Review for Test #1 Humanities 110

How to use this guide. Your first test will be an objective test on all of the readings and materials covered in Unit 1. This is for your use onlyyou do not submit this for a grade. Since we have used so many resources, I have put together a guide for some of the important concepts, definitions, and trends we have considered so far. What follows are the broad areas you should review, including my notes, your notes, and the readings we have done (especially the article by Thomas Friedman). Technology History, Definitions, etc. 1. What are the two ways that technology can be defined? 2. What was the need that probably drove primitive cavemen to use technology for the first time? 3. What is the relationship to science to technology? What are the two uses of science? 4. What is Maslows hierarchy? How is it important in understanding technology? 5. What are the three major shifts in the history of technology? 6. The invention of the printing press was important for its contribution to what two movements? 7. What was the Reformation? The Renaissance? What did they contribute to the development of technology? 8. What was the Agricultural Revolution? What were its causes and its effects? 9. What was the Industrial Revolution? What were its causes and its effects? 10. Know the general trends of technology. (For example, in general, it continues to be cheaper, faster, better, more accessible, and more complex. What are some other trends we have discussed about technology?) What is globalization? 1. What are the two factors driving globalization? 2. How many times has the global economy increased in the last 50 years? 3. From Friedmans article: a. What does he mean by flatism? b. What are the two factors which he says led to flatism? c. What do these terms mean: supply chaining, insourcing, outsourcing, offshoring? d. Which two countries have benefited most by globalization? Why? e. What are the 3 gaps that he identifies which America must cope with? 4. Why are Walmart and China important in understanding globalization? What is the connection between the two? Population, Energy, and the Environment 1. Why are the interconnection of globalization, the growth of world population, and energy use important to how technology develops and is used? 2. Review population statistics, including the following:

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Know the estimated population of the world today (in billions) Know the estimated population of the USA today (in millions) What is the estimated population in North Carolina? When will the world population reach 9 billion? How many billion people can the world sustain at the current US standard of living? 8. How does the population increase according to Thomas Malthus? 9. Which language is spoken more often than any other in the world? 10. What are the three largest countries in land area in the world? Energy facts and figures 1. The US is approximately ____ of the worlds population and uses about _____ of its energy. 2. Why do Americans use more energy in proportion to the rest of the world? 3. What does the USA use the most energy for? 4. How has the source of energy changed over time? 5. How many planets would it take if everyone used as much energy as Americans? 6. What are the two major sources of the energy we use in the USA? 7. What are fossil fuels? Which fossil fuel does America have more of than any other? 8. How long could the reserves of this fuel last? 9. What are the advantages and disadvantages of fossil fuels, especially petroleum? 10. What are the trends in our use of fossil fuels? 11. What is renewable energy? What is non-renewable energy? 12. What % of our needs is supplied by renewable energy? 13. Where are two areas in North Carolina where wind power may be practical? 14. What are five kinds of renewable energy? 15. What percentage of electricity is generated from nuclear energy? What are its advantages and disadvantages? Why havent we built a new USA nuclear plant in 25 years? 16. What are the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen as an alternative energy source? Climate Change 1. What do the words ecosystem and ecology mean? What is biodiversity? 2. What is habitat destruction? What are the trends about this issue? a. Why is this important in a course about technology and society? b. What is deforestation and desertification? c. What do rainforests contribute to the global ecosystem? 3. What is global warming? Climate change? 4. How are global warming and climate change different? 5. What is the greenhouse effect and how is it connected to global warming? 6. What are the effects of climate change? 7. What are the hottest two years on record? 8. What is the IPCC? What is its mission? What is the name of the report the commission wrote in 2007?

9. What is the major point of the article Ice Memory? 10. What is an example of how climate change could directly impact eastern North Carolina? 11. What is one explanation of why winters are so brutal if the earth is warming overall? China: A Perspective 1. Where does China rank in these areas compared to the rest of the world? Population Land mass (area or size) Economic power 2. How has China gained an unfair advantage over its trading partners? 3. What has been the result of this unfair advantage? 4. What are the potential impacts of China on these areas: Developing technologies such as clean energy Pollution Environmental damage 5. Why is the rare earth mineral embargo by China so important to us?