Code No: RR320804 Set No.

1
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Write about the formulation of differential equation of physical problem.

(b) Discuss a flow process in which a precipitation is being carried out by mixing
two streams A and B to form a third stream C in which the precipitate is
carried away. [6+10]

2. Discuss about the rate equations for Homogeneous chemical reactions. [16]

3. If the three thermodynamic variables P, V, and T are connected by a relation

(P,V,T)
 = 0 show that
: 
∂p/ ∂T/ ∂V / = −1 [16]
∂T V
∂V P
∂P T

4. Simplify the equation ax(∂φ/∂x)y + ay(∂φ/∂y)x where a and b are constants and
φ is a function of x and y. [16]

5. (a) Explain in detail the concept of unit vector.

(b) Find a unit vector parallel to the sum of the vectors R1 = 2i + 4j − 5k and
R2 = i + 2j + 3k. [6+10]

6. (a) Prove that in any curvilinear coordinate system ∇.(∇X F̄ ) = 0.

(b) Find the unit vectors ê1 , ê2 , ê3 , of a cylindrical coordinate system interms
of i,j,k. [8+8]

7. A solid cylinder of infinite length and radius R has an initial temperature distribu-
tion T= f (r), where r is the local radius. The surface at r=R is suddenly brought
to and maintained at the temperature T1 . Determine the interior temperature as a
function of time. Compute the temperature distribution if T = f (r) = To = 70o F ,
T1 = 1500o F , R= 2 ft, and the solid is steel. [16]

8. Show that laplace transform of

s
(a) cos ωt = s2 + ω 2
ω
(b) e−at sin ωt = (s+a)2 + ω 2
n!
(c) tn = sn+1
. [6+6+4]

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Code No: RR320804 Set No. 2
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. A steel ball of volume (1000CC, e = 1.25g/cc and CP = 0.8cal/g/0 C) is at a

uniform temperature of 1000 C. This is dropped into an insulated vessel containing
5000CC of water at 200 C. Determine the steady state temperature of water and
steel ball. Neglect spatial gradients in both the ball and the fluid. The heat transfer
rate UA between the ball and the fluid is 1000Cal/S/0 C. Show that the steady
state temperature of the ball and water at equilibrium is 33.330 C. [16]

2. A gas is absorbed by a solution with which it reacts chemically. The rate of diffusion
in the liquid will be assumed proportional to the concentration gradient and the
diffusing gas is eliminated as it diffuses by a chemical reaction of the first order in
which the rate of reaction is proportional to the concentration of the solute gas in
the liquid. Obtain an expression for the concentration in the liquid as function of
the distance from the interface. [16]

3. (a) If Z = f(x,y) and x = eucosv and y = eusinv

find (∂ 2 /∂u ∂v)
√


(b) (∂/∂x) I0 2 xy where x and y are independent variables. [8+8]

4. (a) Discuss in detail the usefulness of partial differential equations in solving chem-
ical engineering problems with a specific problem and with its solution.
(b) Find du/dx if f (x, y) = 3x3 y 2 + xcosy
∂f /∂x = 9x2 + cos y
where [6+10]
∂f /∂y = 6x2 − x sin y

5. (a) A point of application of the force (-2, 4, 7) is displaced from the point (3,-5,
1) to the point (5,9,7) but the force is suddenly halved. When the point of
application moves half the distance find the work done.
(b) Given vectors A = i -3j + 2k and B = 2i + j - k. Find the projection of A X
B parallel to 5i - k. [8+8]

6. (a) Explain the concept of line integral. Define circulation of a vector.

(b) Evaluate the line integral F dr where F = 3xyi + y 2 j and the space curve c
R
c
is the Curve in the xy- plane y = 2x2 from (0, 0) to (1, 2). [6+10]

7. Imagine a slab which extends indefinitely in the x direction and so arranged that
heat flows in the x direction only. At time t = 0, suppose that the temperature
distribution inside the slab is given by T = f(x). Now expose the slab face at x =
0 to a constant-temperature medium at T1 . The heat-transfer coefficient between

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Code No: RR320804 Set No. 2
the medium and the slab surface is constant at a value h. The temperature varia-
tion of the physical properties of the material forming the slab may be neglected.
Determine the temperature distribution within the slab. [16]

8. Show that laplace transform of

s
(a) cos ωt = s2 + ω 2
ω
(b) e−at sin ωt = (s+a)2 + ω 2
n!
(c) tn = sn+1
. [6+6+4]

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Code No: RR320804 Set No. 3
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Consider a gas containing an entrained mist of nonvolatile tar located inside the
cylinder of a reciprocating compressor. Determine the work required to compress
the gas adiabatically and reversibly from its present pressure of 0.33 atm to a pres-
sure of 1.0atm. Given molecular wt of gas is 24 and specific heat at constant volume,
is constant at 6.2Btu/(lbmole)/0 F ) . The tar is always present as a mist in the ra-
tio 0.2 lb of tar pound of transfer gas. The specific heat of tar is 0.5Btu/(Lb)(0 F ).
The initial cylinder volume is 0.4f t3 . The initial cylinder pressure is 0.33 atm. The
final cylinder pressure is to be 1.0 atm. [16]

2. Discuss about the rate equations for Homogeneous chemical reactions. [16]

3. At a given instant the sides of a rectangle are 4ft and 3 ft respectively and they
are increasing at the rate of 1.5 ft/sec and 0.5 ft/sec respectively. Find the rate at
which the area is increasing at that instant. [16]

4. Change the following equation in Cartesian coordinates to the spherical coordinates.

∂ 2 T /∂x2 + ∂ 2 T /∂y 2 + ∂ 2 T /∂z 2 = 0
Given x = rsinθcosφ y = rsinθsinφ and z = rcosθ. [16]

5. (a) Find a unit vector parallel to the plane containing the vector I+j-2k and 3i-
2j+k but parallel to 2i+2j-k.
 
 

 A.a A.b A 
(b) Prove that ABC axb =  B.a B.b B  [8+8]
 C.a C.b C 
6. The Navier ? Stokes equation is the momentum equation for a real fluid. For a
constant-density system this equation has the form.
Dv
dt
= v.∇u + ∂v
∂t
= F − ∇ρρ
+ µl ∇2 v where µ is the fluid viscosity. Is this equation
compatable with the concept of a velocity potential ∅. In the two-dimential case is
it compatible with the concept of a stream function ∅. [16]

7. The void volume of a sphere of porosity P and radius R is filled with a liquid
containing a concentration Co of a dissolved organic compound. The sphere is
placed in a small volume v of the same liquid containing a concentration Yo of the
organic compound. As a result of the concentration difference, some of the organic
compound is transferred from the inside of the sphere to the surrounding liquid.
Within the sphere, diffusion controls the transport of the compound. The external
liquid is mechanically mixed. Determine the rate at which the organic compound
is transferred from the sphere to the surrounding liquid. [16]

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Code No: RR320804 Set No. 3
8. Find the Laplace inverse transform following functions.
s
(a) s2 −2s+5
kp
(b) s(τp s+1)2
W here kp and τp are constants.
kc
(c) (s+1)(5s+1)( 2s +1)
where kc is constant. [4+6+6]

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Code No: RR320804 Set No. 4
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Consider an equilibrium still which is purifying benzene and toluene from a small
amount of essentially non- volatile impurity and is initially charged with 20lb moles
of feed stock of composition xF = 0.32 mole fraction benzene. Feed is supplied at
the rate of 10lb moles/hr, and the heat input is adjusted so that the total moles
of liquid in the still remain constant at 20. Estimate the time required for the
composition of overhead product yp to fall to 0.40 mole fraction benzene. [16]

2. A countercurrent packed absorption tower is to be used for carrying out the liquid-
phase reaction
A+B →C
This reaction is irreversible, and the reaction rate may be expressed as follows:
− dNdt
A
= kNA XB
Components Band C are nonvolatile and never appear in the gas phase. Substance
B is introduced into the tower dissolved in a nonvolatile solvent. Compound A is
volatile and is introduced into the tower as a vapor carried by an insoluble, inert
gas.The rate of transfer of A from the gas phase to the liquid phase is controlled by
the gas-phase resistance and is proportional to Kg a(YA − YA∗ ).YA∗ is the equilibrium
gas-phase concentration corresponding to the liquid-phase concentration, XA . YA∗
is related to XA by the equation
YA∗ = mXA
Assuming isothermal conditions, develop the differential equation for the decrease
in the concentration of A in the gas phase as a function of the tower height z and
the following known quantities:
a = area for mass transfer per unit of tower volume, f t2 /f t3
G = inert-gas rate, lb moles/hr
H = moles of inert solvent held up by packing per unit of tower volume
k = reaction-rate constant, lb moles/- (lb mole/hr)
KG = mass-transfer coefficient, lb moles/hr (unit YA -YB ) (f t2 )
L = inert-solvent rate, lb moles/hr
m = proportionality constant
S = tower cross section, f t2 .
Nomenclature for Variables
t -time, hr
z = distance from bottom of tower, ft
N = moles of a component; NA refers to moles of substance A, etc.
Y -gas-phase concentration, moles per mole of inert gas;
YA refers to sub-stance A
X = liquid-phase concentration, moles per mole of inert solvent; XA refers to sub-

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Code No: RR320804 Set No. 4
stance A, etc. [16]

3. (a) If x increases at the rate of 2cm/Sec at the instant when x = 3cm and Y =
1 cm at what rate must y be changing in order that the function 2xy − 3x2 y
shall neither be increasing nor decreasing.
(b) Find the total differential coefficient of x2 y with respect to x when x and y
are connected by the relation x2 + xy + y 2 = 1. [8+8]

4. (a) Divide 24 in to three parts such that the continued product of the first square
of the second and the cube of the third may be maximum.
(b) Find the point on the surface Z 2 = xy + 1 nearest to the origin. [8+8]

5. (a) Prove that a.∇( 1r ) = − a.r

r3
(b) Prove that (a.∇)r = a
r
(c) Prove that ∇(log r) = r2
. [4+6+6]

6. (a) Explain the concept of surface integral. Write the divergence theorem
(b) If velocity vector is F = yi + zj + xzk(f t/s), show that the flux of water
through the parabolic cylinder y = x2 , 0 ≤ x ≤ 3, 0 ≤ z ≤ 2 is 69(f t3 /s). Use
the concept of Surface integral. [8+8]

7. A hollow cylinder has the inner face (r = Ro) maintained at T = fo (θ) and the
outer face (r = R1 ) maintained T = f1 (θ). Determine the steady-state temperature
distribution within the cylinder. θ denotes a coordinate in a cylindrical coordinate
system. [16]

8. Solve the following differential equations using the laplace transform method.
d2 y
(a) + 4y = 3 W here y(0) = y 1 (0) = 1
dt2
A (t)
(b) dCdt + τ1 + K CA (t) = τ1 CA0 (τ )

Where K and τ are the constants and CA (0) = 0 and CA0 and CA are the
input and output concentrations respectively. [8+8]

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