Essential Chemistry SPM Question Bank

Chapter 5: Chemical Bonds

Paper 1 1) The diagram below shows the electron arrangement for the compound that is formed between atom J and atom G.

Which of the following statements is true about the compound? A The compound conducts electricity B The compound is an ionic compound C The melting point of the compound is low D The atoms within the compound are attracted together by electrostatic force 2) What is the electron arrangement of atom X?

A 2.4 B 2.6

C 2.8.6 D 2.8.4

3)

The table below shows the information regarding two types of particles. Particle P Q Both particles P and Q are A halide ions B noble gases Number of protons 8 9 Electron configuration 2.8 2.8

C cations D anions

4)

The diagram below shows the electron arrangement of a molecule of element J.

What is the position of element J in the Periodic Table? Group Period A 2 15 B 2 18 C 15 2 D 18 2

5)

An atom Y has 3 shells filled with electrons. When element Y reacts with oxygen gas, a compound with the formula of YO is formed. What is element Y? [Proton number: Na = 11; Mg = 12; Al = 13; Ca = 19] A Sodium C Aluminium B Magnesium D Calcium The table below shows particles A+, B2+, C3+, dan D2- with their respective numbers of electrons and neutrons. Particle A+ B2+ C3+ D2Number of electrons 2 10 10 10 Number of neutrons 4 12 14 8

6)

Which of the following shows the correct nucleon number? Particle Nucleon number A A+ 6 2+ B B 20 C C3+ 27 2D D 18

7)

Which of the following solids has its particles bonded together by an electrovalent bond? I Iodine II Sodium chloride III Calcium bromide IV Silicon dioxide A I and IV only C III and IV only B II and III only D II, III and IV only

8)

Chloride ion and potassium ion have the same [Proton number: Cl = 17; K = 19] A number of electrons B number of protons

C number of neutrons D charge

9)

G reacts with T to form an ionic compound with a formula of G2 T. Which of the following electron arrangement of atom G and atom T is true ? Electron arrangement of atom G Electron arrangement of atom T A 2.1 2.7 B 2.2 2.1 C 2.8.1 2.6 D 2.8.8.1 2.8.7 Two elements, X and Y, have the electron arrangement of 2.4 and 2.8.7 respectively. Which of the following formulae and types of bond is true for the compound formed between elements X and Y? Formula Type of bond A XY Covalent B X2 Y Ionic C XY2 Covalent D XY4 Covalent Among the following ions, which contains one electron less than its original atom? A Lithium ion B Fluoride ion C Calcium ion D Oxide ion What happens during the formation of an oxide ion? [Proton number: O, 8] A One oxygen atom receives one electron B One oxygen atom receives two electrons C One oxygen atom releases one electron D One oxygen atom releases two electrons

10)

11)

12)

13)

An atom has a proton number of 13. What is the electron arrangement of the ion t that it forms? A 2.8 B 2.8.3 C 2.8.4 D 2.8.8 The number of neutrons of atom P is 12. If the number of electrons of ion P2+ is 10, what is the relative atomic mass of P? A 12 B 20 C 22 D 24

14)

15)

Which of the following compounds contains covalent bonds between its particles? A Calcium chloride B Tetrachloromethane C Potassium oxide D Sodium hydroxide

Paper 2 Structured question The table below shows the number of protons in elements P and Q. Ele ment P Q Number of protons 3 11

The reactivity of the reaction between element Q and chlorine is higher than the reactivity of the reaction between element P and chlorine. (a) State the group that elements P and Q belong to in the Periodic Table. ___________________________________________________________________ (b) State the period that element Q belongs to in the periodic table. ___________________________________________________________________ (c) Element P reacts with chlorine to form a compound. (i) What type of compound is formed? ____________________________________________________________ (ii) Write the formula of the compound that is formed. _______________________________________________________________ (iii) Draw the electron arrangement of the compound that is formed.

(d) Element Q reacts more vigorously than element P. Explain this occurrence in terms of the electron arrangement. __________________________________________________________________ (e) Element R has a proton number of 2 and a nucleon number of 4. Explain why element R does not react with element Q. __________________________________________________________________

Essay question The table below shows the electron arrangement of three elements X, Y and Z.
Element X Y Z Electron arrangement 2.8.1 2.8.8 2.8.7

(a) Based on the information in the table above, explain why (i) X reacts with Z to form a compound with high melting and boiling points. (ii) Y does not react with elements X or Z. (iii) the molecular formula of Z is Z2 . (iv) element Z does not conduct electricity. (b) The compound that is formed between X and Y can conduct electricity in molten or aqueous form. Explain how you could support the statement.

Paper 3

A student carried out an experiment to study the differences in electrical conductivity between an ionic compound and a covalent compound. The diagram below shows the ammeter reading when an electric current flows through the molten lead(II) bromide and the molten suphur. Experime nt Electric current is channelled through the molten lead(II) bromide. Apparatus arrange ment

Electric current is channelled through the molten suphur.

(a)

Complete the table below with the ammeter reading and the inference that is related to the experiment. Experime nt Molten lead(II) bromide Molten sulphur Ammeter reading / A Infe rence

(b)

complete the table below based on the experiment.

Type of variable (i) Variable that is manipulated

Action to be taken (i) Method to change the manipulated variable

(ii) Variable that responds

(ii) How the variable responds

(iii) Variable that is kept constant

(iii) Method to keep the variable constant

(c) (d)

State the hypothesis of the experiment. If the experiment is repeated using sodium chloride powder that has been added to a little water, complete the table below with the observation, and the inference that explains the observation. Observation Infe rence

Ans wers Paper 1 1 C 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 B 6 C 7 B 8 A 9 C 10 D

11 12 13 14 15

A D A D B

Paper 2 Structured question (a) Group 1 (b) Period 3 (c) (i) Ionic compound (ii) PCl (iii)

(d) The size of atom Q is bigger than the size of atom P. The nuclear attraction of atom Q towards the valence electron is weaker. It is easier for the valence electron of Q to be released in chemical reactions. (e) R has a stable electron arrangement of 2. R cannot release, receive nor share electrons with other atoms. Essay question (a) (i) - Atom X releases an electron to form a positive ion - Atom Z receives an electron to form a negative ion - Ions X and Z achieve the electron arrangement of a noble gas, which is stable - Ions X and Z are attracted together by a strong electrostatic force to form an ionic compound - A lot of heat is needed to overcome the strong force of attraction, which causes the melting point and boiling point to be high

(ii) - Y has a stable electron arrangement - Y does not donate, accept nor share electrons with other atoms (iii) - One atom Z donates an electron to be shared with another atom Z - This achieves a stable electron arrangement (iv) - The element Z consists of molecules - No ions can carry electrical charges

Paper 3 (a) Ammeter reading/ A 0.2 0 (b) Infe rences The ions move freely and carry electrical charges Only molecules are found

(c)

(i) Type of molten compound: By using a molten ionic compound and a molten covalent compound (ii) Ammeter reading: Observing the ammeter reading (iii) Quantity of compound: Using the same mass of the compound The ammeter of an electric circuit in the molten ionic compound shows readings, while the ammeter of an electrical circuit in the molten covalent compound does not show any readings. Observation The ammeter indicator is deflected/ shows readings Infe rence Sodium ions and chloride ions move freely to carry electrical charges.

(d)