ADNE DXX Training

Course Contents

• Introduction & Applications

• Architecture
• Case Studies
• Troubleshooting Scenarios
Introduction & Applications
Different Naming Conventions

• DXX (Digital Cross Connect)

• DACS (Digital Access Cross Connect)
• Bandwidth Manager
• Integrated Channel Bank
• Voice Data Multiplexer
• Multiservices Box
Key Functions Of DXX

– Multiplexes data from various channels into one

aggregate channel thus reducing the number of trunk
connections at longer distances.
– For example, 30 user channels of 64K bandwidth can
be combined into an E-1 circuit.
Channel 0

Channel 1

Channel 2
E-1 MUX

Channel 3
32 chnnels on one line

Channel 31
Bandwidth Manager

• Manages bandwidth according to the need of the end

user using sub rate or super rate multiplexing.
• Provides leased circuits in the range of 800 bits to
2 mbps and more.
Voice/Data Multiplexer

• Both voice and data can be merged into one circuit

using the DSP cards.
• Provides a high capacity voice compression using
newbridge proprietry HCV( High Capacity Voice).
• A 64 K voice channel can be compressed to as low as
16 K or 8 k without losing any noticeable quality.
Multi services Box

• Handles multiple types of traffic including voice,

video and other types of data.
• Most corporate clients use it for sending voice along
with data on the leased line circuit.
• Different Data and Voice Protocols
Digital Access Cross Connect

• Responsible for the transmission of digital data over

analog transmission lines of the Local Loop using
DSL & ISDN technologies.
• An HDSL LIM (Line Interface Module) on the E-1
card allows a DSL connection between the customer
premises ( using 2902 ) and the exchange.
• Cross Connect is connecting a data circuit to an
aggregate media circuit.
Where Mux is needed ?

• Mux is not generally used in applications where a client simply

has a leased line and wants to send only data traffic. In this case
they would simply use two DTUs (Data Termination Unit) at
their two premises to extend the digital connection.
• However if they have both data and voice requirements then
they may need services like compression and merger provided
by the Mux.
• Also mux can be used when the wan connectivity is not through
leased line but radio modems or satellite modems.
Applications --Mobile Operators
• Mobilink is using Mux for voice compression of HCV
16k.With this compression rate they can send 4 voice
conversations on one E-1 time slot.
Mobilink Lahore Mobilink Karachi

4 E-1s 4 E-1s
E- 1 Leased Line

One E-1 with 30

PBX PBX
channels each
containing 8 voice
Compression of 64 K conversations Compression of 64 K
voice channel in to 8K voice channel in to 8K
using HCV-8kbps using HCV-8kbps
Minimum BW Problem
• In 1992, minimum BW available from PTC for a leased
circuit was 2 Mbps regardless of the need of the client.

E-5 Multiplexing
E-3 34Mb

E-4 Multiplexing
E-5 622Mb
E-4 155MB
E-2 8mb
E-3 Multiplexing
Minimum BW
E-3 34Mb
E-2 Multiplexing

E-1 2Mb E-2 8Mb

E-1 2Mb
E-1 2Mb E-1 Hierarchy
Solution Æ Newbridge
Using NewBridge Mux, circuits of 64Kbps or less (in multiples
of 800 bits) are available today.PTC has over 500 Customers
8 Mbps

E-3 Multiplexing
Bandwidth Available
2 Mbps 34 Mbps
N * 64 K (transparent Mode)

E-2 Multiplexing
N * 800 bps ( HCM Mode)
8 Mbps

Max 2 Mb
2 Mbps

Min. 800 bps

3600 Functionality

•
 Key Features

System Features

• Circ uit Multiple xing

Allows multiple cus tome r circuits to be multiple xe d a cros s a ggre ga te links .

• Dig ital Cro s s -Co nne c t

Offe rs fully non-blocking digita l cros s conne ction within the node .

• S o ftware Do wnlo ad

Ne w re le a s e of s oftwa re ca n be loa de d onto a node without ne e ding to cha nge micro-chips .

• Vo ic e Co mpre s s io n

Allows voice compre s s ion to be ca rrie d out e ithe r indus try s ta nda rd, s uch a s ADP CM, Ne wbridge
proprie ta ry, HCV, A-CELP , LD-CELP or A-CELP -A (Voice Ove r Fra me Re la y)

• Vo ic e Co nfe re nc e Bridg ing

P rovide s a s imulta ne ous communica tion link be twe e n two or more voice circuits , up to 48. Up to 5
bridge s ca n be conne cte d toge the r..

• HCV / G3 Fax

Allows fa x tra ffic to be conne cte d to the s a me circuit a s HCV tra ffic by re cognis ing the s igna l a nd
s witching mode s .

• Circ uit Pro te c tio n

Offe rs me thods of "na iling-up" ba ndwidth to prote ct importa nt conne ctions .

• Ac tivity Qualifie d Ac c e s s

Working on a s imila r principle to IS DN ba ckup, providing a ba ckup to a V.35 P ri a ggre ga te link.

Architecture
 3600 Bandwidth manager
• The Alcatel MainStreet 3600 Bandwidth Manager is a flexible,
intelligent networking node that combines the functions of an
intelligent channel bank, a digital cross connect switch, an integrated
voice and data multiplexer, a frame relay and an X.25 switch. Its
modular architecture is standards-based.

Features
• 8 Universal Card slots
• 4 System slots
• 2 Power supplies running on – 48 volts DC
• Single shelf and dual shelf
 3600 Shelf Overview
10.15 in /
258 mm

3600 MainStreet

3600
MainStreet
19.15 in / 486 mm
NEWBRIDGE

19 in / 483 mm

Backplane & Equipment Interface Area Backplane Architecture

Processor
Common Bus Redundant
Control Common
Power Section (Shelf A) Control
(Shelf A)
Serial
Bus

Universal Common
Card Control
Section  Newbridge Networks Ltd
Section
UCS UCS UCS UCS UCS UCS
1 2 8 9 15 16
Shelf Shelf Shelf Shelf Shelf Shelf
A A A B B B

Interface Bus - To External Equipment Connector

3600 Backplane Capacity
• Single-shelf / Dual Shelf

The single shelf 3600 has available 8 Universal Card Slots (UCSs) for interface and
application cards. If more than 8 are required an additional shelf can be added with
a special Expander Card and allow the 3600 node to utilise 16 UCSs, all controlled
as one shelf.

• Single shelf - 32Mbps switching capacity

Each single shelf is capable of switching 32 Mbps of data across its backplane using
a fully non-blocking switching matrix. This is possible due to the Double-
Bandwidth feature available on the 3600. Each UCS is capable (with the correct
Expander Card) of supporting 2 * 2 Mbps connections, making 4 Mbps per UCS.

Therefore 8 * 4 Mbps = 32 Mbps

• Dual Shelf - 64 Mbps switching capacity

As a dual shelf is, in effect, two 3600 shelves connected together, the total
switching capacity of a dual shelf is 64 Mbps - non-blocking.
Other Mainstreet Family
Alcatel's 3612 MainStreet Narrowband Multiplexer (NBM)

It provides highly flexible delivery of multiple services

to remote small/medium branch sites or acts as a network hub
for smaller networks.

Alcatel MainStreet 2902 Multiservice NTU

It delivers managed bandwidth access of up to 2 Mbps over

existing unconditioned copper pairs (HDSL) or E1 facilities.
The single unit can reliably deliver integrated data and digital
voice access while using existing network infrastructure
Control Packet Switching System (CPSS)
• Newbridge proprietary - based on X.25 protocol
Control Packet Switching System (CPSS) is a Newbridge
proprietary system based on the X.25 protocol used for network
management.

• Used for carrying network information and control

It is used for carrying network information and control commands
around the network.

• Needs to be present on connections to all nodes.

CPSS needs to be configured on links for all nodes that are to be
managed by a network manager. Redundancy needs to be built in to
ensure that network management can still take place even if one of the
links fails.

• Capable of controlling 40 domains - 250 nodes in each

A network may contain many domains, each of these domains may
contain many nodes. CPSS is capable of controlling up to 40 domains,
each with up to 250 nodes. This allows a network size of up to 250,000
paths or 5,000 nodes.
Universal Card Types
• Data Cards
1. Line Cards
– DNIC, 2BIQ, 27LC, 28LC
2. Direct Connect Cards
– RS-232, V.35, X.21, RS-449
3. Aggregate Cards
– E-1, DE-1, V.35 PRI, X.21 PRI
• Voice Cards
– LGS, LGE, E&M
• Application Cards
– X.25, FR, ATM SC, DSP, DCP
System Card Types
• Control Card

• Expander Card

• Dual Shelf Assembly Card

• General Facilities Card

Data Cards
LINE CARDS
Cards that connect to the DTUs or separate lines directly

1. Data Network Interface Card (DNIC)

• Connects to a data device through a 2600 MainStreet series
DTU using up to 3-5 Km of standard twisted-pair wire. Each circuit on a
DNIC line card supports one DTU.
• 3, 6 or 12 ISDN compatible circuits in one card.
• supports 2B+D format (max. speed of 128K) per circuit.and minimum speed
of 800 bps
• 2601 X.21
• 2602 RS-232
• 2603 V.35 (Most frequently Used)
Line Cards (Cont.)
2. 2B1Q (two binary, one quaternary) & 27LC
• The 2B1Q and 27LC line cards connect to a data device through
a 2700 MainStreet series DTU using up to 5-7 Km of standard twisted-pair
wire. Each circuit on a 2B1Q or 27LC line card supports one DTU, which
provides two data interfaces.
• Provide six ISDN compatible circuits
• Support 2B+D format
• 27LC is the new release of 2B1Q and costs around 3-4 Lakhs
• Increased distance range than DNIC card.
• 2701 X.21
• 2702 RS-232
• 2703 V.35 (Most frequently Used)
Line Cards (Cont.)
3. 28LC card
• This is a high speed card which provides speeds of 1 Mbps (1 W) &
2 Mbps(2 W) per circuit.
• Max range of 7 Km
• Software Configurable to RS-232, V.35 and X.21
• 4 or 6 circuits
• Built-in Bert
Direct Connect Cards
For direct connection to computers, peripherals, front-end processors,video
CODECs, modems and digital network links, such as DDS or Kilostream, the
3600 MainStreet system provides cards for connection to X.21/V.11, V.35
and V.24/RS-232 interfaces.

1. V.24/RS-232 DCC
• Provides six TIA RS-232C and ITU-T V.24 interfaces
• Supports data rates up to 64 kb/s
• Connector used is DB 25 connector

2. RS-422 DCC
• RS-422 DCC provides four full-duplex interfaces, each independently
• configurable as either RS-530-A, RS-449/V.36, X.21 or V.35
• Supports speeds of 2 Mbps and 4 Mbps
3. V.35 Card
• Provides Nx64k digital network bearer
(56k Pri is 56kb/s only, N=1)

• V.35 Interface (DB 25 connector or M34 Connector)

• Card status indication
• Synchronisation failure indication
• Loopback test facility
• Interface redundancy
• DTE/DCE software selection
Aggregate Cards
1. E-1 Card
– Provides one channelized, 32-channel, 2.048 Mb/s E1 digital trunk interface
with CAS, CCS or 31-channel formats

2. V.35 PRI Card

– provide one X.21 aggregate interface operating at rates of n*64 kb/s to 1920
kb/s.
– The distance limit is upto --------.

3. X.21 PRI
– provides one V.35 aggregate interface operating at rates of n*64 kb/s to 1920
kb/s.
– The distance limit is --------.
4. Dual E-1 Card
Dual
E1
• Provides two 2 Mb/s digital trunk interfaces
Card
• G.703/G.732 recommendations
• High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL) Interface option
TX
• Optional Modules support ADPCM/ADPCM & G3 Fax or ISDN
RX
• Card status indication
LOS
Error
• Synchronisation failure indication
TX
• Loopback test facility
RX

LOS
• Bit Error Rate Option
Error
• User Selectable Severely Errored Second options
Status

• Enhanced CRC 4 Statistics

Voice Cards

1. LGE Card
– Receives dial tone from the PTCL switch or the PBX inturn connected
to the PTCl Cloud.
– Provides six, short-loop, exchange-end, FXO-compatible circuit
interfaces
– Supports a variety of T1 and E1 signalling types
2. E&M Card
– Connects to the trunk side of the exchange and provides it with dial
tone.
– Provides one, CO-compliant, long-loop, exchange-end FXO circuit
interface
– Supports a variety of T1 and E1 signalling types
Voice Cards
LGS
Card
3. LGS (Loop start ground start – subscriber)

Line 1 • Allows connection of public trunk circuits

Line 2 to high speed digital trunks
Line 3
Line 4
Line 5
• 10 or 12 ccts per card
Line 6
Line 7
• Located at subscriber end
Line 8
Line 9 • Emulates public exchange conditions
Line 10
Line 11 • Software programmable circuit parameters
Line 12
Status • Allows ringing current to be sent to subscriber
Application Cards
Frame Relay Engine (FRE) Card

• Provides Industry Standards Compliant (ITU-T I.233 &

Q.922) frame routing, dynamic bandwidth allocation,
congestion control and frame error checking.
• 4 Mbps switching capacity
• 62 streams per card with 1920 max bandwidth
for each stream
• 992 PVCs or SVCs for each frame stream
– (DLCI range 16-1007)
• 3,968 DLCIs per card
DSP (Digital Signal Processor)
DSP
• Echo cancellation
Card

• 2 or 6 CCTS per DSP, DSP2 & DSP3 card

Cct 1
Cct 2
• 2:1 and 4:1 High Capacity voice compression
Cct 3
Cct 4 • Sub rate Multiplexing (HCM)
Cct 5
Cct 6
• Echo cancellation

• Provides card status indication

• Each circuit can be configured as a
Status

merger or a compressor

DSP, DSP2 &

DSP3 card
 DSP 5 H Card

DSP5 - Bulk HCV

DSP #1
Bulk HCV on DSP5H
PCM in HCV
SRM HCV out A new DSP card, called the DSP5H, providing twenty HCV
PCM in HCV channels per UCS is being provided in this release. This
application, running on the DSP5H resource card, is used in a
DSP #2 36LG MainStreet Bandwidth Manager for the purpose of
compressing PCM voice channels.
PCM in HCV
SRM HCV out The DSP5H card consists of ten physical DSP devices which
PCM in HCV
support 20 HCV/Fax circuits on the card. In addition, each physical
DSP has a built-in SRM which can optionally be used to multiplex
••• the two HCV circuits out onto the same aggregate channel.
DSP #10
NOTE ⇒ The built-in SRMs on the DSP5H can only be accessed
PCM in HCV by the onboard HCV resource and NOT by any other
SRM HCV out external resource. Additional SRMs will have to be provided
PCM in HCV through the use of the DSP3 - DSP4 card.
Voice And Data together using SRM

SRMs SRMs
DS0

WAN
System Cards
System cards are used for node maintenance and occupy slots 9-12

Slot 9 Control Card 3

• The SCC3 provides all common control and node management facilities for
the system. This includes provisions for:
• Interfacing with the node manager
• Control of the configuration database and system clocks
• The running of system software
• On Control Card we can put the DMM (Downloadable Memory module)
which is used for compression.
System Cards
Slot 10 Expander card
• It is used to increase the DX capacity of the SCC3. TheExpander card
determines the number of UCSs accessible to the SCC3 and the number
of UCSs that support double bandwidth (62 DS0s).

Slot 11 Dual Shelf Assembly Card

• This card is used to operate both the shelves of the Node at the same time
providing 16 UCS in the case of ms3600

Slot 12 GFC card General Facilities Card

• The GFC provides extensive maintenance and diagnostic capabilities.
• Provides the capability of BERT. (Bit Error Rate Test)
Balanced Transceivers
 Shelf Configurations

Configuration Shelf Slot 9 Slot 10 Slot 11 Slot 12

Single Shelf A SCC3 Expander Empty GFC-2
Single-shelf A SCC3 SSR SCC3 GFC-2
Control redundant
Single-shelf A SCC3 SSR SCC3 (8+) GFC-2
Control redundant with double-
bandwidth switching
(8+) Upgrade
Kit
Dual Shelf A SCC3 Expander Balanced GFC-2
Transceiver
B --- --- Balanced GFC-2
Transceiver
Dual Shelf Control redundant A SCC3 Expander Balanced GFC-2
Transceiver
B SCC3 Expander Balanced GFC-2
Transceiver
NMS (Network Management System)

• Situated in Islamabad controlling over 120 nodes of PTCL and

its Clients.
• Graphical Monitoring system which monitors all the nodes,
cards and circuits between them.
• Circuit Configuration, Connection/Disconnection all through
software.
• Alcatel 5620 Network Manager operating on Sun ultra series
workstation
• Same NMS complaint with all the technologies e.g. TDM,FR,
ATM
 Menus

Window Menu

Main Menu

Scroll Bars

GUI Operating Environment and System Workspace

 3600 Node Drawing

Universal Card
section; Control
Slots 1-8 section;
Slots 9-12

Configuring Nodal Attributes

New Data Path end points

Introduction to Path Connections

Problem management

WAN

Remote alarm
logging on

Introduction to Network Maintenance

Data Interfaces in MS3600
• Electrical Interfaces
X.21
V.35
RS-232
• Physical Interface
M-34
DB-25

• V.35 can carry data speeds upto 2 Mbps and the Physical interfaces used for
this interface can be a M-34 connector or a DB-25 connector. However default
is M-34.
Distribution & Patch Panels

A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3
RS-232

A1 A2 A3 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4
X.21

+ - + - + - + - + - + -
V.35
A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3

+ - RS-422

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
Voice
Krone Block
3600 Single Shelf System

•12 E&M circuits

•3 V.35 Data circuits
Power Tray and
•8 kbps HCV Power Supply 3600 MainStreet

3600

MainStreet NEWBRIDGE
Amp-Champ Cables -
E&M and V.35 DCC

V V D D E E E
3 3 S S & & C X
5 5 P P M M T P
L
P D 5 3
R C H 1
3 6
I C
V.35 PRI Cable
+

Voice Krone Block

1 23 4 5 6 78 90 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 90
1 23 4 5 6 78 90 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 90
E&M Voices 1 23 4 5 6 78 90 1 23 4 5 6 7 8 90

Router Connections + - + - + - + - + - + -

A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 B3
M34 Distribution Panel
Leased Line Modem
 Transparent Rate Adaption

Transparent Rate Adaption 64kb/s

B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0

Transparent D D D D D D D D
• Sub-rate multiplexing is the procedure by which two or more subrate (less than
64 kbps) circuits are combined on a single 64 kbps circuit

• Transparent rate adaption does not require any framing or signalling B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0

information
56kb/s
Transparent D D D D D D D

• 3 types of cards offer transparent rate adaption: RTS or DCD

DCCs, DNIC and 2B1Q Line Cards, and DSP, DSP2 and DSP3 Cards.
B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
16kb/s
• Transparent Transparent D D

A 64 kbps transparent channel is made of eight 8 kbps elements named B7 through to B0.
The node manager represents the amount of bandwidth allocated by the number of
elements containing a D, representing 8 kbps of bandwidth.
 HCM Rate Adaption

HCM Rate Adaption

• HCM rate adaption is a Newbridge proprietary rate adaption scheme

With HCM users can establish data channels for a wider variety of interface speeds than
is possible with other rate adaption techniques.

• Three types of cards support HCM rate adaption:

• DCCs
• DNIC and 2B1Q Line Cards
• DSP, DSP2 and DSP3 Cards

• Divides a 64 kbps channel into 80 * 800 kbps elements

HCM rate adaption divides a 64 kbps channel into 80 elements that are transmitted at a
rate of 800 elements in a second. Each element represents one bit or 800 b/s of
bandwidth.

• Illustrated - the node manager displays an HCM frame as a 10-row by 8-column

matrix

The rows are named F0 to F9; the columns are named B7 to B0. The node manager
identifies an element by its row and column, for example F3-B2.
 HCM Rate Adaption

B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
F0 F S D D D D D D
F1 D D D D D D - -
F2 - - - - - - - -
F3 - - - - - - - -
F4 - - - - - - - - 10 rows
F5 - - - - - - - -
F6 - - - - - - - -
F7 - - - - - - - -
F8 - - - - - - - -
F9 - - - - - - - -

8 columns (64 kb/s)

Branch & Aggregate Channels

Merging

Aggregate
Branch SRM Channels
Channels

Distributing

Sub-Rate Mergers

• Enables several circuits to be transmitted over a single 64 kbps channel

An SRM is an entity that processes bit streams from one or more circuits. It enables
several subrate circuits (voice or data) to be transmitted over a single 64 kbps channel.
Any Questions Or Comments ?

Thanks for your patience !!!!!!!