Ingls Instrumental para alun@s da Informtica

Gisele Luz Cardoso

Gaspar - 2011

A DISCIPLINA INGLS INSTRUMENTAL

A disciplina Ingls Instrumental tambm conhecida como Aprendizagem de Ingls ou Lngua Inglesa (LI) para Fins Especficos. Em ingls ela conhecida como: English for Specific Purposes (ESP). Alguns dos objetivos desta disciplina so aprender a abordar adequadamente textos especficos; interpretar textos corretamente e aumentar o vocabulrio na LI. No entanto, no se deve confundir o ensino de Ingls Instrumental com o ensino de leitura somente (CELANI, 2008), apesar de, no Brasil, a leitura de textos acadmicos em LI representar a maior necessidade dos estudantes (CRUZ, 2001, apud ALMEIDA, 2004) de nvel tcnico ou universitrio. Celani (2008, p. 418) enfatiza que a disciplina Ingls Instrumental deve envolver uma ou mais das seguintes caractersticas:
(1)considerar os motivos dos estudantes para aprender o ingls e suas necessidades; (2)construir capacidades e habilidades para propsitos definidos; (3)usar o conhecimento

anterior, ou o que os estudantes trazem com eles para a situao do aprendizado, ou seja, o que os aprendizes tem, fazem e podem fazer no processo do aprendizado; (4)dar permisso para a voz dos estudantes; tornar o uso da lngua significativo; capacitar os alunos a ver razes para aprender e (5)ajudar os alunos a desenvolver estratgias individuais de aprendizado; alterar hbitos de estudo no-saudveis; quebrar a velha tradio de memorizao e repetio do conhecimento transmitido pelo professor (minha traduo).

Aprender Ingls Instrumental, portanto, quer dizer aprender para um propsito e aprender dentro de uma abordagem que faa com que as razes para se aprender sejam no s claras como tambm significativas para os aprendizes e seus professores de ingls (CELANI, 2008). . A disciplina Ingls Instrumental deve ser ditada pelo contexto social. Contedos, ensino, materiais e metodologias de ensino so determinados pelos interesses, pelo contexto social e pela bagagem cultural dos estudantes. A lngua no o objeto de aprendizado, mas o resultado, o produto da interao mtua entre o aprendiz e o mundo l fora, que, no caso do ingls um grande mundo cheio de desafios exigncias e limitaes (CELANI, 2008).

A DISCIPLINA INGLS INSTRUMENTAL PARA ALUNOS DA INFORMTICA

O conhecimento do Ingls para alunos da rea da Informtica deve ser suficiente para que tenham acesso fcil e rpido aos materiais escritos em Ingls na rea. Alm disso, a LI a lngua oficial da Internet e muito vocabulrio da informtica em LI e no traduzido para o portugus. Deste modo, esta apostila tem como objetivo oferecer aos alunos ferramentas bsicas para entendimento de textos tcnicos escritos em ingls na rea de Informtica. Ela apresenta os assuntos de maneira a facilitar a aprendizagem do aluno. O seu contedo totalmente voltado para a rea de Informtica, com diversos tipos de textos, oferecendo ao estudante o vocabulrio tcnico bsico para o exerccio da profisso. Os exerccios desta apostila tambm auxiliam no enriquecimento e fixao do vocabulrio. 2

Pelo fato de o Ingls estar to presente nos computadores, na internet, nos manuais e outros documentos, ele deve ser ensinado nos cursos da rea da Informtica. No entanto, com o passar do tempo as coisas mudam, novos termos e novos produtos so criados. E na rea da Informtica isto ocorre muito frequentemente. Portanto, o profissional desta rea deve estar sempre procurando se atualizar e ficar por dentro das mudanas.

SUMMARY
A DISCIPLINA INGLS INSTRUMENTAL 2 A DISCIPLINA INGLS INSTRUMENTAL PARA ALUNOS DA INFORMTICA 3 DIAGNOSTIC TEST 5 UNIT 01: BASIC VOCABULARY FOR COMPUTING 10 I. Parts of the computer 11 II. Types of Computers 13 III. Input, output & storage devices 14 IV. Acronyms & Abbreviations 15 V. Cognate words 16 VI. False cognates 17 VII. Nominal groups 17 UNIT 02: THE MOTHERBOARD 19 UNIT 03: QUICK TIPS ON WORKSTATION SETUP 24 UNIT 04: INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) & COMPUTER DATA STORAGE DEVICES 27 UNIT 05: COMPUTER ASSEMBLY 31 UNIT 06: THE INTERNET, THE WWW & THE WIKIPEDIA 45 UNIT 07: REVIEW 51 REFERNCIAS 54 3

I.

DIAGNOSTIC TEST
Resolva as questes abaixo e, ao final, some seus pontos. O valor de cada item est em parnteses.
Texto 1: COMPUTER PARTS Glossary: inside: dentro to care: importar-se to avoid: evitar deals: negcios even though: ainda que, mesmo que to understand: entender enough: suficiente but (1): menos, exceto but (2): mas often: frequentemente hub: centro to manage: gerenciar to store: armazenar to boost: aumentar Most people don't know exactly what goes on inside of their computers, and most of those people don't care. But understanding the basics behind computer parts is an important part of being an educated consumer. Knowing more about computer parts can help people diagnose problems with their computer and avoid bad deals at computer stores. Even though they may seem complicated, it's still important to understand the basic functions of computer parts. The most visible parts of the system may be easy to understand. The monitor and speakers are obvious enough, and the mouse and keyboard are familiar to all but the newest of users. But the things inside the computer itself, often called the "tower," are more of a mystery. The motherboard is the hub where all information is managed from various other computer parts. The central processing unit (CPU), is housed on the motherboard and manages all the exchange of information between parts. The hard drive is where all the information on the computer is stored. This is where all the pictures, music, movies and documents are kept when you aren't viewing them. The memory is different from the hard drive because it is not permanent. The memory is simply a place for the computer to store information temporarily while it performs certain functions. Other computer parts include CD and DVD drives which can read information off CDs and DVDs. Video and sound cards boost the video

and audio quality of the things that the computer displays. (Retirado de http://www.compu-mart.com/computerparts.html, em 28/05/2011).

1. Leia o texto 1 e responda: A) Quantas partes externas do computador o texto 1 cita? Quais so elas? Escreva-as abaixo em ingls e em portugus: (0,8 point).................. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................... B) Quantas partes internas do computador o texto 1 cita? Quais so elas? Escreva-as abaixo em ingls e em portugus: (1,6 point) .................. ...................................................................................................................................... .............................. ...................................................................................................................................... ...................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................... ...................................................................................................................................... ...................... ...................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................. 2. Traduza para o portugus as palavras que esto sublinhadas nas frases abaixo retiradas do texto 1: (1,0 point) ..................

a) Most people don't know exactly what goes on inside of their computers, and most of those people don't care. ______________________________ b) But understanding the basics behind computer parts is an important part of being an educated consumer. ______________________________ c)Knowing more about computer parts can help people diagnose problems with their computer and avoid bad deals at computer stores. ______________________________ d) Even though they may seem complicated, it's still important to understand the basic functions of computer parts. ______________________________ e) The most visible parts of the system may be easy to understand. ______________________________ f) The motherboard is the hub where all information is managed from various other computer parts. ______________________________ g) This is where all the pictures, music, movies and documents are kept when you aren't viewing them. ______________________________ h) The memory is different from the hard drive because it is not permanent. ______________________________ i) The memory is simply a place for the computer to store information temporarily while it performs certain functions. ______________________________ Texto 2: INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) Glossary: means: meio, recurso to exchange: trocar outside: externo, de fora world: mundo device: dispositivo, mecanismo to provide: fornecer Input/output (I/O) is the means by which a computer exchanges information with the outside world. Devices that provide input or output to the computer are called peripherals. On a typical personal computer, peripherals include input devices like the keyboard and mouse, and output devices such as the display and printer. Hard disk drives, floppy disk drives and optical disc drives serve as both input and output devices. (Extrado de http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer, em
06/06/2011. Adaptado)

3. Leia o texto 2 e responda:

a) O que significa exatamente Input/output (I/O)? (0,5 point) .................. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ b) Como so chamados os dispositivos de entrada e sada de dados em ingls? (0,5 point) .................. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ c) Quais so os exemplos de dispositivos de entrada e sada de dados citados neste texto? (0,6 point) .................. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________

d) Quais dispositivos podem ser ao mesmo tempo de entrada e sada de dados citados neste texto? (0,3 point) .................. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ Texto 3: COMPUTER DATA STORAGE

Glossary: storage: armazenamento time: tempo data: dados, informaes usually: geralmente several: vrios kinds: tipos each: cada known: conhecido main: principal required: exigido devices: dispositivos, aparelhos

Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, refers to computer components and recording media that retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time. Computer data storage provides one of the core functions of the modern computer, that of information retention. It is one of the fundamental components of all modern computers, and coupled with a central processing unit (CPU), implements the basic computer model used since the 1940s. A computer system usually contains several kinds of storage, each with an individual purpose. Primary storage is known as the main memory of the computer. It is the only one directly accessible to the CPU. The CPU continuously reads instructions stored there and executes them as required. Any data actively operated on is also stored there in uniform manner. There are two types of primary storage devices: RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory). Secondary storage is not directly accessible by the CPU. The computer usually uses its input/output channels to access secondary storage and transfers the desired data using intermediate area in primary storage. In modern computers, hard disk drives are usually used as secondary storage. Some other examples of secondary storage technologies are: CD and DVD drives, flash memory (e.g. USB flash drives), and floppy disks. (Extrado de http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storage, em
06/06/2011. Adaptado)

4. Leia o texto 3 e responda: a) Qual o assunto do texto? (0,3 point) .................. ________________________________________________________________________________ b) A que se refere o termo data storage devices e qual a funo deles em um computador? (0,6 point) .................. _______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ c) Quais so os dois tipos de dispositivos de armazenamento de dados de um computador e qual a diferena entre eles? (0,8 point) .................. _______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________ d) Escreva todos os sete exemplos de dispositivos de armazenamento de dados presentes no texto em ingls e em portugus: (1,4 point) ..................

5. Agora, leia os grupos nominais a seguir e traduza-os para o portugus: (1,0 point) ..................

a)Central Processing Unit_________________ b)Compact Disk_______________________ c)Electronic Mail_______________________ d)Hard Disk ___________________________
e)Laser Printer _________________________

f)Modern Computer ____________________ g)Operating System _________________ h)Personal Computer ________________ i)Web Page ____________________ j)Secondary Memory __________________

5. Observe as gravuras a seguir e escreva em ingls o nome de cada uma

das 6 partes: (0,6 point) ........................

Total of points: ........................

(from 9 to 10 points) EXCELLENT (from 8 to 8,9 points)VERY GOOD (from 7 to 7,9 points)GOOD (from 6 to 6,9 points) FAIR (from 0 to 5,9 points) POOR

UNIT 01: BASIC VOCABULARY FOR COMPUTING

Antes de comearmos a falar sobre o vocabulrio bsico para a informtica, vamos ver de quais palavras em ingls voc se lembra que estejam ligadas ou relacionadas a computer. Para tanto, escreva em volta da palavra computer abaixo, as palavras que vierem a sua cabea: e.g.: notebook

COMPUTER

Em caso de dvidas com relao ao significado de alguns termos da rea de informtica, consulte: http://www.dicweb.com/index.htm e voc ver explicao em portugus para termos em portugus e em ingls. J o dicionrio on line http://www.techterms.com/, traz explicaes em ingls para vrios termos, acrnimos e siglas. Por exemplo, voc sabe o que significa a sigla AGP? Confira em: http://www.techterms.com/definition/agp. E ATA? Veja clicando aqui: http://www.techterms.com/definition/ata. Por sua vez, a Wikipedia traz uma lista de abreviaes usadas na rea da informtica: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations J o dicionrio on line Michaelis, traz a traduo em portugus de vrios termos muito comuns na rea da informtica: http://michaelis.uol.com.br. Voc sabe o que significa em portugus a palavra socket? Confira em: http://michaelis.uol.com.br/moderno/ingles/index.php?lingua=inglesportugues&palavra=socket.

Parts of the computer

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Figura 1: Main parts of a computer.

1.Observe as figuras 01 e 02. Como voc traduziria para o portugus as partes de computadores nelas mostradas? Estas palavras em ingls so muito parecidas com o portugus ou no?

Figura 2: Parts of the computer and other equipments

2.Agora, encontre nas figuras o equivalente em Ingls para as seguintes palavras: a)teclado b)placa de vdeo c)monitor d)tela e)alto-falante f)impressora 11

g)escner h)fones de ouvido i)cmera digital j)unidade de processamento de dados

k)mouse l)disquete m)microfone

3.Leia o texto COMPUTER PARTS e sublinhe as partes do computador que o texto menciona: COMPUTER PARTS Glossary: Most people don't know exactly what goes on inside of their computers, and most of those people don't care. But understanding the basics behind computer parts is an inside: dentro to care: importar- important part of being an educated consumer. Knowing more about computer parts can help people diagnose se problems with their computer and avoid bad deals at to avoid: evitar computer stores. Even though they may seem complicated, deals: negcios it's still important to understand the basic functions of even though: computer parts. ainda que, mesmo The most visible parts of the system may be easy to understand. The monitor and speakers are obvious que enough, and the mouse and keyboard are familiar to all but to understand: the newest of users. But the things inside the computer entender itself, often called the "tower," are more of a mystery. The enough: motherboard is the hub where all information is managed suficiente from various other computer parts. The central processing unit (CPU), is housed on the motherboard and manages all but (1): menos, the exchange of information between parts. The hard drive is exceto where all the information on the computer is stored. This is but (2): mas where all the pictures, music, movies and documents are often: kept when you aren't viewing them. The memory is different frequentemente from the hard drive because it is not permanent. The hub: centro memory is simply a place for the computer to store information temporarily while it performs certain functions. to manage: Other computer parts include CD and DVD drives which can gerenciar read information off CDs and DVDs. Video and sound cards to store: boost the video and audio quality of the things that the armazenar computer displays. (Retirado de http://www.compu-

to boost: aumentar

mart.com/computerparts.html, em 28/05/2011).

4.Quantas partes do computador o texto cita? Quais so elas? 5.Observe as palavras destacadas no texto e seus significados em portugus no glossrio ao lado. Fazendo isso, voc entender melhor o texto e saber o significado das palavras desconhecidas. Procure no dicionrio as outras palavras que so novas para voc. 12

Types of Computers
H vrios tipos de computadores: grandes e pequenos, mais modernos, mais antigos, mais rpidos, mais lentos, etc. Veja a seguir, alguns tipos de computadores e suas representaes grficas. Escreva o nome de cada computador ao lado das figuras:

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I.Input, output & storage devices

Nos computadores h o que denominamos de dispositivos de entrada e sada de dados - input/output (I/O) devices e dispositivos de armazenamento de dados storage devices. De quais dispositivos voc consegue se lembrar? Escreva seus nomes em ingls na tabela a seguir: INPUT DEVICES OUTPUT DEVICES STORAGE DEVICES e.g.: flash drive

Os dispositivos de entrada e sada de dados - input, output devices - so perifricos usados para a interao homem-computador. Os input devices so dispositivos de entrada de dados como o teclado - keyboard. Os output devices so dispositivos de sada de dados como a impressora - printer, por exemplo. Os dispositivos de armazenamento de dados storage devices - so divididos em duas categorias: os de memria primria e secundria. Como o prprio nome diz, so equipamentos usados para armazenamento de dados. Um exemplo o flash drive. Veja mais sobre input, output and storage devices em http://pt.scribd.com/doc/6455958/Module-5-Input-Output-Storage-Devices e em http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer

Acronyms & Abbreviations

Na rea da Informtica os acrnimos ou acronyms em ingls so muito comuns. Segundo o dicionrio Aulete, acrnimo a palavra formada pelas primeiras letras ou slabas de uma expresso como, por exemplo: e-mail (do ingl.: e lectronic mail: correio eletrnico), Petrobras (Petr leo Bras ileiro). Portanto, acrnimo uma abreviao que forma uma nova palavra. O site http://www.clubedohardware.com.br/ traz exemplos clssicos de acrnimos como: laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation ou Amplificao de Luz por Emisso Estimulada de Radiao). As siglas (abbreviations) tambm so muito usadas na rea da Informtica. O dicionrio Aulete nos traz a informao de que uma sigla o conjunto das letras 14

iniciais de uma denominao composta de duas ou mais palavras, formando ou no uma palavra. So exemplos de siglas: MAM - Museu de Arte Moderna; FAB - Fora Area Brasileira); USB - Universal Serial Bus ou Barramento Universal Serial. Use as informaes dos links sugeridos anteriormente e descubra o significado dos seguintes acrnimos e siglas em ingls:
ACRONYMS WYSIWYG WORM WAN ATM FAQ ASAP MEANING ACRONYMS ISO LAN SIMM ATA LOL HDTV ROM MEANING

RAM

Para finalizar esta parte, v para a pgina: http://www.jegsworks.com/Lessons/lesson1-2/lesson1-1.htm, e aprenda mais sobre vocabulrio bsico relacionado a computadores.

Cognate words
Palavras cognatas (cognate words) so palavras de origem latina ou grega, semelhantes s do portugus tanto na grafia quanto no significado. So palavras que possuem a mesma origem ou raiz, tendo portanto, ortografias semelhantes. Por exemplo: garage (no ingls) e garagem (no portugus). So palavras que tm a mesma raiz e, portanto, ortografias semelhantes sendo que o significado permanece o mesmo nas duas lnguas. Veja os exemplos de palavras cognatas que seguem e traduza-as: 1.comedy 2.regular 3.garage 4.competition 5.television 6.radio 7.music 8.area 9.human 10.emotion 11.idea 12.factors 13.video 14. different 15.connect 16. pages 17. comic 18. material 15

19.potential 20. minute 21. economy

22. example 23.persistent

False cognates
Com a evoluo de cada idioma, algumas palavras podem apresentar significados diferentes para cada pas. Essas palavras so denominadas falsos cognatos (false cognates) ou falsos amigos (false friends). So palavras normalmente derivadas do latim que aparecem em diferentes idiomas com ortografia semelhante e que tm, portanto, a mesma origem, mas que ao longo dos tempos acabaram adquirindo significados diferentes (extrado de http://www.sk.com.br/sk-fals.html, em 27/05/2011). Veja mais sobre false cognates em: http://www.sk.com.br/sk-fals.html. Veja os exemplos abaixo de falsos cognatos, consulte seu dicionrio ou v para http://michaelis.uol.com.br/moderno/ingles/index.php e descubra o significado de cada um deles: 1.agenda 2.library 3.support 4.push 5.private 6.policy 7.office 8.eventually 9.hazard 10.data 11.convenient 12.actually

Nominal groups
Grupos Nominais (nominal groups) so expresses formadas por duas ou mais palavras (nomes - substantivos, adjetivos e advrbios) que possuem uma relao entre si. Uma das palavras a principal, geralmente um substantivo. As outras palavras, modificadoras, podem ser adjetivos, advrbios ou outros substantivos. A traduo para o portugus , geralmente, numa ordem diferente. Exemplos:

"Secondary Memory" - memria secundria Secondary - adjetivo (adjective) Memory - substantivo (noun)

"Data Processing Department" - departamento de processamento de dados Data - noun Processing - adjective Department - noun

Veja outros exemplos e traduza-os: a)Access Control b)Artificial Intelligence 16

c)Backup System d)Central Processing Unit e)Central Processor f)Compact Disk g)Control Circuits h)Electronic Mail i)Hard Disk j)Hyper Text k)Laser Printer

l)Mathematic Logarithm m)Magnetic Tape n)Modern Computer o)Operating System p)Personal Computer q)Portable Document Format r)Web Page s)Wide Area Network

II.

III.UNIT 02: THE MOTHERBOARD

1.Leia o texto que segue THE MOTHERBOARD, circule as palavras cognatas e escreva-as no quadro a seguir:

Glossary: many: muitos to hold: manter, armazenar board: placa to provide: fornecer sometimes: s vezes known: conhecida as: como to shorten: ficar mais curto, encurtar

THE MOTHERBOARD In personal computers, a motherboard is the central printed circuit board (PCB) in many modern computers and holds many of the crucial components of the system, providing connectors for other peripherals. The motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, or, on Apple computers, the logic board. It is also sometimes casually shortened to mobo. (Retirado de http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard, em
28/05/2011).

17

Figura 3: A Motherboard

2. Aps ler o texto Motherboard, descubra outros nomes pelos quais a placa-me tambm conhecida:

3. Qual a abreviao de Motherboard de acordo com o texto? 4. Algumas palavras no texto foram destacadas e seus significados em portugus colocados ao lado o glossrio. Observe-as atentamente e procure entend-las atravs do estudo do contexto.

5.Agora leia o tutorial a seguir que explica como instalar uma placa-me. Leia os passos e procure entender os procedimentos. Antes, porm, passe as seguintes palavras, termos e grupos nominais para o portugus. Estes aparecem em negrito ao longo do texto: 1.plate 2.metallic plate 3.the back end 4.several holes 5.to lay down 6.to match 7.to place 8.clock wise 9.thumb 10.index finger 11.metalized 12.non-metalized 13.holes 14.screwed How to Install a Motherboard 18

I) The motherboard is installed in the computer case. Open the case and locate the metallic plate where the motherboard is screwed to. Normally, this plate can be removed from the case by unscrewing it from the back end of the case and sliding it. Remove it from the case to install the motherboard on it. This plate has several holes, as you can see in Figure 4. The motherboard also has several holes.

II) Lay down the motherboard on the

metallic plate and

Figura 4: The metallic plate.

check which holes from the metallic plate match the holes on the motherboard, as we show in Figure 5. As you can see by comparing Figures 4 and 5, the metallic plate has more holes than needed. On the holes on the metallic plate that matched a hole on the motherboard, install a nut screw. On the holes that don't match a hole on the motherboard, you will simply leave it away. Sometimes, you will find some holes on the motherboard that don't match any hole on the plate. That's normal too. In Figure 5, you can see a hole on the motherboard that doesn't match any hole on the plate.

Figura 5: Matching the holes on the metallic plate with the holes on the motherboard.

III) Together with the case come a lot of small pieces. From these pieces you will need screws and screw nuts to install the motherboard. Take the screw nuts and install them on all the plate holes that matched a hole on the motherboard. They can be easily installed by turning them clock wise using your thumb and index finger.

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Figura 6: Screw nuts, screws and washers that come with the case

IV)Lay down the motherboard on the metallic plate again, placing a screw on every motherboard hole that matches a nut that you've installed. You will find two kinds of holes: metalized and non-metalized. The metalized holes have a metallic contact around them. Pay attention in Figure 7 to see the difference between these two kinds of holes.

Figura 7: Metalized x non-metalized holes.

tutorial

acima

est

incompleto

foi

retirado

de em

http://www.hardwaresecrets.com/article/How-to-Install-a-Motherboard/145/2 , 28/05/2011. Visite este site para saber mais. 6.Aps ler o tutorial, responda: a)Qual o primeiro passo para se instalar uma placa me?

20

b)Qual o segundo passo?

c)O que a parte III do texto explica?

d) A parte IV do texto explica a diferena entre dois tipos de furos. Quais so estes dois tipos? Qual a diferena entre eles? Explique.

7.Agora retire do texto oito palavras cognatas e traduza-as para o portugus:

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UNIT 03: QUICK TIPS ON WORKSTATION SETUP

1.Leia o texto a seguir QUICK TIPS ON WORKSTATION SETUP rapidamente e responda: Qual o assunto principal do texto? As palavras do glossrio podem te ajudar. Elas aparecem em negrito no texto.

2.Agora sublinhe no texto as palavras que se repetem, ou seja, que aparecem mais de uma vez. As palavras que so muito repetidas em um texto, so palavras-chave que, com certeza, so muito importantes no texto. Saber o significado delas , ento, de extrema importncia para voc entender um texto. 3.Depois de sublinh-las, escreva-as aqui:

Glossary

QUICK TIPS ON WORKSTATION SETUP

placement: colocao The relative position of the components in a workstation body: corpo with respect to the placement of your body can help workstation: estao de create a workstation that is ergonomically beneficial. 22

trabalho to keep: manter to assume: supor, presumir either...or: nem...nem properly: adequadamente, direito

Proper adjustment of the components of a workstation in relation to you will be easier if you keep the following order: chair, monitor, keyboard, mouse, document holder, and phone. We assume that your computer system has separate monitor and keyboard, which allows flexibility of placement relative to you and to each other. If you have a laptop you will not be able to adjust either the screen or the keyboard properly. If you will be using a laptop for long periods of time, you might consider buying a separate keyboard or monitor. (Extrado de
http://ergo.human.cornell.edu/ergotips2002/workstation/workstationmain.htm, em 27/05/2011). Figura

8: The ideal workstation design.

4. Agora escreva as palavras que esto no quadro, ao lado de seus significados em portugus a seguir: body easier following holder chair - each other time either.....or might - to be able to - to have - to keep - to buy - to help to assume a)ajudar: ______________ g)nem......nem: ______________ b)cadeira:______________ c)comprar: ______________ d)corpo: ______________ e)mais fcil: _____________ f)manter: ______________ h)poder: ______________ i)seguinte: ______________ j)ser capaz de: ______________ k)suporte: ______________ l)tempo: _____________ 23

m)ter: ______________ n)um ao outro, mutuamente: _____________

o)supor, presumir: _______________

5. Leia o texto novamente, agora com mais ateno. Como voc traduziria o primeiro pargrafo?

6. O que o texto sugere caso voc utilize um computador porttil por muito tempo?

7. Agora retire do texto todas as palavras cognatas que esto nele.

8. Quantas palavras cognatas voc achou? Isto um nmero alto ou no?

9. Voc diria que o texto possui mais palavras cognatas do que no cognatas? O que isto significa?

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UNIT 04: INPUT/OUTPUT (I/O) & COMPUTER DATA STORAGE DEVICES

Na unidade um desta apostila, voc j aprendeu um pouco sobre input, output, and computer data storage devices. Agora voc vai se aprofundar mais um pouco neste assunto, lendo os dois textos a seguir. 1. Leia o texto a seguir Input/output (I/O) rapidamente e descubra qual o assunto principal do texto:

2. Agora, leia mais uma vez, mas com mais ateno e responda: a)O que significa exatamente Input/output (I/O)?

b)Como so chamados os dispositivos de entrada e sada de dados?

c)Quais so os exemplos de dispositivos de entrada e sada de dados citados neste texto?

d)Quais dispositivos podem ser ao mesmo tempo de entrada e sada de dados citados neste texto?

25

Glossary

Input/output (I/O)

26

means: meio, recurso to exchange: trocar outside: externo, de fora world: mundo device: dispositivo, mecanismo to provide: fornecer

Input/output (I/O) is the means by which a computer exchanges information with the outside world. Devices that provide input or output to the computer are called peripherals. On a typical personal computer, peripherals include input devices like the keyboard and mouse, and output devices such as the display and printer. Hard disk drives, floppy disk drives and optical disc drives serve as both input and output devices. (Extrado de
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer, em 06/06/2011. Adaptado)

Figura 9: Examples of I/O devices

3. Observe a figura 09. Quais so os dispositivos de entrada e sada que ela apresenta?

Agora vamos para o segundo texto desta unidade: Computer data storage. Antes de comear a l-lo, procure descobrir o significado das seguintes palavras em 27

portugus em: http://michaelis.uol.com.br/escolar/ingles/index.php. Estas palavras esto sublinhadas no texto. often to store provide core to couple/coupled since to read purpose channel to desire/desired other
Glossary COMPUTER DATA STORAGE

storage: armazenamento time: tempo data: dados, informaes usually: geralmente several: vrios kinds: tipos each: cada known: conhecido main: principal required: exigido devices: dispositivos, aparelhos

Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, refers to computer components and recording media that retain digital data used for computing for some interval of time. Computer data storage provides one of the core functions of the modern computer, that of information retention. It is one of the fundamental components of all modern computers, and coupled with a central processing unit (CPU), implements the basic computer model used since the 1940s. A computer system usually contains several kinds of storage, each with an individual purpose.

Primary

storage is known as the main memory of the computer. It is the only one directly accessible to the CPU. The CPU continuously reads instructions stored there and executes them as required. Any data actively operated on is also stored there in uniform manner. There are two types of primary storage devices: RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory).

Secondary

storage is not directly accessible by the CPU. The computer usually uses its input/output channels to access secondary storage and transfers the desired data using intermediate area in primary storage. In modern computers, hard disk drives are usually used as secondary storage. Some other examples of secondary storage technologies are: CD and DVD 28

drives, flash memory (e.g. USB flash drives or keys), floppy disks, magnetic tape, paper tape, punched cards, standalone RAM disks, and Iomega Zip drives. In modern personal computers, most secondary storage media are also used for off-line storage. Optical discs and flash memory devices are most popular. (Extrado
de http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storage, em 06/06/2011. Adaptado)

Agora faa o que pedido: 1. Traduza o primeiro pargrafo do texto.

Figura 10: Hard disk drives are common storage devices used with computers.

2. Responda: a)Qual a funo dos data storage devices de um computador?

b)Quais so os dois tipos de dispositivos de armazenamento de dados de um computador e qual a diferena entre eles?

c)D exemplos de dispositivos de armazenamento de dados.

29

UNIT 05: COMPUTER ASSEMBLY

Figura 11: A man assembling a computer.

Leia o manual a seguir e descubra como montar um computador: 1.The Components The first step to building a computer is acquiring the parts. A computer is made up of a case, which houses several internal components, and the external components, including peripherals. Here is what you need: Power Supply/PSU Motherboard/Mainboard Processor/Central Processing Unit (CPU) Random Access Memory (RAM) Hard Drive/Hard Disk (HD) Optical Drive Device Video Card/Graphics Card/GPU Figura 12: A Video card 30

On top of the internal components listed above, you will also need these external components: a keyboard a mouse a monitor speakers a printer 2.Installing the Motherboard Check the backpanel template. It's the plate through which the connectors for the keyboard, mouse, etc show through. The motherboard comes with a replacement template. You may have to replace the one in the case. Lay the case on its side. Place the motherboard in the case. Make sure that all connectors on the backpanel are properly exposed through the backpanel template. Fasten with 6 screws.

Be sure that the cooling fan you choose is compatible with your motherboard. 3.Install the CPU 31

Figura 13: A motherboard.

The CPU interface is the plug that your processor goes into. For your processor to physically fit in the motherboard, the interface must be an exact match to your processor.

Figura 14: Examples of CPUs.

Installing the CPU: Open (lift) the CPU socket lever. Look carefully at the pin arrangement on the CPU and the CPU socket. It is constructed so that it only fits one way. Do not force the CPU. It's a zero-force insertion socket. Lower the CPU socket lever and press in and under to latch it.

Figura 15: Attaching the CPU.

Attach the heatsink and fan.

32

A few hints: Make sure that you use a small, flat blade screwdriver that fits securely in the attachment bracket.
Fi

Figura 16: Attaching the heatsink and fan.

gura 17: A flat blade screwdriver.

After you have attached both ends of the bracket, make sure that they are seated properly and hooked securely. Make sure that the power connector from the fan is close enough to the CPU fan power connector on the motherboard. Be sure to connect the heatsink power connector. 4. Attach the Power Supply and Other Connectors The power supply has a single, large, rectangular connector. Insert this in the power connector on the motherboard . The other connectors from the case are tricky. Look at: The writing on the connectors at the end of the wires from the case. The instructions that came with the case. The diagram and chart in the manual for the motherboard. Match the wires from the case to the connectors on the motherboard and connect. Other connectors: 33

USB - In addition to the USB 2.0 ports provided on the backpanel, most motherboards will have connectors for additional ports, either on the front of the case or in a panel that fits where a PCI card might otherwise be connected. USB 2.0 ports are used for connecting various peripherals such as printers, external hard drives etc. USB connectors are also used for connecting iPods, MP3 players, and digital cameras. Given the growing popularity of USB devices, the more ports your motherboard supports, the better. Serial (COM) or parallel (printer) ports - Traditional 9-pin serial and parallel ports are much less used than they used to be. Many motherboards have dropped the parallel port altogether, while serial ports, which once numbered as many as four, are now usually solitary. The principal use for serial ports was once connection to either a mouse or an external modem, both of these devices now connect via USB. IEEE firewire - Firewire ports are principally used for connecting Digital Video (DV) cameras and external hard drives.
Fig

ura 18: A power supply.

5.Install the Random Access Memory (RAM) The amount of RAM you use has become a simple choice. You just have to choose between installing one gig or two. One gig of RAM is plenty for most modern operating systems but all of them will run a little faster with two. Some specialized applications may profit from more than two gig of RAM. If you are planning on using such, make sure you check that both your operating system and your motherboard will accommodate the amount of RAM you have in mind. The actual type of RAM you will need depends on the motherboard and chipset you get. Some current motherboards use Double Data Rate (DDR) RAM but the industry is increasingly turning towards DDR2 RAM. Chipsets that use dual-channel memory require you to use two identical (in terms of size and speed) sticks of RAM.

34

Your RAM should usually operate at the same clock speed as the CPUs Front Side Bus (FSB). Your motherboard may not be able to run RAM slower than the FSB, and using RAM faster than the FSB will simply have it run at the same speed as your FSB. Buying low-latency RAM will help with overclocking your FSB, which can be of use to people who want to get more speed from their system. 6.Install the Hard Disk Set the jumper on the drive (next to the connector) to select "Master".

Figura 19: Memory.

7. Place the hard disk in the case and fasten with 4 screws.

Connect the hard disk to the motherboard to IDE slot 1. The motherboard comes with an IDE connector cable. The motherboard has two sockets (connectors) for 35

Figura 20: A hard drive.

IDE devices. They should be labeled "IDE1" and "IDE2". Connect one of the power supply cables to the hard drive. 7.Install the CD-ROM Drive Even if you dont plan on watching or copying DVDs on your computer, it is still worth purchasing a burner for their superior backup capabilities.

Installing CD-ROM Drive: Set the jumper on the CD-ROM drive. Here you have a choice. You can either: Attach the CD-ROM to IDE connector 1 and make the CD-ROM a slave. In this case, you will set the jumper on the CD-ROM to "Slave" and attach the CD-ROM drive to the same IDE cable as the hard drive. Or, Attach the CD-ROM to IDE connector 2 and make the CD-ROM a master. In this case you will set the jumper on the CD-ROM to "Master" and attach the CD-ROM drive with a separate cable to IDE slot 2. In order to use this method, you will need a second IDE cable. Connect one of the power supply cables to the CD-ROM drive. 8.Install Modem A modem is needed in order to connect to a dial up internet connection. A modem can also be used for faxing. Modems can attach to the computer in different ways, and can have built-in processing or use the computers CPU for processing. Modems with built-in processing generally include all modems that connect via a standard serial port, as well as any modems that refer to themselves as Hardware Modems. Software Modems, or modems that rely on the CPU generally include both Internal and USB modems, or have packaging that mentions drivers or requiring a specific CPU to work. Modems that rely on the CPU are often designed specifically for the current version of Windows only, and will require drivers that are incompatible with future Windows versions, and may be difficult to upgrade. Software Modems are also very difficult to find drivers for non-Windows operating systems. The manufacturer is unlikely to support the hardware with new drivers after it is discontinued, forcing you to buy new hardware. Most such modems are internal or external USB, but this is not always the case.

Figura 21: A DVD burner.

36

Modems can be attached via USB, a traditional serial port, or an internal card slot. Internal and USB modems are more easily autodetected by the operating system and less likely to have problems with setup. USB and serial port modems often require an extra power supply block. 9. Install Floppy Drive Though Floppy drives have been made largely obsolete in recent years by devices such as USB and CD writers, they are often installed anyway because they are sometimes required for BIOS updates and exchanging small files with older computers. Floppy drives block air movement with wide cables, and can make computers set to check the drive take longer to start. One option to overcome the cable problem and to make it easier to install is to buy an external USB floppy drive. These are potentially a little bit faster and can be plugged into a different system (such as a laptop without a floppy drive.) However, not all systems support booting from a USB floppy drive most notably older motherboards. Peripherals Anything outside the case that connects to your computer is considered a peripheral. The keyboard, mouse and monitor are pretty much the minimum you can go with and still be able to interact with your computer. Your choice in peripherals depends on personal preference and what you intend to do with your computer.

Figura 22: Modem.

Mouse and keyboard

Figura 23: An optical mouse.

There are, broadly, two types of mouse: optical and mechanical. Mechanical mice use a rubber coated ball bearing that contacts the mousepad or other surface and actually 37

rolls around. Optical mice use a bright light and a sensor to track the movement of the mouse.

Figura 24: Keyboard models.

Wireless keyboards and mice do not now display the sort of noticeable delay that they once did, and now also have considerably improved battery life. Printer and scanner For most purposes, a mid-range inkjet printer will work well for most people. You will want to compare the speed of various printers, which is usually listed in ppm (pages per minute). When choosing a printer, always check how much new cartridges cost.

Figura 25: Models of printers and scanners.

Display

38

Figura 27: A Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) screen.

When choosing a display for your computer, you have two choices: a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) screen, or a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen. Both technologies have their advantages and disadvantages: CRTs have been preferred by gamers and graphic artists, for their generally superior response times and color gamut, but this is offset by the added size and weight that a large screen requires. CRTs are still somewhat cheaper in sizes of 17 inches or less but LCDs are generally less expensive than CRTs in sizes above 17 inches. In sizes above 21 inches LCDs are far cheaper, and much easier to find. High-end LCD models are generally preferred for tasks which need higher definition, such as movie editing, and are also popular amongst people with little-to-no desk space, as they do not need as much space as a similarly-sized CRT. Speakers Computer speaker sets come in two general varieties: 2/2.1 sets and surround, theater, or gaming with four or more speakers, which tend to be somewhat more expensive. Low-end speakers can suffer from low bass response or inadequate amplification, both of which compromise sound quality. Powered speakers with separate sub-woofers can sound much better. (Extrado de etopiawi.com/Computer.doc, em
06/06/2011, adaptado)

Figura 26: A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) screen.

A seguir, voc far um exerccio sobre o que voc acabou de ler. Voc pode responder as questes em seu caderno de ingls ou na prpria apostila. 39

Figura 28: Computer speakers

1. O manual que voc acabou de ler, diz que, para voc montar um computador, voc precisa dos seguintes items principais: a)Power Supply b)Motherboard c)Processor ou Central Processing Unit d)Random Access Memory e)Hard Drive e Hard Disk f)Optical Drive Device g)Video Card ...e dos seguintes perifricos: a)a keyboard b)a mouse c)a monitor d)speakers e)a printer Como voc traduziria estes itens em portugus? 1.Veja a parte 2 do texto. H algumas palavras destacadas em negrito. O que elas significam? a)backpanel template: b)replacement template: c)to place: d)to replace: e)to lay the case on its side: f)to fasten: g)to be sure: 3. Na parte 3 do texto, novamente, h palavras destacadas. Mas so somente verbos. Ligue os verbos a seguir aos seus significados em portugus: a)open b)look . at c)do not force d)lower e)press . f)attach g)make sure/be sure abaixe abra certifique-se, tenha certeza no force olhe para prenda, junta, ligue, fixe pressione

Para instalar o power supply, a parte 4 do manual diz para voc fazer duas coisas principalmente: a)The power supply has a single, large, rectangular connector. Insert this in the power connector on the motherboard. 40

b) Match the wires from the case to the connectors on the motherboard and connect. 4.Explique em portugus o que significam estas duas instrues: a)The power supply has a single, large, rectangular connector. Insert this in the power connector on the motherboard. b) Match the wires from the case to the connectors on the motherboard and connect. 4.Qual o prximo item a ser instalado no computador? 6.Na parte 5 do texto, circule a expresso que quer dizer certifique-se. 7.O que explica a parte 6 do manual? 8.Veja os verbos em destaque na parte 6 do texto. Traduza-os. Em que tempo verbal eles esto? 9.O que explica a parte 7 do texto? 10.Leia a parte 8 do manual. Para que serve um modem? 11.Do que trata a parte 9 do texto? 12.Por que motivo Floppy drives ainda so instalados hoje em dia embora tenham sido substitudos por dispositivos mais modernos como Cds? 13.A ltima parte do manual fala sobre peripherals ou perifricos em portugus. Quais so os perifricos mais importantes ou essenciais? 14.Quais so outros perifricos que o usurio pode querer instalar em um computador? 15.Quais so os dois tipos de mouse que existem? 16.Qual o tipo de impressora que funciona para a maioria das pessoas, ou seja, o mais comum? 17.Quais so os dois tipos de monitores que existem? 18.Quais as vantagens e desvantagens de cada tipo de monitor? 41

Veja outro manual de instalao de computadores em: http://www.build-gamingcomputers.com/how-to-build-a-pc.html

UNIT 06: THE INTERNET, THE WWW & THE WIKIPEDIA

Leia os trs textos a seguir e resolva as atividades solicitadas: 1.Leia o texto a seguir e descubra como surgiu a Internet: THE INTERNET

Figura 29: How the Internet works.

42

The Internet is a global network of computers. Every computer that is connected to the Internet is considered a part of that network. This means even your home computer. At the top of the tree is the high-capacity backbones. All of these interconnect at 'Network Access Points' (NAPs) at important regions around the world. The entire Internet is based on agreements between these backbone providers who set in place all the fibre optics lines and other technical aspects of the Internet. The Internet has its origins in the creative work of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government. APRA heavily developed communication systems, and a computer communications network called ARPANet in 1969. The ARPANet connected up academic and government institutions. The network was mainly used for accessing files and to send email. Since 1983, the Internet has accommodated a lot of changes. The Internet continues to evolve, and is becoming available on a wider selection of technologies, such as mobile phones, pagers and possibly on televisions in the future. The actual term "Internet" was finally defined in 1995 by The Federal Networking Council. "Internet" refers to the global information system that: (1) is logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons; (2)is able to support communications using the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons, and/or other IP-compatible protocols and (3) provides, uses or makes accessible, either publicly or privately, high level services layered on the communications and related infrastructure described herein. The Internet and the World Wide Web are closely related but are not the same. What's on the Internet besides the Web? E-mail, file transfer, instant messaging programs, online gaming, and so on. The most popular actions of the Internet are: to send e-mail, to view web sites, to download files such as mp3 and images, to chat with people live online, to post messages on newsgroups and forums, to play multiplayer games online, to watch movies and TV programs, to chat and view on webcams, and so on (Extrado de
http://www.internet-guide.co.uk/what-is-the-internet.html, em 20 de junho de 2011. Adaptado)

43

2.Traduza o primeiro pargrafo do texto. 3.Circule no texto as palavras que so novas para voc. A seguir, descubra o significado delas em um dicionrio. Escreva abaixo as palavras em ingls e em portugus: 4.Agora leia a prximo texto The World Wide Web e sublinhe nele todas as palavras cognatas e aquelas que so repetidas.

Figura 30: How the Internet works.

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web ("WWW" or simply the "Web") is a global information medium which users can read and write via computers connected to the Internet. The term is often mistakenly used as a synonym for the Internet itself, but the Web is a service that operates over the Internet, as e-mail does. The history of the Internet dates back significantly further than that of the World Wide Web. Nowadays, after lots of investments in new technology, more affordable. the connectivity charges are lower than in the past, helping to make high-speed Internet connectivity

44

A handful of companies found success developing business models that helped make the World Wide Web a more compelling experience. These include airline booking sites, Google's search engine, etc. In this new era, social networking websites, such as MySpace and Facebook, which, though unpopular at first, very rapidly gained acceptance in becoming a major part of youth culture. 5. De acordo com o texto acima, o que significa o termo: The World Wide Web? 6. Traduza o ltimo pargrafo do texto. 7. Agora leia o texto The Web 2.0. Do que trata o texto? O que significa o termo Web 2.0? THE WEB 2.0 Beginning in 2002, new ideas for sharing and exchanging content ad hoc, such as Weblogs, rapidly gained acceptance on the Web. This new model for information exchange was coined Web 2.0. The Web 2.0 boom saw many new service-oriented startups catering to a new, democratized Web. Predictably, as the World Wide Web (WWW) became easier to query, the Web 2.0 attained a higher degree of usability, gained a sense of organization and unsophistication which ushered in a rapid period of popularization. New sites such as Wikipedia proved revolutionary in executing the User Edited Content Concept. In 2005, three ex-PayPal employees formed a video viewing website called YouTube. Only a year later, YouTube was proven the most quickly popularized website in history, and even started a new concept of user-submitted content in major events. The popularity of YouTube and similar services, combined with the increasing availability and affordability of high-speed connections has made video content far more common on all kinds of websites. 45

This combination of more user-created or edited content, and easy means of sharing content, has led to many sites with a typical "Web 2.0" feel. They have articles with embedded video, user-submitted comments below the article, etc. Continued extension of the WWW has focused on connecting devices to the Internet. As Internet connectivity becomes ubiquitous, manufacturers have started to leverage the expanded computing power of their devices to enhance their usability and capability. Through Internet connectivity, manufacturers are now able to interact with the devices they have sold and shipped to their customers, and customers are able to interact with the manufacturer (and other providers) to access new content. Lending credence to the idea of the ubiquity of the web, Web 2.0 has found a place in the global English lexicon. On June 10, 2009 the Global Language Monitor declared it to be the one-millionth English word.
(Extrado de http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_World_Wide_Web em 20 de junho de 2011. Adaptado)

8. O texto menciona dois sites que fazem parte deste novo modelo de Web que a Web 2.0. Que sites so estes?

9. O que explica o 8 pargrafo do texto?

10. A seguir, leia rapidamente o texto sobre Wikipedia e explique, primeiramente, o que exatamente a Wikipedia:

WIKIPEDIA Wikipedia is a free, web-based, collaborative, multilingual encyclopedia project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Its 18 million articles (over 3.6 million in English) have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world, and almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site. 46

As of May 2011, there were editions of Wikipedia in 281 languages. Wikipedia was launched in 2001 by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger and has become the largest and most popular general reference work on the Internet. The name Wikipedia was coined by Larry Sanger and is a portmanteau of wiki (a technology for creating collaborative websites, from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning "quick") and encyclopedia. Wikipedia's departure from the expert-driven style of encyclopedia building and the large presence of unacademic content has been noted several times. Time magazine acknowledged the accelerating success of online collaboration and interaction by millions of users around the world and cited Wikipedia as one of several examples of Web 2.0 services, along with YouTube, MySpace, and Facebook. Some have noted the importance of Wikipedia not only as an encyclopedic reference but also as a frequently updated news resource because of how quickly articles about recent events appear. Although the policies of Wikipedia strongly espouse verifiability and a neutral point of view, critics of Wikipedia accuse it of systemic bias and inconsistencies and allege that it favors consensus over credentials in its editorial processes. Its reliability and accuracy are also targeted. Other criticisms center on its susceptibility to vandalism and the addition of spurious or unverified information; however, scholarly work suggests that vandalism is generally short-lived.
(Extrado

de .http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia em 20 de junho de 2011. Adaptado)

11. Leia mais uma vez rapidamente e sublinhe no texto a parte que explica como o nome Wikipedia surgiu e quem cunhou este termo.

12.Quando a wikipedia foi lanada e por quem ela foi lanada?

47

13.Quais outros exemplos de servios da Web 2.0 que o texto menciona?

UNIT 07: REVIEW

Nesta ltima unidade, voc vai fazer um pequeno teste para ver se voc se recorda do significado de algumas palavras importantes relacionadas rea da Informtica que voc aprendeu ao longo desta apostila. 1.Observe os verbos a seguir, e traduza-os: (20 x 0,1 = 2,0 points) a)to screw: _______________ b)to insert: _______________ c)to attend: _______________ d)to press: _______________ e)to print: _______________ f)to process: _______________ g)to work: _______________ h)to install: _______________ i)to support : _______________ j)to push: ______________ k)to pull: _______________ l)to open : _______________ m)to close: _______________ n)to check: _______________ o)to remove: _______________ p)to match: _______________ q)to turn: _______________ r)to edit: _______________ s)to locate: _______________ t)to move: _______________

2. Agora, observe os substantivos a seguir, e traduza-os: (20 x 0,1 = 2,0 points) 1. data: _______________ 1.design: _______________ 2.report: _______________ 3.library: _______________ 4.support: _______________ 5.case: _______________ 6.speaker: _______________ 7.screen: _______________ 8.printer: _______________ 9.workstation: _______________ 10.library: _______________ 11.hard disk: _______________ 12.body: _______________ 13.plate: _______________ 14.board: _______________ 15.storage: _______________ 16.key: _______________ 17.motherboard: _______________ 18.heatsink: _______________ 19.fan: _______________

3. Leia as descries de diferentes partes do computador abaixo. Qual parte est sendo descrita em cada item? (10 x 0,2 = 2,0 points) a)It is used to print copies. ___________________ b)It is where the user types.___________________ c)It is used to point things on the computer screen. ___________________ d)It is similar to a TV. On its front part there is a screen. ___________________ e)It is where all the information is processed.___________________ f)It is necessary to connect to Internet. ___________________ g)It is a device used to hear the computer sounds.___________________ 48

h)A place in the computer where all information is kept.___________________ i)Where you read the information.___________________ j)You use it to connect the computer to the printer.___________________ 4. Assinale somente os termos que se referem a "Input Devices" : (20 x 0,1 = 2,0 points) a)( ) optical mouse k)( ) inkjet printer b)( ) trackball l)( ) floppy disk c)( ) scanner m)( ) DVD-ROM d)( ) flash drive n)( ) barcode reader e)( ) monitor o)( ) optical scanner f)( ) microphone p)( ) laser jet printer g)( ) magnetic tape q)( ) digitizer pad h)( ) light pen r)( ) hard disks i)( ) keyboard s)( ) fan j)( ) CD - ROM t)( ) speakers 5.Agora, assinale as frases que sejam verdadeiras e corrija as que esto erradas: (10 x 0,1 = 1,0 point) a. ( ) Keyboard, mouse, monitor, speakers and printers are internal components of a computer. b. ( ) The motherboard is a very important part in the computer. c. ( ) The motherboard has several holes. d. ( ) The keyboard and the mouse are the most important peripherals. e. ( ) Printers are storage devices. f. ( ) If you want connection to the Internet, you need to install a CD-ROM drive. g. ( ) Floppy drives are not very common in modern computers. h. ( ) Anything outside the case that connects to your computer is considered a peripheral. i. ( ) There are, broadly, two types of mouse: optical and mechanical. j. ( ) There is just one type of computer display: the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). 6.Traduza as palavras que esto em negrito em cada frase a seguir :(10 x 0,1 = 1,0 point) a. A computer is a programmable machine that stores and retrieves data. b. When we talk about computers, we have to consider the hardware and the software. c. The hardware consists of all the electronic and mechanical parts that make up a computer system. d. The software is the collection of data and programs needed to solve problems with a computer. 49

e. Most people don't know exactly what goes on inside of their computers. f.
The most visible parts of the system may be easy to understand.

g. The hard drive is where all the information on the computer is stored. h. The memory is different from the hard drive because it is not permanent. i. j.
The memory is simply a place for the computer to store information temporarily while it performs certain functions. Other computer parts include CD and DVD drives which can read information off CDs and DVDs.

Agora, para terminar, acompanhe a correo do teste acima com sua professora. Quantos pontos voc fez? Compare com seus colegas que esto perto de vocs. Os erros foram comuns? De quais palavras voc mais conseguiu se lembrar com facilidade? De quais palavras voc esqueceu o significado? Continue estudando e aplicando estratgias de aprendizagem de novos vocbulos em lngua inglesa. Use o dicionrio sempre que necessrio ou quando no conseguir identificar os significados das palavras pelo contexto. Foi um prazer trabalhar com voc neste semestre. Espero que esta apostila sirva de consulta para voc em outros anos tambm! Professora Gisele

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REFERNCIAS
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