SKEMA JAWAPAN UNTUK KERTAS 2 ( KIMIA) 2013 Nombor Soalan 1(a)(i) (ii) (b)(i) (ii) (iii) (c )(i) JAWAPAN

Model B Model A 12 2.4 Group 1/ Kumpulan 1 Period 2/ Kala 2 ( reject Kala II) Isotop has the same proton number but different nucleon number Isotop mempunyai nombor proton yang sama tetapi nombor nukleon yang berlainan ( bilangan neutron yang berlainan) To detect age of fossil/Menentukan umur fosil MARKAH 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

(ii) (d)

Number of electrons and shells correct with nucleus labelled ( 1) The sharing is shown (1)

Nombor Soalan 2(a)(i) (ii) (b)(i)

Jawapan

Markah

H2 = Molecule , Na = Atom, ZnCO3 = Ion Zn2+, Cl( both correct)

ZnCO3 ZnO + CO2

FORMULA of the product and reactant correct = 1 Chemical equation balanced =1

1, 1 , 1 1 2 2

(ii)

CO2 Ratio Given value Change to mole Unknown 1 240 cm3

ZnCO3 1

240 = 0.01 mol 24000 ( 1 mark) 0.01 x rmm ZnCO3 = 0.01 x ( 65 +12 + 48) =1.25 g ( 1 mark)
Carbon 80 80 12 =6.67 6.67 = 6.67 =1 Hydrogen 20 20 1 =20 20 6.67 = 2.99 = 3

(c)

Percentage No of moles ( 1 markah) Simplest ratio

Empirical formula = CH3 ( 1 markah) Molecular formula =( CH3) n = 30 12n + 3n = 30 15 n = 30 n=2 Molecular formula = (CH3) 2 = C2H6 ( 1 markah)

Nombor Jawapan Soalan 3 (a)(i) Substance that ionised in water to form hydroxide ion

Markah 1

(ii) (iii)

Bahan yang mengion dalam air menghasilkan ion hidroksida ( reject dissolve atau larut) Weak alkali : X Strong acid : R If give name, don accept because did not read the question
Acid that ionised completely in water to produce high concentration of hydrogen ion Asid yang mengion lengkap dalam air menghasilkan kepekatan hydrogen ion yang tinggi Example : Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid, The higher the concentration of hydrogen ion, the lower the pH value Lebih tinggi kepekatan hydrogen ion, lebih rendah nilai pH From pink to colourless

2 1 1

(b) (c)(i) (ii) (iii)

1 1 1 2

H+ + OH -

H2 O

Number of moles of R solution = 10 x 0.1 = 0.001 mol ( 1 mark) 1000 Number of moles of Y solution = 20 x x = 0.001 1000 X = 0.001 x 1000 =0.05 moldm-3 ( 1mark) 20
Jawapan
From electrical energy to chemical energy SO4
2-, -

Nombor Soalan 4. (a) (b)(i) (b)(ii) (i)

Markah
1 1 1 1 1 1 3

OH ( both must be correct) Cu

Cu2+ + 2e

From magnesium to copper

(ii) (iii) (d)

Mg

Mg 2+ + 2e

Increases

Blue colour intensity of copper (II) sulphate remain the same in cell P (1) dan decreases in cell Q (1) Keamatan warna BIRU di sel P adalah sama ( 1) Tetapi keamatan warna BIRU di sel Q berkurang(1) In cell P, the rate of copper(II) ion discharged in cathode is the same as the rate of ionisation of copper(II) ion in anod but (1) or Di sel P, kadar penghasilan ion Kuprum(II) di anod sama dengan kadar ion kuprum(II) dinyahcas di katod ( 1 m) ATAU in cell Q, copper(II) ion from the electrolyte is discharged at cathode (1) Di sel Q, ion kuprum(II) dari elektrolit dinyahcaskan To allow the movement of ions through it Membenarkan pengaliran ion melalui nya

(e )

Nombor soalan 1(a)

jawapan

Markah

Diagram functional (1 ) Must have the following :spirit lamp,ethanol,Thermometer,Copper can,Water,Dashlined for water Diagram labelled Spirit lamp, thanol,thermometer,copper can, water (1) marks (b)

( c )(i) (ii)

C2H5OH +3 O2 2CO2 + 3H2O Correct formula of reactant and product Balanced equation 250 x ( 59-29) x 4.2 = 31500 J 30.5-26.82 = 3.68 g Number of moles = 3.68 = 0.08 mol 46
Heat of combustion = 1 x 31500 = 393750 =- 393.750 kJ mol-1 0.08

1 1

(iii)

1 ( unit correct and if no negative sign , okkkk) 2

(iv)

Energy
C2H5OH + O2 H = - 393.75 kJ/ mol CO2 + H2O

Show the arrow with the word energy and going down (1) Chemical eq correct (1) Value wrong OK

(d)

1. USE WINDSHIELD ( GUNAKAN PENGADANG ANGIN) 2. MAKE SURE THE FLAME TOUCHES THE BOTTOM OF THE METAL CAN 3. STIR THE WATER IN THE METAL CONTINUOUSLY

ANY ONE 1 MARK

Nombor Soalan Jawapan 6(a) A: Fermentation (Penapaian) B: Hydration ( Penghidratan) (b) C6H1206 2CO2

+ 2C2H5OH

Markah 1 1 2

Formula of reactant and product correct Balanced chemical equation must be balance
(c ) (d)(i) (ii) (e) (i) Phosphoric acid Acidified potassium manganate (VII) Acidified potassium dichromate (VI) From purple to colourless From orange to green Ethyl propanoate Etil propanoat 1 1 1 1

(ii)

7(a)(i)

1. Puri tomato digunakan sebagai ejen pewarna untuk memulihkan warna makanan. 2. Gula/rempah digunakan sebagai agen perasa untuk meningkatkan rasa makanan. 3. Kanji ubahsuai yang dibenarkan digunakan sebagai pemekat untuk memekatkan makanan.

(ii) Kelebihan: 1. Untuk mengelakkan makanan daripada rosak 2. Untuk memperbaiki rupa, tekstur, atau rasa makanan. Keburukan: Membawa kepada penyakit serius seperti asma dan kanser (b) Bahagian A adalah hidrofobik: Larut dalam minyak atau gris Bahagian B adalah hidrofilik: tidak terlarutkan dalam minyak atau gris / laruh dalam air (c) Air liat mengandungi Mg2+ dan Ca2+ ion. Detergen tidak membentuk kekat dalam air liat. Sabun membentuk kekat dalam air liat. Mg2+ dan Ca2+ dalam air liat bertindak balas dengan

10

sabun. Molekul sabun terdiri daripada bahagian hidrofobik dan hidrofilik. Bahagian hidrofobik melarut dalam minyak Bahagian bidrofilik larut dalam air. Semasa menyental / membilas kotoran berminyak / kotoran ditanggalkan Kain dalam eksperimen II/detergen adalah lebih bersih daripada kain dalam eksperimen I. Detergen dalam air liat adalah lebih berkesan daripada sabun.

8(a)

Rate of reaction is the change in quantity of reactant or products against time Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

(b)(i)

2 3

No of moles of magnesium = 0.2 x 24000 = 200 cm3 24 (ii) Volume of hydrogen gas/ cm3 III

II

I Time

(iii)

Exp I : 200/50 = 4 cm3/s Exp II : 200/20 = 10 cm3/s Exp III : 200/15=13.33 cm3/s Experimen I dan II Rate of reaction in experiment III higher than 1 Concentration of HCl IS higher in experiment II compare of experiment I Number of hydrogen ion perunit volume is higher in experiment II compare to experiment I Frequency of effective collision between the magnesium atom and hydrogen ion is higher

(iv)

Experiment II and III Rate of reaction in Experiment III is higher in experiment II .

Presence of catalyat lower the activation energy More zinc atom and hydrogen ion will collide. Frequency of effective collision increase

9(a)(i)

II 2SO2(g) + O2 (g) 2SO3 (g) III SO3 (g) + H2SO4 (l) H2S2O7 (l) IV H2S2O7 (l) + H2O (l) 2H2SO4 (l)
II : Vanadium (V) oxide, 450 C , 1 atm This is not done in industry because SO3 reacts too violently with water. This produce a lot of heat and a large cloud of sulphuric acid, H2SO4 mist. The mist is corrosive, pollutes the air and is difficult to condense. A composite material is a structural material that is formed by combining two or more different substances such as metal, alloys, glass, ceramics and polymers.

(ii) (iii)

1 1

b)

(ii)

A fibre optics cable consists of a bundle of glass or plastic threads that are surrounded by a glass cladding. Fibre optic is a composite material that is able to transmit data, voice and images in a digital format Low material costs High transmission capacity Chemically stable Less susceptable to interference

In pure copper, the atoms can slide upon one another easily. In bronze, the tin atoms that has different size disrupt the arrangement of copper atoms. Hence, the sliding of copper atoms is more difficult Untuk kuprum yang tulen, atom menggelongsor antara satu sama lain dengan mudah tetapi dalam gangsa, atom stanum yang berlainan saiz mengganggu susunan teratur atom kuprum susah atom kuprum susah menggelongsor

10.

a) Rusting occurs faster in the presence of salt solutions in sea water. Salt solution increases the electrical conductivity of water. (b) Step

1m 1m

10.

Reagent added Bromine/ Chlorine water

Observation Brown bromine water turns colourless/ The pale green iron(II) solution turns yellow [1m] Brown iron(III) solution turns pale green/ Green precipitate is formed which is soluble in Fe3+ + eexcesssodium hydroxide solution [1m ]

Ionic equation

Fe2+

Fe3+ + e-

I [1m] Zinc/ Magnesium powder

[ 1m]

II

Fe2+ [1m]

[1m]

(i)

Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6eIron(II) Sulphate

2Cr3+ + 7H2O

1m

(ii)

1m

Any reasonable answer is accepted. (c) At the negative terminal: Iron(II) ion releases one / loses one electron and is oxidised to iron(III) ion Fe2+ Fe3+ + eThe green coloured solution of iron(II) sulphate turns brown The electron flows from the negative terminal// carbon immersed in iron(II) sulphate solution to the positive terminal// carbon immersed in potassium dichromate(VI) solution At the positive terminal: Dichromate (VI) accepted electron and turn to chromium (III) and is reduced to chromium ions, Cr3+ Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e2Cr3+ + 7H2O 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m

1m

The orange coloured of chromium (VI) turns to green colour of chromium(III) The deflection of the galvanometer needle shows that there is a flow of current

1m 1m Maximum marks: 20 marks