries 27 pent enters the Roots of Fruit-Trees ; XXVI. Of Pears and Qij I and the Reafons, and Manner of Pruning XXVII. Of Apples
Inoculating,
'X
XVIII.
^ *
their
at
the
Tranfplanting
XL Of the Management
\
Time of JO
S3
of Fruit-Trees af
SS
i
i
T
To the
M
and I
and Succefs of Plantations wholly depend ff^^rjL^^'^T\ the Manner of Laying and Judg Kinds of Trees, 'that are moft Natural to thefr Soil This is to give Notice, That the Auth Advice may be readily commanded to any Part of
HEREAS
By
Ikiildlngs in
V^
Wh n Whom
7^
Gen
As
Grotto's, Bath's, Fountains, Caicad
alfo
Timber Growing or
Height required ..a M,.,
Fell'd
..aSlSfe-Si^; ^^^^^^^^^^
:*^
fi
i
\
;^-'
*:.
*w
-r-
o
f-
T H
"f
R
^
R
ST
.*
.PL.
N
D.
j^
t
H
V *
P.
TT'
lA
-aF
f-.
Of
I-
H
and moft
neceflfary
T'
*^
firft
Work
is,
to be done, before
we
Either to
make Choice
have,
fit
we
for
we
defi
\
ALL
Sand y
the
the
^
feveral Kinds o
Soil
tis
may
be reduced to Three,
Belief,
^u/^^
is
Loam
and Clay
my
that
Sand (only)
:
and
all
others
but Compounds
.
For, as
being Sand That Nature, Works in his of obferves , r aherwards and Lump, a to Hand the in worked and
\vill >
dried
in
the Sun 7
when thoroughly
dried J
fall
down
into a
Heap
/
/
^
2
".
M
Heap of Sand as before
with Oil ) an
laid
ar
5
N
if
'tis
A: Or
moiiften'd
dry,
it
but
in
the
fame Manner
in
the
Sun
to
So,
M^ill
incorporate y
and
become a very
Subflance.
om
hence
'tis
very
probable,
cording to the feveral Natures of the various Juices with which they
are mix'd.
m
NOW
and become
to
m
'tis
Prop
from thence
it is^
THE
feveral
may
for
very probably
Sand moiften'd
with Water has a different Colour from that mix'd with Milk, Oil, (^c.
Experience demonftrates, that Sand mix'd with Clay^ makes a
compound
Earth called
Loam 5
which
differs in its
EQUAL
makes
called a Middling)
Loam.
Loam
very
firfl
are th
:
The
Surface, or
I-
firfl:
Strata
and
*i
the
lafl:
for the
Bottom, or lowefl
Strata
-kF
vTWCi
Loam
Strata
>
Thefe two
this lafl
lafl are
Peaches, Figs,
&c.
Compofit
the
firfl
or Surfac
f
i*f
and
VINES
delight in rich
warm
Soils,
therefore the
Sand ought to
THE
'
w^f^
.4
I'he
.4
Fru I
thefe
GA
iSV rat as
EN
Illufirated.
^rj>
THE
mcnt
or
Depth of
tw
ke n
I,
ne eds never
or Surface, i6 Inches,
:
e
^
Feet, {viz.)
The
L
fiift iS^r^?
and
Bottom, or next
IS
lowefl: Stratay
8 Inches
wane of Heat
n
therefore
whenever
Fruit
Trees are
fuffer'd
to
ftrike their
Tap-Roots
and
their Fruits
frornt
infipid,
by
the
bibed
bclow.
IT
has been
(:he
Pradice of
full
many
theit
recommends
making o
three
Feet deep, in
their
Gardiener }
w ithout
i
con fideri nn
Heat in the
Earth, from
to
^ Inches deep.
THE
on
cold er an
That
at
two
Feet Depth,
'tis
27 Degrees
colder than
the
more
crude
the Nourifliment.
we
are fo
happy
for
as
to
making our
it
own
Choice of a Soil
has
Pi
the
advife
that
be Land whicl
-
not or
difturbed
of
60
Years, and
continually fed
Th
i*
it
be a
incli
Loam, of two
Spits in
Depth,
its
Bottom
about ten i
&c,
Feec
below
the Surfi
TO make Choice
agrees
to J
in
of
Soils,
by
^c*
>
as
Mr. Wife
notwith
Treatife aforefaid y
difficult
andin
J
yet
our Pa
I
when
'tis
1
for their
Befid es
not
by Smell or Tafte
>
be
of J
fome
neceffary for
the
I
/
i,':-
O
the Support
ture can
A: Or
of one Kind of
Kinds, wliich
Na-
diftinguifli
we
cannot 5 for
J
when we
Extream Droughty
Sand.
Kinds of Soils
r
and Clay,
prod
divers V^getabl
well
will
m
Timber
The
the
&c.
grow
and
Oak
Pear,
Appl
&.
in a ftrong
*.
Clay
BUT
Gi-owth
when
are
thefe
Loam,
th
m uch
g
Soil,
Time
of
and the
like
of almoft
ery other Pi
Therefore
when
ha s not
as the Natures
Trees require,
we
mu
t
end
to
make good
th
->
fuch Defeds
by Art
LANDS
Mud
of
Ponds,
&c, and
ftifF
wet, c^,
with Sand, Sea-coal-aflies, Street-dirt, and Horfe-dung, well mixt together. Pigeon*s-dung is alfo a good Manure for cold Lands^ being ufed with
Difcretion.
ALL
but
lefs
Help than
either
Sands or Clays
we muft
Nature beyond
its
Strength.
The
beft
i^ompoit Compoft ror for ivianuring Manuring a good gooa moaerate moderate
Loam,
is
Horfe-dun Horie-dung,
Cow
before
dung, and a fmall Qtiantity of Sea- coal -afhes, well mixt with the up of a frefli Meadow, in a Left a for Six. permoft Month
J
alfo
good Manures
Loams
Kinds of Soils are greatly improved by early Ridging, for light and fandy Lands are made tf^ereby capable of receiving the whole Bene fits of Rains, Snow, : that fall in the Winter, and
ALL
&
are
made
melloiv,
and
fit
for the
y
Spring
And Loams in
Reception of Seed and Plant s in the are not only meliorated and fweetned
the Sun,
by having
away by
Wind
&^
t
but
T.,
enabled to imbibe freely the great Benefits of Moifture, throuahout the whol wiiuic yvmer, Winter, as well as the genial Heat of the e Sun, Sun
in
Spring
which
and Support of
we
defire
t
to propag
CHAP.
I
1
'4
The Fr u
f
T-G A
R D
EN
lUufirated.
H
r
the
Principles
is
VEGETABLES.
Salt,
is
well
known
to
in greateft Part
com-
municated to them
at
their
Roots,
"'tis
when
the Earth
is
is
Growth of
Plants, ilie
Principles,
firft Fouc
r
BY
it
more or
lefs
Quantity
capable
1
more
or
lefs
&c.
or
Loams, wi
mbibe
muck
having
little
3
no
oily Partic
mit o
a free Entrance
refill
"I
Quantities thereof,
the Water's
free
Paffage therein.
j^
NOW,
they
more
or
lefs farniflied
Which
compofed of
therewith,
Kinds of Earths
furnifiied
Soil,
wherein 'twill
SUPPOSE
Fifth
Fifth
an
Oak
to
be compofed of equal
Fifth
Principles, viz.
one one
Volatile
Salt )
of Sulphur, one
3
Fifth
of Water,
of Air, and
Fifth
of Earth
THEN
M
THEN
I
A:
Or,
the
is
of each an
it
when
be
more
or
in
any other
Soil,
fplanced
erein
Growth
of which the
Oak
is
com-
pofed.
HENCE
And
contrarily,
it
is
that Alders,
in
Willow
Popl
&
&^
which hav
}
great Quantities
of Water
the
them 9
thrive in hot
Qi
which
thanVupports
its
them
Soil,
Therefore to be certain
proper
that's
we muft
'd in
firil
examine the
of each Principle
every Plant
:.
we would
then, if
we
in-
tend to cultivat
getables
And
may
we
Ve-
eqiial to thofe
of the
tainty
Soils
by every one
in Plant
TIS
ment,
therein
3
true,
render the
IT
Hurry of
Bufinefs
and
prevented the compleating of thefe fo-much wanted lliould gladly have obliged the World with
at th
and LifeVplanting'and
Gardening
which with
e greatefl:
Natures
dQi lahues,
be communicated, that every have a true Underftanding of the and thereby be always certain of
defired Succefs
CHAP,
The
Fru I T-G AR
D EN
lUufirated.
-'
H
Of the
Moifture contained
in the
III.
Light
ral
imperfed when deprived of any one of the feve Colours, of which 'tis compofed^ which the Prifm exhibits
Vegetables imperfed,
fo like wife
wh
when
any
that
their
Principles
Principle;
is
wanting.
And
'tis
very probabl
WATER
j
moft neceffary
and
Sulphur, are
Ifo
wanting
For
more
in
in
Earth
THIS
Vegetables
leaft Afliftance
great meafure
proved by Nature,
who
produces feveral
Spear-mint, and
many
ere
of Earth
nay
many
thrive
wi
?
GarJenei
Humidity of Air onlyT^BuTmrTntdTurs of Mr. London, Mr, Wife^ and Mr. Carpenter do
the the contrary
Retk'd
in general
feem to
a(I(
it,
they
agree to
with
that
Heat
3
Reafon of
Vegetables
an
Salt in the
Earth >
upon A6t>
NOW
this
Salt can
have no Influence
unlefs
it
he
diffohed, for
to compofe
whilfi
it is,
as it were^ fetter
it,
to the
Earthy and
fer'ves
((
the fame
Mafs with
;
it's
uncapahle of
the
neceffary
to
a a new Production
cc
lut
when
Water has
Salty
and
mingled
feparate
it
with
the
Qi
from them
CAN'T
O
^m^
A: Or
.>
?
S
.^
CAN'T
the Sale
therefore has
lee
confifts.
of Vegetables
volatile,
'
and not a
its
rofs
Body,
and
no
Parts
for th e
Nouridiment of Plants.
t
AND again,
then in very hot
fix or feven
if this
why
ace of
and dry
when no Rains
tall in
fo dry as to
tation,
mu
periflh
Dews
(tho
Salt therein
contained
new Produdion.
but oftent
is
But
contrary
do
perifhj
make new
Proof that
are
Produ(5l
a convincing
nutritive Sa
m uft
tained
Dews which
is
then their chief Support, and not in the dry Earth, which rendered nearly incapable of Adion
then
thefe
their
owri,
and
ftrid
/"
Refearches into the wonderful Operations of Nature, they might have difcover'd many of her furprizing Ways of working.
r
feen
what Prep
made
in
Buds, and Barks of Vegetables, to imbibe Nourifhment ^ when their Roots are pable of communicatin any,
it
as
om Dews w as to
away when
For
all
the Moifture
mbibed
Trees, <^c,
J
their
Roots ;
IS
making of Sap
lieved
forming
new
Buds, Branches,
&
as
IS
generally
(But
handl
alfo ha\
y
known
the great
Power
th
Ai
Growth o
and
repels in
Vegetabfes
how
State
it
when
an
How
:
el a ftick
it
Sap
And how ?
its
they
Ve-
whereby
Growth
is
carried
the
Growth of Vegetables
How
>
is
performed
?
fi
ite
Combination;
volatile
their Principl
and
that
the
Salt
and
\
I-
'--
The
\
Fruit-Garden
lUufirated.
and Sulphurous
Particles
in
Rains and
Dews>
BUT pardon
Subje(5l in
me
for this
I will
proceed to the
Hand.
1
THE
fhould be
different
Quantity o
in
Moiftur e
effary
for
e
5
Supp
for
o f Pi ants >
I
fome del
in
at
'i.
much, and
others in
&.
therefore
Natu
ably
Depths,
furnifli'd
the Surface of th
AND
little
*tis
obfervable, that
thofe Plants
5
whole Nature
rec|uire
but
ex
tend
Roots to
greater Depths.
HAVE
Support of Pla
made d
that
Nat
had
o vided
or the
an
Quantity
which
AND^the
alfo
in his
Vegetable Statlch y
anncr following
ON
the laft
Day
of July,
in the
Ye
714 he dug up
a Cubicle
Garden and his putting in an Alley of Surface the from 5 poot of Earth weighed before he known, was Weight whofe it into a Cubical Veffel,
it
and found
its
Weight equal to
the from Earth of Cubical Foot a fecond up dug he done, THIS And Ounces fix Pounds 06 was I Weight whofe } firft, the of Bottom which fecond, the of Bottom the from Foot Cubical third a laftly.
:
weighed
1 1
Pounds
one Third.
but below
THESE
run
then did Springs the which under depth, Feet two of them a Gravel
ighcd weig
^ *i
'
;
A
4
/ I
f-
^f^
^^m^
lO
O
I
Or
its
Weight to
half
^
very
littl e
more
Gravity of Earth
But Spring-water
Nature o
is
oftentimes fomething
from
which
it
fpring
AFTER
were
laid
that
their
and
and
when
fo dry
Vcg
is
it
had
loft
fix
Pounds
Bulk
eleven
its firft
THE
was
of
left
its
when
the
firft
was weighed,
Pounds
loft ten
Weight.
+ eight
Bulk.
FROM
decreafed in
thefe
Experiments
it
appears,
That
the fecond
Cubick Foot
Weight
firft
much
or
more
it.
And
'tis
obferveable,
that the
Roots
that
poffefs
in that
made
fitter for
which, for want of the genial Heat of the Sun (being crude and un
prepared) are unfit for the Support of Vegetables.
BUT
Strata
s is
notwithftanding
that
Moifture in the
next lower
yet
'tis
fliould
be there in
which
is
as they
advance in Growth
For
if there
which will
when
come
imbibed
and
perfpired
by
Plants.
AND
rf
The
R U
GA
_
R.
D EN
Illujirated.
II
AND
Lands
it
is
from
thefe Supplies
Soils fupport
their Plants in
perifh
is
r+
not
fit
for
f
when
'tis
very
eep, yet as
it
alcends an
comes nearer to
the Surface,
better
prepared,
and
at length
made
fie
THE
Moifture
in the
lower Strata
IS,
in
lome mea
th
>
d by the attradive
Force of Vegetables
e firft,
\
Pow
which
the Sun, as
laft
is
we
as
im bibing
Woods with abound greatly which becaufe thofe Countries o Roots the For planted are thofi Rai
:
imbibing Force
up
nd imbibe
with
Q
Two
Feet
tities
TIS
therefore at that
w
Depth
alfo,
:
there
is
contained
at
in fuch
Quantity
raifed
by
the
Two attractive
!i cnoien
Powers
not
aforefaid
Which Depth
Na
the
^'
Heat of
Nourifliment for the MoiftuTe fit rancid crude the prepare there can Sun drying Winds, and the Sun, of Rays fcorching the Vegetables, but
of
away
of their Support.
\
r
% Hales Mr. read them let Moift of Afcenfion the doubt D IF any explained the Man thus Having and Pag. 55 Vegetable Statkhy 54
in hot
it
from the
loweft Strata
r
of the Earth
perhaps
mayn't be amifs
if I
fliould fpeak a
Word
or tw
re
BY
Pag. 5J.)
his
Statlch
moift
1
4
12
moin: Earth: increafcd in
the next
M
Day
to,
A: Or
decreafed
iSi
Grains.
And
that nothing
might add
this curious
and
ufeful
two
Pans, in
two
r
Bottoms J which mi
it
make
Dew
fallen,
adually was
AND
Dew
drier,
fell
on
that Earth
which was
m oft moi
with a
much
geneous.
cc
THE
is
Day of nine
<c
Hours,
time
an Inch, of
iC
of an Inch.
NOW
You
The
if
y6i
180
Grains,
which
;
are equal to
Ounce
receiv'd
282 GrainsJ
in
fubtrad the
Difference
Dew
one Night
is
Jg2
is
the extraordinary
Quantity evaporated
from a Circular Area of Earth of one Foot Diameter every 24 Hours in the Summer, more than falls in Dew in the Night. Which in 2 1 Days
is
near
i6 Ounces.
)
For
T*:,.
582
Multiply'd
V
by
21
the
Number
of Days
582
11(^4
The
Produft
is
12 2 22
Grains.
And
K-
/
ir
!^^
T The Fr u I -G A R D E N
lUufirated.
13
Atid fince
480
Grains
is
equal to one
as follows.
Ounce,
therefore
divide
the
480)12222(25 Ounces*
960
2^22
2400
22 2
but 258
Grains, fliort
of an Ounce
complete,
make
the
whole
%6 Ounces.
NOW
But
to
find
Quantity of Moift
exhal c
rom 1
greater
&c. we mud
I
proceed as follows
the
3
may
be fully
clear'd,
will
go through
whole
for the
one may
Knowledge thereof
is
The
circular
bein
its fuperficial
Quantity^n
may be
thus found,
m%.
Ifjbtr-^
hven^and dhiding
he the
the
rodui
hy fourteen^ the
^otient will
Area required.
'*
'^
EXAMPLE.
,"'
MON
EXAMPLE.
The Diameter
Multiplyed by
Or,
12 Inches. 12
r-
24
12
\
The
firft
Produa
is
44
1
Which multiply by
^
'44 144
i
-.y*
^^
The 2d Produd
which divide by
1
4)
84(1
is
the
Num-
14-
018
Inches.
H
i
044 4*
02
qual to
Seventh
t
remains^ which
is
to find the
Number of fquare
Inches in a fq
multiplying twelve Inches the one Side of the by twelve, another Side of the Square, and the Produd wiUbe
known by
qual to
which 44;
is
the
Number of
fquare
Inches contained in a
Foot
EXAM9LE.
The
Fruit-Garden
X A M<P
11
Inches
Side
lUufirated.
'5
of a
Scjuare
Foot
Multiply'd
by
12
one o
other Sides.
24 120
The Produd
144
Which
Foot as required.
THE third
Rod,
a
half,
Work
is
to find the
Number
of Square Feet
in a
1
Square
by multiplying
a-
6 Feet and
Number of
is
Feet
the
contained in
Rod
in
Length) by the
Number
X
Feet:
M'P
Inches.
E.
16
16
06 06 00
96
00
00
o
o
'
The Produa
t7%
Which are
Rod
as
required.
dR^^
AND
culation
I
as
60
may
AS
for
Example
>
A SQUARE
contains
39204
is
^^6 \^
a,
AND,
I
'*l
*-
i<5
M
AND,
evaporated from
has been proved,
N
that in i
\
Or
>
F
Day
6 Ounces were
46 3
(the
Number
\
o
^
Circular Feet
(the
Quantity evaporated
Produa
will
be 895x5, which
is
Rod
21
Day
1
IF
Spjxi be divided
,
\6^ (the
Ounces
in
a Pound J'verdupoh)
V
is
we may
reduce the
the
562 ^ Pounds
into Gallons
Number
26
the |f,
Rod
in 2
Days.
NOW
\J
ly
11^1
IF, in 21 Days_,
what Quantity
is
Days
>
ANSWER.
IF
428 Ounces,
and
N.
B.
the judicious
Gardener does
'weJl conjider
thh,
he twill
NOW,
Rod.
I
feeing that
we have
will
is
Wh
3
Quantity of
I
1
Moifture
the
1
evaporated in
of a whole Summer
i
which
begin at
5 th
at the
jth of 05ioh
containing
54 Day
Br
'
the
Rule
Proportion
428 Ounces
are evaporated
one
Days
154
ANSWER
i<
The
Fr
u it-G
ard
N"
Illufirated,
-T'^
-I
ANSWER.
J14
Gallons,
Sm
65912 Ounces,
equal
to 41 19
Pounds
i
>
c qual to
10 GallonsJ
Pint.
m--^
a^
!#
NOW
in the
to
%^iz.
1*
IF
1
fro
m
^
are
evaporated in
Acre (viz.
60 Rods)
in the
fame
Time
ANSWER.
to
82390
Gallons, equal to
2^16
4
Barrels,
14 Gallons.
NOW,
\
as
have
this Calculation,
is
let
us proceed
little
Further,
face
may
be given foe
.
J
ir
NIC. Crugmus
(C
C(
{as
Mr. Hales
obferves, p. 55.)
N^
581. of the
Year from
Water .
in
/. e.
me^n
iC
Rate
5
Part of an
r
u Inch
cc
of a Surface
/ of Earth in Summer,
of an Inch
there will
to th e Evaporation
ir
to three.
4
j-^
FOR
fince that ^l
is
'the re
fore, in twelve
Days,
in
be one
Depth evapoi^atcdj
the Length of a
and confequently
much about
Summer) one
do not
fall
entire
in that
Time,
From
this
we may
eafily
"^
Wafte of Water
*'
in ftagnant Fiflhponds,
n
Canals, &4:.
}
\
BUT
^ of an Inch in
Day,
AND
as
the
firft
Exp
the
der'd
Earth
s.
i8
Eanh
1
M
Vegetation
3
N
40 Days,
Or
unfit for
therefore if
S(]iiare th
^
5 3
44
req
P^ys
to
Earth as
rv
nfit for
V^g
Which
5 2
Day
is
Summer
Ion
and
'tis
aSpace
Foot
in
Depth,
fo very dry 5
be unfit
1
for
V^g
V
\
BY
Gall
ith as
een dcmonftrated
in
i
That
y
5H
Rod of Ground
/
Day 54
in
Day,
it
appears to be fome
e
(tho'
very
little)
more.*
I will
demonft
..
ame
the fol
v-^
Operation g
SINCE
that
288 Square
Inch
Inches,
which
f
iporated in
40 Days,
an
88
Cub
.4.
being equal
contains
1
one
Square
Foot
44
one Inch
in
Depth,
is
equal to
two Quarts, or
qual
half
Gallon
and confequcntly 27
evaporate in
is
Sq
%'
Feet 43 (which
^
Rod) doth
one Foot, which
Quarts
^*
40 Day
545
>
t?
times i the
Quantity of
Gallons one
eau
to
Quarts,
qual to
See
?
\
e qual
^f
*
Barrels i
d one Q\
tJie
Op
The
Cubical Inches
in
one Gallon
88
The
44
e quallo the
Square Inches
in a
Rod' 27
2
!
- V
..-,
5
*
dud
tiplied
^
<
544
'-
\..
I
r
'
for the
of a Foot mul
'i-
by
2, equal to I
is
Foot ;
qiial
to one Quart.
And'
The Produd
S.
545
Rod
of Ground in
tlie
Sp
of 40 Day
NOW
i,j
\
u.
^r
*
K.^
>
r
t'-
^he F R u
T-G A
D^
N.
Illujlrated.
rp
by
1.JL-
4)545(1
(5
the
Number
of Gallonsi
I
4'-
It
*'w-
15
iiA.
NOW
Surface
r
fay,
If in
40 Days
ij6 Gallons
are
are evaporated in
154 Days
ANSWER.
aforefaid.
51 j
mtilti|)lying
ij4 by 1565
,^
THE
As 40
is
Proportion
is
thi IS
5
:,
40
to
:
1^6
154
523
:
that
is
>
-a,
.f
i3<^,
.
ici_k_i54 to 523
as following
Numbers
40
136
154 136
^13
(Tf
<^
k\ 4
^^
divide
by 40)20944(5x3 2CO
1
I-
94
80
144 120
fr-
24
"
tl
or
-rf,
ot 1.
NOW,
-:n.
*^
20
M
if
Or
NOW,
we compare
this
before obtain'd,
wc
fliall
The
Rod
in
54
5H
5^?
The
Gallons
now
-
found
-
at 40
Days
The
Difference
is
is
nearly
^ of
an Inch in a Day,
^.E.
2).
ACCORDING
Mr. HaJeSj p,
<c
6. it J
appears
is
" That
the Quantity of
which
falls in a
Year,
at a
Medi
11 Inches
V
cc iC
THE
+
Day
is,
at leaft.
I
the
Rate
at
which
it
evaporates in a
Sum-
cc
mer'
ic
FROM which p
a ting
-f i Inches;- are to
a
c
be deduced
5.
?p In hes
for
De
remains
6.
Which
fell s
2 Jnch
dedu(5led
from
lead
the
in
-^
<(
6 Inches Depth
'^
plenifli
the
for
t>
and Rivers
Depth of Water, with which the Earth is S 6 replenift'd and Springs and Rivers fupplied, would be all evaporated in
I
1
,
I
TH
Inches
of 6^0
Day
the Spac(
is
but
Year
Week s
eafily
t^i
would
So
the
whole World be
Dew
IT
for
rattd in
is
evapor
therefore tnuitiply
6, the Inches
e
Depth o
Water
40 >
Number
Da
that one
Inch
T
>
The
\
Fruit-Garden
the
lUuftratel
2f
wl
being
Inch
divided
evaporating, and
Produd
Week,
be 6
Day
by 7,
the Days in a
Weeks T i
Day
The Days
I
that
Is
40
Inch
in the
Supp
&.
46
w 4
The
to
)
Produ(5t
Which
divide
by
7)640(9 1 Weeks,cqual
7
Days remain*
Now,
arc evaporating
five Inches,
fame time,
foiir Feet,
$
| Depth of Water
it
that
Day
>
we
is
Number
of
Day
Inches of Water
It
evapo
of the Eartli>^h^i_4
2^ (the Day
one Inch
c
is
evaporating
Tj
om
the
which
Depth of Water
would be evaporated
in
640 Day
a)^4o( J 3 i
Inches Depth
60
40
-
-/^
Remains, equal to
^.
WE
is
having gone
inform
us
ow
to
is
daily evaporated
by
the Sun,
that
&c. we
lliould
now
by
perfpired
away
thro' the
Leaves of Plant?.
FOR
;
*
>
..
22
M
FOR
thereby
A:
Or
we
fliall
is
fuffi
behold
THE
P
Experiment
will
mad
*'
Mr, Hales on
a yery great
Vegetable Stattch)
obferv'd,
Help
was th
a
That
the Space of
Ground
that
its
ten Pounds,
the Space of
Days, and
th
Pound s 3
:
therefore th
e
Quantity evaporated an
occupied about four
Roots
w ailed
have
\ oo
/
I
Evap
and Perfp
Earth w^ould
in the Space of
For as
are
we
Pints
allow
5
Pound of Water
fince that
to
Pounds 3 9
9 3
and
39
F
J.-
'I
2 34
117
f.
Fro dud:
1404
the
Number
21 Day
of Cubical Inches
be 2 ||| equal to
18^
which
is
fomething more than 2 Inches | in Depth, which requires more than 1 00 Days for its Evaporation.
V...
44
Multiply'd
of
Cubical Foot
by
is
Number of
divide
Cubical Feet
The Product
57^.
By which
1404
four*
57^5)1404(2 jf
The Depth on
Cubical Feet 5
1152
*-K^
35^
Remainder, equal to
H when reduced.
NOW
The
H U
Ga R.D
Illufirated.
Sun evaporated
it^
viz. as lo
to
2p
which
is
very near
as
one
is
to three
when we water
the Sun-Fl
IS
we
Moift lire
to be near
cva
r
by
5
tl
was proved
j
27
Pints
Red And
njtz-
which
is
e qual
to
Gallons
2)iem
r^
like
of
all
to their different
Powers of Perfp
all
the
beft
Kinds of
truits
were planted
in Pots,
*
and covcr'd
with Lead, as
eafily
Icnow
theit different
perfpiring
But then
Plants >
Care mufl
Magnitude of the
vera
^s near e qual as
that
by
we may
their
every Evening
of
Weights.
TO
Growth,
be very
accurate in
thefe
Experiments,
'tis
neceflary to
ve,
make
Years
Experiments on
that
one 5
difi
two >
with
thr
four >
diff(
&c.
we might
'<
hat
Force they
im
adv^rtTccNel-in^
thei r
And when we
Plants,
may, by comparin
their
know
their Perfpirations
AND
while
rees
fmce
L
wi
be found to b
different as the
Deg
place
Thermom
our PI
know what De
gainfl thofe
And
w m
derful
an won great very for thofe account and behold afterwards times Entertainment continual a be wi i of Nature which
Op
tions
w ell
our
DireAory
Plants and
alfo,
v^
are to reliev
Fruits,
in hot
y^^
BUT
24
M
BUT
Spring
as
A: Or
m
Experiments o
bferv'd thro'ouc
th
a
Natur
be
I
Lin
in
the
an
willi
whole Summer,
therefore
d
it
(Go
to
begin
this
:
Work
after
continue
Summer
which
an
communicate
my
Obfervations
delicrht,
Improvement of
thofe th
and
d in thofe
and Gardening.
n
I
IV.
*
Of
the
Manner
.-^
that
Nature fupports
^
10
Plants
oj
with
Moifture, and
Growth
Trees.
..
LA NTS
Springs,
'are
Rains y
Bark,
Dews)
&c, which
*.^
BudSj and
IN warm
\
dry
Day
they
receive Iheir
Nou
Trees
?
r ifhment
at their
are in a perfbiring
j
State,
Roots only
at
for
&
pen
the
A
:
their
Lea
&c
fame time
But
Day
to
a ftrongly im-
bibing State
Dew
at their Leaves
and Bark J
as well
as
Roots.
/
IF
Perfpiration
of
Plants, let
them read
Stat'ich, which,
feveral Opetations in
Gardening 2
IN
%f
^.
JtV
.alfqi><H^>l
iifJI^-
.-
The
"~V
Fru it-Garden
the' Perfpiration
IHuJirated.
25
^^
of Plants
is
not
great, as
>
in
nay, very
they have
no
Perlp
but
and then
it is
is
full
of Crudities,
their Fruits
to perfpire
it
immature, with
infipid Taftes
THIS
therefore.
is
manifefted
this
cold
Summers
app
even for
abfolutely neceflary.
that
le
very
as
et in
much
perfpire
away
*p
the Crudities
of the Sap
^
THIS
their
is
thick together in a
Wood,
hilfl:
thofe
on
very
Tops
neareft to the
Root,
at
the
Top,
yet for
want of
i'
free
but, being
wk^
whilft
thofe
on the
Root,
a free enjoy always which Tops, much. expand and freely, perfpire
fiom
the
And on
the
ftand fingle,
have
their
largeft
and
Tops
furnifh'd
with
lafl:
Sap,
vhich renders
ferved.
And
tis
rom
of
this
that
Foteft
Trees acquire
their
beautiful
AND
'tis
as
at their
Ends
if the
as in
But
middle
thin of
of Trees
Dwarf Trees
in
Gardens, or very
free Peripi-
Wood,
then
their
feveral
ration
Jff-
26
all their Parts,
M
Shoots.
V
Or
full
>
and confcquently be
of Buds, Leaves y
THIS
come
for hereon
depends
Labou
which
fhall fully
demonftrate whe
down
the Reafons
BY
.
the preceding
Account
it
appears,
That
'tis
very Beneficial to
when
The
Statich y
iffi?/(?^,
r
mention^'d
in
his
Vcgetalh
is
p
its
TI
3
at
two
is 5
Feet
Depth
the
Heat
as
fiderable
and conftant
that
the
fame
by Night
O
by
are
Day
con
d that by
ftrong Influence }
s^
Qt
during the
Moiftu
lly raifed
r
cc
warm Summer
Seafon,
the Support
e
The
IC
Particles,
*
when
by Heat, do
afcerid
Form of
Roots of Plants
9
THEREFORE
very realb
(as this
Gentleman
t)S
eijeve
That
by
Means of
new
Suppl
of Moifture
the
For
if
the
Humidity of
the Earth
which they
m
in
Earth, merely
thofe Shells of
by knbibin
contain'd
if
Roots
and
why then that Earth which is next to their Roots would be always much dryer than that which is farther from it, which is not And again, if this was the Cafe, why then Plants that grow always fo
fo,
:
in
Earth
root
want of Moifture,
Tubs, fuch
as the
as thofe in
fame Plants when they are planted in larcre which we plant our Orange Trees, whofe Bottoms
preventing the rarified Vapour from penetrating the Roots of the within planted Trees, they do therefore foon exhauft away all the
Moifture
d more
in
Tub, and
perifli
if
AND
TJje
lUufirated.
'iiP'
27
AND again,
poffible
Gentleman
were not
it
Strata
Sj
how would
be
f?U
them
to
fubfift
in
or
llain for
Mon
genial Heat
THEREFORE
of
the
with the Attradion of the capillary Sap-Veflels, the Moifture is raifed > imbibed d carried up thro' the Bodies and Branches of Plants, and
thcrice paffing into the Leaves,
it is
there
moft vigoroufly
dulating
atfled
up
thoHe
thin
Plat
4
an
it is
put in
an
Motion by
off,
the
Sun
^^'armth, where by
their SurR
3
moft
plentifully
it is
thrown
whence,
as foon as
difentangled J
mounts with
great
NOW,
1
from what
is
here deliver'd y
tlS
ain,
That
eep
and
great Quantities o
to
Moifture in
their
lower Strata
5,
make
Seafons
/
n,
they
may
be able to
fubfift
\Vatering,\
which muft be
S^'ih^
at thofe Seafons
when we
plant in fhallow,
dry-botrom^
/"ucJi
as Saq^js. Gravels,
&c.
-Lli-Jf.^
p.
/
\
-^
MI'
28
FO M
'El..
Or 7
/*
H
Of
the
V.
of
GkowTh
V
and
Maturity
after
plants
t
HE
its
firft
Operation of Nature,
Win
is
Seed
necefTary for
Vegerable, is to imbibe as
much
Moifture as
Germination, whereby
it
fwells
his
put in an Iron Pot with Water, and, as they dilated themfelves they 7
raifed
1
p 94
p
NOW
Qiiantity
r
7
of Moifture,
late in
'tis
no wonder
:
that
hen fown
dry Seafons
Therefore the o
Maxim
of fowins
AND
e
ell
fince
that Seeds
dilate
:
themfclv
Soil
'
Germination
meliorated
eretore ch
by
digging,
&c,
of
wherein they are fow'd fiiould not only for their free Dilatations,
Plumes, or
firft
but
for the
more
eafy Penetration
their tender
firft
leading
fhooting Roots y
e
wi
their
fubfeq
Fibres3
in
the Earth.
'tis
For when
that
Radicles
impoffible
N
N
IF
any
Sieji\
to
to
Genmnatton of Seed
them read
tformd homo Nature operates ft om the the Formation Biidi Shoot &c. let
Mr.
}^9yU9 J
?5
THE
latation
and Extenllon of
Buds
when
fliUy
grown.
V
SOME
The
RU IT-G A RD EN
I
rated.
20
Fruits 5
SOME
4
their
within the Bud^ vifible to the naked Eye, without the Help of a Microfcope
3
as
the
Bud of a Mulberry,
with
its
It
thr:o
om
the .Vertex to
its
has carefully placed^ not only to wrap up and prefer ve the tender Fruit
the away fpirc Nourifliment, and per Cold, to^attrad during the Winter's
in fuch
Manner,
fo as to
the drying
Winds and
fcorching
Rays of
THE
of the Seafon
Wet
Springs
foft
do always pro1
becaufe their
dudile Parts do
in a
dry
e
ig the
>
Fibres
flop
the
further
Growth o
>
Shoot
their
by
fed
by
the
is
ordinary Heat
Th
5
n.loft
enial
Heat
Englljh Plants
the
^
from
-*
7 to
o Deg
Month
* f
May
COLD
than
cold
in the
Spring has
3
wor
Effect
on
Autumn
for
Quantity or Proportion
them
at their Spring,
than
Autumn,
they a
more
liable to
be
injured "by
Cold ^han
their
in the
Autumn, wh
o
they are in
Quantity
:
Deg
ee
of Maturity
For the
is,
*
great
Work
of Nature
together
in
bringin
Fruits
and Seeds
the
to Maturity,
a(5tive
to
c ombi le
in a
due Prop
more
and noble
its
that conft
Oil, which, in
moft
And
the
Salt and Earth of Degree fome without found is never thofe are rm more the Maturity this more perfed >
*
Principles
ited
Vide Vegetable
Statkh
22.
FROM
in a dry
deliver'd in refpeft
the
Growth of Shoots
ppears.
That
weak
fo as to. keep
add to
their
Growth
And on
Growth o
tarded >
J
and thereby
t
made
fruitful.
CHAP
'
o
.
tr-
t-*<
M
AT-
Or
m
'
-qi-i
Tl
J*
*
'f
\*
H
0/^
//j^
VL
HE
befi:
Seafon for
T.' -
we
defign to
make
Plantations of Fru
--'
the Moifture
of th^ Ground
IF your Land
is
deep,
that
is,
in
Depth
tis
-?
bed
in
to trench
it
two
Spits,
and the
is
Crumb
it,
(as term'd
by Gardeners)
Spit that
may mellow
is
er eof.
But
if
your Land
flbalJow,
to
and
that to
be
laid in Ridges,
;
Reafons
aforefaid,
and
level'd
down
'
%
F your Land
in the
is
not over
frefli
or rich,
Would
be very ferviceable
rotted,
to
mix
fuch as
old
it
&c,
but not
account,
the
fliould
Workmen
of each
A,
bottom
Spits
Trench, as they are apt to do, when they work by the Grate, (nay
when by
the
Dayj and
of a moderate Size
meliorate
for
when
fo
well y as
lefs fit
ones,
for
fliould
thrive
.
->
WHEN
The
Fru
IT
Ga R DE N
IJluJiratel
31
A %
,r
WHEN
t
by
Bottom comes
-m
ris
vc
^
is
off,
and
And
firft
if at
the
to fay; lef
Spit
8 Inches
Depch^ the
only Method
is
to rdife
ic
with the
r
of a green Sward, or
'
Meadow,
-
Knowledge
or want o
.
Cattle has
<^'ori
tin nail y
i't^,
been fed
But
calls
of the very
and
Feet
freflieft
we
can
cret.
and
there\Vith
Depth
v
i
,t
WHEN Lands
Lands,
ftifF
in
cold
len
we mu
at proper
the
Land
is
dry
but
ir
CO
tis
much
the
Way
to
rai aife
a
.
re pare d
in a Leftal, as
direded
)
in
the
firft
my Ne^
Principles
Gardening.
1
^
r4
inC) the
lower Strata
much
beft
Way, "when we
plant"
our Trees
not o nly to
to
downwards, but
pave the
which
&c.
WHEN
Trees,
gings,
in vain
Lands
prepare dfitfi
>
&c.
by
frequent
Dig
Houghing
;
M;
&^
is,
otherwife our
firft
Labours wall be
For
fince that
the Moifture
reat
art,
which fupports
Roots
of
Plants in
Seafons,
fluence of the
i
Sun
'tis
may
have a
fi"ee
Penetration
And
not
r'
trf
..*
*-*
22
'*
OM
m
'%
Or
ai as aforefj
the
Rains (when
Earth
flore the
of Plants, >
when
is
and
refifts,
but
"H *v
by Ttenches dug
in proper
to
Reception
an
at
BottomsJ about
one Foot
Brick-bats,
5
&c.
they will
Water
and
t
want o
them
Laying of Bufhes^
dure
fagg
T
&.
will en-
many
End
m
'I*
' '
L t
#\
J*^
*
r
\
.:%
-'i^,
'
'
'
s*^
t
-^
'\.
*v
."
i.
-A.
wWl.
The
Fr u it-G ard
lUufiratel
33
Jwl^
J*
VIL
raijing
mi
The Manner
their
or
Fru it-Trees
in
a Nurfery
Grafting ,
Inoculating ,
&C
rccs,
HE
feveral
Methods of
raifin
Fruit
are
from
SctSisJ
'^f
THE
Peaches,
feveral
Kinds
of
Cherries,
Service,
Apricots,
Figs,
Apples,
Pears>
Plumbs,
Walnuts,
and Mulberries
their
now
in
bein
5
were
Seeds or Kernels
but
now to
pro^gagate them,
is,
either
by
Cuttings, LayersJ
Grafting, or Inoculation,
THE
feveral
Kinds
that
may be
j
and
Figs
but
much
the beft
way to
encreafe
t them by Layers.
WHEN we are to
encreafe
jufl:
before
5
the Fall of the Leaf take off the Cuttings from the Mother-Plants
and
th em in
^r.
ob
to lay
them
in flopin
as their lovveft
Parts
don't exceed a
Foot in Depth.
They
fliould
perfpire in.
THE
34
OM N
THE
and
1
A: Or
Vines muft be cut at a Bud, but the Figs muft not be topp'd.
their
Ends
are
Inches
out of
Ground
>
tis
fufficient.
IT
k.
will
be-
warm
thro'out
when they
are ftriking
Root, and
advancing
in their
Growth.
AND
the
firft
remain there
of two Years,
much
than to remove
them
Year
_
after planting.
'
^^
N.
B.
IF
Wa^
mil add
"very
much
to
ther Growth,
-i
BUT
that the
the
beft
Way
of
raifing
thefe
Fruits,
is
by Layers,
the
becaufe
whole
Time
of
their ftriking
THE
the
bed Seafon
for
Work
fufficient
is
OMer.
>
for
len
they have
Root
'
of
we
Method of
rai
'A
CHERRIES
which are
raifed
are
commonly budded
common
Stocks
Black Cherry.
J^TLES
the Crab, as alfo
are grafted
on Crab
from
raifed
on Stocks
raifed
is
the Kernels
raft
of Apples, of which
to
that
called
the Taradice,
the beft to
on
make Trees of
'PEARS
The
Fruit
*% t
A R D EN
(llujlrated,
TEARS
the
ild wna
are
raft e
upon Pear
Srocks, raifed
alfo,
raifed
or Layers.
light,
Thofe Pears
that
5
are
r aft e
on Pear
Stocks^, are
bed
for
mellow,
warm
Soils
Stocks,
wet and
cold Lands, fome few Sorts of Pears excepted, that will thrive better on
&
contra.
TEARS
*
may
the
Laurel, but
Fruit
n othim
the better^
for
rais'd
on Plumb
Stocks, thefirft
by
Grafting,
TEACHES
on Peach
Stocks^
and Ne^arines
are propagated
by
Inoculation, either
Almond
Stocks,
Julian Stocks.
light
Plumb
Stocks
for thofe
that
more
very
ftrong and
diffi cu
cold.
But
there
are
many
to
the
make
Plumb
Stock,
cJ
on
Apricot
mm en
firft
That
all their
beft
be
made
have plenty of
firft
of the
Pulp s
and
as
fliould be fo
wn
and
Beds o
Mould j
that
is
in Nature moderately
a thick Inches two about /fine-.Mould, with d being moift Winter the from them prcferve to that, over Dung good Coat of rotten
Cold, during
their
Germination.
YOU
mu
not forg
to
fet
fuflScient
Number
e
othervvife will
deftroy
Kernels
the Frofts
and
dif>
And
in
March, when
and
O MON
take on, coming Spring and the
Or 7
the
away
Dung, and
Plumes may
-
ive
the Surface
a gentle Houghing
the fame.
IF
Weather proves
ry
durin
to
the
give
Water, being always kept clean from Weeds, which every one
to do, that
is
ex
a Lover of Gardening.
WHEN
from each
the
young Seedlings
Pipe in
eir
are
arrived
to the Magnitude of
common Tobacco
8 Inches Diftance
for then,
by having a
free
alway
f(
culating
abo
the
they wi
gether,
than
when
planted
5
very
clofe
the
common
Manner
ufed in Nurferies
free
drying circulating
Sap,
their
and confe
WHEN
half
Inoculation,
the Stocks o
young Plantation
or Graft
an
The
firfl:
Operation
being to
orm
February
the other ia
THE
Fru
whole Care of
thefe
Worf
is,
to
take
Cuttings of fuch
we would
an
a healthy and
fruitful State,
not
rom
and thofe
Year's
Growth
TIS
Month
confirm
bfolutely neceflary to
full
may
and thereby
Unions
inftantly,
are cut
from a Tree
g
?
and
therefore
BUT
\
The
\
Fruit-Garden
4
lUuftratei
V
Month
BUT
befo re
are to
e
lie
tho
e
p
king of Curting
ic
om
e
Trees
Time
of Graft
muft
all
that
mufi:
be
with their
well
Ends
dofed a
in the Earth,
until
Du immediately ufc
t
them
at the
Time
of Grafcin
the
firft Fruits
we" begin
grafting
which
3
is
Pears abou
Beginning
is
an
End
5
of March,
y
a httle rarified
rife freely
by
th
win
from
arc
Wood.
?
\
i
\.\
THERE
large
5
feveral
Ways of
Grafting Fruit-Trdes5
fome bein
proper for Stocks that are fmall: others for thole that are
mo deratcly
, i
and
laftly J
grown.
*
-^
THE
J
feveral
Methods of Grafting
maybe
reduc'd
to
three, n)i%.
5
Whip
and
laftly
Kind
grown
M
THE
Knife that
flary
Inftruments
thefe
Works^
are,
^ very good
5
cuts
00
Saw
to cut ofFfuch
Branches
"%
the Cleft
-I-
good Quantity
found Bafs'Matting
with well-prepar'd
Loam,
their
Horfe-dung
IS
Hands when
cl-
the
Loam
little
too moift or
clammy
every thin^ t
in
readinefs for
BEING
much
the better
felf.
prepar'd
is
Work
but
Way
to have a
Boy
or
Man
to
loam
after
you, than
loam your
TREES
< V
38^
MON
A; Or
TREES
that
5
are
and Wall-Trees
at fix
or
eight Inches
above Ground.
4
THE
Cion,
Manner pf
Spl ce-Gfkftjn
ed
Whip.Grafting)
IS
per
rm
in the 1
k
mak in
(as
an oblique Sedion.
the Section c^ Fig,
3
or
flop in
I.)
Cut
Slit
like
a Pen J
I.
Iate
with a
the Bottoni
fit
tlien
Top
7
of the Stock
a
C
^Slit
the inward
Sed
Cion a
Fig AY, wi
y
downright
as
/=
as the Si
may
lower Part of the Cion y be exadly fmooth with the lower Part of the Cut the
e
of the Stock y
Stock at t^Fig.lY'
And if it
as
is
greater
the
Cion
of
the Stock i
5
lie
for
then
eafier
other, they
can
in
If
placed your
Cion
do not
clofe together,
with-'Bafs-Mat, bind
them
clofe, fo
that the
Wet
You
muft
fee
m
3
well loamed
that
it is
that the
Loam
is
toms
which wi
all its Parts,
imme
diately,
and
t^
that
well work'd in
fo as to
have no Cracks
therein
I
WHEN
to cut
it
for Grafti;ig,
you muft be
careful
free
off at a Place
7
wh :re
the
Bark
is
pes-fedly fmooth,
and
fiom Canle
*.
Mois s,
&,
cut your Cuttings or
at leaft
M
bfolutely neceffary that
I.
TIS
Bud,
Cion
it
againfl;
fi
as at hy Fig.
and
that
you have
or
'tis
by
and
the attractive
Power of
the
Bud
draw Nouridiment
AND
I
The
FR
T"G A R
D^ N
IRufiratel
B9
AND
Bud be
perfpire
'tis
i\\s,
1 Giafc, as at /, >
left,
to attraft
Nourifhmenc
for, ,(^t
.
away
^'
IN May, when
rcleafe
i>
you muft
them of
their
Bandage,
'
dilate themfelves'wich
You mull
as
alfo at
time
dif-
draw
upi
the
Nourinimehc
)
i
STOCk
is
perfo rni
as follows:
^^^^^^^
^w
4^
I
*
r
lb
FIRST,
(as
q? ty
V^V
graft
at3
fit
it
your
ofiF
r ighc
Foot againft the Stock, and with your Pruning- Knife cue
Fig. IL
'I^Jate I.)
5
floping^
/.
agalnfl:
the
Stock to keep
tally,
it ftedfaft,
the Stock
hohzbn
level^
as the
Ilf.
Line
j^,
fo will-tbc
done',
Head of your
Stock at
is
'Stock
become
as
Fig.
This being
o
and
ft
make
the Cleft
hy
Cion
qn'y Fig*
Y.'
^*
x
J
t
BUT
this
Work
of heading
down
the Stocks,
fmOothing,
an
by aoptber Hand^
fix
that
them
in the Stocks
which
perform ^s follows
?
-^
THE
Bud,
as at
Stocks being
zs
cleft,
you muft
therefore
cut
Ckm m
tnc
Form of a Wedge,
rriy
m Fig. V.
e cut fronfi i
for
Slit,
and place
the
Cion
may
6t/T
f
^
40
'V,
A: Or
BUT
uely,
if
the
Bottom or
as at o Fig. VI.
they wOtild be
the
and
better^
placed
and^
Work
done.
WHEN
*
Stocks are
cleft^
they mufl be
to
and
fliall
*
\
common Way,
omit
well
known
mo
s
Countrymen, and
therefore
that Defcription.
BESIDES
that
<
all
ele feverat
Ways of
Grafting
many
o
are
prad:is'd
in
Cyder
Fruits,
which are not worth the Notice of the Curious, and there
i
\.
re left
out.
of In-arching, or Grafting by Approach, being chiefly ufed on Orange-Trees, I fliall therefi omit fince Culture of
fuch Exoticks are intended for another
' 'i
TrtE Manner
Work
f
-X
\-*>*
It*
O L U T A N C ON
I
or Budding
(atid^
is
much
per
3
1
Op
form'd
therefore to offer
any Diagrams of
:
f'
that
an
t
\.
BUT
however
it
may n t be
1
amifs if
fliould fpeak a
Word
4
two
of Cuttings,
&
i^
THE
'>
Seafon
for
Trees
is,
of
June
freely
Wood
from the
the Weather
is
'tis
fo
much
the better
becaufe,
both of the
Bud and
happ
by Heat
And
be dry, the only Times of the Day for early in a Morning, and late in ati Even juft before the Horizon n
"\
Work
the
v
IS,
is
very
Sun
below
X ^^ 9\
'*.
*
'.
^TIS
fu!
as necefl-aryto
be curious
as
in the
fruit
was before
for
Grafti n
g5
but
thefe
The
Fruit-Gard?n
*
Illujlrated.
41
tlie
tlicy are
till
taken ftchi
i^fed
ONE
'tis
Bud
in
a Stock
much
fail
better
Way
to
is
to
form a
00
Tree
"i T
but
one only
fhould
14
Bloflbm-Buds y
as
which
efire
are
be in
late.
we
when we
ways
V
in
\
And
likewife
that
but fuch
ree
always pofleflcd a
rculating
WHEN
Dilatation
:
three
eks or a
Month
IS
aft,
after Inoculation,
you
that
the Stock
may
If that Part
'tis
a free
And
plump
of the
and of
their natural
is
Col
7
/
as
when
the
firft
put
ro
in.
Leaf which
left
to the
7
Eye pf
but
is
Bud
off freely,
good
tis
if it
Bud
jy ing
or dead
IN
Fehruaryj after
Inocul
you muft
ey your Stocks,
off,
and
March
the
whole Nourifliment of
the
may
Growth o
Year wi
efpecially if a
when
they
ppear
THE
Pears,
Romm Ap
it
are the
firft
Fruits
->
and
after
&c. And
it
Advantage o
you may,
bef(
firft
the Seafon
Inoculat
Re
M
%
"PEACH
'-.
'
42
A: Or
)
-
p.
TEACH
after
till
to
raft the
firft
Year
not
their
Kernels are
Stocks 3
&c.
the fourth.
THE
Parts of
next Spring
e
after
the
Buds have
left
m ad e
e
their
Shoots, thofe
Stocks
w hich
were
a bove
1
Buds ?
ould be cut
away
fuet.
clofe to the
a Salve
dirciSl:
m ad e
my
Mutton
on
the
Bees- wax )
Rofi in J
as
fliall
in
Chapter
rom
of Wet, which
\s
V.
'^
i-^
\ t
'*
,a^
ki^-l^ -
3,
>
*r-
Tlje
R.
T-G
R.
D EN
Jllujlrated.
43
H
f
VIIl
and
Of
ASPECTS
IS
AcciDENts
&c.
\
good and
early,
when^ the
of the one
a moderate, lighCj
warm Loam,
THESE
and
different
Natures and
therefore
of in
either faid to
Judg
ment o f
the Gardener
the
condemned, notwithftanding
Sort, as Gardeners ate
that
he
may
happen to be one of
bed
now a-Day
AND when
meet
together,
it falls
which
the very
Enghndy
HAVE
Soils
known fome
Eaft,
produce better
Peaches
and
Cherries, than
Soils
have been
Therefore
Fruits
Hence
Soil_,
it
appears,
if,
that to
have good
it
wc muft
confult our
and
upon
Examination,
we exped.
that
why
to help
Nature
in
the
beft
Manner
THUS
^
J
-#
*
*
V
1
- _
THUS much
SINGE
Leaves 3
in
Natures of
Soils
now
I will
proceed
that
Mr. Hales
in
his
Vegetabk Statkh.
which
are
many
which
when
confin'd
3
or
two
to the
Growth of Trees
we
In
muft
therefore confider
fluence to diffipate
THESE
Walls, which
for
laft
i
Crud ties
lafl:
from
the Eaft
declining about
Fruits:
20 Degrees,
is
is
Afped
t
mpft Kinds of
Next
as
to this
the South
and
of
all
Weft
And
Weft Afpeds
retain
the Crudities
of the
Dew
longer in the
Day (which
and South, fo
of a lower
THE
about
tho/e
Weft Afpea
Clock
receives the
'VtZ
Crud
3
which being late in the Day, do thereibre remain a long while before they are diftherefore that the Fruits
perfed
and
'tis
of
Weft Afped:
are
eighth
Days
later in ripening,
I.
DIRECT
3
Dew
at
foon
T
diffi
pated
of the Sun
little,
for
eleven
after
the
and foon
none
B UT
is
far
preferabl
to
it,
direa;
Weft WallJ
It
Day comes
gradually
is
on
and leaves
Its
Meridian of Heat
of the Heat
there
3
Sun
Ray
as they firft
if
fall
which caufe
fall direia
they
at their
W
w-
Onfet
'
'-
*%.
WHEN
"h
'm.
-fli-
4.
4^
The
Fr U I T-G
r
A R D E
IV
,
%^
lUuJirated.
>
45
J*
on
Fruits,
it
flitinks their
"o
Sap-VefTels,
great a Quantity of
:
This
is
Weft
tha
^^alls
:i
and
'tis
therefore
->
..*
are lelTer
^Tag^itud
and
South-Eaft >
Heat by Deg
I
4
T
ft
S obfervable that
Seafon,
is
Evg!aj7d
in the
ft
Part of the
Day
in tl
Summer
Afternoon
y
the Heat
o
3
ery great,
to exl la e
all
mor
the
Moifture th
an
fequently at
5
fuch
Times
Goodnefs of Fru
our
is
greatly diminidi'd
therefore
when we h
of the Day,
Power
to
(liould
be difcharacd
NOW
the Sun
is
Part of the
it
Day
nearly South-Weft,
that
for
time a
as
20 Degi
is
nearly fhaded
the
e
Ray
are
Powet on
Sap-Veffel
as
to
away
[tj;s,
Moifture
A
Deg
rom
7
ence
jliac a South-Eaft
ers.
ab
THIS
when
Day,
For
Afped
is
Afped
expofed to
fl'el
it,
whereby
its
Fru
oftentimes injur'd,
by having
their
Sap
dried
by
the extraordinary
Heat thereof
NORTH
Afpe6bs, in
warm Summers^
will
Eaft, South,
arc
and,
if I
may
be allowed to fpeak
my Op
much b
Heac
than a South Wall, (tho' not fo early) becaufe that the extraordinary
N
1
'
'
* H-
^A
'
m.
46
Heat of a South Wall
ripe,
lefler
M
caufes
'
A: Or
as
foon as
-'
when planted
againft
Afpeds of
SOUTH
Afpeds
too
much Heat
EASTERN
Wind
;,
Afpe6ls are on ly
r
liabl e
to
dry in
cold Eafterly
exhaling Nature,
:c
do oftentimes
Fruits,
whereby they
perifh.
THE
thefe
fully defended
fruitful
5
Winds,
more
the Weftern
judicial to
Winds
that
blow
in the
Autumn^ which
more pre
HAP.
j
*"
i
'^^V
;t
%
.
I .
*.
-f
The
FrUIT-G ARD EN
JUujirat ed.
47
IX.
Of
the
Manner
Planting
Fores t-T r
e e s>
to
defend
Injuries
North
HE
for
this
&c.
to prepare the Soil
frefli
fit
THE
d
if
it
firft
Work
to be done,
is
to pla
deep
Loam >
to pla
com
mon
Trenching~is
being
is
orm
as early
the Winter
Time
'
BUT
if
your Land
is
it
with
frcfli
Earth ?
\
perfectly barren,
you
Feet Diameter,
two
Feet
frelli
mak e good
ded
a
firfl:
Compoft, &c,
as
recom
in the
Chapter hereof.
SOMETIMES
next
\
it
firfl:
Sp
IS
the
IS
ood
noth in
which
is
much
better than
frefli
wh
whole
bad
lefler
Addition of
Earth,
&
will fufEcc
BEFORE
the
you
your Trees y
the
Turf
g a
at the
Bottom of
A
-
Hole
bei.-^
llnall Hill
of fine
fiefh
Earth where
Tree
is
to be
plac'd,
carefully fill in
I
hollow
y-f
'i
>^
"-
M
hollow Places
oftentimes
is
*t'
\.
Or
*.*
>
left,
clofe
about
their
Roots, which
the
Death of
many
fine Trees.
'-n
THE
reat
in
Pap,
much
e
pradis'd
that
Honourable James
the well
Johnfon of Twckenham^
very fure
Way
,
for
mixin
of
Earth about every fmall Fibre, whereby the Roots are enabled to imbibe
in the
Spring
>
thefe Plantations
of Defence fhould be
om
the
more
if
-
T H E R Diftances
I
in the
Rows may be
clofer
r as
the
more they
&c,
become
ufcful.
BUT
left
will
be
convenient
5
that
between every
Row
there be
free
fufficient
Difta
that
their
lower Branche
fat
may
wi
enjoy a
Sap, for
want
perifli.
Forty or
fifty
fufficient
for
Englijh Elms,
J
Lime
60
^c.
for
Abel
Popla
Withy,
&.
r
70
Feet,
which
laft
fhould
be planted but in very wet and cold Land, where the others
not thrive
\
IF
5
the Situation of
Clefts,
c^i
Part of your
Garden
to violent
Way
to
to guard
gainfl:
to plant
Clumps
are
Soil,
it
at proper Diftances,
deftroy the
THE
^
a
h
The
R u
it-Gar den
-*
lUuJirated.
^
4P
THE
Advice
lateral
b/
for
T
fo
entirely wroncT
for thofc
Arms
veymg Rains
into the
or Pipes, imbibincr
often caufe their
Death
AN D
thofe Trees
t
(as
5
he very
therefore
in
juftly obferves)
Head
v^e great
3
hope
for Succefs in
as
ferve
the
Roots
as
a Quantity
all
poffible,
mix and
clofe the
cut clofe
I
Side Branches^
1*
and
carefully prcfcrvc
*^'
I
'.,
Heads.
f
careful of fecuring
WHEN
the
them With
Wind and
Cattle,
and cover
the Surface of
Ground
two or
their Sterns^
wi
long Horfe-d
to prefer
in
Roo
from the
Inj
of Cold
in the Winter,
and Heat
the
Summer
or four
And
thefe
Covering
were
very
three
Inches thick,
'twould add
much
to
the
Prefervation
of
the
Trees.
THE maJcing of
being natural to every Garde
March and
m uft
*> 4*
recom
mend
to his Care J
be well water'd J
Perfpiration, at that time
when
c
I
v^ir
*>':
5
*
A: Or
^.y^'^
Jr
v
Jy.
the Velocity Of
wherewith Nourilhment
Fru it-Trees:
^ranfplanttng.
HE
Trees
Time
of Planting,
is
them > be
them up many
lefs
are cut
and broke
off,
and thereby,
in Quantity, are
fliould
OF
Time
this
Adam
3
to
this
prefent
Moment,
Planting
down
a reafonable Rule for the Performance thereof, or can any do more than
fay
it
muft be
here
fo.
But
fince
Demonftration
is
fliall
made
this
Summer,
Truth
thereof,
into a reafonable
y
I
IME NT
that
was
in a thriving
State >
them
n^e
them to
at i
F R u I T-G
'^
AR DEN
IJluJlrated.
5
Lines,
6m
and
Then on
a Piece of Paper
drew
parallel
&c. Fig.Wh
Right Angles
Squares >
^late
at the fame
conftitutin
a rail el Diftance, at
little
to the former, as b by
&c.
Geometrical
each
containing
T5-
Part of an Inch.
THIS
the
little
being done
laid
Black Lead Pencil traced about the Edges of the Leaf, and then numbering
Squares withi
that
1
r.
ed
3
their
Number
to
be
6,
16)1 16(7 i
112
remains > equal to
4
or
Nl
B.
WHE N the
3
different
Magmtudi
as
be feparated into
many
one in
Parcel, and
follows
knomng
Number of Leaves
therein^
may proceed
THE
2
Number of
is
Leaves on
the
12,
being
multiplied
fpiration
pe form'd
well
by
Leaves
6ii
Z448
06
-^
8874
HAVING
Moifture
is
whereat
eu:
perfpired
away,
of
their
dtt
*i-
52
Surface of the
their Leaves,
M
%
N
and
perfp'ring
Or
Powers proportionable
muft
the
Heads of Plants be
^
reduced,,
when
tranlplanted.
)
V
DUG
felves
carefully,
and preferv'd
all its
Roc
excepted)
nea
horizontally
lateral
or four
Feet
:
from the
Girts
Stem,-
with
many
Roots of
at
different
Lengths
The
of each
an
J 4
o
the
the
main Roots,
the
Body of
three Feet
I
the Tree,
1
were
Inches
3
therefore multiplying
-
6 Inches ?
being
w hich
e qua]
Feet}
>
Stem>
ical,
of
main Root
'.*i*.
I
-
^. r
v..
Produa
54
Iquare Inches,
the
<
T*
Which
multiply again
Produd
main Roots.
Each main
Girt.
ifo
fquare Inches
the Surface o
otlier)
five
lateral
Ro
at e
o 4J
main Root was half 2 Inch (the Stem or Body of the Tree being a full Inch, and
of the main Roots ?
Girt thro'out).
4
mean
fhorteil,
The Length
and longed ot
the
fmalleft
is
thefe lateral
and of
and
therefore their
lateral
mean
Pro
Length
fix Inches.
Now 430,
the
Number
gtther
^.
of
Roots on on
the
Inches, their
mean Length,
o 4J
^
Produd
teral
I
2580
V
J--
the
whole Length of
4W
all
the la
rf
NOW
The F R u
t-G A R b E N
/--
JUufirated.
-1,
53
4
NOW
mean
l^rodudt
as their
Length
Inth,
is
found to
Inches,
>
and
their
Girt half an
therefore
muhiply
o t, an
their Surfaces.
\
f
r^
2580
o
-^
f'^f
o
t
4
.n
r
Produdt
r
645
Area required
i_
AND
the
as
lateral
Roots;
<545
Pr ud
322J
this
laterkl
Roots;
TO
five
their
Sun^ will
the
main Roots
3225
3495
fquare Inches
now
the
Area f
the
whole Plant,
is
in
its
Leaves
8874
34?J
And
I
Roots
i^kj:
F we
of the Leaves,
by
the
of the Roots, th
Quotient
3495)8874(i
S?9T
1884
being redu(?'d to
its
remains, cqual to
is
which
NOW
\'
54f
MON
A^ Orr
\
'
T^
*
^#
/,
NOW
of the Roots
the Surface
,!
where
L
NOqrifliMent
r"
>
im bibed 5
Perfpiration
s,
where
performed
it
which Moifture
iration.
ff
HENCE
great
it
is
wh o
upper Part s
Growth s,
an Abundance aspoffible 3
a
and we
the
Time of Planting.
fince
W
?
^
I
!*
r>
1
*
FOR
the
all perfe6t
Head of
and
its
this
Tree
iri its
natural
Growth 7 when
Roots were
fix
make
fuch
Demand of
the
Moifture for
3
common
its
Roots to b
greater
we may from
the
conclude,
That
r 1
the reducing
Head
-cv
at
lutely neceffary
A
-^
^^-\
i-A
>
C;
It
IN
a lefler
z
this
many
at
Pe'5|)le
are
much
not
out
Heads of Trees
ey
Je/7
firft
Planting, caufes
them
A
to have
Appearance th^n
chcicfore will
5
fuffer
the
remain
much
ftantly die
Roots being
fufficient for
the
Therefore
anting,
their
1 *
tis
Time of
Prunin
and
Leaves, fo
much
of
the
more they
vigorous in
w
its
which confequently will thereby be more Growth, and better able to endure dry Seafons &c
*
the, Plant/
NOW
Sap,
pafs
foil
>
Confid
is
that this
which
Blood
is
of Animals) muft
therefore
I
much
that
Kind
of Nurferies,
in as great a
&c.
Quantity
poffible; that
Nature
may
'
i.
The
Liberty o
u .it-Garden
fufficicnt
Illuftrated.
^
imbibing Moifture
\ fb r
le
Supporc of ch5 th
to the
re
duced
The
onfideration hereof I
recommend
all
ftfiftus
f
others conceriied
want of Judgment
THE
their
great
Want of
L
this
Thousand valuable
by be in
unskilfully pruned
Time
of Planting;
For Gard
Mecan
thod for pruning the Roots of all Kinds of Plants, and even
give
no manner
I
Reafon
f(
For
Father
Mafter did
t6
prune in
Manner.' and
their
my
j
felf
as tauc^ht
IS
by
know
by Exp
W hich
ff
the
be
it
Mafter
And/bon, without
one Kind
f Vcge tabl
F
more
im
as' great
"r
a Differ
Manner of pruning
r
their
Roots
-ri*.-*"
J ^
^
AS
IT
for
Example
e
m
^
is
obf(
Cabbage (which
its
is
a 'Vegetable
ery
of a quick
Force y
3
Sap
compared who(( Vegetabl e with when few, but Roots being naturally flower) So much Growth Box 2)tiUh ) Roots are much more an quick Growth of a Plants That appears, it hence from that
have flhould Nature, imbibing
as
as
1^
much Root
allov^'d
them,
at Planting
.-^'
po ffibl
:-1
ME Nr
*
<
MADE
a fecond Experiment
in
ke mannef on a Batterfe
and half about > Cabbage, that was g times twelve near Roots the of Surface the Leaves exceeded
its
fo that the
with Moifture imbibe Roots did planted been have to Cabbage-Plant that were And away. Leaves perfpir'd it
X.
4<^
%**
M
tlie
Or^
vfe
as
12
is
to
is
a continual
Dc-
rmand of Nourifiiment by
\s
Head^ during
all
the
Time
that
Nacufe
preparing
its
new
fibrous Hoots^j to
ftrike fiefii
WE
their
may
obferve from
is
this
'that
as
Growth
nd great
in
their
Nouriflhment
imbibed with
ticTi
and
full
of Moifture
it
and thereby
CoHiflo
perifh.
>
And
)
^is
ways
are
en,
where-ever
CabbageSj
the
Savo)
&^
an ted J
in
they impoverifii
altho' perhaps
twas
good
^j
Heart
and
1*
the like
of
other'Plaats in
Prop
their
more or
lefs
Quantity of Roots
^E
plants
3
fliould
alfo
obfi
rite
various Diftribut
of the Roots of
or thereby
Soils
:
we
how
to adapt
them
to -their
proper
Thus Nature
informs us
Arbutus
and
Afh
Elm, Lime, c^r. who/e Roots run nearly horizontally within two and
L
Land
chac
*
is
rich
and fhallow.
tf .1
1^
-^
i-/
THE
the
different
Velocities of imbibing
'tis
and
perfpiring
Nourifiiment
being accounted
for,
Heads of Fruit-Trees
Time of
for them.
more
the better
AND
ftriking
Root
therefor
that.
Moifture
is
Planting, to fuppoft
th^
3
enabled
attrad Nouriflhment
is
themfelves
the
to
be no more than
agreeable
tc
have fcen
great a
many
Trees
kill'd
(and par;
ticularly Ever-greens)
by having too
Quantity of Moifture
thece
fcrc in
THE
^'
[
I
'
lb
.^'
The
F R u I T-G A R D E N
i-b
lUufiruted.
57
THE Scafons
the
firft in
and Fehruary
laft in
Lands
Lands
and wet;
TREES
*
planted in light
warm
But
if
tl
Root
:
before
the
Winter comes
an
VI
Trees
the too
much
Roots>
or at lead
them
fo very
much
ALL
e
new
water'd in
otherwife they
March and Apvil^ when thofe Months prove dry, or feldom make good Shoots the firfl: Year. 'Tis abfolutcly
in the
>
neceffary to cover the Surface of the Earth, at lead one Foot about the
Form of
aC u
r
is
given
which
Dung
not only preferves the Moifture from being fuddenly exhaled away, but
communicates a Nourifliment
at watering alfo.
'
you plant Wall Trees, place their For Wirfi W^Ii, Inch thereof: an wjtnjn s ithi from or a Foot y by done as Is commonly clofe the Wall, planted to are Roots when their
out burft Bodies their Ignorant, the
WHEN
rom
le
fame
as they increafe in
THE
firft
that becaufe Inoculation, Graft or Place of the four Side Buds, above
we may form
good Tree.
as they begin to
ALL
parallel to
the Wall,
may
IF
the
firft
when luxurious, and ftrong very to be appear Shoots Nature oblige will which nip off their Ends,
at every
out a Branch
Bud, and
diftributing
the Sap
of
become
fruitful,
Q.
)
O
rious, as they
Ory
one Shoot on
BEHIND
Tree^ there
^t Planting
is
the Place
of Inoculation, or of Graft
is
in every
Wall
generally dead, ?
which
Wall
:
muft be
For
when
done by unskilful
I
rots the
Body of
the Stock
Time
y
.-'
i:
TIS
juries
absolutely necefTary
to cover the
Wounds
In
them from
;
Wet and
Cold.
Pound of
Rofin, a
The Compofition is as follows Take half a quarter of a Pound of Bees- wax, the fame Qiiantity
5
when moderately
cool'd,
fo
as
to
be
liquid J
Wounds
with a
and no
Wer
or
Cold can
penetrate or injure
them
ALL
Wall Trees
budded
rafted very
their Grafts,
whe n
this
planted J about
two
their
Ground
but do not on
before deliver 'J
Account plant
T
or
S a Pradlice
i
among Gaid
let
to pi
March
following, and
5
then
for the
which
H
IS
doin
the
by
the
when
is
difturb'd
prep
ftentimes deftroy'd
NEED
It
is
fince I
not fay any Thing more on the Roots of Fruk-Trees have already prov'd, that the more Roots a
to
imbibe Nourifiim
,.
Management of Roots,
poffible
and
dirhinifli'd
as
up ?
that the
Number of
about
Parts
that all
Bruifes
^
w-
The
Bruifes
Fruit-Garden
IJIufiratcd.
59
)
Jt.
be cut entirely away with a very fharp Knifi Root be regularly placed, with the Earth well clofed a bout
WHEN
place the
we
are
we muft
have regard
Buds of
when
Sh
produced, they
5
may
lie
parallel
to the
fame J and be
all
and
here, as
forward
Buds
are to
be
difplac'd,
at the fourth
Bud >
aforefaid
WHEN
-^
we
wc
r
iTiould
head
Buds nearly
may form
Head
defired.
4
THE
confifts in the
Manner o
the
Luxuriancy of Branches
other.
.^
and
NO W
Middl es,
as
"w/e
Dwarf-Trees
are defired to
^
grow with
Concavities
their
mu
when
Bud
and.
fo that
produced,
it
may
:
fhoot outward y
if
Form
defired
But
you
cut at
and the inwards, deftroy Shoot will grow next the then Bud, upper an
Form
required*
ni ir
*
by obferving
the Situation of Buds, a Branch
H E NCE
may
it follows, that
fill
be produced to
up any Place
defired.
%
STANDARD-Trees
^tis
and
much
better to cut in
Heads very
at
clofe,
very large.
If
we
are careful
all
to prune
under Buds,
direded for
we may
fome Heads
THE
'
Standard-Trees
Fruits
b '
60
MON
cured from the Injuries of Cattle, Winds,
A
&c.
Or)
i-.
that
they are
THE
Diflance o
Fruit Trees
iri
is
a very material
Point to be confider'd
exhaufl:
Planting
for if
we
for
we
foon
our
Soil,
if
want of Air
for Perfpt
lefs
ration
and
5
we
we
fufFer
is
a Lofs by having
the beft.
than
we might
but of the
two
PEA,R-Trees
Kinds, which
require
,
much Room
as tnc
Summer
many
if
other
when
come
to their Defcription
take Notice of 3
but in general
we may aflign 3 o
And
between
plant
two
Plumb
the
Ap
to be cut
away
as the Grovcth
we
fliall
Time
\
of their Growth.
WHEN
Apricots,
we
Plumbs, and
they
may be
or fixteen Feet
May
I
1
STANDARDS
at the leaft,
jo Feet apart
but 35
is
is
much
nean
better,
and
if
full
Thefe Diftances
may
when
and
Perfpiration,
Advantages thereof
N.
B.
IF the
Roots of Trees are very dry after taking up^ foal their
Roots for an
no more
the Water
Hour
or
tqsjo >
Vound of
their
IF
^i
your Trees^ after tallng up, are to he fent any "Difiame^ le fure that you fecurely pack them up mth
e
n
I
#
the
Wind,s
i
1
.j
t^
I.
v,
The
Fruit-Garden
perifl:
Illujlrated.
61
Motji
ei
all their
therely
IF Prop
he kept in a
warm
Cellar^ Sec.
and
cover
c lofe
gone
an dth
them as lefore
dire6ied,
HAVE
^antity
already
as can
which Time
I muft
Sec.
caution you
mt
toll
drawing or
wrenching,
hut
tale
Time, dig large deep Holes, and take them up with Care
your Trees
are, not
over^
Soil^
are oftentimes
made fruitful
therely.
to
it
in your left
a
Or
ts
own
wards when
p
when
the Face of the
more Jlrongly
Cut
is
upward:
as
'TIS
is
madf, that
they
draw
freflo
edged Knife^ or
mt
f
I
and
dies.
>B
61
M
%
A:
Or,
XL
after Plant ing
i
LTHO'
'tis
we
plant.
as well
eir
as
in
the
Preparation
Soi s i
Manner of Pruning
Heads and
loft.
Th
are
many Card
their
all
in
firft
w^/^i
that
has
en
mere
Accide
one of them
all
Op
ration they
do
w.
th
^
F we ask them why a Tree muft be pruned 3 bey anfwer as Mr. Wife and Mr. Carpenter have done^in their Retird Gard To keep
I
>
Oid
may
iniur'd
or depriv'd of Nourifh
that
it
Wood
in
and
may
continue a
7
Which Reafons
>
tolerably
they alwa)
nly
fuch Sorts of injurious Shoots to be produc'd, but load Nature with fo great a Burthen of other Wood, that a few Years ab the irrecoverable Decay.
THIS I am
for,
will at
firft
be underftood by them
*'
as Self
o
\
vaftly conceited
therefore
wh
)
1
I
imagine
World
to be like themfel
But howev
they
^
\ I
ft
fE.
*l^'
The
they can
Fr
T-G A
RD EN
Illufirated.
curb their
fuperficial
Imag
)
as
following Paragraph s y
">
plainly
dig
and be
and rea
fonable
all
they'll be enabled
account f
ith
Op
the
Management of
Fruit-Trces )
THE
after
Planting,
Succefs.
may
^
be
re
UL
4
DISPLACE
firft
all
the
off
wnen
they
neceffary Branches.
lie
By
and
your
jtrees
will always
VL
II.
WHEN
luxurious
;
them,
ni pping
when
o ffthe
leading Buds with your Finger Nails, which will caufe them to produce
every
Bud
that will
become
y
fruitful
for thatNourifh
dijlrihuted into
will
which
confequently cannot
:
he fo luxurious as
is
when wholly
well ohfervd^
we need
UL
-
>-
III.
all
weak, difplace
two
whole Nourifhment
it
may
be wholly imbibed
by
the ftrongeft,
which
will enable
to
UL
k
./
.:
/
Is
6
/
M
UL
Or
>
*
IV.
AS
-,
thfe
Growths of the
leveral Branches
but be fure that the Diftances between Branch and Branch 5 arc never lefs than the Length of their Leaves, when fully
to the
Wall
grown
their
muft
at that
Time
nail
them
that
when
may
Air, and not fliade each other, to their almoft total Ruin, for Perfp
\
want of
ON
for
>
when
very
Quant
of Branches,
o
nail'd
with
ft
the Crudities
of
want of
and
thereby
ufelefs.
This
Growth of Trees
are either
fartheft
Wood, where
Top, which
lower Branches, tho^ neareft to the Fountain of Sap, (^/z. the Roots)
dead, or very near
it 3
whilft thofe
at
the
are
and expand
much
And
in Fruit-Trees
'tis
when
Leaves
their
Branches are
Lengths of
*-^
BESIDES
Parts,
is
this
fruitflTl
in all their
for
by
this
Method of
for the
will not
Wood
Root
and
will be
much
better fupported
than
when a Multitude
of
Wood
and Fruit
is
fame Nutriment
HENCE
different
it
follows.
will
the
That
as Fruit-Trees
differ
in
the
Length of be
alfo
'i
their Leaves, fo
by Gardeners
Ik
if
fluits,
>
at the
THERE
1
.V
t
t
1'-
-*
The
Fr'u
T-G AR
EN
lUuJiratel
THERE
Plenty
are
many
excellent
Kinds^of
little
Fruits
which produce o
crrcat
f Bloflbms
Frultj
as the
Nefwhigton J
is
and
many
This
Sterility
caufed
by
much
the
greater Quantity
of Nourifhment
than
for
/
the
Roots
are at
that
Time
Embryo
Fruits" are
flarved,
and
more
when
Winds happen
a further
to
is
Help to
of
the Fruit.
-
is
always vaftly
yet
if
of Bloflbms,
in
at
as
may
II
and
III.
they
are nail'd
the
Length of
I
their
Leaves,
their
Crops
r
or
obferving
this Difl:ance,
Roots
nail'd
will
third Part
of the
Wood
to fupport, as
when
common Way.
-'I-,;
THERE
kind to than others
?
of
this
TCtTCTies
5
een
more
very Cafe
their
Cath
VIII
t
Bloflb
'g*
VI an
which may
in
fome Degree be
:
the
Caufe of
its
Quantities of Fruit
fliall
but
is
may be
greatly help
in Pruning, as
in
its
Place dcmonftrate
v-'
UL
1
V.
to an horizontal
Pofit
THE
locity
nearer Branche
is
are laid
the
Ve
of the Sap
the
ion
more
therefore Branches
Luxu-
liancy,
may be
check'd by
NOW
t
66
M
*l&'
N
fit
Or
>
NOW
beft
laid
,
thefe
for the
two
aforefaid
Kinds of
for our
Wood, we muft
X
make Choice of
Branches
_
mean
Situation.
fruitful
--
fliould
be fo
as
to
make an Angle of 4J
Degrees,
Horizon
^
ii'
_.r-
VL
-1
vr
FRESH
\
all
may
have
free
Dilatation.
to be confider'd,
all
is
the beft
Time of
is
the
among
left
un
own
them
it
t
_
FIRST then
their
that
proper Diftances,
we may be certain of laying the Branches at we fliould prune our Trees in the End of Augufl
their
>
Leaves are fall en y which will then exhibit to us the ;uft DiAances y which cannot be fo exa(5t if we
prune them in the Winter Seafon }
ufual
SECONT^LTy
their
this
Growths are
at
immediately clofe up, and heal the Orifices of the Sap-Veffels, before the Wet and Cold of the Winter comes on, which they imbibe to their
Prejudice,
when prun'd
in that Seafon.
THIS
it
to
the Curious
off the
End of
always take
a Rule to cut an Inch at leaft above the Bud, (which muft always be a Leaf, and not a Bloffo Bud I fiiall hereafter
demonftrate)
which,
after
perifliing
down
to
the
Bud
for
want of
Nourifliment,
becom
of
from the
Injuries
THIR2)L r.
The
Fruit-Garden
^
1
lUufirated,
'
THIR7)LT^ When
End of Autumn,
their
Wood to
And
Quantity
imbibed 9
of Wood
is
on a Tree
the
crude Sap
is
and confequently
Tree
much more
FOURTH LT,
and
the
When
their
in the Winter
-TW.
Orifices of
clofed >
the attrading
many
Inlets
of
frefh
late
in
HENCE
Spring y
arifes
the
Reafon why
the
Growth
open by the
Wounds
the Ends of
tKe attradive
until thofe
therefc
that the
Luxu
in
J^
k
OW
tis
evidehiT^
cfrar5
chc
bed Scafon
For
Pruning
luxuriant Trees,
Winter
faid, in
the
End of
Autumn.
THE
fail
feveral
Rules
Here
we
need
of having good
Kinds of Fruits-T
Part
And
the on
Thing
IS
that
now
wanting to complea
Pruning
in general
Branches.
THE
Reafon
why
Sorts
of Fruits
at the
Time of
latter
thofe mature and perfed fo not 7 are they Strength, declining in its immature the therefore and produc'd, firft were which Shoots the of Parts
NOW
6S
\
MON
NOW
is
A: Or
>
td determine
fliould
be cut away^
very
difficult,
on
their
Point
"'tis
niiifl:
and
for
therefore that
we mufl be
in
fure to
and
want
th^reof^ nail
the
Branches at
Lengths
YOUNG
and very often
leaft
Reduftion,
all their
may
be
for
nail'd in at full
Bloffom, as
and Morella
do
And
there are
fome
of Pears, which
their Shoots^
their
Fruits at the
d, becaufe
extreme Parts of
and
therefore
Fruits,
cut
away Part
of
of the
Bud of
want
which
The
RU IT-G ARD
E N
lUufirated.
60
XII.
r
Of
the great
their
Uje of
the
i
Leaves of
Fruit-Trees,
and
Force of
is
Reveriend
Mn
HaJeSy
that
the
within the Reach of the tender Fruits, which, like young Anifurnifli'd
mals,
the
And by
fame Experiments
That
the
watery
that
'tis
Fluid,
which,
when
detain'
prejudicial
So
fince
^A:^
AND
Sap
if
altho'
Fruit-Trecs J
hich
Power
Veflels, as the
Blood of Animals
is
thro'
their
Arteries
Veins
yet
which mofi:
is
in
anfwer'd.
AND
what may
that nothing
may be imbibed by
3
the Roots o
Treesy
UC
be difcharged by Perfpiration
therefore
cover'd their
which
not admit
to enter, but
what can be
readily carried
away by
THE
70
A: Or
Ap
Fruits,
T
which
puffed
-*
Leaves to
>
I defir
much
up with
own
Conceits
THE
taken up
half
5
firft
Pounds
and
Roots being
in
fet
in a
bibed
Pounds thereof
10 Hours >
perfpired
at
the
very
fame TimeJ
therefore
perlpired
Ou n ces
im
more than
it
in Moifture,
and
that
who
imagin d that
all
the Moifture
bibed by Trees y
Buds, Branch
)
&i
irely
miftaken
for if
Was fo,
it
the Pear-Tree
would have
retained the
did not
do
THE
other Part of
this
curious
Gentleman
mad e,
Moifture attraftcd i
AS
-(.
for
Example
of two Branches of every Kind of he ftripp d the Leaves off one Branch of each Sort, and then fet
Stems
in feparate GlafTes,
HAVING
madeCho ce
Fruit,
their
wherein were
known
Quantities of
Water
'ft
THE
fome
J
Branches with Leaves imbibed large Quantities of Water 20> and Ounces, in y Hours Day, accordin to
>
as
the
in the
Evening, were
WHILE
but very
little,
an Ounce^ &c.
little.
each,
were heavie
in
the Evening
>
NOW
>'
^*
The
RU IT-G A R
D E N Iffujimed.
71
NOW
pull
from
thefe
Experiments
'tis
who
o
V
great
9
Qi
the
of Leaves from
before
are fully
grown_,
inj
ery
much3
only by
of the
a fudd
Heat>
which
felves
Fruits
unable to attrad: the fame Nourifiiment which they before received >
do
IN
Juguft 1717.
made Choice of
and
feveral
o
Bunches
j
Wh
I
fine
entirely
i
the
by
which
laid before
them
THOSE
the
faft
the third
Day.
Hence
it
ap-
That
do not only
from the
Injuries
away
IF we Leav
o
obferve the
all
to
place the
Kinds of Herbs 7
we may
away
Pre
to
are taken
of at Fruit-Trees {hooting out Growth their firft the obferve we F I abundance mce of Pleafure, fee the wife Order with may, we Spring, the
that
Nature obferves
in all her
wonderful Produdions
NOW
Fruits,
and
flourifli
without the
in all
Afliftance of Leaves
therefore
afterwards.
THE
its
I
May
fDuke-Cherry,
March
i6. {Fig.
L 9hte
V.)
produces
particularly at
and
about
tf
f
*A
72
MON
other Parts
:
Or
")
as at B,
than in an
And
'
is
Year's
flioot
are
largely
themfel
-
a a
&c,) which
Fruits,
Embryo
and
perfpire
away
AWLES produce
but
their firft
their
Bloffoms on
produced
H
Wood
the
Leaves are
by
Year's Sh
as in
The
firft
Leaves of Appl
produced at the
Bloflbm-Buds, and are very largely grown before the BloiToms appear )
or even before the Biids of the laft Year's Shoots are open'd.
f
THE
of
III.
late\L)
exhibits the
Growth
are
I
Leaves
BloffiDm-Buds
D, &c, March
Year's Shoots, a a^
which
of the
laft
&
are not
But-
when
their
(as
FigA,
"Plate \\l.
much
before.
panded
Nourifhment than
GRJ'PES
are
which
are of a
by
the Branch
\
of a
and
Shoo
tudc
s
Wh
the
Mufcad
firft
Grap
>
o.)
of May^ the
Time
that
^'their
Bunches appear,
Leaves increafed
in
their
are very
(See
much
II.
extended, and
Mag
/ff.
yto^ X.)
different
FIGS
the
are fomething
from other
Fruits in their
Manner of
Leaves
5
End of every
1
Shoot, (as
A, Fig.
I.
its
about April
1.
and
BCDE
and
therefore
when Gardeners
in the
4te^
9 UINCE S
ft-
The
Fruit-Gardn
lUufirated.
73
QUINCES produce
on
the laft Year's
their
BlofToms appear
Wood,
Fig,
I.
vided
Quantity of
when
"PEARS
prod
Bud
>
theref(
for
the Support of
eir
Embryo
"Plate
Fruits,
as
well
as fox
Perfp
(See
Fk,
I 7 -*> III.
IV, V.
and
III.)
^EACHESy
fmall
\
"Plumh,
2ini
their
Bloftoms fome
Time
are prun'd
at
left at their
Buds leading the where and IX.) VIII 5^to^ VII. VI, IV, V,
opening their expanding
aforefaid. Purpofcs the for Leaves,
J-
AA
&c.
are
BUT
fet
the
Time
that
are
then knit, or
their
Supp
from
II
(See Fk. Cold and Heat the Injuries of Apple) Nonpariel ^Jate VIL of the
*
and
11.
'Plate XI.
and Fig.
jf-
_'-
THE
fam
is
to be obferv'd
in
Chevr
when
in Bloflbm,
whofe
and XIII.)
But much
I
advance
.7. Fig.
in
Growth,
(fee
Fig.
II. "Plate^
VL
May
I, II.
whofe
grown
Prop
AND
and
therefo
It
pears
That
as Fruits
advance
in their
Growths,
pro
require greater
and
greater Nouriflim
the
ab! e
Leav
fuffi
attrad
away
the Crudities
thaeof
P.
/
t
"S
74
.fc-
A:
Or
H
Of
Blights, and the
in
XIII
Ordering
Manner of
out
Fruit-TreEs
?
>
when
and
Bloflbm
Half-grown,
and Ripe.
t*.
LTHO'
'tis
tlae
cioufly prune
and
n
them afterwardsJ
ten to one i
THE
ai-e
La We to wficn
Infe<fts
:
in
Bloflbm y
thefe
But
in
BLIGHTS
are Fro ft sJ
as Lightnings,
^c.
Exhalations^ are cold drying Winds, and very dry hot Weather 3 and
as Caterpillars, ate fuch Flies, fe^s^
Ln
&c. which
FIRST,
dry^ called
the
Frofts are
is
the
Black
Dew
that frozen, J
falls in
the
Cold
began to
freeze) called a
White Froft
BOTH
when
ftrua ive ?
thefe
Kinds of
5
at all
Times
they happen
the
n moft
e fpecially
when
it
comes
after
a Shower of Rain in an
Evenin
\
>
and
Fruits are
-*i^
dry
THERE
'
The
ruit-Garden
prefcrib'd
I
Ilkftrated.
75
".
by
fev.eral
Pcrfons,
for
re
from
Frofts,
which
none comes up to
careful
&c.
the
which, being well faftned that turbulent Winds cannot difplace them,
never
f.
fail
Nay, Peafe-halm
only,
hung on
left
Branches^ and fecur'd from Winds^ has the fame EfFed^ being
on
until
AND
them
I
in the
3
Day
J
Day
in
f
an
Day,
if the
Weather
is
any
agreea ble 7
as
e fore
open
But
when
the
Weather don't
the
Day-time y
O pen them
about an Hour
before
it f<
after Sun^rifing,
<
IF
blow very Winds Eafterly the and dry^ Seafon proves the
_
J
frefii
>
abfolutely neceffary
for
Moifture the away exhale Nature, exhaling a very of thofe Winds being r tc 1j "^f ca their f o r th an K are a to young the from
communicate
thin
it,
the
Sap
h g
for
a Succeffion
and thereby
ftarved for
BUT
may
/
not
on
them
firft
from
the Branches
Therefore
it
if
and
fall
down
like
Rain.
The
beft
Time
for this
Work,
is
the
or Eleven,
Evening the before again be dry will they becaufc, being water'd early,
comes on
r'
>
which,
ill
it
Froft,
wi
not
have fuch an
Effed on them,
when
wet.
THE
imag
*
to deftroy the
Leaves
or the
others
/
with come reafonably very may Fruits, of &^ their Egg hatch may Eaftern Winds
the Eaftern
Winds
But
s.
1^
M
yet have been
A:
Or
known
to
fail.
'TIS
ut
when
\
the Spring
very dry
an
even
theii
when
the
Weather changes
periflh.
THEREFORE
when
fince
fure
Method of de
to kee
do than
our
thofe
moftly rage.
abfolutely ne-
fince
it
is
AM
Praa
terings,
X
5
not
infenfibl
that
many Card
wi
emn
e thel^
\
Wa
fince
may
but however,
that after a
Time
:
waiting,
we
is
are defirous of
Command
on the Gardenei y
tt\ e
as before obfcrv'd.
BUT
of
Soils
It
appears
by what
is
before
Winds, the Eaftern that of the Nature Fruit-Trees exhaling the of faid
which
are
that
are
na-
for the
young
But
Fruits
lefs furnifli'd
this
when
the
when
light
fupport
dry
/
Soils,
Lands
is
in too great
Quantity, and the Trees being faturated and clogg'd therewith, for want
fufficient
Heat
to exhale
and
perfpire
it
barren,
by
NOW
than in wet ones
hence
'tis
is
na-
&
contra.
THE
/
The
Frui t-G a R
D EN
Ilhifirated.
71
THE
whofe
in
&c.
in MiddlefetC,
wet Summers.
ORCHARDS growing on
by
1
reaC
exhaled
ar
away
the Sun
River
d the Sun
this
pa
them
Seaf(
But
never
happens but
dry
Seafc
Iittl(
)
beca uie
when
THUS
w
which
much
alway
for
Frofts )
Eaft er
Winds and
u PP
ireful
Infcdts.
Now
of,
wc
and
return to
our
Fruits,
which
J
1
we
are
to
have plenty
the
happ
we
to fupply
o (Tonis
as the Soil
and Seafc
OUR
the
I
Fruits
being plentifully
fet,
from Froft
is
when
lefdow
fccm to
offer
and
Method
to keep the
Top
readinefs to
third
in
may
require,
w ell
^
d with Leaves,
:.
*
the Beginning of
May 7 preferv'd, to my
which, had
very great
Ad
g
it
are very
her
Burde
t
7
h er ef<
firft
about
Apricots^
in the
Week of May
them
about two
Inches apart
the leaft.
But Plumbs
Remainders
which
may
IT
1
M
"
^
N
&c,
A: Or
Wz.
their Kernels,
Stones,
fit
for the
Re-
and
dilate
their
exterior
Coats or Pulps,
until,
fully
grown;
NOW
\
whilfl:
this
great Operation
of Nature
is
performing,
always feen that great Quantity of Fruit drops, altho' largely grown
Of
this
all
our
the
late
adviie, that
thinnin
5
'
appears that
this
great Fall
is
over
THE
the Fruits
may
if all
on a Tree were
in
perfed Healthy
would be
impoffible for
them
do
3
and
therefore
'tis
is
caufed
by fome Decay
or
Wcaknefs of Nature
which
laft
FOR
Stones,
fince
that
Nature
requires
Moifture,
>
>
the Kernel
&i
away
tis
very
to conceive,
that
for
dry Weather
thofe
exhales
Moifture
which
is
neceflary
Formati
i
ens >
perifh
the
Work wi
t
be imiperfei5t
a nd
muft
-I*
THE
to
firft
me
who
at
the
fame Time
their
in
i
formed
vation,
me of
feveral
Prefer
and found
that the
moft
fuccefsful one.
was,
To
preferve the
m
in
i
r
rom
that
from
ten in the
the
Morning
until
two or
the Afternoon
&i
La
i
This
have
it
alfo experienc'd
mend
bour
to the
litd
yet
Rccomp
vaftly great
N.
B.
'TIS
I
The
Fruit-Garden
'
lUuftrated.
-t
1
79
N.
B.
'TIS
very ferviceabh
to
ghe
'very
ABOUT
Fruits arc
the
20th of ^une
this
Work
is
over, and as
>
then the
ripen 1 n
we
fliould
now
/
th
them
for
the beft
THE
that
MafcuHne Apricot
Fig. IV. "Plate
fliould
be
left
is
at
B C,
and
XV.
are ,
which
two
mud
have a
therefore
we muft
allow
a larper
j
Apricot,'
whofe Magnitude
be
left
Mean between
Inches
the
two
i
I
other
Extremes, i
ftiould
at about
two
and' three
quarters
AND
more or
Kinds
at
as Apricots
differ
in
their
lefs
Roofti fbr"**cr/p
do Peach
Inches apart
5
like wi
fmall
may
be
left at
5
two
.
thofe
w
of a middling Growth
not nearer than fix
four
Inches
beft
and
largeft
Inches*
SOME
are
are
Kind
very
the
a
of Pears y
as
Green-Chizet^
Fruits
is
Summer'Bergamoty
Clufters
to
^
to prodti ce
their
in
but
they
Pears
much
Tree
beft
when each
the
Clufter
are
reduced
in
two
cepting
when
at
Clufters
very
diftributed
on
the
as
and
fuch
e left in
>
eater
Numbef*
o
the
three, four,
&
there
is
Difta
and Streng
Tree.
BUT
BY
where
i!
a full Crop,
'tis
beft
lem
or
y -*
double at moft.
J
feveral Proofs of
the preceding
Chapter
>
tis
that
the Leaves
of
drawing up
Nou-
lifliment
1
:'
%'
8o
rifhment
to
Fruits
MON
as
A: Or
I
as
we
as
keep in
th
<
them
and
Veffel
in
a fuppl
duA
fpoil
them
rom
Sun 3
Sap'
rying
Winds, which
Fibres,
and thereby
their
Growth
1
little
more Sun
Colours
eflaiy 3
5
ripe
their
J
then
give
them
let
their
beautiful
e
ial
and
therefore^
we muft
wi
ri
Deg
in the
in
Heat of the
Sun. which
IS
pen them
ateft
Lpable to
produce.
K.
B.
^HAT
before
*tis
htter
to tie
the Fruits,
ity
than
to
them away
hut
will
not allow
he fure
End
of the Shoots
not
e
and
^erfpirattons
may
re
and
^ults
V N
!
\
I
.
*
r
f-
!-
*,-
^-^
-^4
111'
J*^>
\
-^^.
*#'
H
I
\
\
I
''fW^'.ft
'
The
V
Fru IT-G A RD EN
!
^'
'
JUufirated.
8i
H
?
XIV.
Of
the
Manner
of gathering
^^e;;/
Frv it
Gathering.
f
s,
and Tre/ervins
^/^^r
-^
NOTWITHSTANDING
all
that
we
Fruits
yet
we
don't
know when
to gather them,
5
'tis
very
Fruits
probable that
we may'nt
for
when
are gathered befre they are ripe, their Juices are crude,
f^Sdl
grown^ they immediately fhrivel, y the other Hand, when Fruits hang on the Trees a longer Time than
Juices are ripen'd, their Juices are immediately prefpired or exhaled away.
and the
CHERRIES
deep black
y
are
fit
i
to be gather'd
ey
when
ee
and indeed,
have a
much
ripen d.
They
3
are beft
Shower of Rain
but mofl:
commonly
is
Dinner.
The
the
bell
Time
to gather
them
che Morning,
when
the Crudities of
Dew
Heat of
t
the
V
'
Day comes
I
on.
i_^.
^-Jh
m
crifp,
laft,
AT RICO TSy
are varioufly eaten
5 5
n)}%.
the
fome delighting to
little
them when
5
others
in
when mellow, or a
humble Opinion,
is
foft,
which
my
SOME
beft
when
fo
is Bruxel the indeed Tree, and delight to eat them from the which gathering, after others not until the next Day eaten
5
82
o
the
O
to be
laid fingly
MON
on dry Vine Leaves
-1
Or
>
two feems
Cool of
the
Evening, and
J
t.
PLUMBS,
they will
fall
bein
an
Touch of
the Finger
ri
off themfelves,
fipid
pe i
I
and
^^
Taftes become
*
r-.
#M
^ :
*V
k *
BUT
dor^
there
are
fome
Sorts
flirivel,
t\\^
^een-Mother ^Tyrab"
Fruit whatfoever.
any
PLUMBS
off,
when
the
Dew
is
comes
and
fhould
as they
in general
have a beautiful
ngle Fing
Flew on
and
a
Surfaces,
we
ather
them with a
Thumb only,
or
i
when we
intend to keep
them
Day
two
are
after gathering.
%
FIGS
they
fit
to gather
foft
when Drops
about
Fig
appear
their
Ey es
when
hang
al
become very
pendant
in
and
{hrivel'd
if
their Stalks,
fo as to
mod
Sides,
In
fliort,
have a
free
be too ripe
our Climate.
5
When you
and
in like
.
gather Tigs,
th
em on
up
their
Manner when
.
ferv'd
for the
\
Table.
-M
REACHES fhould be
muft be
becaufe
laid fingle
w
gather'd
when
or
by
Day
two
being gather'd.
They
i
1
on Vine Leaves, on
their
Stalk-End or Bottoms,
when
grow
rotten.
GRATES
with a
faint
czxiwot
d,
and
therefore the
longer
1
better
3
All
ting'd
I
i
whe
and
Amber Colour
Grap
in
TO
every
pref<
a long while a
npe
ris
ufual
to
tie
up
Bunch
5
fully ripen'd
others gather
them
at that
Time,
wi
t
I
The Fr u I T -G A R p
with
lUujlrated.
fingly in
will
preferv
beft
ripe,
:
Day,
clofin
Orifices
Wax
and then
after havir
g hung about th
eir
Space of
M
Day,
to perfpire
away what
Crudities
they had in
Bunch
Man
u
each
fcal'd
to han
wi thin
Side,
without touch in
Pot therewith
to
their
Tops,
them down,
^
lb as to let
I
no Air
or Moifture
till
in.
Then
placing
my P
in
warm
Cellar,
kept them
three
my
Occafion
recjuir'd
me
to u
Fruits,
"'tis
Months
my
Fruits,
Apricots^ Plumbs,
^r. may,
the
many
Months beyond
their
common Time.
away
the Sand from the Bunches,
I
WHEN
in clean
V#
I pour'd
dipped them o
the
SUMMER'Tears
Perfe(ftion
(like
b v a gentle Touch
but thofe
that fall
AND
wi
Monjieur
fome Autumn
Fruits are
aftet gathering,
and fuch
are.
the BureeSy
&c.
'T
-V
BOTH
fee
felf
Fruits
until
you
your
them
that
Nature
performed
her Part
3
rudent to lay
and Standards
;
alfc
wh
the
per-
fed
Fruits
AND
come
free
from
Bruifes
firft,
The
the
beft Method of
uking
the beft
the
ff.
M
^
Or
V
I
?
A.*-!.
from
thofe Bruifes J
w hich
cannot be avoided^
when
THE
d the
bei n g
clofer
that
Autumn
arid
Winter
e
from the
lefs
difturb'd in
free
firft
e eping
long
an
wi
keep >
war m
5
carefully guard.
again
the
the
Windows
clofe >
and
&
thick
THE
are
feveral
eral
Kinds of Fruits
befl:
w
And
this
in
of the
Sorts
ripe
placed to every
it is
Fruit, the
Day on which
"'twas
Year
727. yet
not to
expeded
I
tW
Time
Good
the
nefs
of
Fruits,
and
therefore the
:
fame
as
is
For
thofe
grow on
Tops of Trees
having
lefs
are fooner ripe than the others nearer to the Roots, they
are Fruits
lefs
much
For
Plenty of
more
retards ch
ivracurity
of
Fruits
and
'tis
in moift
Land
AND
Fruits,
different
Natures of
'tis
to ripen
therefore that
&c.
fcarcely eatable.
Jt
-**
#^
s>
I.
fv
p.
TLve F R u
T-G A
t)'E
lUujiratel
w
'
k1
~i
H
fiij.
I
XV.
t.
^
Of
1
H
produce
three,
R
their Fruits,
HERRIES
of the
either
.
on the
or
lateral
Snags
two and
only,
,
&c.
Years
Wood
on
Wood
Fig,
II.
as the early
Cherries 7 and
or prun
e
For by
"Plate
It
XVL
which
the
laft
Year's Shoot of
Morella
Cherry y
ears that
End of
away, had
at the
End,
as
is
ufual.
THE
produces
Fruit this
that tliat
Wood
which
Year^
is
always barren
after,
excepting now^and-tlien
forae few
is
i,
where
AB
Shoots,
with
Buds fwelling
for Bloffonij
and
the barren
Wood
NOW
we
all
after
once bearing
every Year
Care
is
not taken
THE
Morella Cherry,
when
well ripen'd,
is
an
ex cell
Fruit tor
the Table,
and
is
THE
85
O
THE
Fruits in the
A: Or
^^
fmall
May-Cherry y
{Fig.
11.
"Plate
XVII.) produces
its
fame Manner
as the preceding,
and
therefore
we mu
the like
Manner
which produce
Fruits the
fame Year
But fometimes
the
Wood
dd
d^
&^
Fig.Y
Wood
of the May-Cherry.
r
THE
%\
Buds very
nearly
fet
together, zs
dd
d,
&c.
and
THE
and
HolmanS'fDuh,
{Fig A. Plate
feen
XVH.)
is
an excellent
Fruit,
great Bearer, as
may be
by
the BloiTom^Buds
dddy &c.
{Fig All.
Wood B
the
firft
C, near to
whence the
are
laft
Year's Shoot
AB
was produced.
in
:
Leaf-BudsJ
whi ic
prepare themfelves
And
White znABJackHeart, {Fig. lY,Y.Plate XVIII.) whofe feveral Branches and Buds are in the fame Manner exhibited in Plate IV- Fig. I and II.
1 '
THE
Carnation-Cherry, (Fig.UL
PlateXVL)
late,
it
in
is
good Land,
is
an ex
and
better
from a Standard
well ordered
it
naturally produces
much
BlofTom, as
may be feen by the Buds Fig. II Buds d d dy &c. Fig. IV. are but
&c.
are
THE
v
Corone, Gafcoigne,
duc'd on Fiddes or
Wood
need no further
Explanation.
^''-r
THERE
and therefore
with
their true
are
many
&
which
could
procure
Sealbn,
omit
their
Defcriptions until
N.
B.
THJT
The
F R u I t-G
A RD E
lUufirated.
N.
B.
of the feveral
Fmts
hing
reprefented in this
the r6al
Wori,
Nature
itfelf
Inipref'
Bad
of every Leaf
THE
'
'
_m- -
as
hccurately delineated^
which
performed,
pendicuJarly
their
Bafes
and then
Papery
I truly
SeSiionSy
herein exhibited
fo
that
and
exai Geometrical
Reprefefitation of Nature*
f"
\r
>
88
rv
i
MO N
\
J
-'i
Or
>
' 4
N
.1?
t,
f-
\.
XVL
^^
'^
\l
4- it
I
-
X
1
Of
/
TRICOTS,
laft
AbrlcotSy
"i
we muft
preferve
young
which
all
Wood
is
for
a Succeffion, that
when we
are ob-
barren,
we may
But
on
Wood
fmall
fruitful
Branches,
2is
XIX.
which
-.
like wife
THE
2is
at full
Len
> J
as
when
cy are pruned
THE
you
firft
between the
firft
B, Fig.
III.
'Plate VIII
Bloflbms are fully blown^ whilft the others above, ^t ccc are not half f( much expanded, becaufe they receive lelTer and
later
Nourifhment from
the
and
in like
manner
that
thofe
are
atdSd,
lefs
and
later
and
therefore
it is
we
whereby they continue much longer, than were one Time But 'tis always found that the firft
:
Crop
is
the beft.
THE
np e
Mafculine Jpricot,
'tis
{Fig.
I.
late XV.)
is
firft
that
is
d when
difcretionally thin'd 3
3
timely gather'd,
is
worth
moft Curious
but
when
row
m
*
If
^e FrUIT-G AR DfeN
in
lUuftratel
89
they
great Quantities,
they
ij pe,
worth nothin
THE
Fruit
next Apricot
irt
Order of Ripening
is
is
the
Roman
the true
Jpricot,
mealy
Orange
much
But
th e very beft
Bruxeh
Or Breday
commonly
Apricot
THE
\
II.
91ate XV.)
is
is
an
excellent,
fine
F
beautiful, pleafant-tafted
but
generally a bad
CO
Bearer
when
over- loaded
with
Branches, 7
accordi ing
the
laid
common
at the
Method
of nailing
theni.
Length oF
bout a Month
{Fig,
III.)
is
npe about
this
Time, an
all the
on a Standard
'tis
feveral
Kinds of Apricots,
fine brisk
high-flavour'd Juice.
either b^t^Gra
Situation.
on the Mufcle-Plumb
Stock,
delights
warm
',*
Soil ancJ
>^
3^
'J
^Mf^,^
t^
->
a
#^-
.1.
po
A: Or
H
Of
/
XVII.
u M
their
L UMB S
as well as
produce
Fruits
on
2iS
the
lafl:
Year's Branches 3
the
on fmall
lateral
Snubs,
a a dj
&c. on
two
Years
Wood,
THE Bloflbm-Buds of
are double, as c
c,
as well as
are fingle,
&c. and therefore eafily diftinguifli'd from Leaf-Buds, as i ^, &c. Fig. III. ^late XIX.
Years Shoots have
lateral Shoots, as I
WHEN the
"P/ate
kfl:
H K, FigAll
fliort.
XIX.
'tis
neceflary to reduce
H, may be
/"
left
unpruned
1
THERE
Notice, I
are a
ome
are
very bad
">
which
lafl:
bein
worthy of our
ftiall therefore
THE.
/
firft
I.
ripe
is
the Jean-hative^
is
Tlumh^ {Fig,
white Flew )
of a
yellow.
with a
xifcjme^y 1727
as
But
oftentimes
when
this Fruit
is
unskilfully
pruned
at
Fig.
"Plate
\
AB
being prun'd
Bloffom-Buds, and
their Fruits
left deftitute
Power of Attraction,
and
fupplicd
C D,
of
I
yet for
away
the Crudities
r
*-
The
Fruit-Garden
1
lUuftrated.
91
:
are
Sun and
Air,
dried
Quantity, as
when
THE Red
differs
very
little
frodi
Manner of producing
Fruits,
XXI and
XXII.)
Tis a very
a Number
h
when
upon
une
the Tree
I.
Weeks
after the
Jean-hathey viz
THE
dark
Bearer,
IS
id ne Plumb
O vety
light Violet
Flew, a goo
and
on an Eaft-Wall.
THE
ripen'd, as
reddifti Bl
Orleans
^hmb,
{Fig.
W.
9 late XX.)
ne
o
juicy
common,
Pulp when
Tis of
its
yet
i,
very valuable
Plumb >
well for
its
rm
we
!
plentiful Bearer
plealant
)
oppofite Parts
the
targe as as generally are Magnitudes common N. B. 4 Ripe XX. 7^7 Plate in reprefented B, prick' i Line A
p
TBEIR
South'WeJi Wall.
t
%
Foderingham ^hmb,
in refpe6t to
its
THE
Sir
Father ingh
{Fig. "Vt.
be
a fa
who
Next
liv
ac
Sheen
nesit
Richmond
J
Surry
)
hath
crifp,
full
of
cellent rich
and comes
little
the
Sun
'tis
a dark
but a pleafant
Red, a
fpotted,
and
ITS
at
Skin
fuch Times
'tis
Tis an
excellent
when
V^
Efpalier or a Standard
Ripe July
7^7
South-Eaft
-.
Wa
THE
'..
.<
43
l^.
I'
i
-*
'*
\.
t V
^*
02
O M ON
-f
A: Or
a'
'^
>
THE
beautiful
tis
ImpertaJy {Fig.
V-
3^/^^^
IS
and
IS
therefi
oftner
u fed
Baking
Preferving
&
an
much
efteem'd,
i
by
Wall
1 .
THE
for the
Violet
Tluml
:
Plumb,
either
Table or Tarts
The Pulp
is
'tis
\
a great
Ripe July
5,1727.
Weft Wall.
THE
Royal
XX.)
eaves
\
I
fo called in refpeft to
which
is
Red about
to rot
in a yellowifli
Green
Tis
warm
fubjecft
in
wet Lands,
'Tis a
:
and-Iofes very
plavour.
good Bearer J
of
fine^
rich 5
aci
-.;
juftly plac'd
in the
firft
Rank of Plumbs
THE
cellent
Blue or
5
IV
^7^f^ XXIIL)
is
an exViolet
Plumb
its
fine
Ripe July 2 o.
THE
#
Pulp
it,
ii
is
a yellowifli
Plumb >
Its
yellow within^ very fweet, with a pleafant Acidity attending and comes from the Stone, but the Sk often fomething bitterifli.
:
'
Ripe Jugufi
^
Weft Wall
'x
'
A.
THE Mml
Plumb
5
'Perdrigm
(Fig.
Ill,
<Plate XXIII.)
,
is
an excellent
I 1
I
Pulp comes from the Stone very firm full of a rich gar'd d with an almoft black Skin, and fine Violet Flew y Ripe July 1 o. Weft Wall
its
^.
5>
THE
^'
<
'-jc^;-;^^
.t^
4
i
s.
The
.e
FX
*i
E
%
NT
JUuflrated,
vt^\
n
4
f-
THE
Fru
1
&r9
P//jf^ XXIII.)
is
moft
beautiful
>
>
d with a
ripen'd,
harfli
Cnmfon Red
its
and
aint
Pearl-colour'd
when well
fomething
J
Rip
are
\ ery agreeable,
which othcrwifc
and
acid
THE Chejton
Fruit
I
9lumh,
'
is
a moft delicious
its
rich
d therefore
defc
Colour
IS
a deep
Tis
good Bearer,
r
at
no Gentleman
that
THE
Plumb,
the Stone,
YL
"Plate
Villi)
i*
another excellent
full
eautiful
Ripe
u 7
South-Eaft Wall.
*
i>
^'
THE
Pearl-
Reme
Claudia, ot
^een
"P^e
XXIIf.)
is
when
ripe >
and
is
very
uice, a
good
Bearer
*
J
Ripe Jugujl
S'.
Weft Wall.
THE
k
is
a fmall Amber-
its
and
very
\
is
The
^^_*
Fruits are
Biit
richly fugar'd,
finer againft
much
from a Standard.
T H E White
of a
>
i
Matchlefs, {Fig.
is
a beautiful Fruit,
yellow Colour,
is
rl
Wh en
this
Fruit
Plumb, but
5
the Pulp
fgrnething harfli
and
acid
tis
^^
^Mr-
[j;^^
THE
i
f,
^-.-1
.^*?V
94
M
i
N
r
A: Or
THE
Vfc
IJ.
^Iate XXIV,)
is
a very pleafant
5
d Pli^pb, upon
f.
its
Pulp
rather
d with a
Viokt Flew
'
tis
a very
o6d
THE ^en
when
is
TlmXXlV.) h
which
an excellent
its
r
Fruit
fully ripen
fo as to
be a
on the Tree 5
rich
Pulp
yellowy within,
comes from
the Stone
is
tion to the
Whole 5 next
3
the Sun
felf
with
a few red
in
a dark Yellow
a very
good Bearer
but in
fome wet
Soils 'tis
Ripe
Augufl 12 J
THE
Stone
,
'Plate
r ichly
XXIV.)
fugar'd,
Skiri
is
beft Plunmbs
3
its
Pulp
is
wh
when
ripe >
hati1
Blufh of red Spots next the Sun, with a very pale Flew Th > ^^^. ^^^ ^^^^^ Mother^ is very fubjed to Worms or Maggots in wet Seafbns : 'Tis a gve^t ^ec^ret xK^xett vrcii pruned, and is an excellent
little
Fruit
much
Wall
Ripe
'July
{Fig. V. 'Plate
XXIV.)
fnlljr ripe,
is
oth'er
mofl
>
valuably; Plutrib
its
Pulp
is
richly fugar'd
when
yellow
^i
Out'fide
a deep beautiful
Red, and
:
-X'
d with
Flew
THE.
St.
Catherine
XXIV.)
it
is
an excellent good
Plumb, when
great Bearer
:
difcretionally thin'd
on the Tree,
The
Pulp
3
is.
yellow
ithin^
but
Qut-fide
X
15,
whitifli
Flew.
IN
rated
'
a wet Seafon
'tis
fubjed to
Worms which
r
believe to be
3
want of
Perfpiration
becaufe
when
:i
I
(
*.--
u --
.-:
The
when
Illufiratedi
'9
much
afFeifled
therewith
..>
T HE Tellow ^iap
is
2>iap
5 7
d "PIurn b,
its
(Fig: IV.
9hu xxir.)
as
Pulp
is
the Ston
be eaten
on
as
two
afterwards
Wall
Tlate
THE
Fruit
5
Turkey Tlumb,
Pulp
is
XXV.)
is
a large beautiful
fts
of
ia
greenifli
fweet,
and cover'
with a pleafant
blackifli
Red when
'Tis
THE
Tlate
Mogul
alfo
'Plumh
called
or White
B.
Mag
'tis
>
{Fig
n
very
tis
1
XXV.)
the
when
ripe
its
Pulp
is
yellow within,
well as
fine
white Flew
ripe
J
The Pulp
Eaft Wall
flicks to
Acid when
l^ii^crJt^Uji 20,
1717 South
THE
being
firft
Wentwrth
XXV.)
fo called
from
its
at Strafford
Tkoichnham
Its
are
exacfbly
the
?ame
in
as the
Mogule
it,
but as the
it is
Mog^h
a
parts freely
I
from
and
therefore
3
looked upon
to
:
Plumb
England
for Preferving
'tis
good
Bearer
THE
/
XXV.
called
by fome
th
late
Violet ?
Blue ^erdrigon)
the
is
a moft
delicious Fruit
>
when
is
fufFer'd
to
hang on
Tree
until
'tis
little
ftiriverd
Pulp
a greenifli Yellow
and
The
good
Oot.fidc
Bearer
:
is
a blackifli
Red,
tis
THE
96
mi
t\
MON
{Fig,
I.
Or;
THE Wbite
1
*
Pear "Plimh
TIate IIV,)
alfo,
is
another excellent
its
Plumb
I
for Prefervin^,
when
fully ripe,
5
Juice
bein
is
the
Pulp
^tis
a good Bearer,
and
+
N.
B.
THE
it
(Fig. IL)
tts
is
an
excellent
Fruit fc
an
ahh
n^ery
common
when
common
in e^very
their
own.
1^
^1^1
J
p
-*\
v^
,v-
*ii
>^
The
UIT
AH DEN
iJInftratcd.
91
K^n
Alphabetical
their
TABLE
Times
the preceding of
Plumbs,
differe ti
e^chihiting
Ripenln
or
and
Afpedls.
Ripe.
'ffpcffs.
Cheston
I
'July
ly,
Weft Wall
Soiith-Eaft,
Catherine
Drab-d'or
^Ug. 12 f
U
20 3
J
Weft.
Eaft.
Faft.
DiArRE Tel/ow
Damosine Black
Aug
u
y^z/y
,
M
F
>
fotheringham
14^
So I It Ii- Eaft,
Eaft.
Green Gage
Jean-Hative
Imperial
y//i^
30,
June
10
Soutli-Eaft,
.Norch-Wcft.
Sept,
Imperatrice
Sourh-Eaft.
lO
u
Standard.
Eaft.
*
July 23,
July 24
South-Eaft.
Weft.
South-Eaft.
Perdrigon Blue
Perdrigon White
Perdrigon
Aug.
10
1
>
Weft.
We
Weft.
*
if
Musk
lo July
July 50 >
Perdrigon Cerney
Weft.
Aug.
u
South
South-Eaft,
20 J
Weft.
Turkey
t
20
>
-^
South.
>
j-t
Violet
..V-
J^b
Weft.
South-Eaft.
Wentworth
Plumb Phar White
r
I
-^w^. 2 o
>
North.
'T
MON
A: Or
-:
H
0/"
XVIIL
</i
PEACHES
LTHO'
NECTARINES.
in
their
Colour^
Propagation and
are the
fame
fo that
when
am
on
the ordering
is
to
be underftood of
Neftarine Trees.
ALL
Wood >
the
the
II
Fruits
III.
upon
the
laftYear
>
Fig, VII.
^hte
th
\]c
and
CD
E, on B F
/fhc /mall
Sfioots
DEFG, (i^-.X.)
Seafon
Wood X
W of
therefore that
pref(
fufficient
we muft always, during the Summer Quantity of new Wood to fucceed the old
*
&.
we
thereof at the
'".1
Time of
.^r^
Pruning.
IT
appears
by
{Eg.
III.
extreme Parts
much weaker
in
the Sap
and
'tis
for this
Reafon
that the
Ends of young
BUT
t
-.1
The
IHuJirated.
99
BUT
not (b
>
therefore that at
A,
Nourldiment
dpcrip
away
was
that Shoot to
perifli
prun'd
if
when
AND
'tis
Peach-T
Its
or was
the Branch
leading
Bud
prun*d away,
would
II
die as aforefaid
but
if
A B,
and
III.
were to be prun'd
at the
Bud
/,
it
would not
it is
Budi&
THERE
Vlate
II
are
many Kinds of
which
is
and
III.
a very great
Advantage to the
as well
Fruits, in
as freely perfpiring
away
and
BCD, &c.
and
'tis
Fig>
I.
Plate
XL
Peach
always
fruitful
bed
PEACHES
have a very
of their
and
beautiful
Diffi
m
being
f<
the
the
Bloffom
The
earlieft
and
beautiful,
as the old
Nemngton,
Fig. II.
Plate
II,
Fig. VI.
&c. Peach, Albemarle the and IX. VIII, Plate III. and Fig, VI. very yet but fmall, very Kinds late the And III. Pl^te
the
beautiful in
II, III.
the
/
VHI, II
Quantity their upon much very depends Goodnefs of Peaches the Trees upon thick very left when thing any worth never are for they old the good makes which Temper, covetous a by which is always done
THE
lofe.
THIS
lOO
'-
MON
on one
fingle Tree,
in the
:0r
THIS
Dozen of
which
Early, or
Smkh'sNew^
general \^ery
ington Reaches,
Fruits,
in
and
infipid tafted,
were
fold at
Market
for Six-pence
per Dozen
Now
Dozen
to ^have
Perfedion.
/
HAVING
fliould
already
laid
^down
be
laid
(q^tz. the
Length of
their
Leaves)
ic
exhibited
by
Fig.
II.
"Plate
XI Vf.
we'll proceed to
THUS
themfelves.
far
by
Way of
Preliminary
now
J
the Fruits
'
v..
THE
I.
"
firft
Peach
XXVII.)
its
(Fig,
t
"Plate
?
fvveet
well ripen d
Col
very
B-
hr y
\
a pale Green
Rip e
UfJ
'>
P
<''
South Wall
--.
('
THERE
!
is
is
called the
White Nut-
much
the
fame , having a
j
broken 9
I
m
THE
Ann
is
Nutmeg
>
:
Pulp
is
tis
a good Bearer
ThiERed
fiill
Magdalene, {Fig. V.
"Plate
XXVII.)
good
Fruit,
is
zn^
very
*tis
of a rich fugar'd J
alfo the Infid'e
W hich
V ed
>
blackifli
Red
which
lofes
in a
faint
Green
tis
ood Bear
THE
t
m
s
The
R U
A R
lUuftrat cd
loi
ft
THE
}
White
is
MagMane,
the
it
is
Scone, which
The Pulp
next the
is
next to
which
is
Rib of
the Stone,
which
I
is
little
ting'd
with
Red
Juice,
The
Pulp
of a great Subftance,
'tis
_/
full
of a
fine
fugar'd
win
and melting
a good Bearer
Ripe Ju
}o.
Weft Wall.
THE
for the
is
commonly
taken
It
comes from
it is
J
the Srone
which
a
it
the
a light Green
wherein
Fruit,
firom
:
White Magdalene p
us a
very
good
N.
B.
BO TH
thefe
lafi
little
Red
in
them next
THE
which
Juice
is
is
Ro%anna
a
{FigAW.
5
"Plate
XlVll^ comes
it
rom
the Stone
Its
)
brown Colour
y
rich,
'tis
is
very Green
vei
and therefore
the Curious
3
next
great Bea
Sun
felf in
a faint Green
'tis
Wall.
alfo 'Plate XXVIII.) (Fig Nemngtoi Smith's 3 Bearer great and good Fruit, very a 3 Early Newington^ is in Op but my Nemngt the Old like } firm and very
y
i
THE
called the
Pulp
.
IS
much
fliort
with
Sun
-
Ripe July
THE
as
is
Minion,
{FigM
and
Plate XXVIII.)
its
which
is
a dark
Red
full
The
Pulp
is
very firm, an
when
pared
'tis
an ex
Ripe July
2 o.
South Wall.
THE
Fruit J
or Noilejl y
is
an excellent
Name
It
"iT
02
has a Peek
/
O
rifing
M
pper
N
End 5
is
A: Or
like that
>
on
its
of the Fru
of a
brown
\
many
'Fibro
full
Parts of
Pulp
clofely
i
adh
to
The
Red
colour'd with
Pulp
melt
delicious
f Red without
Sout
t
ood Bearer
Rip
20)
7^7
\5rall
THE
Pulp
is
XXVIH)
is
an excellent Fruit
>
IS
Its
elti
which
brown Red
The
Infide of the
a deep
Red
a very
ood
Ripe
Jtily jo.
South Wall.
THE
I
XXVIH.)
+
is'
nd of
lovely
Red
\
is
which
Next
in
the
felf
:
wi
fm a
>
Spots of
Red
a yellow Green
ood
Bearer
Ripe July
THE
/
Newington
Ne6i^
I.
Plate XXIX.)
full
its
its
Pulp
clofely
adheres
u
very red,
of an
excellent ric
it is
I
i
hen
perfe<5i:Jy ri'p
3
which
is
known
hansinff until
is
:
little
fhriverd
it felf
its
very
red,
which
3
lofes
a ftron
Yellow
"'tis
a good Bearer
1;
Ripe July
7^7
South Wall.
THE
the Sun,
Roman Ne6iorme,
which
is
(F/^:. II.
is
Plate XXIX.)
its
r
its
Pulp
clofely
a fine deep
Yellow
Wh en
w ell
5
ripen'd
'tis
'tis
an excellent Fruit,
Bearer
:
of a
good
Ripe
"July jo.
South Wall.
THE
b
lof(
\
III.
foft
meltin
Pulp, comes from the Stone, and very red next about
Red
felf in
The
i7
Out'skin
is
a very black
Red
5
'tis
Wall
Ripe July
South Wall
THE
*
97j
i^
f>
Fr
T-G AR D EN
lUnJirated.
103.
THE
moft
is
/ifj//^,
oi-
Bvumon
IS
when
is
well ripcn'd
itsP u
is
the
felf
in a
Yellow
Ripe
THlB
f
i
\ y
(
fome J
fallly 5
le
Teinph
is
Ne0^
very
Fig* V-)
light
its
which
of
Brown^
)
or Snuff
Colour
Red
tis
when
flhould
:
not be gathered
fomething
*tis
good Bearer
^
V.
i
r
Jdmhalk, is wh it to next Pulp Colour the Cinamon is a which of Stone > 5 AdmhabJe called juftly be may it Tindures of few Red with fome
a
{Fig.
If.
THE
"Plate
XXX.)
comes
rom
the
regard to
\
its
fine
The
felf in
Part
a
the Sun
?
ght Yellow
tis
good Bearer
Rip
Auguft
THE
which
r
Temple Ne^anne
{Fig-
1.
"Plate
is
the Stone
is
Cinamon Colour 3
the Pulp
eiti
and
full
of a
Next
y
the
tlS
Sun
'tis
Green
good Bearer
THE 9afs-rhht
I.
I
XXX.)
or 2)
Troy "Peach 7
Tafte it about next red very being Stone, the from its Pulp comes Orang an of is its outward Coat but Red the like is very 1717 6 Ripe Red Angufi > brownifh with dotted
Colour,
faintly
Eaft Wall.
THE
%
tis
Wvet
{Fig. IV.
"Plctie
the Scone,
which
very red
w ith
Red
ry yello
which
IS
'-
104.
a faint
^^
M
IS
A: Or
:
loft
in
Yellow
'tis
a good Bearer
Ripe Jugtifi
>
1727
Eaft Wall.
THE
in
Turple Alberge )
{Fig,
V.
"Plate
XXX.)
call e
ein
lofes felf which Bloflbm-End, d with a Coat of Purple about the and within. is yellow Pulp its Yellow blended with 5 dark Red,
ery
it
parts
3
.
'Tis a
moft
del
Ripe Angujl
Eaft Wall.
{ 9
THE
whi c
IS
Violet- Hat
he
Red on
to the
Edges, but on
Chocol^
Colour
fofter
Next
Sun
'tis
foftned off
>
Ground
ever
is
blended with
tafted,
it
is
the
moft del
far
ex
cellent a Fruit
8.
Eaft Wall.
THE
ich
Old Nemngton
is
{Fig.
I.
"Plate
XXXI.)
very
its
Pulp
clofely adheres
of a lively
very firm
Red^and
ripe >
full
of a moftdelidous
Pulp
is it
when
felf in yellowifli
I'd
Green when
but an
in thick with
laid
Wood,
before noted)
when
the Branches
about
Rip
JugMjt
(
\
6.
South Wall.
from comes VlateXXKl) {FigAL Alhmarle ^W^ Stone the Pulp the but f a brownifli Red 3
ery great Thicknefs
r
Red
very
foftned off,
Pulp
Sun
'tis
melting
and
full
of
vinous
nice
Next
the
is
'
and
a
fet
'tis
aood Bearer
Ripe Juguji
t
8.
South Wall
f
ft
THE
pagated
r
fel I
firft
pro-
in
Gardens
at
Tmckenham
'tis
Middlefex,
{Fig. Ill
lofes
of a
fine
fmall red Sp
;
yellowifli
fro
Green
Th
which
is
Pulp
of very
great
\
Su'ofta
1
comes
Stone?
of a Cinamon
is
Colou r
very
white
?
The
f
Fruit-Garden
Illuftrated.
lo$
'tis
f white
\
its
Juice
is
Ripe J^guji
8.
Weft Wall.
THE
Fruit
\
is
the
the Stone,
of a dark
is
Its
a very
Part,
deep or
blackifli
is
which
fet
'tis
and
good Bearer
Ripe Jugt^Jt
8,
THE Bellows,
ii
{Fig.
Its
V.
"Plate XXXI.)
very great
e
feear^r,
is
and
a
li
excellent
!
good
Fruit
e
Stone, which
y
Brown, and
r
I
Pulp next
very
:
wh
Its
with a Tindlurc
Red
Edge of
the Stone
Skin,
which
freely
peel off,
of a pleafant
Red
and
o
I.
it
fclf
Specks in
a yellowifii Green
Ripe Juguji
Weft
THE
f
Sm^ake otSwolz^,
{Fig.
I 91
XXXII.)
Its
?
is
faid
be
firft
"PetethoYough
which
larg
is
is
very red
we
an
commonly
Very deep
'n<r
Red, which
Juice
is
Yellow
Its
very
rich,
and
good Bearer
Ripe Auguji
I.
Weft Wall
THE
[
"Pai^y
Royal {FigAL
3
Stone
Stone,
which
\
is
of a
Cinamon Colour
Pulp
is
very#red about
in
s
Outfid
is
is
the
World
Its
which
\
Green
a very
good
Bearer,
and
were
it
very in nail'd be to
in
beft Peach
England
Ripe JtigtjP
THE
which
r
>
Torp
(%.
befor
y
III.
:
is
Stone, die from Tlate X)CXII.) xomes very is Stone the The Pulp next about
pe,
is
m
and,
eaten
quite
has
New
r
igton
Tafte in
much
e
when
fully ripen
%
Rip e
JuguJl 14 3
I
THE
r,
iq6
V
\
M
^
Or
7
i
THE
its
c
?
called in
egard to
:
bei in
ropagated
c
by Mr. Rkkets,
is
late
a Nurfery-man at Hoxton
comes
fro
Scone J which
5
of
Red
in the Clefts
the
of a beautiful
is
Red J
"^
I
w
which
f
lofes it felf in
meltin
and very
is
full
its
is
Ground
-,
'tis
a good Bearer
Ripe Juguji
ij > 1727
1
Cinamon Colour,
:
adheres
many
Fibrous Particles
of the Pulp
Next
the Stone
5
and
full
of an excellent
Sun,
rich Juice
the Out-skin
of a pleafant
Red
next the
pleafant
which
5
"'tis
is
Yellow
a very
good Bearer
is
of a light
trown Colour
is
and next
full
it
the Pulp
is
IS
ofa
is
fbft fugar*d
Juice
^tis
good Bearer
THE Burdock
which
is
its
of a Cinamon Colour
full
tis
rm^ and
is
of a moft delicious;rich
is
Its
in a pleafant
yellow Green
:
5'
tis
good a
Fruit as
\
n
r
THE
of a
1^
oiwn 9
or RumluJion, {Fig,
is
III.
Red, and
it's
'tis
full
of a
fine
an excellent Fruit
is
The
Sun
\
i
foftned into a
ght Yellow
z-
a'
good Bearer
Ripe Septemhe
Weft Wall
.-
THE
1
The
Fr
T ^G A R D
EN
lUujiratel
107
r-
/ i
THE ItaUan
which
IS
the Srone,
very
lik e
Colour
it?
ackifli
is
foftned off
)
in a light
5
yellow Ground
'Tis meltin
a hd
of very
brief
it
the
Pulp
is
when
planted
:
a ainft a South-Eaft
Afped
<
in
a"
warm
Soil
'tis
a good Bearer
s
Ripe
Septemler
It
1727
South-Eaft Wall.
THE
rich Fl
its
Stone, which
p"'
pleafant
Ik
Red
-
The Pu!p_ is
ery
:
dof
Kext the Sun
fmall
4
i
Old Newington
ff-
L
1
is
.1
'tis
ood Bea
Ripe
THE Gatherfne]
ne
ri
{Fig.^L
ch-flavou?d
Fruit,
wnen
there
is
th
warm
moift
Soil,
.tis
i
.a
;
Wall.
^i
:%,^"fp
J ^.
>
v:
THE
1 I
Bloody "Peac
fo called
from
its
Pulp
comes from
alfo the
black
Outfide
.,
as
is
The
o Confideratiori in
late
Downey
a very
IS
'Tis
and, confidering
late
w hich
05toh
riofity
>
bad
Sake
Fruit
Cu
leaft.
^
4
H..
--vr--=-**^*
^j
s
^-
--
4-
-'^
'
K
<
.
r
I **
'
'^
'1.
ff
IfTT
^'ik*
i^i ;
r *
108
s..
Or
c/^
Alphabetical
their
TABLE
Times
of
the preceding
Peaches J
different
i.
exhihiting
Ripening ?
^i
Afpedls.
;
Ripe.
i4fpe6t5\
Ann Peach
Albermarle
J
to
Eaft Wall.
South.
Jug.
Aug. to Aug, 24 Aug.
Aug, Aug.
L
.
.
Admirable Eavly
Admirable Late
Alberge Purple
South-Eaft,
South.
Eaft.
'
Brookes Peach
h.
Weft.
1
Bellows
Weft.
BORDINE Bell-Cheveruse
J
Weft.
South-Weft.
Satt
Bloody Peach
-r
10
Eaft.
^ Burdock
Catherine
-b
South.
Sept.
If,
South.
South.
Elruge Nectorine
^ Golden Nectorine
Hems KIRK
Italian Peach
Weft,
F
Aug.
Sept.
South-Eaft.
10>
>
South-Eaft.
^
i"
Italian Nectorine
r
Aug.
July 30
f
South-Wcft.
_-_
^^
'J
Magdalene White
Magdalene Red
Minion
.
Weft.
I'
74
20
20
o
South.
&uth.
South,
^
S-
^
~l
Mo NT ABO N
^ Malacotune
NiVET
^i
10
Aug*
r^
South.
Eaft.
Newington Nect.
Newington
4^
July JO
*!
South.
South-Eaft.
't
Smith's
N EWINGTON
Nutmeg White Nutmeg Red
74
Aug'
une
Old
6
>
>
South-
South.
South.
une
N OBLESS
ORPREE
74
20
South.
Eaft.
Eaft.
-^g- 24;
Pav Y Royal
Aug. 15 >
Pass-Violet
ft
ft*
.1
I -
The
Fruit-Gard^en
BJpe.
lUuftrated.
i^
rop
ass-Violet
Aug,
Sept,
Eaft.
UMBULLION
20
Weft.
South- We fl
5^
J..
ROZANNA
Rickets
July 20i
Jug. 2J
5^/j^
Weft.
South.
}
)
^ Roman Nectorine
SwALZE
JO
I
Jug.
Sept'
Jtily
Weft;
Weft.
South.
Eaft.
Temple Nectorine
Tuteon de Venice
Violet-Hative
20 i
>
Jug*
N.
B.
THOSE
Fruits
ijohofe
"Pulps adhere
to
their
Stones
are
called PavieSy
which in
:
this
The
dnd come
from
their Stones,
\
\
^^
I
ij-
.^
'
(IIO
<
i
'.I-
V*
A: Or
.<
H
Of
XIX.
and
A
GRAPES,
INE S do
their
Ordering."
^j
tm
their
Bunches of
Fruits
fiom
thefirft four
Buds of the
laft
Buds or
Joints,
whofe
third, fourth^
and
fifth Joints,
produce
th*e
Fruits
we
is
receive.
IT
that
lafl
And
Plenty of
againft a
in a that
Wood
3
the
Method
in
is
not amifs,
'tis
when Vines
wrong,
growing
Wall
State
but
Vineyards
:
entirely
if the
Vines are
good
of Health
each in Length
and
if
they are
to
an almoft horizontal
as
from each
other,
a Shoot, and
each Shoot
two
or three Bunches
after the
of Grapes
fo that
inftead of havin
common Method of Pruning, to four Joints, only, we may have ten or twelve, and each
produce a
hereof,
let
ood
great
Quantity of
If
the
Truth
the
them but
now growing
in
Garden of
^r, Warner at Rotherhlth. which, by his judicious Management after the Manner before defcrib'd, annually produce great Quantities of the Bur
gundy\ and,
1
with which he
makes
^
The
makes
fince
Fruit-Garden
Nedor
for
I/luJirated.
Ill
But
chearful
the
Soil,
Accommodation of
in
his Friends.
is
and
many
them
Parts of
England^
nor na
ia
open
y
Vineyards,
we muft
therefore plant
bed
afpedlcd
WalU
may
be ripen'd
4
in as
good
Perfection as
4
the Seaf( on
is
able to produce.
Soils for
F
V
Gravel
Pears,
:
rich
light,
fandy, rocky,
much
as
lefs
Appl
>
&c. which
moift
ftifl
Lands, therefore
their Nature
>
Quai
of Moifture.
r"
FOR
produces
Fruits
tho'
mod
d
Seafc
freely in
its
bleedin
and
many
17.
anted exadly
\
\
of Houfes,
ypcr
he Vine,
is
THE
beft Seafon
is
Pruning
the
End of Septemhr
t:-
>
immediately
to
rife.
when
good
in
it
every Branch
is
better abl
when ptun'd
THE
more
to lay in
as
the
fruitful
and
therefore
we
Time of Pruning,
IS
common^
may
i
be laid
two
others
&i
THE
-^
112
m
M
THE
fliould
Or,
/
>
of Vines fliould be
>
laid
be never
if
'
Air to perlp
fame Reafon, be
THE
Fruits y
fourth,
&c.
Years
Wood
of the
be in
more
But
we muft
up young
Wood
from the
Bottom 3
of themfelves pro
as to
make a
at
their
feveral
from
by
the French
Wood
when
'tis
wanted to (ucceed
that
which
is
by Tini e- wholly
barreu,
BUT
we
itiuft
not
^
fuffer
any of
thefe
and
Growth,
lie flat
or parallel thereto.
WHEN
o ff
flopin
we
End of
a Vine-Branch,
4
we
fhould cut
it
behind the Eye, and about two Inches above the fame.
w
ABOUT
and
nail
clofe
the Beginning of
to the Wall
all
May we
r;
fliould
o
1
the feveral
young
w
Shoots,
as Fig,
which are
II.
furnifh'd with
that,
^late X.
as
their
Leaves augment
their
Summer
Injuries
advances, they
may
:
be proteded during
to
grow
on Branches about
fully
eight,
expofed to the Sun, and drying Winds, have their tender Sap-
Vcflels
TOWARDS
t
The
Fruit-Garden
End
of
Illuftraled.
fi3
TOWARDS the
Fruits,
May, we
above
fliould
flopping
their
as exhibited in 5^/^/^
XXXIV.
want
which
is
commonly
pradlis'd
by
unskilful Gardeners,
their
by
th
knowing
the attractive
Ufe
in Perfp
is it
thus
r uned^
how
po/Tibl
when
furnifli
them
wlcli
fo that
all
(like
moft o
their
at befl:,
very
infipid
and
taftelefs 3
nay
ey very often
Coxcombs imagine
by
WHEN
all
thefe
cWo
Op
are
performing,
we
which,
hA
difpl
rfc
rj
others that
appear
ufelefs,
if fuffer'd
to grow, never
of mjuring
the Fruits^
/
TOWARDS
early
the latter
End
Grap
>
or
pen J
which
the Sun_,
time
we
fliould
by Degrees acquaint
more of
to ripen their J
fweet, and
its
Th
is
Grap6
is
Skin thin,
generally deftroy'd
by Wafp
>
fCa
hun
not
either
up to
k
drown
themfelves
Night with
Fuzze of
Gunpowder,
and ftopp'd
which
fuffocates
them
in general
a moft
BUT
fince that
Kind, we muft
expofe them
therefore let
longer before
we
may
THE
. ' ,
our Notice>
large
.
are
the
-,
White
its
Sweet Water,
.
L.) which
is
fine
.^
white Grape
Skin
is
very thin,
r.,u:^jx
fubjed to
w/oft^c Wafps
"Tk an
evcellent
good od
Grape 7
*
^^
114
Grape, an
O
generally very
M
large,
N
:
A: Or
ripe,
but the
THE
and when
is
White Mufcadhie,
(9 late XXXK)
:
is
wKen
)
Fruit
when
pe,
"'tis
tranfp
the r ) fomething g^
'\'
with
Amber
next the
Sun
Ripe Augufl
THERE
fet
IS
is
very thinly
delicioufly
and moft
fweet
^
when
ripe,
Jj,'
THE
,-."
BlacTi
is
Sns)et
Wat
{ 'Plate
LI.
called
from
its
Wood, which
a
blackifli.
of a
blackifli
Form
is
'tis
MoreUtan Grape
j
Be-
but when
THE* Black
delicious Fruit,
Currant Grape
in
w
(Fig.
its
"Plate
:
XLVL)
IS
moft
ibmething oval
is
Form
'Tis a very
the
Bunch
THE
brown
Brick Grap
{Fig
a
t(
"Plate
XXXIX.)
fo called
from
its
red
Colour
:
'tis
lerable
very pleafant
fweet Fruit
THE
)
I
"Parjley Grape, or
I.
9hte LXVIIL)
its
called
came, and
is
Leaf being
divided into
the Parfley
many
:
Parts, like
therefore called
like the
Grape
The
Fruit
white, and in
Whhe Mufcadine,
THE
%
XXXVI)
the
called
by fome, but im
properly, the
ri
Red Mufc
tne
When
The
I
lUuJlrated.
lliy
Tis an
its
Colour %
fine IndiVo,
d with
Septemb
Ripe
o^
is
Flew,
and very
This
in
the Bunch,
and
Grape
three
called
ripens full
Weeks
fooner
N.
B.
THE
often
dejtroyd ly Wafps
in Oily
and
the only
Method topreferve
*
them^
is to
put them
Bags
^hen
nearly ripe.
%
(^^late
XXXVII.)
is
moft
deliciousj fugar'd,
ripen'd,
therefore
be without them
"Tis a very
great Bearer, and ripens, in a kind Sealbn, about the Middle of Septemler.
is
its
Juice
is
rather richer
:
and
fiiller
BESIDES
Fruits are
thefe
two Kinds of
ftrip'd
Frontitiac's,
there
is
another, whofe
a yellowifli White,
when
ripe,
is
equally as good
the fame
as either
of the preceding
Thefe two
are very
laft ripen
much about
Time
as the preceding,
and
good
Bearers.
THE
Grap
5
Mufcat Grape
fiall
is
little like
the
fmaller
and
of a
fine delicious
musky J
THE
St.
5^^/^rs Gr^/)^,
Its
is
d with
Violet Flew
Pulp
IS
a
tis
moft
delicious rich
great Bearer
Ripe 05.
o.
Weft Wall
THE
ii6
O
The
the Skin
MON
is
Or
Hernutage Grapes
a moft del
little bitter
rich fugar'd
:
Grap
-,
but
is
The Grap
which
trant
IS
parent
when
alfo
/
THE
tiful
V
Claret
5
Grap
{Fig. II
Tlate XLVII.)
is
^ fmall but
beau-
Grape
its
Fruit,
is
and make a
beautiful
Appearance
The
Fruit
when
ripe
with a fine Violet Flew, the Juice fomething acid and a pleafant 'tis a very great Bearer Ripe September
:
L
Red
>
'S'.
_^^
THE
Vineyard
Parts
5
Burgundy Grap
3
>
{Fig. I
"Plate
XLI.)
is
a black
Grap
>
*tis
the only
Grap
that
ripens
wxU
on
in the
their
open
Down
the
under
The
and have a
1
fine rich
little
tough
Ripe
open Vineyard
September 30.
THE
.4
XLIVO
is
a moft beautiful
rwh Vlavour, and ITrm Pulp, when Sleafons kind enough to rfp But even when Seafons are unkind, 'tis an excellent Fruit for Baking, and therefore we fliould not be without
large white
Grap
ot a
jie
or
two o
them
which
fliould
we have
r
THERE
*
is
another
it
ripe,
is
pleafant
Red, but
*\.
1
<^n
/
^"4
The
Fruit-Garde N
lUufirated.
"7
zyin Alphabetical
exhihitin^
n
TABLE
their Seafons of
Ripenin SRipe.
-y
Brick Grape
Aug. 24*
Sept,
*
Burgundy
30*
Sept. 30.
Sept, 20.
Black
Jug' 24.
pRONTiNAc White
Frontinac Black
*:f
Sept. 20.
pRoi^fTiNAc Griztel
Hermitage
July Grape
Sept,
30
20.
i
*^
74
-
Muscadine White
Muscadine Black
Sept. 20i
Muscadine Royal
4
^IK^. 25,
iSe/)^
Muscat
Parsley
St.
20
10.
\
J-
Peter's
oa.
Sweet
Jug. 10.
Jug. 20.
Raisin White^when k
is
oa. i^
Kinds of Grapes.
^.-^
N.
B.
W^
^*/"
-K
ii8
\
\
Or
H
<.'
XX.
^>
Of
HE
feveral
G TR
Kinds of Figs that are worth our cultivating in
Enghn
FIGS
Soils
in general
5
their native
and Climates
we have no
1
other
The
\
firft
Crop, (Ftg.
F$g.
IT.
I.
^late LIl.)
is
is
ripe
about July
than the
Crop,
o.
(which
always
much
leis
about September
is
the next,
which ripens
Time
They
{Fig.
Fruits,
but nothin
comparable to the
Bhc^ Figy
Fig
which
THE
firft
Crop of
are
alway
produced on the
the Shoots
laft
Year
Wood, and
Time when
/
IN March
delivered
they are
vifible^
as
a a
a,
&i;. Fig.
much
larger, as
A, A, Fig.
from
their
Womb
Fruit,
and
perfect in their
attracfts
Forms.
And we may
ment to
the
Nourifli-
young
by timely expanding
the Leaves
all
beyond them 9
the
Buds below
/
naked thereof.
^ i
WHAT
The
I
up
WHAT we
-
fecond
Crop of
Figs,
is
firfl:
by
grow on 5 and
which we
call
Crop, are
f
laft
produced.
'
\^
THIS
at hrft
may
*tis slflually
Matter
of F^6t, becaufe thofe Figs which ripen in Septembefy are always pro-
Shoots
is
And
as they are
produced early
in the Spring,
when much
the Shoot
firft
which
^re
when
the
their
Growths
Eye*
are
nearly at
an End,
an
fcarcely vifible to
naked
THESfi
firft
produced
the
Fig^^
the white
Kind,
do frequently
5
either
Walls or Pails
but
Thefe
laft
of
the Shoots, if
not
kill'd
by
Advance
and
during which
Time Naturd
fo
brkr-f<>duin^piew Shootsipr
the Life
on during
of the Tree.
1
Cuftom among
y
I'd
J
but
it
appears,
periments made,
th^t
ly
wrong ,
Fruits,
but
are
much
Abundance.
THE
ierate the
is
the Middle of
Ripening of
thofe Fruits
Wood
fruitful
to flioot
the
T
thod,
always produced y
from
>
But when
Lengths,
old and
common Me
only:
always produced
full
and
all their
of
large barren
Wood
/
?
'
120
-1^
Or,
W"
H
Of
XXL
R
feveral
j^
W
1
R
\
f
HE
Scarlet
the
The
I.
^late LV.)
is
encreafed
Its
own Runners
Rows
about
twenty Inches or two Feet apart, and being always kept to fingle Roots will produce their Fruits very early. Some plant them nearer igether
Beds chrce Feet wide, with Alh'es of eight Inches between, and fuflfer them to run among one another 5 but they do not ripen their Fruits fo early, nor are they near fo large however it
:
as
eceffary that
we
fliould
have fome
the fingle
after this
Manner to
Ripe
XX
fucceed the
firft ripe
from
Roots
May
10
727
as well
(Ks;.
III.)
is
a moft del
large
and
beautiful Fruit
:
'tis
a great Bearer,
and
delights in
a very rich
holding Soil
It
when
planted'^
fame Diftances as
encreafed
by
own Runners
THE
II.)
very
great Bearer,
when
planted in a frefh
Seafon
and
rich
Land 3 an
Ripening 5
kept well
as
Bloflbming and
indeed
Th
Kind
IS
creafed
by
but
'tis
Woods and
prod
much
better
and
rger
'
<
The
argcr Fruits, than
isr
lUuJirated.
121
in the
Garden
run
They
larger,
and
let
among one
another
but
when
they are
much
EVERY
Time
fourth
or
that
their Strength
and Vigour
is
exhaufted.
iBOTy
their
/
Scarlet
and put
in
gentle
\vhofe Crudity
entle
warming, and
Frofts.
all
the Air
Winds and
.f
,.ji
/'
122
Or>
I
K
^
M.-
F-
H
Of
XXII
Y
n^iz.
The
Tmple
The Wood of
fct
the
5
White
and Red
of the Turpi
Excrefcenccs.
IS
is
but that
THEY are
1
jfl
all
propagated
by
up
the
Summer, and
Autumn
following
They
era]
Rows
Some
about eighteen
Gardeners, for
Inches apart, an
Row
Feet afundcr..
Fruit, let
want of knowing
the
Nature of the
Rows, which
fo well as
when
Roots
WHEN
Planting,'
we
prune
the
Roots of Rasberries at
the
Time of
*
we
fliould
out
Ground
from thofe
are
broken
after
Summer
planting
For as foon
Fruits, they
Branches of
all
the
feveral
Kinds have
produced their
immediately
perifii.
BUT
of
that
we may
Wood
Nature does
laft
therefore
to
Maturity
\
The Fr u I T-G A R D
Maturity
3
lUuflrated.
123
which Shoots
off,
fliould, in
the
End of Augtip
their
following, be
pruned, or cut
extreme PdrtS.
N. B.
is eqfieji
KEEb
more
Suckers,
fee
my
felf
among
them
his
to keep
Summer
&c.
thofe
fince every
one
who
when
Works
are
THE
and
firft
L VI.)
is
the
moft
common >
ripe
^une
I 9
1727
>
tis
great Bearer.
tiful
we muft
not
fail
of having
fome df them
THE
Tomething
Reafoirtis
/
VurpJe
later
its
Tafte, and
is
124
^
MON
Or7
i-
I.
'
H
<
XXIII.
J
Of
or Corinths,
c ailed
from
Old Red^
loft
{Fig.
I.
'Plate
LVI.)
11.
the
the
firft
ripe 3
almoft
III.
in
England
Goofe
the
Jmhr
hrryy Fig. IV. the Walnut Goofeherry^ the Rumhulion and the
2)amfe',
Berry
which
by
th
from
th
apart an
Rows, an
is
The
bcfi:
Method of Ordering
like
Goofeberries,
to
Dwarf
Fruit-Trees,
with the cX
treme Parts of their Shoots clipped every Year, and the old
ftantly cut
Wood
con
^
away,
as
young
confies
up
to fucceed.
THE
good
Red
>
White
fliould
fDutch
Currants J
in
are
propagated
to
as
Goofeberrie
Fruits
and
But
be ordered
if
have
think that
we were
WM,
much
improved thereby.
very
late in the
?
And when we defire to have either Red or White Seafon, we fiiould plant fome Part of our North- Walls
in
with them
tiful
Wood,
beau
large
Bunches of
The
>
.>
Fruit-Garden
lUuftrated.
o I
H
t
XXIV
0/
n
the
Black
tr
HE
Bhcl
Mulberry
the Fruits
I
we
propagate in England^
therefore
lilently pafs
o
1
I fiiz^U
over
otnct
Kind s^
more
of fome Botanifts^
who
delight in Varieties of
many
Mulberry
by Lay
>
which fhould be
laid
down
in
OCiober at
e aft
eighteer
may
be continually
full
circulating about
after,
them
>
two Years
before they ar
V
taken away,
may
be well rooted.
whe
we come
take them up
for tranfplanting
into the
Nurfery
r
. 1
THE
r
and a
half,
ufually done,
i n er fpire i ^
tf-
THE
the
Leaves of the
large
heavy, caufe
h
leading Shoots to
Therefore to
/
Growths,
we
fhould
ftra ic
tie
Stakes >
Arbour Pol
Side
WE
'Jt
'
126
M
WE
only.
:
*J
'
Or J
'V
^ .*
* "*^
Y
'
Buds
as they appear,
that the
whole Nourfniment
may
in the
We muft prune
to break
Buds
out
which
their
THERE
tities
is
Quan-
of KatJcins
Fruits
ew
which
May, (as Fig, VHI. "Plate LVHI, LIX.) and very when diicover'd, ffiould be either budded or grafted
{
IF we obferve how
we may
fee
what a
made
for
their
over the
Fruits,
away
their
Growth from
the InjunesnoF
Hcatrand Cotd.
'fT
THOSE
Buds in the
\
Fruits
tfiis
laft
Year
for if in the
DeptR of Winter we
its
the
Bud
of a Mulberry from
the naked
its
Apex down
young
we may with
Eye
difcover the
Fruit in
up
in
its
tender Leaves,
the Fruits
when
which, with great Force, expand themfelves with they firft appear in May^ as Fig.YSf. ^late LIX.
H
\
The
lUufirated.
^
127
f
**.
-'
Vv
r.
* k ' -
'^
yj
XXV.
/
<
^'
i?/i2s.
the
Red and
Curious
:
the
/fZ'//^,
which
laft
is
the
moft efteem'd
fey the
They
are
%
V.
fome Hedges
in our Kitchen
and
!Fruit-Gardens.
Coh'Nut,
{Fig.
:
Ill:
^Jate
is
ndfoihe Standard-Tree
The Nut
Bearer.
THE Hazel
and tho'
it
is
Nut, {Fig.
11.)
is
a pleafant Fruit
when
well
ri pen
>
Fruit-Gardens,
beautiful
are very
and advantageous.
'-.'
,
WALNUTS
Timber, when
are
as well as
thei
largely grown.
We
There
French
is
one
Ill,
V.
"Plate
LVIH,
LIX.) called th
when
us.
and cold,
THE
bein
Englip Walnuts
differ
very
much
in
their
Qual
fome
fliell'd 5
others
of the fame
the
Then
there's
other Kinds
Magnitude
*>
t
1*
.V
.-J'
128
^
M
nothing.
N
rais'd
A: Or
>
.
Magnitude of Fig, IX, X. feme of which are good, and others worth
And
as
they are
all
from Nuts_,
which >
like
many-
other Seeds,
certain
often degenerate
unlefs
from
the Mother-Tree,
of our Kinds,
largely
we
are fo Curious as to
that
we Bud
cannot be
our Trees
when
we know
are good.
BARBERRIES
are
are propagated
by Suckers or Layers
:
H
There
Form of
Ufe:
:
Leaves and
Fruits
VL
^
V
'
Tlate LXXIII.
It
That
makes a very handfome Hedge in the and very good Fence agafnft Cattle, ^c.
Fruit or Kitchen-Garden;
'
.4
\ \
-a
<
_>
P.
1/
'
The
Fruit -Gard
en
Itlufirated.
120
\
\
xxvt
r
Of
and
U
in their
on the
Wood,
as
t
Exan
laft
Year's
Wood
longer, fometimes and old, Years three of Branches laftly. others upon
Ic^s
But
for the
Ge
'h
moft of our
befl:
Kinds of
if skilfully ordered,
upon Branches
continue
fertile
many
Years
alter wards.
Now
Fruits in the to produce themfelves preparing Year fecond the in are Pears with thofe well furnifh'd be fiiould Kinds fuch all therefore i Year third
>
feveral Sorts of
Wood,
that >
having a
fruitful
fufficient
Quantity thereo
we may
that
become
by Time
9late LX. where Fig
IS
THIS
or Spi
)
is
exhibited in
lafl
Reprelc
tation of the
Year.
M O N, Leaf-Buds, STV
P
i
its with Courfo Pear, VkgouJee the of > Year's Shoot "third the in uc od pr are Fruits the whence from
to the Courfom
and
perfpire
away
s
THOSE
o
Courfins
MON
muft be
Seafon
Pruning a fiet
many Buds }
as
fh,
that in
one
130
one Year
after,
M
are very
N
dilated,
r
V.
Or
much
:
and prepared
for
producing
And
themfelves into
Bloflbms and
r-'
Leaves,
FigA,
11,
AND again,
become
fruitful,
Year,
when
their
Courfo
\.
For
/ /
whilll: the
its
Maturity at X, Fig.
III.
the
Buds
BlofToms
duced the
the
in
the
Time Nature
Bud P
an
on during
e Life
of
Tree
IT
very o ften
a ppens
that
it
run
wi
m
run
y
Autumn
prod
an
Autumn
Thus K,
Fig. Ill
which fhootin
Kin?une
and
-Autumn Shoot
Buds
muft be
:.
But
at the following
It
Autumn Shoots
entirely diiplaccd
'
.
-X
.}
is
fo very great as
not
be
eir
we muft'
either
difplace
one or more of
if
Roots,
any be)
or
which will
to;o
is
great a Quantity
the
of NourifTiment
that
Caufe of Luxuriancy
we
fliould obferve
Nature of
their
it
many Kinds
which
produce
their Fruits
Extremity of
in at full
may
ALL
and
upon Dwarfs
Efpaliers
but pur Winter Fruits Ihould have the very beft Walls and
afford the
Afpeds we can
m
4
THE
The
lUuJirated,
i5f
THE
e
feveral
TIates
LXf
LXXII
iriclufive
&c.
an
as for
Table
des
And
as
hav
here
uly
prefented
the
exad For
and
5
Mag
no
of
their
as their Seafons
Tabl e
there needs
more
feveral Defcrip
therefo
re fer
you to them
^n
Alphabetical
TABLE
X
the bell
Kinds of Pears ^
tn /
1
England, exhihiting
and Duration
their Seafons of
Gathering, Ripening
4.
When
he gathered.
to
N^
Eatable,
Duration.
rr
is
Ambret
St.
r
Fig.
-
I V.
V i^Hept,
Sept.
Felruary
Lxvr.
Andrew
Ill
LXXIL
4
Bordine
Musk
'Petit
Blanquet
~^f2iderry
m
in.
VI.
II.
June
Aug,
une
Duration LXl.
fmall
-
When
r
Duration LXI.
Lxvr.
Buree de
Roy
Sept,
ather
Endof
the
(9^(?J.|LXIV.
Buree Bro'Wn
Buree Winter
r
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Whe
ather
End of O^^^JlXIV.
ruary
r
LXX.
Lxvir.
Bergamot Winter
I
About
Aug.
after
one
Month
.
")
Bergamot Common
.1
after
'^^
gathering
LXV.
Lxvr.
Bergamot Bugy
^
V.
Sept.
**
t
A.
2)itto Swi/i
VIIIf*
Sept.
/o Hamdens
Bon-cretien Sum.
X
^
III.
Aug*
Two Two
three three
WeekslLXlIL
Weeks LXV.
A Day or
II.
Aug.
after gathr.
LXV.
LXIV.
S)itto
Autumn,
,r
VI
III.
Aug.
Sept.
Soon
aft'
gathr. j About
Weeks
^itto Golden
V
Sovemher
January
the
LXV HI.
End o
SDitto Winter
Tiitto Spanifi
Sept.
Sept.
LXVIIL
Lxviir.
II.
Catherine
Catherine
Kwal V. ^een V-
July
July
Soon aft'
Soon
aft'
gathr.
gathr.
fmall Duration
i
LXI L
fmall Duration
LXL
Crafan
2 3
QM
IVhen
to
Or,
'>
he
gather d.
Eatahle.
Duration.
ft
is
e xhiifiteX
>
'
i^%.
IV
Sept, 2 o,
Sept. 2o,
Middle of 0t.
after bein
eatable
LXV.
VNovember
[Until
Colmar
Cuifle
III
Sept.
o, 3
^ecemier
I
Until
Madam
III.
lOJ
Sept.
A Day or
ather
Three Weeks
Until Jpril
LXL
LXXIL
LXIII.
f-'
Double Bloflbm
JI.
o
I
T)ecemher
Doyenne
Epine d'Hyver
VII.
Sept. 3 o,
November
January
VI.
. II.
January
LXV
1 1.
Green Chizel
St.
20
Sept.
When
LXII.
Germain
20
1
November
January
I
LXVI.
Lxiir.
Mr.Hi/AifiCrop
Second
Jargonel
Aug. 24,
Sept.
IV.
oJ
loj
LXIII.
IV.
Lombard Pear
Laniac
a Fortnight
LXI.
a Fortnight
LXI V.
V.
Sec.
r
November
January,
February^
r
February
LXVHLXXII.
Martin
Meffirc
loADecemier
November
John
IV.
III.
Marquifs
i
.
,1
Sept. 3 Oj
LXIV. LXVIIL
The Day
Aug.
J
St.
Michael
Two
Days
ten
at
moft
LXXIL
LXIV.
'tis
ripe
II.
IV.
About Aug. 24, When gather d About Aug. 24, When gather'd
Sept.
Days
three
Weeks
I
LXV.
/
Royal d'Hyver
Rofe d'Ete
Sugart Vert
IV.
VI.
December
January^ February
LXVU.
July \7
Sept.
When When
Soon
I
gather'd
About
three
Weeks
LXL
LXIII.
"
Swans Egg
Sal V iati
IV
K
Sept.
20
aft'
LXIV.
15 or
Sept. 2 o,
Ditto
20 Days
|
LXIV.-
Sattin Pear
VI
Sept.
30 )
Ditto
Ditto
'
November^ December
LXVL
LttL
i\
--r
Vermillion
Virgoule
July \7 I
Sept.
About a Fortnight
W^
ao
Nov. Dec.
Soon aft*
End of January
m
<
LXVII
Verc Longuc
Sept. 1 o,
2)/o, Strip'd
Wind for
Soon
-
after
J.
July
o,
gather'd
About
three
Weeks
i
LXI.
THE
fti
1'
The
Fru it-Garden
beji
lUufirated.
133
The
The Black
'Pears for
are.
II.
"Plate
LXXI.
LXII.
LXX
'
Tear-Levsh, Fig.
III.
y/^?^
LXX.
'^Pickering's
'*-
EngUp
vind
St.Francis^Fig.Y-'PlateUn.
upon
their
own
(Fig
Stocks.
is
the
Portugal Pear
^tnce y
Plate UXIII.)
the
{Fig.
11.) 5
and
.=l
laftly, the
X
very worfl of
^
all is the
.n-
XXVll
LL
Of
ir
PPLES
and
their
y other
fufficienc
Kind of Tree j
Air; and
they require
no
furtl
Care.
THE
134-
O
rth
&C.
THE
folio wing >
beft
Kinds worth our Notice, for the Table and Kitchen, are the
ViZ.
*
Plate.
Eg.
Plate.
^ Api
*
^BosTAppLEfr'jHiiw.
LXXV. VL LXXVU.
IV.
III.
II.
Kitchen Apple
_
Kentish Pippin
VI.
III.
Codling
LXXIV-
Kentish Rennet
^
^ ^ ^ ^
corpendue
Calvile Acoute
LXXV.
LXXV. LXXV.
LXXVI.
ISKXMI.
|LiSTNiNG,orJuL7Ap. V.
.
Calvile Red
Calvile Royal
Monstrous Ren.
III.
LXXVUI
LXXV.
LXXIX. LXXVII. LXXVI.
\
VI. VI.
III.
V.
IV.
French Pippin
French Rennet
V.
II.
^ Fenellet
'
LXXV.
V.
VI.
VII.
^ Pearmain Loans
Pickering's Pearm.
Golden Pippin
IV.
II.
juniting
VII.
II.
LXXVU.
LXXIX.
LXXIX.
Pome-Roy
Russeting
Russet Wheelers
Stone Pippin
IV.
^ June Apple
KiRTON Pippin
VI.
V.
IV.
N.
.
B.
THOSE
when Grafted
and many
inferior
Countries
famous
for
that
Liquor,
being in general
much
to four
Kinds
fent
me
m
pted
2)evonJl:
,
the
Honourable
yet feen
3
Hugh
ftiall
which
in
have not
omit
their Defcriptions,
and
it
lieu^thereof give
the following
Account of thofe
4
Fruits, as I received
Gentleman.
\
,.:.(
wt
1
'-T
i
H
Curious
li
Curious
Of
the
moft
ValuabJ e
/)
E/^0 N HIRE.
INCE
(and
you have
fcen the
itfelf.
(y/^r^
fo
LXXVn.) which
very defervedly)
firft
fo very
much
celebrated
of
be in
frefh
every Body's
ceptable to
be unac-
you
The
is
om
firft
propagated,
:
a very
in
fair,
It ftands
a very
little
we
that
adeth from
Exeter to Oakhampton^
Way)
in the Parifli
:
of
St.
Thomas^ but
a Mile
Walk of
from Exeter
Sight of
will furnifii
any one,
who
it.
IT
-^
136
MON
IT
Or,
is,
Tree
rais'd
from the
"\
Kernel of fome other Apple, without having been ever Grafted^ and
in all probability,
flood
feventy Years
for
two
neighbouring
fince,
Parifli
of Whitjlone^
who died each of thtm feveral Tern C Number of Years now mentioned, declared,
firft
went
is
the
Road,
it
but,
what
tall
and flout
as
it
now
appears, (and
1
we may
1 3
rcafonably fuppofe
5
2 or
Years of Age)
it,
nor d
took
there appear
notice,:
f
as far as I
IT
is
a very conjlant and plentiful BcsiKr every other Year, and then
enow
to
Hogflieads of
Ga.I,lons
and
this
being
fi.xft
taken Notice
:
ofj
and
little
yields
an Hiftory which
to
believe
For the
Cot Houfe
which
it
it
bel on PS,
flands, bein
fincc
moirfg/jge3
of
this
Tree
its
Courfe of ibme Years, freed the Houfe and Garden and more valuable Self from that Burden which is wont to involve all
Eftates in
other
one
common
Ruin.
\
Mr. FRANCIS
I
Gentleman of the Neighbourhood and y^"^y miftake not, the Gentleman who had the Mortgage juft now men
(a
OLIVER
firft
tipn d)
Rough
Cyder, and for that Reafon purchafcd the Fruit of.this Tree every bearing Year: However, I cannot learn that he ever made
kfeparatemd
apart,
with other Apples, which notwithflanding added an Jd*mntage to his Cyder, with all thole who had any true Relifli
but
for that
wixd it
Liq
*-
WHETHER
fay, that
it
was thk or
2.ay other
Uotws,
cdnnot particularly
brought qn the more happy Experiment on this Apple. the Reverend Mr. Robert Woolcomle, (Redor of Whitjioney the
But
Parifh
before mention'd)
who
Nmfery, put on
fome
f,
n
^'
The
fome Heads of
JSIiirfery^
Fruit-Garden
WtUlng
5
lUuftrated.
37
'
this
after
an4
up, and
it
proved an
jlpph of
finding
it
Frmt, which
it
IVIr.
perfectly yo J, after
had
lain in the
"lA
Winter >
thought
it
it,
muft be a
And
the
having tafted
mod
er fea:
Somidnefs and
J
^kknefs^ but
now
of the
to
upon which
>
refolv'd
you know mu
be the
fome Years
They came
which
at length, and.
5
Reward was
a fmall Barrel
it,
of the Juice
exceeded
but his
much
greater
fat
all his
Expedatioiis,
Mr.
f "it
i
WOOLCOMBF
s 5
was nor a
it_cr
little
rleafed wlrh
it,
and talked
of Hogfhead an produced
it,
from Raillery
came
to Serionfnefs,
and
fell
to Admiration.
In the
it
Wine^ and as
a ppe ar
of the Name Wilding retained he Grafted, not Fruit > original Tree a of gave a Title he Sove fo others, all to fuperior as he thought it
and
raignty
to
It
and
hence
the
triumphant
I.
^late LXXVII.
THIS,
it
if I rightly
remember, was ab
6 Years
fince
now
but Juftment-Holder and Farmers and fome of the wifer Sale for enough that) do muft Time you know
yet (for
five
known
Guineas
refiifed
>
tho' the
common
Twenty
and the
South-Ham from
Thirty. to Twenty-five
fl
MUST
128
MON
MUST
Hoard
5
Or7
add, that
referved
fome of them
r
for
have
^ince
WHERE-EVER
South'Ham
to
it
er fealy
when
the Gentlemen of
Liquor, becaufe
we muft
yield
them
in
the
Apple
in their
Soil
But
it is
happy
they
are fo wrapt
up
own
Sufficiency^ that
5
Thoughts of
muft be
do any thing
I
to Purpofe, the'
fome of
their
_
them tranfported
and
well
thither,
(by Night
am you may
their
fome of
J
Shame,
I
of being mobbed by
rejoice in the
am
much
Produdion.
AM
am
%
perfonally acquainted
if
may be
here re
it is
you
fiom
his
perfedly
I
Cyder, that
with a Perfualion of the Excellency of the doubt not in the Courfe of twenty Years more, when
offefled
Gentlemen
tners
fliall
fhall
Fruit,
and
-
the Far-
have
with
it
alfo,
"
this
County will be
tho
rendered abun-
dantly happy in
and
whenever the
felf the Fruit
c'Der fliall
,
I affure
my
be out of Ufe)
his Statue
by
the
Hand
Road
may
publick
in the Place of
at the
comnion Charge of
County
of
e'Don.
^x
V
WHAT other
fay, becaufe
Fruits there
may be
in
can
7
any Appl
we
but
all
I will
Cyder equal
(not
the
thWbitfom {FigMl^PlateLXXVll)
on
1
The
lUuJirated.
139
and
as
That and
the
THE
in
any Kind
Tind
All the
The
Roughnefs^ and a
in
fine
Vmous Flavour
other Qualities
fome of
to
e
Ham Cyd
but the
pecul
Royal Wilding an
for it in
any oth
BEFORE
know,
that
it is
yet leave
Royal Wildings
lc(s
muft
furth
let
you
Name
J
which the
original
Tree ftand
which
Red-Hill
THIS Name
it is
is
injurious,
is
ufed
among
it
us
iii
a Senfe of 2)iminutiony at
plain there
is
leaft,
not of Reproach
or was
not
fo,
nothing in that
^
Name
which
dcfervedly
hath to
all
AND
for
this
other
Name,
as I faid,
is
alfo
maccurate, becaufe
rathet
them
know,
(as
bef(
an Jpple than a Crah ( of which, however, fince you have For you > your felf may judge) muft furthe r you
that tho'
call the
we
Word Jppk
for the
whole Kind y
as Horfes^
we
as well
Mares
more
e
when we
Ipeak
Word Apph
is
in Oppofitxon
commonly
however,
and
ordinarily
groweth
Trees
^
in our Hedge-Rows,
I
make very
this <very
large
and very
lafting
finely ftreak'd
and
in
my
is
Neighbourhood
one Tree o
f
and
It
IS
ever
&w
or heard
WHILST
140
O
WHIST
was
I have thus
N
to
Or
had occafion
it
not be.improp
rm you
em
for
may Cyd
commonly
know n
and
fufFer'd to fall
he eaten hy the
eat
their Harfhnefs)
now
they
much
my Op
do much
than
Cyd y when mix'd with other when pounded by themfehes. The firft Difcovery of their
better as
an Ingrediejjt
Ufefulnefs
tailed J
was
the
for Vinegary
which.
when
proved
much
Country
HOWEVER,
larger than the
there
is
much
fmaller Sort
y
of Crab with
us,
not
7
Top
of
Th um
we
them only
to
make Vinegar.
It
YOUwi
this Place,
firft faid
may
bey think
all
k improper
if I take Notice to
IS
you
J
that
Cyder made
as
upon
may
found to be excellently
There
a Gentleman in the
Neigh
which
large Plantations
of them
d moft
did
I
meet
Flavour of the Royal Wilding and Whitfour-y nor any Wilding, (nor indeed in any other Apple) ex
om,
of which
I jflhall
fay fomething
HAVE
thefe
only to add concerning the Royal Wilding, that with twelve or fourteen Years believe more than 200,000 of the
This
l>}eighloimng Counties
fince,
3
r
and.
if
miftake
heard about
3
two Years
fome of them
fay if they
were
fent for
from rorkjh
ould
be
The
be tranfplanted
pYohabk
as
Fruit-Garden
to the
lUnfirated.
I4.
Rhhiey
w liich
5
how
for a
IS
not a Itog
carrii
tm
you
Gentleman who
I
f( #
have before
that
faid >
two
exceeds) aflured
me,
when he had
much
it,
whofe Expecla
tafted
of
this
much
It
raifed
when he had
cried out.
He found
much
as
It
nothhig in
it^
for
^as
AND
know
as
thus
for
the
felf
RoyaJ Wilding
am now
let
you
>
much
}
my
as
do of
its
only Rival
the Whitfo
Whitefo
fpell
lefs
you
pleafe)
will find
I
have much
at
it,
to lay^ than
am
County which
chiefly produceth
many
of the Things
THIS
tnxjo
is
fall
very ioo
is
Th
w
you)
they
:
call the
is
why
XKT
fo called
in
cannot
tell
the fmalleft
there
my
3
many
Years iince,
4inJLJL4tri o\i2
ome
other Part of
County
common
we now
we think
we
in the
South-Ham, but
Years in ten fo bad or Reputation, eight that the thefe within until
Cyder of them
Value
lefs
of Gentleman a
THE
precifely the
Royal Wilding 5
and
hav e
was an Ear-Witnefs.
for
^ the Year
w^ere
14.2
O
were very celebrated,
Clarets
(for
N
in
Or,
like
thofe
of the
*
and TortSy
different Tears)
who was
a happy Pofleffoi
and
Lord,
facile 'Princeps^
of the
latter
you may be
had been
was produced,
as the beft
:
taflied at the
other Gentleman's
Conteft
e
Each Gentlem
did
IS
his
was
Beji
Cyder
>
fuch the
in
Ge
/
our County)
own was
the worft
the
-
Ham
declared in
mean
time, the
d-ecide
Company
Contro
Whitfo
the
e
ftrideft Juftice)
But
thofe
who had
tailed each
their
as far as they
THE Manner
tufb^
and
thofe
is
in
itfelf
H:
Its
true
Cyders
I
which hav
the
(and
for
any thing
know
the Cafe
fame with
AppI
Juices)
grow harder
on
the Grofs
we
therefore chuf^
to rack
them from
we
perceive
fome
tolerable
is
or
more
diflurbed Weather)
foft
two, three
four
Day
will
Cyd
the
more
frequently
w
you rack
it
it
to three
Times only 5
the weaker
Cyd
not bear
above twice
BYth Method
o Repi
z I
>
and
can learn, the Whitfour was have within thefe ten Day tafted
far as I
firft
brought
of that
Cyd
made
this
twelve
Month s,
bottled lafl
Summer, and perfedly^^^^ which was as fweet and mellow as tho' it had come that Morning from the Pound and under all that Honey^ it had all the Roughnefs and Boldnefs which is the Glory of our Cyder :
only
The
Fru
Ga H DE N
lUuJlrated.
143
may
may be
acceptable to a
ever ofFcnfive to a
hid and
generous Weft"
WHAT
of
late Years
:
have
now
faid
all
that
Reputation which
hath gotten of
be) prove un
fliort
may
acceptable.
THE
have
Gen
ever drank
Church and King^ was ftopp'd from France by was imoo ffibl e they
it
Revoli
i
live
without
D
>
as impoffibl
in
fair
Bourdeaux
of Drink) an
own
Fruit.
and
fuccefsful
Thought >
found
a
free
their rougher
much mended,
Trade with
-jC'i
ij*
r.
France^z.^ naw~aa
w ould
may
venddk, Bourdeaux
itfelf
of
it.
WHILST
hard many
am
fay.
in Perfon a that
my
Neighbourhood,
who had
it
itj
the Whitfc
Fruits,
Or
by mixing
That
with other
or for
want o
Ifing
its
the talent
of proclaiming
he never
unlefs
tributed
it
toward s
carefully.
you watch
>
and
very
this
take
its firft
Sep
m
from
difficult
ill
grofler
Ly
(which WJ 11 be
it fine
few Days)
tho' whether
I
after
And
(and
no be would perhaps
this
3
Rule to be obferv'd
his
in
all
the ftronger
9
Cyd
found
was
fuch Cafes
know
I
are frequently to be
alivay
it fo,
do not remember
WHAT
144
M
WHAT I have now
drawing
it
ON A
Or,
[aid
is
from one
cloje
if
know
it
to be the Pradice of
many Gen
contain
(that
y
by
getting a
ery larg e
Fat
which wi
call
it,
will, tho
flhall
rain ft
in
w
at the
Pound
n
at
le(i s
than a
Day
to
at the
Top, and
in a
Day
or
two more
moft, to
it^
it
grow very
thick
and
as foon as
little
draw
a
you
fuifer
to continue Ion
the
Heady which
and
is
away at
letting
the
Bottom >
of ^zjirft Racking
But
\
your
continue longer or
Time on
your
a
thefe
Lyes
in
harden or foften
after
it
at
Pleafure, as
you
may by
is
Rackings
is
but
this is
Method which
endure^ (as
two Rackings
moft
all
they can
Body and Sp
THERE
is
thcjfc
Cyd
is
which concerns
their
Time of
The
that
I
but
muft
own
lejl^
and
in thz greatefl
have indeed heard of Cyd Cyder (and parti particularly fome CrahCyder) which is not drinlalJe the Jirjt Year, but mellows and groweth excellent the fecond or third 5 but I never had
I
the
Pleafure of
making
the Experiment
however,
(unlefs
there
be fome
me tangere
the
firft
Years) I will
any other
tho' I
RoyaJ Wilding and Whitjbur will keep good as long as muft repeat it, they are never as good in any of die
firft,.
'^
LET
^
dB3>
The
FRUiT-GARbEN
I
1
IHuftrated.
45
LET
tliat I
me,
to
dole
Account of
thefc
liave feen
Bourdemix and
>
:n
^gleffed
L
before
them
an
ha\
thoIc
1
Cyders.
AND
Meadeate
r
fo
much
for
You
:
dc fired
bfe
alfo informed
of the Mediate^ or
our
common
fent
)
tell
Peopl
>
T
pronounce
I
L
Th e
Size
faid
Appl e
tfelf
hath bee
nly
it
d therefore
r
nothin
alfo
>
&.
muft
is
you (which
fliould
have
a very conftant
pknuftil
\
nor
is ic
'^^
as liable
'
to
Blights as
%
mo
f
1.
f'
>
THE Juices of
Colour
i
it
have
of,
all
the
the
two
other
the
fame Golden
Flavour
but, alas
dijl'tnguljloing
is it
thofe Unparallerds
]
itfelf
ever,
Art
as I
could
never yet
Maftcr
fomc Cyder
this Sort,
but had
been
to talk with
the
Maker
himfelf,
imagine
:
I
is
fliould
I
have found
it
This
it is
fure,-
that
by Means
Body and
J
excellent Roughnefs^
in Cyde'i*, tngredtent excellent an and becomes Nature. quicker and brisker a with Fruit of
T
5
is
commonly
faid to
have
its
Name
from a
Meadow
call
Gate^
ft
ear
which
/
firft
flood
for
(I
in the
ar
a Afead
laft
Miead
the
-;--
know
d by
not
how
convey
to
Spelling)
the fame
Way
of fpeaking
Gate a Teate
9
Lawyers
common Pronunc
wnic
IS
eafily
a (Tea
mo
*r-
0m
11^6
O
into Meadeatey
O N A:
1
Or,
and
that as eafily
into
ufi
pronounce
tatiofi
Faa
only
or
and
I
Account
it.
take
upon me to
affirm
am
)r
*tis
more inclind
think the latter^ becaufe I never hear the Farmer^ or Ejlate^ or Varijh
laid to
be
ori-
ginally
of
that
Country) where
it
this
Meadow
we
can
was,
-or
how
long fince
begun to be propagated
all
which
you have
before feen
THE
wete but
f%
it
is
common
in the
r
Orchards
late there
of feveral Farmers,
io.'^
of thofe Farmers
kt any
great Value
on them
THESE
/
are
of Aptlt
County, which do
You
fince
defire
of
me
further
an Account of Ibme
and in
that alfo I
They were
when
the
fit
Produce of fome
to be tranfplanted,
my
Tree
them
is
various, moftly
^fmaller
mean
the
us)
Apple
in
Cyd
coriftant
Rule among
(I
and generally
Red and
many of them
much
from the Kernels of the felf-fam Apples, > you fcnow we have always very different Sorts of Fruit
unltk
for
r
BESIDES
thcfe
fome
5
other T>iffi
of
lefs
Note to be obferv'd
^the
Wildings
the Fruit (^
fome few of
Trees
is
confiderabl
hrg
than that
is
Wildings
others
\
of the Generality of the others (which like moft fmall) and fome of them 'are more ftreak'd with Red than
:i
HAD
'm
The
Fr
Ga RD IN
Illufirated.
47
HAD
until the
tlicm
ty
thcmfelves,
a
afforded
Fified^
mc
whole
^ipe of
to
which,
about Fehrumy^
my
no fmall Pleafure
my
felf,
ravifh'd the
Ttties
Palm fiom
the
Royal
Wildi tng
the
the Flavour of
therefor^ to
in particular
delicate,
5
A
it
t
Name was
was well
be thought of
.
young Fondling
and
(as
you
will
fee prefently)
this
at that
Time
A Gentleman
confulted
on
on
the
Subjed of
his nevf
him
Name
no
Room
:
for
him to go
of the
Royal Wilding
5
And
Roonl
for
this
Purpofe
for
firft
biit firiding
yet left
1
and
be
yet an
Ope
his
left
for
Mr. Woolcomhe to
exceJd thatz^i^
at:
there reftedTecure,
in
own
Pedigree from
Jdam
and Eve.
4
"'NOR
are
you
to
be
furpriz'd if
you think
this
Title
(kt
it
toV^
the celebrated
in
am
fatisfied
:
of fuch Liq
their
Lives
You
make
of
did not
'r.
them.
/
*.
created
Smile
Name
^nd
my
Houfe, (which
Tynes) and to
is
the
common
Story of the
faid to
be the>i^/
and cxqui
Flavour that
detcrmin'd
be
called the
Tyne Appl
by
eith
of thefe Names
-f
148
Names
'
O
it is
N
3
#
t
Or
indifferently
talked of.
Ion
ince dra n
out 5
yeif
when
bring more
it
felf
?
there.
**
ir
,^
HAD
fummon'd
and
his
own Royal
and
The
which he was
one
prefent,
it
was
plainly perceiv'd
:
every
occafion'd
no fmall Diverfion
He
pronounce
of
his
why
might well be
to that
:
the Force of
e:^-
Truth
^^<5?^^
And,
this
was
injijted
from him)
at that
Time/
as well
in ^ regard
the Allowances
there
own Progeny,
promoted
and molt
J
Apple.
flMH
',
'^--g
"r
m n(h n r:^^huncmYxrcfaaTrpm
let
rhefe
Triumphs
of
my own
:
Wilding, and
I faid
it
was
affigned to
in the
junliure of
l
being in the
Cask
it,
for after
it
the
Advance of
the
Juices appeared
partook too
much
whence
excellent
it
Name
It
you
and
will, frisking,
Native Majejly
in
and
Solejmiity
and from
that
Time was
re-eftabhfh'd
the full
Woolcomhe.
*
.
ijh
fl'
1'
YOU will
this
your
felf
take
that the
be promoted
as the
latte
whereas to
make
had.
I
in the Collection
muft be
The
J
ISuftrated,
149
fi4c7j
tliefe
^figly
would make
Cyd
Ik
I
I
much
fay
would make very good I do not doubt) whether among them there may be ojje or more, which
(jueftion^
tried Jeparately,
might afford a
I
nice
of
e%
hitherto k
any Reafon
I
Experiment
difcover the
\
had.
ou know
it
Event
m
out two Orchards with Wildings,
HAVE
lately planted
torn
we
call
th^) of
that
the
me
Opportunity for
hitherto fiiewn J
Experiment
to
a
Th
a
will,
eems
good Found
for
Wildings of one
chiefly
Sort or another,
future^
be
bel
ted
among
an
the Kernels
of the Red-Jireak
not
why
they might
^il^cefs
that to
d others of them
gpV.< fn igh t:^e~~n lacjg
Cyd
>
know
not
who
can
or even
Sorts
Royal Wilding
that
fin
the
of new Appl
are to
be
raifed
from Kernels,
plainly Numherlefs
To
muft
in
make
the
this
laft
Account o
Place
our
Cyd
fix
as
compl
Sort,
as
can >
been heard of
among
7
more than
3
or feven Years
as far as
:
The Name
can learn >
is
of
hiJI:
Cockag
Cackag
I, as
the
Word >
which
well as you,
the
am no
I
Critick)
The
in
Fruit
orl
that
Country
it
About
firjl
fixt<
am
rightly informed)
was
broug
over>
in Somerfetjlj
it
Some Gentlemen of
five, fix,
new
to
make
ght
or
fro
ight
Cyd
told
to
the
own
Tables,
fell,
am
from four to
Pounds an Hogihead
<iS
\
GEN
*^
150
O M O N
;
A,
d-c.
'
GENTLEMAN
favour
d me
I
fo
to bring
feme of the
*
*
fb decay'd, that I
The
Wine)
feveral
Cyde
of French Whit
have
tafted
of
it
from two
an
the Gentlemen
juft
now
and
mentioned
r
-r
land
as the
Sight
might deceive a
curious
Eye
e
for
Wine:
uor.
feemeth
alfc
might p be very
but
and would
intoxicate y
wanting the generous Roughnefsy and even thtjine and delicate Flavour
(notwithftanding
its
mnous Relifh)
j
as
it
is,
in
my Op
(and
'
_
of
the
many
Icfs
-^
'I
Degrees
iferior to thofe
and
grateful
t^he
/
Stomach
HAVE
'#
lately
ha
they will
fet
make with
I affure
may
you
and becaufe
the Cyd<
for
ever intend to
make of them.
*
/ am
\
i
Pynesy
Novemht
.
10, 1727
11
.;.*'
^^
^.
^
"
M
^
^.
HUGH STAFFORD.
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