VAPOUR PRESSURE LAB

DIRECTIONS

1. Download the Reversible Reactions sim from either the PhET website (linked on Edline) or from the classroom computer. 2. Use the prompts below to prepare your write-up for your e-portfolio. You are expected to prepare a prose-style write-up that shows what you know. Include evidence such as data tables, screen shots, or even links to other websites to support your writing.
BACKGROUND

Discuss what chemical equilibrium is, and why it is considered a dynamic process. Forward reaction reverse reaction An equilibrium can only be done if a forward and reverse reaction are present. This consequently means that a reaction or dissociation can be reversed to allow the initial compounds and elements to be produced. Therefore the reactants for one reaction are the products of another. The two reactions challenge one another until an equilibrium is met. When this equilibrium is met then the rates of both the forward and the reverse reaction are equal, they may have not subsided and stopped to 0 but the rates are equivalent to one another. Similarly concentrations of both the forward and reverse reactions remain constant. There is dynamic equilibrium and static equilibrium. When this equilibrium is met all processes and reactions subside which means that all reactants shall remain reactants and all products remain products and consequently the rate of reaction is 0 (known as static equilibrium). However in dynamic equilibrium processes remain after equilibrium is met. Therefore reactions still take place but equilibrium is still achieved because when the reactant side becomes slightly more favored, then the products side gains more concentration taking compounds away from the favored side to allow balance. Therefore for vapor pressure when a molecule becomes gaseous then another molecule will have to compensate and become liquid once more. Consequently in this scenario where a liquid is changing to gas and gas to liquid to achieve equilibrium it is a dynamic equilibrium as the reactants and products can still change states and react.
COMPARE AND CONTRAST THE RELATIVE ABUNDANCIES OF REACTANTS (LEFT SIDE) AND PRODUCTS (RIGHT SIDE) AT DIFFERENT POINTS OF TIME

INSTRUCTIONS

Investigate, using available tools in the simulation, the effect of a change in temperature, # of balls or activation energy on the Krg.
EXPERIMENTAL QUESTIO N

How increasing molecule B affect the ratio of molecules A:B after 30 seconds the additional A molecules are added
VARIABLES INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

The number of B molecules added into the equilibrium reaction.

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

The concentration (number of molecules) for both A molecules and B molecules after 30 seconds.
CONTROLLED VARIABLES

New molecules enter the reaction at a temperature of 500K; Activation energy will remain throughout as 20cm; number of initial molecules 6 of both A and B.

TABLE
TALBE 1: THE AFFECT UPON THE RATION OF A:B MOLECULES WHEN A MOECULES ARE ADDED TO THE REACTION

The Affect Upon the Ratio of A:B Molecules when A Molecules are Added to the Reaction Added A Number of A Number of B Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average molecules molecules molecules (A : B) (A : B) (A : B) (A : B) 0 6 6 5:7 5:7 6:6 5.33 : 6.67 10 16 6 13 : 9 10 : 12 10 : 12 11 : 11 20 26 6 21 : 11 22 : 10 19 : 13 20.67 : 11.33 30 36 6 30 : 12 26 : 16 25 : 17 27 : 15 40 46 6 37 : 15 31 : 21 32 : 20 33.33 : 18.67

TABLE 2: AVERAGE RATION OF A AND B MOLEC ULES AFTER 30 SECOND S.

Average Ration of A and B Molecules after 30 seconds A 6:6 16 : 6 26 : 6 36 : 6 46 : 6 B

5.33 11 20.67 27
33.33

6.67 11 11.33 15 18.67

GRAPH
GRAPH 1: THE AVERAGE RATION OF A AND B MOLECULES AFTER 30 SECONDS

Average Ration of A and B Molecules after 30 seconds

20 18 16 14

B Molecules

12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

A Molecules

CONCLUSION

This illustrates that even though there were more A molecules than B after 30 seconds, many of the initial A molecules that were added did convert to B molecules. This was because there was an increase in the frequency of collisions therefore there was an increase in collisions that possessed the right energy and orientation. Therefore there was an increase in the product which A produces (B). Consequently as more A molecules are used up to produce B molecules

the concentration decreases for how many A molecules there are whilst it increases for the B molecules. Therefore in each case the number of B particles after 30 seconds exceeded the initial number of molecules (6). This corroborates with Le Chateliers principle in which the key principle is that if one side changes and then this change will be compensated. In this case as there was more A molecules there was a decrease in A molecules and an increase in B molecules to compensate for the excessive amount of A molecules added.