COMBUSTION CALCULATIONSNTP: 25 C, 1 bar

NTP (25 C, 1 bar) put 1, ntp (0 C, 1 atm) put 2:

mol %
0.00
98.00
1.00
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.10
0.60
99.30
100.00

species
H2
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
C5H12
C6H14
CO2
N2
fuel %
total %

oxy
ex air
28.89
57.26
10.98
2.87
3.50
1.49

16.37 g/mol
0.02479 m3/mol
0.66028 kg/m3

kWh/mol
HGCV 0.2485
HNCV 0.2241
Hnom 0.2503

/kg
15.19
13.69
15.29

m3 NTP/mol
0.2373
0.2622
0.0498
0.0748

/kg
14.50
16.02
3.04
4.57

dV for lambda =
m3 NTP/mol
O2
0.0025
N2
0.0094
air
0.0119
off
0.0119
off'
0.0025

1.05
/kg
0.15
0.57
0.72
0.72
0.15

V air
V off
V O2
V off'

offgas compositions as a function of the lambda factor:

air
air
oxy
oxy
stoich
lambda
stoich
ex O2
P(CO2)
9.55
9.13
33.47
32.39
P(H2O)
18.92
18.10
66.34
64.20
P(N2)
71.53
71.85
0.20
0.19
P(O2)
0.00
0.91
0.00
3.22
m3 wet
10.58
11.06
3.02
3.12
m3 dry
8.58
9.06
1.02
1.12

per 1 mol gas

mol O2 demand
mol air demand
mol CO2, combust
mol CO2, total
mol H2O, total
mol N2, air
mol N2, fuel
mol N2, total
mol offgas, airfuel
mol offgas, oxyfuel
mol offgas, airfuel
mol offgas, oxyfuel

M =
Vm =
ro =

lambda=
1.05
Tre
25 C
air/oxy 1/2
1
Tad
1989 C
match
#####

methane
ethane
propane
butane
pentane
hexane

OFFGAS BALANCE

0.02479

> >>>>>> >>>>>>>

> >>>>>> >>>>>>>

> >>>>>> >>>>>>>

wet
wet
dry
dry

2.01
9.57
1.01
1.01
2.00
7.56
0.01
7.57
10.58
3.02
8.58
1.02

ENERGY, CONVERSION OF UNITS

kg/kg
m3 NTP
3.93 V(O2) =
16.87 V(air) =
2.71 V'(CO2) =
2.72 V"(CO2) =
2.20 V(H2O) =
12.94 V'(N2) =
0.01 V"(N2)
12.95 V(N2)
17.87 V(off)
4.93 V(off')
15.67 V(off)
2.73 V(off')
kWh

/mol
0.0498
0.2373
0.0250
0.0250
0.0496
0.1874
0.0001
0.1876
0.2622
0.0748
0.2126
0.0252

/kg
3.04
14.50
1.53
1.53
3.03
11.45
0.01
11.46
16.02
4.57
12.99
1.54

/m3
2.01
9.57
1.01
1.01
2.00
7.56
0.01
7.57
10.58
3.02
8.58
1.02

/mol
Ho = 0.2485
Hu = 0.2241
Hnom = 0.2503

/kg
15.19
13.69
15.29

/m3
10.03
9.04
10.10

MJ
Ho = 0.8948
Hu = 0.8067

54.67
49.28

36.1
32.5

Hnom = 0.9011

55.05

Ho =
Hu =
Hnom =

213.9
192.8
215.4

13066
11779
13158

Ho =
Hu =
Hnom =

943
850
950

57630
51955
58036

kcal

BTU

36.4
1000
8.63
7.78
8.69
1000
38.1
34.3
38.3

CALCULATION OF ADIABATIC TEMPERATURES

air
oxy choice
combust
fuel
sum
excess excess
Vm
0.02479
1.01
total CO2 off
1.01
0.000
1.010
1.009
1.010
2.00
total H2O off
2.00
2.002
2.002
2.002
7.57
total N2 off
7.56
0.006
7.946
0.006
7.946
2.01
stoich. O2
2.111
2.111
2.111
1.05
lambda
298
Tre
air;oxy
1
9.04
Hu
0
Hre
9.0394 kWh/m3
Had
-------------- -------------- - ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ----- ------------ ------------ ------------ -----------T in K
-H
-H
-H
cP(T)
S(T) -G(T)
/mol
/m3 kWh/m3
-------------- -------------- - ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ----- ------------ ------------ ------------ -----------T0
CO2(g)
298
394
15874 4.40958
37.2
214
457
H2O(g)
298
242
9755 2.70962
33.6
189
298
N2(g)
298
0
0
0
28.5
192
57
O2(g)
298
0
0
0
29.3
205
61
Tre
CO2(g)
298
394
15874 4.40958
37.2
214
457
H2O(g)
298
242
9755 2.70962
33.6
189
298
N2(g)
298
0
0
0
28.5
192
57
O2(g)
298
0
0
0
29.3
205
61
Tad

CO2(g)
H2O(g)
N2(g)
O2(g)

2262
2262
2262
2262

287
156
-65
-69

11561 3.21129
6289 1.74682
-2640 -0.7333
-2778 -0.7717
air
oxy
0.000
0
9.03941 9.03941
9.042
3.220

64.4
54.2
36.1
39.4

316
271
257
273

0.000
9.039
9.042
-0.003

Hre
Had
Hmatch
match

1002
768
516
549

/m3
10.03
9.04
10.10
/m3
9.57
10.58
2.01
3.02

/m3
0.10
0.38
0.48
0.48
0.10

m3/mol

K
kWh/m3
kWh/m3
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ -----------cP1(T) cP2(T) cP3(T) cP4(T) cP5(T) H1(T) H2(T) H3(T) H4(T) H5(T) S1(T)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ -----------37.2
33.6
28.5
29.3

37
34
29
29

37
34
29
29

37
34
29
29

37
34
29
29

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

214
189
192
205

37.2
33.6
28.5
29.3

37
34
29
29

37
34
29
29

37
34
29
29

37
34
29
29

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

214
189
192
205

64.4
54.2
36.1
39.4

64
54
36
39

64
54
36
39

64
54
36
39

64
54
36
39

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

316
271
257
273

Tad
K
2785
2709
2758
2772
2778
2783
2786
0

Tad
C
2512
2436
2485
2499
2505
2510
2513

M
O2 CO2 H2O
H
g/mol
kcal
H2
0
2.02
0.5
0
1
0.00
CH4
methane
1 16.04
2.0
1
2 -17.89
C2H6
ethane
2 30.07
3.5
2
3 -20.24
C3H8
propane
3 44.10
5.0
3
4 -24.82
C4H10 butane
4 58.12
6.5
4
5 -30.15
C5H12 pentane
5 72.15
8.0
5
6 -35.00
C6H14 hexane
6 86.18
9.5
6
7 -39.96
CO2
44.00
0.0
1
0
N2
28.01
0.0
0
0
CxHy + (x+y)O2 = xCO2 + yH2O
O2
CO2
H2O
H2O

g
g
g
l

31.999
44.010
18.015
18.015

0.00
-94.05
-57.796
-68.32

------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ --------------- --- ------------ -------- mmm mmm mmmm
S2(T) S3(T) S4(T) S5(T) G1(T)
G2(T)
G3(T) G4(T)G5(T)
-H(298)S(298)
T2
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ --------------- --- ------------ -------- mmm mmm mmmm
214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

457
298
57
61

457
298
57
61

#
#
#
#

457
298
57
61

457
298
57
61

394
242
0
0

214
189
192
205

3000
3000
3000
3000

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

457
298
57
61

457
298
57
61

#
#
#
#

457
298
57
61

457
298
57
61

394
242
0
0

214
189
192
205

3000
3000
3000
3000

316
271
257
273

316
271
257
273

316
271
257
273

316
271
257
273

1002
768
516
549

1002
768
516
549

#
#
#
#

1002 1002
768 768
516 516
549 549

394
242
0
0

214
189
192
205

3000
3000
3000
3000

Hu
Ho
xjHuj
xjHoj
kcal
kcal
-57.8
-68.3
0.0
0.0
-191.8
-212.8 -187.9 -208.5
-341.2
-372.8
-3.4
-3.7
-488.5
-530.6
-1.5
-1.6
-635.0
-687.6
0.0
0.0
-782.0
-845.1
0.0
0.0
-928.9 -1002.5
0.0
0.0

Hu
Ho
kcal
kcal
-192.79 -213.85

xjMj

xjO2

xjCO2

xjH2O

0.0
15.7
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
{M}
g/mol
16.4

0.00
1.96
0.04
0.02
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
0.98
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00

0.00
1.96
0.03
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00

n(O2) n(CO2) n(H2O)

mol
mol
mol
2.010
1.009
2.002

vj
nj
0.01m3 mol/m3
0 0.000
98 39.535
1 0.403
0.3 0.121
0 0.000
0 0.000
0 0.000
0.1 0.040
0.6 0.242

mj
kg/m3
0.000
0.634
0.012
0.005
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.007

100.00

0.660

0.0247882
40.34179
0.0224127
44.617516

40.342

m3/mol
mol/m3
m3/mol
mol/m3

mmmm mmmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmmmm mmmm mmmm
T3
T4
T5
Hm2
Hm3
Hm4
Hm5
A1
A2
A3
A4
mmmm mmmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmmmm mmmm mmmm
3000
3000
3000
3000

3000
3000
3000
3000

3000
3000
3000
3000

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

3000
3000
3000
3000

3000
3000
3000
3000

3000
3000
3000
3000

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

3000
3000
3000
3000

3000
3000
3000
3000

3000
3000
3000
3000

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

44
30
30
30

Mj
g/mol
2.016
16.043
30.070
44.097
58.124
72.151
86.178
43.999
28.013

0 2
1 4
2 6
3 8
4 10
5 12
6 14

Hu
kcal/mol
57.8
191.8
341.2
488.5
635.0
782.0
928.9

Ho
kcal/mol
68.3
212.8
372.8
530.6
687.6
845.1
1002.5

vjHu
kcal/m3
0.0
7580.9
137.7
59.1
0.0
0.0
0.0

vjHo
kcal/m3
0.0
8412.6
150.4
64.2
0.0
0.0
0.0

O2
m3/m3
0.000
1.960
0.035
0.015
0.000
0.000
0.000

CO2
m3/m3
0.000
0.980
0.020
0.009
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001

H2O
m3/m3
0.000
1.960
0.030
0.012
0.000
0.000
0.000

N2
m3/m3
0.000
7.373
0.132
0.056
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.006

CxHy + (x+y)O2 = xCO2 + yH2O

16.367

kcal/m3
MJ/m3
kWh/m3

Hu
7777.7
32.542
9.039

Ho
8627.3
36.096
10.027

2.010
2.010

1.010
1.009

2.002
2.002

7.567
7.561

mmmm mm mm mmmmmm mmmmmm mmmmm mmmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm

A5 B1 B2
B3
B4
B5
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
mmmm mm mm mmmmmm mmmmmm mmmmm mmmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm
44 9 9
30 11 11
30 3 3
30 4 4

9
11
3
4

9
11
3
4

9
11
3
4

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

44 9 9
30 11 11
30 3 3
30 4 4

9
11
3
4

9
11
3
4

9
11
3
4

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

44 9 9
30 11 11
30 3 3
30 4 4

9
11
3
4

9
11
3
4

9
11
3
4

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

-9
0
-2
-2

Luft
m3/m3
0.000
9.333
0.167
0.071
0.000
0.000
0.000

9.571
9.571

A-tr-L
A-f-L
m3/m3 m3/m3
0.000
0.000
8.353 10.313
0.152
0.182
0.065
0.077
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.006
0.006

8.577
8.570

10.579
10.572

A-tr-oxy
m3/m3
0.000
0.980
0.020
0.009
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.006

A-f-oxy
m3/m3
0.000
2.940
0.050
0.021
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.006

O2
kg/kg
0.000
3.832
0.068
0.029
0.000
0.000
0.000

1.016
1.009

3.018
3.011

3.930
3.930

CO2
kg/kg
0.000
2.635
0.054
0.024
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003

H2O
N2
Luft
kg/kg
kg/kg
kg/kg
0.000
0.000
0.000
2.157 12.620 16.452
0.033
0.225
0.294
0.013
0.097
0.126
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.010

2.716
2.713

2.204
2.204

12.952
12.942

16.871

mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmmmm mmmmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmmmm mmmmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

A-tr-L
kg/kg
0.000
15.255
0.279
0.121
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.010

A-f-L
kg/kg
0.000
17.412
0.312
0.134
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.010

A-tr-oxy
kg/kg
0.000
2.635
0.054
0.024
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.010

A-f-oxy
kg/kg
0.000
4.792
0.087
0.037
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.003
0.010

15.668
15.655

17.871
17.859

2.726
2.713

4.930
4.917

- - - - hx hx hx

- - - - hx hx hx

- - - - hx hx hx

- - - - hx hx hx

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - hx hx hx hx hx hx hx hx hx hx hx hx sx sx sx sx sx sx

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx sx dh dh
dh dh
dh dh
dh dh
dh dh
- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - dh dh
dh dh
dh dh
ds ds
ds ds
ds ds
ds ds
ds ds
ds ds
ds ds
ds ds
- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

237
113
-93
-99

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

335
287
267
285

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -H1
-H2
-H3
-H4
-H5
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

- - - -

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

394
242
0
0

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

214
189
192
205

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

287
156
-65
-69

316
271
257
273

316
271
257
273

316
271
257
273

316
271
257
273

316
271
257
273