Operating Procedures of NR - 2013-14 PDF

( (IEGC) 5.
1 () ) IEGC) 2010
Operating Procedure For Northern Region

[In compliance with Regulation 5.1 (f) of Indian Electricity Grid Code]
May 2013 Rev 0

Northern Regional Load Despatch Centre
18-A, Shaheed Jeet Singh Sansanwal Marg, Qutab Institutional Area (Katwaria Sarai), New Delhi-110016 Ph: 011-26536832
Table of Contents
1.0 GENERAL................................................................................................................................................................. 3 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................................. 3 OBJECTIVE........................................................................................................................................................... 3 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 STRUCTURE OF OPERATING PROCEDURE ................................................................................................... 3 OPERATING MANPOWER ................................................................................................................................. 5 MANAGEMENT OF OPERATING PROCEDURE ............................................................................................. 5 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................................................... 6 PLANNED OUTAGE COORDINATION PROCESS ........................................................................................... 6 OVERVIEW........................................................................................................................................................... 8 SWITCHING OF SYSTEM ELEMENTS FOR THE FIRST TIME ...................................................................... 8 SWITCHING OF IMPORTANT ELEMENTS ...................................................................................................... 8 OTHER PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING SWITCHING..................................................................... 9 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 11 PRIMARY RESPONSE ....................................................................................................................................... 11 SUPPLEMENTARY CONTROL ........................................................................................................................ 11 TERTIARY RESPONSE ..................................................................................................................................... 11 PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING HIGH FREQUENCY CONDITIONS................................................... 12 PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING LOW FREQUENCY CONDITIONS.................................................... 12 A, B, C MESSAGES ISSUED BY NRLDC ......................................................................................................... 13 DEFENCE PLAN FOR FREQUENCY CONTROL ............................................................................................ 13 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 14 VAR INTERCHANGE BY DRAWEE UTILITY................................................................................................ 14 SHUNT CAPACITOR BANK SWITCHING ...................................................................................................... 14 STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR OPERATION ................................................................................................. 14 SWITCHING OF BUS REACTORS AND SWITCHABLE LINE REACTORS ................................................ 15 VAR GENERATION / ABSORPTION BY GENERATING UNITS .................................................................. 15 CHANGING TRANSFORMER TAP POSITION ............................................................................................... 15 LOAD MANAGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING THE LOW VOLTAGE.......................................................... 15 HVDC FILTER BANK SWITCHING ................................................................................................................. 15 SWITCHING-OFF OF THE LINES IN CASE OF HIGH VOLTAGE ................................................................ 16 SUMMARY......................................................................................................................................................... 16 DEFENCE PLAN FOR VOLTAGE CONTROL................................................................................................. 16 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................... 17 PERMISSIBLE EQUIPMENT LOADING.......................................................................................................... 17 ASSESSMENT OF TRANSFER CAPABILITY ................................................................................................. 17 MAJOR CORRIDORS/FLOW GATES IN NORTHERN REGION.................................................................... 18 MONITORING OF CONGESTION .................................................................................................................... 18 GENERATION RESCHEDULING ..................................................................................................................... 18 CURTAILMENT OF SCHEDULED TRANSACTIONS .................................................................................... 18 PROCEDURE FOR RELIEVING CONGESTION ............................................................................................. 18 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 19 DEMAND ESTIMATION ................................................................................................................................... 19 DEMAND CONTROL......................................................................................................................................... 20 PROTOCOL FOR HANDLING SUDDEN REDUCTION IN DEMAND........................................................... 21
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.2 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4
PLANNED OUTAGE COORDINATION .............................................................................................................. 6
SWITCHING COORDINATION ........................................................................................................................... 8
FREQUENCY CONTROL .................................................................................................................................... 11
VOLTAGE CONTROL.......................................................................................................................................... 14
CONGESTION MANAGEMENT AND ALLEVIATION.................................................................................. 17
DEMAND MANAGEMENT.................................................................................................................................. 19
8.0
SCHEDULING AND DESPATCH........................................................................................................................ 22 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 22 JURISDICTION OF NRLDC............................................................................................................................... 22 APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION AS REGIONAL ENTITY ................................................................... 22 SCHEDULING OF LONG TERM AND MEDIUM TERM CONTRACTS ........................................................ 23 SCHEDULING OF HYDRO STATION:............................................................................................................. 24 SCHEDULING OF SHORT TERM CONTRACTS ............................................................................................ 24 TIME LINE FOR INFORMATION EXCHANGE FOR SCHEDULING............................................................ 24 TRANSMISSION LOSSES ................................................................................................................................. 25 PEAKING ............................................................................................................................................................ 25 RAMP RATE....................................................................................................................................................... 25 CURTAILMENT ................................................................................................................................................. 25 REVISION OF SCHEDULES REQUESTED BY REGIONAL ENTITIES ........................................................ 25 REVISION IN SCHEDULE INITIATED BY NRLDC........................................................................................ 27 MODERATION OF SCHEDULE BY NRLDC ................................................................................................... 27 STANDING INSTRUCTIONS BY SLDC TO NRLDC....................................................................................... 28 RESERVOIR FILING/DEPLETION FOR STORAGE TYPE HYDRO POWER STATIONS ........................... 28 IMPLEMENTED SCHEDULE ISSUED BY NRLDC......................................................................................... 28 MEDIA FOR EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ............................................................................................... 29 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 30 SETTLEMENT PERIOD ..................................................................................................................................... 30 INTERFACE METERING AND CONTROL AREA BOUNDARY................................................................... 30 TIME CORRECTION AND METER CALIBRATION ...................................................................................... 30 DATA PROCESSING.......................................................................................................................................... 30 ENERGY ACCOUNTING................................................................................................................................... 30 FORWARDING ENERGY DATA FROM NRLDC TO NRPC SECRETARIAT ............................................... 31 ADDITIONAL DATA TO BE FORWARDED TO NRPC SECRETARIAT ...................................................... 31 GENERAL........................................................................................................................................................... 32 UNIT PROTECTION SYSTEM .......................................................................................................................... 32 FLAT FREQUENCY AND RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY RELAY LOAD SHEDDING SCHEME . 32 UNDER VOLTAGE LOAD SHEDDING SCHEME ........................................................................................... 33 SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEME.................................................................................................................... 33 ISLANDING SCHEME ....................................................................................................................................... 34 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................... 35 DEFINITION OF GRID INCIDENT AND GRID DISTURBANCE ................................................................... 35 CATEGORISATION OF GRID DISTURBANCES ............................................................................................ 35 DEFERENMENT OF PLANNED OUTAGE DURING GRID DISTURBANCE ............................................... 36 RESCHEDULING DURING GRID DISTURBANCE ........................................................................................ 36 SYSTEM REVIVAL ............................................................................................................................................ 36 DECLARATION OF SYSTEM NORMALISATION POST GRID DISTURBANCE ........................................ 37
8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7
SETTLEMENT SYSTEM...................................................................................................................................... 30
10.0 DEFENCE MECHANISMS FOR THE SYSTEM............................................................................................... 32
11.0 GRID INCIDENT, GRID DISTURBANCE AND REVIVAL ............................................................................ 35
12.0 EVENT INFORMATION AND REPORTING.................................................................................................... 38 12.1 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 38 12.2 EVENT INFORMATION .................................................................................................................................... 38 12.3 REPORTING SYSTEM ....................................................................................................................................... 38 13.0 DATA ACQUISITION AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM........................................................................... 42 13.1 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................... 42 13.2 RECORDING INSTRUMENTS AND COMMUNICATION FACILITIES ....................................................... 42 13.3 CYBER SECURITY ............................................................................................................................................ 42 LIST OF ANNEXURES................................................................................................................................................... 44 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................................. 45
NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013
Page 2 of 45
CHAPTER 1 1.0 GENERAL 1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Northern Regional power system covers geographical areas in Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Rajasthan, UT Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. It comprises of fifty one (52) regional entities viz. 36 (thirty six) generating stations, 12 (twelve) buyers/Drawee Utilities and 4 (four) inter-state transmission licensees as on 15th May 2012. Regulation 5.1(f) of the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Indian Electricity Grid Code) Regulations, 2010, stipulates that a set of detailed internal operating procedure for each regional grid shall be developed and maintained by respective Regional Load Despatch Centres, in consultation with the regional constituents. In compliance with the above regulations, this document viz. Operating Procedures for Northern Region has been prepared by the Northern Regional Load Despatch Centre in consultation with the regional constituents of the Northern Region.. 1.2 OBJECTIVE
The objective of this procedure is to compile various provisions in the statute and regulations for guidance of the staff of the NRLDC, SLDC and regional entities in the Northern Region.. 1.3 SCOPE
The Operating Procedures for Northern Region applies to the power system in Northern Region. These procedures are to be read in conjunction with the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Indian Electricity Grid Code) Regulations, 2010 and Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Indian Electricity Grid Code) (First Amendment) Regulations, 2012. The Operating Procedures are without prejudice to the NRLDC s power to give directions and exercise supervision and control as stated under Sections 28 and 29 of the Electricity Act, 2003. This document would come in force with immediate effect. It super cedes the Operating Procedures issued earlier by NRLDC in May 2012. 1.4 STRUCTURE OF OPERATING PROCEDURE
The Operating Procedures for Northern Region consists of the following chapters. 1.4.1 Chapter-1: General This chapter describes the objective, scope and structure of the Operating Procedures for Northern Region. 1.4.2 Chapter-2: Planned Outage Coordination This chapter describes the procedures for coordination of planned outage 1.4.3 Chapter-3: Switching Coordination This chapter describes the protocol to be followed while coordinating switching operation in the Regional grid.
Page 3 of 45
1.4.4 Chapter-4: Frequency Control This chapter elaborates the procedures for frequency control to ensure compliance to security standards prescribed in the CEA (Grid Standards) Regulation, 2010 and IEGC first amendment-2012. It also covers the frequency linked despatch guidelines 1.4.5 Chapter-5: Voltage Control This chapter elaborates the procedures for voltage control to ensure compliance to security standards prescribed in the CEA (Grid Standards) Regulation, 2010 and IEGC first amendment-2012. 1.4.6 Chapter-6: Congestion Management and Alleviation This chapter elaborates on the congestion management philosophy and procedure in line with the CERC (Measures to relieve congestion in real time operation) Regulations, 2009, Detailed Procedure for relieving congestion in real time operation as approved by CERC vide its order dated 22.04.2013 1.4.7 Chapter-7: Demand Management The demand estimation & control is under the purview of the State Load Despatch Centres (SLDCs). This chapter describes the SLDCs interface with NRLDC with respect to demand estimation and control. 1.4.8 Chapter-8: Scheduling and Despatch This chapter details the procedures for day-ahead and same day scheduling as implemented in Northern Region 1.4.9 Chapter-9: Energy Settlement System This chapter gives a broad outline of the settlement system, which is an important post despatch activity. This activity can commence immediately after special energy meters have been commissioned at the different substations. 1.4.10 Chapter-10: Defence Mechanism for the System This chapter elaborates on the various defence mechanisms adopted for Security and reliability of the Northern Region. 1.4.11 Chapter-11: Grid Incident, Grid Disturbances and Revival This chapter describes the criteria for categorizing grid events as specified in the Central Electricity Authority (Grid Standards), Regulations, 2010. The general precautions to be observed and steps taken during restoration are also included in this chapter. 1.4.12 Chapter-12: Event Information & Reports Timely and accurate reporting of events and exchange of information plays an extremely vital role in an integrated system. The protocol to be followed in such cases is indicated in this chapter. 1.4.13 Chapter 13: Data acquisition and communication System This chapter briefly explains the system for data acquisition and communication system. This chapter also dwells on the procedures on matters related with cyber security. This document does not cover the procedure to be followed in case power supply has be regulated to any utility on account of non-payment of dues. The same would be implemented by NRLDC in line with the regulations and orders issued by CERC from time to time.
Page 4 of 45
The details indicated in this document may not be exhaustive. They are intended to serve only as a guideline for efficient system operation. In particular, these procedures do not cover the tools required for efficient and effective system operation and analysis viz. Communication Systems, Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition Systems (SCADA), Energy Management Systems (EMS), and other recording and control equipment. It is expected that these requirements would be provided by all concerned to enable efficient system operation.
1.5
OPERATING MANPOWER
The control rooms of all SLDCs, power plants, grid substations as well as any other control centres of regional constituents shall be manned round the clock by qualified and adequately trained manpower who would remain vigilant and cooperative at all the times so as to maintain the system safety and security and operate it in a most optimum manner. 1.6 MANAGEMENT OF OPERATING PROCEDURE
The Operating Procedure shall be maintained by NRLDC and would be reviewed annually or earlier in case significant changes taking place in the system warrant a review. Comments and suggestions on the document may be sent to the following address: General Manager Northern Regional Load Despatch Centre 18-A, Qutub Institutional Area Shaheed Jeet Singh Sansanwal Marg New Delhi-110016 *****
Page 5 of 45
CHAPTER-2 2.0 PLANNED OUTAGE COORDINATION 2.1 OVERVIEW
All electrical equipments may require to be taken out of service for routine or emergency maintenance to prevent damage and failure. Outage of power system elements may also be required to facilitate network augmentation related activities. Since outages in the system have an effect on the network adequacy and security, they need to be planned and coordinated carefully. Planning of outage is to be done in line with regulation 5.7.4 of the IEGC. This chapter elaborates the procedure for availing outage of important elements in the system. 2.2 PLANNED OUTAGE COORDINATION PROCESS
Requisitions for planned shutdown shall be routed through NRPC as given in Regulation 5.7.4 of IEGC. The annual outage plan for Northern Region shall be finalized by NRPC Secretariat in consultation with NLDC and NRLDC. The same shall be uploaded by NRPC on its website. The above outage plan shall be reviewed by NRPC Secretariat on quarterly and monthly basis in coordination with all parties. Shutdown requisitions approved by NRPC/OCC shall be forwarded to NRLDC at least 3 days prior to the date on which the shutdown is to be availed. If any deviation is required, the same shall be with prior permission of NRLDC. Requisitions for shutdown timing shall be planned properly and works shall be completed within approved shutdown timings. 2.2.1 Re-scheduling of approved outage plan In the event of any requirement to re-schedule any planned shutdown or to avail an emergency / unforeseen shutdown not anticipated earlier, the concerned entity shall forward a request to NRLDC indicating the nature of emergency or the reason for deferment. NRLDC would approve such unforeseen outages / re-scheduling of an already planned outage based on the exigency of the case vis--vis system conditions. In case, any spill over to the next month occurs on account of the deferment, the same would have to be brought to the notice of the Operation Co-ordination Committee by the concerned entity. On daily basis, NRLDC would review the outage schedule for the next two days and in case of any contingency or conditions described in regulation 5.7.4 (f & g) of the IEGC, defer any planned outage as deemed fit clearly stating the reasons thereof. NRLDC/NLDC may defer the requested planned outage in case of (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Grid disturbance System isolation Partial blackout in a state Any other event in the system that may have an adverse impact on the system security by the proposed outage
The revised dates in such cases would be finalised in consultation with the concerned utilities. Deviations from planned outages /shutdown shall compile on monthly basis along with reason for deviations.
Page 6 of 45
2.2.2 Final approval from NRLDC In line with the regulation 5.7.4 (i) each user, CTU and STU in Northern Region shall obtain the final approval in the form of an operation code from NRLDC prior to availing an outage. All preparatory works for maintenance must be done well in advance before availing the code so as to avoid any idling time. Such requests shall be forwarded to the NRLDC control room sufficiently in advance so as to provide adequate time for carrying out the adjustments in the network/despatch (if required) for facilitating the outage. Similarly, an operation code would have to be obtained from NRLDC before reviving the element after shut down. 2.2.3 Safety measures and switching operations during outage The operation code issued by NRLDC for opening / revival of the transmission element signifies such approval only from the system point of view notwithstanding anything contained in respect of safety measures and other switching operations to be carried out locally. The related line / substation personnel would be responsible for ensuring all safety precautions to be followed while opening / closing of any element to avoid any threat to operating personnel and equipment. 2.2.4 Timely return of shutdown During the period of shutdown, the User/STU/CTU/licensee shall keep NRLDC apprised regarding the status of work and the likely time of return of the shut down. All efforts shall be made by the constituents for timely return of shutdowns and delays if any shall immediately be reported to NRLDC along with the reasons and likely time of return of shut down. Where it is foreseen that return of Permit To Work (PTW) could be delayed due to physical distance involved in case of a transmission line, mobile phones would be used for communication with the substation to minimise the outage period. It shall be the responsibility of utility requesting the shutdown to ascertain that all work has been completed within the stipulated time and the transmission element can be safely taken back into service. 2.2.5 Maintenance work on opportunity basis Any maintenance work on opportunity basis proposed to be carried out by related agencies during the period of shutdown already approved by NRLDC would need the approval of NRLDC. The same if approved would also be intimated by NRLDC to the agency, which initially applied for the planned shutdown. On a monthly basis, a list of all shutdowns that have been taken on opportunity basis shall be compiled. The delay or extension in returning the shutdown attributable to such opportunity shutdown shall also be indicated separately. Note: Procedure for Transmission Elements Outage Planning is under discussion and will withstand all the above after it get finalized. *****
Page 7 of 45
CHAPTER-3 3.0 SWITCHING COORDINATION 3.1 OVERVIEW
Coordination of switching operations in the grid is important for ensuring safety of personnel and equipment as well as for ensuring adequacy and security of the grid. Before any operation of important elements of the Northern Regional Grid is carried out on a User/STU system, the Users, SLDC, STU, CTU, licensee shall inform NRLDC, in case the Northern Regional grid may, or will experience an operational effect. 3.2 SWITCHING OF SYSTEM ELEMENTS FOR THE FIRST TIME
In line with Regulation 6 (1) of the Central Electricity Authority (Grid Standards) regulations 2010, no entity shall introduce an element in the ISTS of Northern Grid without the concurrence of NRLDC in the form of an operation code. In case a new power system element in Northern Regional grid is likely to be connected with the Inter-State Transmission System or is to be energized for the first time, from the ISTS, the applicant User/STU/CTU/licensee shall send a separate request in advance along (at least one week) with the confirmation of the following: 3.3 Acceptance of NRLDC with regards to registration as regional entity Signed Connection Agreement if applicable Availability of telemetry of station/Element at the NRLDC/SLDC Availability of voice communication with the station at NRLDC/SLDC Interface meter installed and tested by downloading data and forwarding it to NRLDC Single Line Diagram Healthiness of Protection System/Protection Setting Statutory clearance has already been obtained SWITCHING OF IMPORTANT ELEMENTS
In line with regulation 5.2 (a, b, c), of the IEGC no part of the Northern Regional grid shall be deliberately isolated from the rest of the National/Regional grid except under an emergency and conditions in which such isolation would prevent a total grid collapse and would enable early restoration of power supply or safety of human life; when serious damage to a costly equipment is imminent and such isolation would prevent it; when such isolation is specifically instructed by NRLDC. Important elements of the regional grid, which have a bearing on the network security, is compiled and issued by NRLDC as a separate document [IEGC 5.2 (c)]. The regional entities, users, STU, CTU, licensee shall obtain operation code from NRLDC before carrying out any switching operation on any of the important elements of the Northern Regional grid. Shut down of any 400 kV bus at substation needs approval of NRLDC. In respect of double main and transfer switching scheme at 400 kV substations, NRLDC shall be informed whenever the 400 kV transfer breaker at any substation is utilized for switching any line/ICT. In a 400 kV substation/power station switchyard having breaker and a half switching scheme, outage within the substation (say main or tie circuit breaker) not affecting power flow on any line/ICT can be availed by the constituents under intimation to NRLDC. However, while availing such shutdowns or carrying out switching operations it must be
Page 8 of 45
ensured that at least two Dias are complete even after such outage from the view point of network reliability. Any outage not fulfilling the above conditions needs the approval of NRLDC. In line with the recommendations of the NRPC Protection Sub-committee vide Summary Record of Discussion of the 13th protection sub-committee meeting held on 28th January, whenever any protection system such as Bus Bar protection, LBB protection, Auto reclose etc. at generating station or grid substation is required to be taken out of service for any maintenance work, an operational code would be taken from SLDC/NRLDC. Emergency switching if any have to be carried out and immediately informed to NRLDC within a reasonable time, of ten minutes. Likewise, tripping of any of these important elements should also be informed to NRLDC within a reasonable time indicating the likely time of restoration. In case of single phase to ground fault (with low fault current level say <4 kA) one attempt to close the line would be taken by the transmission utility without waiting for an operation code from NRLDC. However the tripping and restoration would be intimated to NRLDC immediately. Before charging, all necessary precaution shall be taken care by substation and in coordination with other end substation 3.4 OTHER PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING SWITCHING
In addition to the above, it is necessary that special attention be paid to maintaining the reliability of the system. The following areas need careful implementation by the concerned constituents / stations: (i) In case of a two-bus system at any substation it must be ensured that the segregation of feeders on the different buses is uniform. This would help in minimizing the number of elements lost in case of a bus fault. This is assuming the availability of bus-bar protection at such substation(s). In 400 kV substations having a breaker and a half scheme, it must be ensured that the two buses at such substation remain connected at least by two parallel paths so that any line / bus fault does not result in inadvertent multiple outages. In case any element, say a line or an ICT or a bus reactor, is expected to remain out for a period say beyond two hours at such substation, the main & tie breakers of such elements should be closed after opening the line side isolator. This should be done after taking all suitable precautions to avert inadvertent tripping. This of course assumes that no maintenance is planned on such breakers / isolators.
(ii)
(iii) In case when circuit breaker controlling the line is under lockout it is not advisable to interrupt the changing current through an isolator the following practice to be adopted in such cases (Refer Annex-I): a) De-energise the bus connecting the line with lockout CB and then open the isolator. b) If due to some reason it is not possible to open the isolator in above mentioned way, then open the isolator so that no charging current is interrupted through the isolator and the charging current is diverted to other parallel path. Such switching sequence could be possible in case of breaker and half scheme or Double breaker Scheme, which is as follows:
Page 9 of 45
Open the line from remote end first with direct trip (DT) disabled. With this now line remains charged from the end where CB has problem. In case of breaker and half scheme open the isolator so that charging current is diverted to the parallel path and after that open the CB of parallel path. In case of double breaker scheme open the isolator of the lockout breaker diverting the charging current to other CB and then open the CB. In case of double main and transfer scheme open the isolator of lockout breaker so that divert the charging current through transfer bus coupler and then open the line through TBC circuit breaker.
It is also recommended that while vacating a bus in such cases, the operators need to check the switching arrangement for individual feeders so as to avoid unintended loss of any feeder. (iv) The substation operators must ensure the above condition even when any lightly loaded line is opened to control overvoltage. Such opening of lines is generally superimposed over other line outages on account of faults created by adverse weather conditions resulting in reduced security of the system. (v) Single pole auto-reclose facility on 400 kV / 220 kV lines should always be in service. NRLDCs approval would be required for taking this facility out of service. Likewise, in case any transfer breaker at any 400 kV substations having two main and transfer bus scheme is engaged, the same would be informed to NRLDC.
(vi) All precautions should be taken to avoid switching on to fault particularly in case of Interconnecting Transformers. In order to avoid fault current through costly equipment generally the line shall be charged from the far end, wherever possible. (vii) A transmission line side shall preferably be charged from the grid substation. Dead line charging by a generator shall normally be avoided except during system restoration, black start, or in case where both ends of the transmission line are terminating at a generating station. (viii) During test charging of transmission line for the first time, all safety precautions shall be taken and the transmission utility owning/operating the line shall satisfy the substation utility at either ends with regards to statutory/safety clearances. During test charging if the line does not hold even after two attempts, thorough checking of protection settings and line patrolling shall be carried out. (ix) Operation code issued by NRLDC for switching shall become invalid if the switching is not completed within half an hour of issue of code. In case the switching operation is not completed within half an hour of the issue of operation code from NRLDC, and if there is a probability of further delay same code could be revalidated by NRLDC within that half an hour. The utility obtaining at one end shall intimate the other end utility. *****
Page 10 of 45
CHAPTER- 4 4.0 FREQUENCY CONTROL 4.1 OVERVIEW
The nominal frequency of operation in Indian grid is 50.0 Hz. All the regional entities would make all possible efforts to ensure that the grid frequency is maintained within the band specified in Indian Electricity Grid Code. The regional entities shall regulate their generation and/or consumers load so as to maintain their actual interchange with the grid close to the schedule. Sudden reduction in generating unit output by more than one hundred (100) MW unless, under an emergency condition or, to prevent an imminent damage to the equipment, shall be avoided, particularly when frequency is falling below 49.7 Hz. Sudden increase in load by more than 100 MW by any regional entity, particularly when frequency is falling below 49.7 Hz. and reduction in load by such quantum when frequency is rising above 50.2 Hz. shall be avoided. [IEGC 5.2 (j)] 4.2 PRIMARY RESPONSE
All regional entities shall ensure that the generating units synchronised with the grid provide primary response in line with sections 5.2 (f), 5.2 (g), and 5.2 (h) of IEGC. 4.3 SUPPLEMENTARY CONTROL
All regional entities shall provide supplementary control in line with regulation 5.2 (i) of IEGC. The frequency linked dispatch guidelines for providing supplementary control are enclosed as Annex-II. In line with regulation 6.4.5 of IEGC, the regional grids shall be operated as power pools with decentralized scheduling and despatch, in which the States shall have operational autonomy. Further in line with regulation 6.4.6, the regional entities are allowed to deviate from their interchange schedule as long as such deviations do not cause system parameters to deteriorate beyond permissible limits and/or do not lead to unacceptable line loading. 4.4 TERTIARY RESPONSE
In line with IEGC regulation 5.4.2 (a) SLDC/SEB/distribution licensee and bulk consumer shall initiate action to restrict the drawal of its control area, from the grid, within the net drawal schedule whenever the system frequency falls to 49.8 Hz. Each SLDC shall regulate the load / own generation under its control so that it may not draw more than its net drawal schedule during low frequency conditions and less than its drawal schedule during high frequency conditions. Regional entity generating stations shall maintain generation such that it may not generate less than its generation schedule during low frequency conditions and more than its generation schedule during high frequency conditions. In case any state constituent is likely to face power shortage situation despite requisitioning its full entitlement from long term bilateral contracts, then it shall endeavour to enter into a bilateral agreement with the other state constituents having a power surplus and vice-versa. In any case, during low frequency conditions no state would carry out overdrawal.
Page 11 of 45
4.5
PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING HIGH FREQUENCY CONDITIONS
In case the frequency is high (above 50.2 Hz) and is in increasing trend then the following actions may be taken in order of priority: 1. Lifting of planned load shedding, curtailments if any 2. Generation reduction at hydro stations having storage capability 3. Generation backing down in coal fired thermal stations to ~ 70% & Gas station to 5060% (Refer Annex-III (A)) within state control area (in case it is under drawing) as per merit order based on variable charges 4. Downward revision of requisitions from ISGS as per merit order on request of beneficiaries 5. Downward revision of generation schedule in thermal stations by NRLDC to technical minimum 6. Reduction in generation in nuclear stations to the extent possible In case of hydro generation linked with irrigation requirements, the actual backing down or closing down of units shall be subject to limitations on such account. While the grid frequency is higher than 50.2 Hz, the MW generation at no generating station (irrespective of type and ownership) shall be increased. Provided that when the frequency has risen from a previous lower level to 50.2 Hz. or higher, and due to normal governor action, the MW output of a generating unit has fallen to a level requiring oil support or which results in unstable operation of the unit, then the MW output may be increased to the lowest level: At which oil support is not required, and At which the unit can operate in a stable and safe manner. Similarly, no generating unit shall be synchronised with the grid while the grid frequency is above 50.2 Hz. or higher, except with the specific concurrence of NRLDC and in case of nuclear units, which may have to be re-synchronised to prevent poisoning out of the reactor. NRLDC would separately issue frequency linked despatch guidelines to be followed by each power station. In line with regulation 5.2 (u), NRLDC shall make all efforts to evacuate the available solar and wind power and treat as a must run station. However NRLDC may instruct the solar/wind generator (in case it is a regional entity) to back down generation on consideration of grid security or safety of any equipment or personnel is endangered and solar/wind generator shall comply with the same. High frequency conditions in the grid are generally accompanied by high voltage. Requisite measures to control over voltage may also have to be taken. The chapter on voltage control may be referred for this. 4.6 PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING LOW FREQUENCY CONDITIONS
There are detailed provisions in the IEGC with regard to demand control. All efforts must be made to avoid situation of low frequency. The chapter on demand estimation and control may be referred for this purpose. However in case the frequency is low (below 49.7 Hz) and is in decreasing trend then the following actions may be taken:
Page 12 of 45
Increase in generation wherever margins are available Upward revision in requisition in ISGS (to the extent un-dispatched) on request of beneficiaries Increase in generation by coal/gas fired stations within State control area (if it is over drawing) as per merit order based on variable charges Suo moto increase in despatch schedule of ISGS (in case un-despatched) by NRLDC Suo moto demand curtailment by State control areas Demand regulation by NRLDC by switching radial feeders (List of feeders as given by respective utility is enclosed in Annex-III (B)
Low frequency conditions are generally associated with low voltage. Requisite measures to control low voltage may also have to be taken. The chapter on voltage control may be referred for this. 4.7 A, B, C MESSAGES ISSUED BY NRLDC
NRLDC shall issue overdrawal messages (A, B, C) based on values appearing in SCADA. The logic for issuance of message A, B and C and the format in which these messages shall be issued is enclosed as Annex IV. 4.8 DEFENCE PLAN FOR FREQUENCY CONTROL
The details may be referred in Chapter on Defence Plan.
*****
Page 13 of 45
CHAPTER- 5 5.0 VOLTAGE CONTROL 5.1 OVERVIEW
As defined in the IEGC section 5.2 (s), and para 5.3 of the Manual on Transmission Planning Criteria (Jan 2013), the operating range of the voltage at various voltage levels of grid is as follows:
Table 1: Voltage operating range
Nominal 765 400 220 132 110 66 33
Voltage in kV(rms) Normal rating Emergency rating Maximum Minimum Maximum Minimum 800 728 800 713 420 380 420 372 245 200 245 194 145 120 145 119 121 99 123 97 72 60 72.5 59 36 30
The maximum and minimum values in the above table are the outer limits and all the constituents would endeavour to maintain the voltage level well within the above limits. 5.2 VAR INTERCHANGE BY DRAWEE UTILITY
The drawee utilities/constituent states shall take action in regard to VAR exchange with the grid looking at the topology and voltage profile of the exchange point. In general the beneficiaries shall endeavour to minimise the VAR drawal at interchange point when the voltage at that point is below nominal value and shall not return VARs when the voltage is above the nominal value. In fact the beneficiaries are expected to provide local VAR compensation so that they do not draw any VARs from the grid during low voltage conditions and do not inject any VARs to the grid during high voltage conditions. 5.3 SHUNT CAPACITOR BANK SWITCHING
The switching of capacitor banks shall be as per the guidelines for switching capacitor banks formulated by the Operation Coordination subcommittee. These are enclosed as Annex-V. However if the voltage at the bus on which capacitor is connected is 1.1 per unit or higher the capacitor shall necessarily be switched off. 5.4 STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR OPERATION
Static VAR compensator shall normally be operated in susceptance control mode. The setting for SVC voltage reference shall be +/- 5% of 400 kV and shall be selected in consultation with NRLDC. If required the SVC shall be operated in voltage control mode or VAR control mode in consultation with NRLDC.
Page 14 of 45
5.5
SWITCHING OF BUS REACTORS AND SWITCHABLE LINE REACTORS
Bus reactors at 400 kV shall be taken into service whenever bus voltage exceeds 405 kV and they shall be taken out of service when voltage is below 395 kV. Standing instruction may be issued to the operating personnel at the substation. There may be exception with permission of NRLDC NRLDC shall issue operating code for switching of switchable line reactors. 5.6 VAR GENERATION / ABSORPTION BY GENERATING UNITS
In order to improve the overall voltage profile, the generators shall run in a manner so as to have counter balancing action corresponding to low / high supergrid voltage and to bring it towards the nominal value. In order to achieve the same, all generators shall generate reactive power during low voltage conditions and absorb reactive power during high voltage conditions as per the capability limits of the respective generating units [IEGC 6.6.6]. The On-Load Tap Changers (OLTCs) or Off load tap changers on the generator would also be used to take care of seasonal variations in the voltage profile. 5.7 CHANGING TRANSFORMER TAP POSITION
The transformer tap positions on different Inter-connecting transformers forming important elements of Regional Grid shall be changed as per requirements in order to improve the grid voltage. NRLDC shall coordinate and advise the settings of different tap positions and any change in their positions shall be carried out only after consultation with NRLDC [IEGC 6.6.5]. 5.8 LOAD MANAGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING THE LOW VOLTAGE
All the state constituents shall identify the radial feeders in their areas which have significant reactive drawals and which can be disconnected (manually or through Under Voltage relay) in order to improve the voltage conditions in the event of voltage dropping to low levels. The details of all such feeders shall be kept handy in the respective control rooms and standing instruction would remain with the operating personnel to obtain the requisite relief in the hour of crisis by disconnecting such feeders. In case the state constituents do not take the requisite measures and the voltage drops down to critically low levels (say 380kV and below at 400kV bus), then NRLDC may resort to regulatory measures by opening of lines including those, feeding radial loads in the areas of defaulting constituents [IEGC 6.6.3]. While taking such action, NRLDC would duly consider that the same does not result in affecting ISGS generation. 5.9 HVDC FILTER BANK SWITCHING
During conditions of high voltage in the grid, the switchable filter banks installed at the HVDC terminal stations shall be switched off wherever feasible in consultation with the operators at the terminal substations.
Page 15 of 45
5.10 SWITCHING-OFF OF THE LINES IN CASE OF HIGH VOLTAGE In the event of persistent high voltage conditions when all other reactive control measures as mentioned earlier have been exhausted, selected lines shall be opened for voltage control measures. The opening of lines and reviving them back in such an event would be carried out as per the instructions issued by NRLDC in real time and as per the standing instructions issued from time to time. While taking such action, NRLDC would duly consider that the same does not result in affecting ISGS generation. 5.11 SUMMARY The following specific action at Grid Substations / Generating Stations shall be taken in the event of voltage going high / low. In the event of high voltage (e.g., 400kV bus voltages going above 410kV), the following specific steps would be taken by the respective grid substations / generating station at their own, unless specifically mentioned by NRLDC otherwise; The bus reactors be switched in The manually switchable capacitor banks be taken out The switchable line/ tertiary reactors be taken in Operate synchronous condensers for VAR absorption Operate hydro generators / gas turbines as synchronous condenser for VAR absorption wherever possible Opening of the lightly loaded lines in consultation with NRLDC, keeping in view the security of the balance network.
In the event of low voltage, (e.g. 400kV bus voltages going down below 390kV), the following specific steps would be taken by the respective grid substations / generating station at their own, unless specifically mentioned by NRLDC otherwise; The bus reactors be switched out The capacitor banks be switched in The switchable line / tertiary reactors be taken out Operate synchronous condensers for VAR generation Operate hydro generators / gas turbines as synchronous condenser for VAR generation, wherever possible Closing of lines which were opened to control high voltage, in consultation with NRLDC
5.12 DEFENCE PLAN FOR VOLTAGE CONTROL The details may be referred in Chapter on Defence Mechanism for Northern Region.
******
Page 16 of 45
CHAPTER- 6 6.0 CONGESTION MANAGEMENT AND ALLEVIATION 6.1 GENERAL
The system planner generally designs a power system, which complies with the various transmission security standards and associated criteria mentioned in section 3.5 of the IEGC. Operating the system securely, within its design and limitations, is a fundamental requirement if security of power supply is to be maintained. This chapter describes the actions required on the part of the system operator to keep the network secured at all times against contingencies. 6.2 PERMISSIBLE EQUIPMENT LOADING
As per the CEA Manual on Transmission Planning Criteria, Jan 2013 all the system parameters line voltages, loadings, frequency shall be within permissible normal limits even under N-1 or single contingency. The loading limit for a transmission line shall be its thermal loading limit. The loading limit for an inter-connecting transformer (ICT) shall be its name plate rating. Under N-1-1 conditions some equipment may be loaded upto their emergency limits. To bring the system parameters back within their normal limits, load re-scheduling of generation may have to be applied either manually or through automatic system protection schemes (SPS). Such measures shall be applied within one and a half hour (1 ) after the disturbance. The emergency thermal ratings represent equipment limits that can be tolerated for a relatively short time which may be one hour or two hour. The maximum permissible thermal line loading of different types of line configurations, employing various types of conductors are enclosed as Annex-VI. Each system operator at SLDC / substations would endeavour to keep the line/ ICT loadings within operating limits and inform NRLDC in case of overloading of any element. Special emphasis would be paid by each system operator in identifying credible system contingencies & continuously evaluating the system under his control against these contingencies. In line with regulation 6.4.12 of IEGC, NRLDC may direct the SLDC/ISGS/other regional entities to increase/decrease their drawal/generation in case of contingencies e.g. overloading of lines/transformers, abnormal voltages, threat to system security. Such directions shall immediately be acted upon. NRLDC shall endeavour to exchange power with the neighbouring regions on opportunity basis in addition to the interregional bilateral agreements already in vogue. The prime consideration for such exchange would be improvement in the grid parameters as well as system reliability and economy. 6.3 ASSESSMENT OF TRANSFER CAPABILITY
Assessment of Total Transfer Capability (TTC), Transmission Reliability Margin (TRM) and Available Transfer Capability (ATC) for import and export of power within Northern region as required for reliable system operation and for facilitating non-discriminatory open access in transmission shall be carried out by NRLDC in coordination with National Load Despatch Centre and other RLDCs. The Detailed Procedure for Relieving Congestion in Real Time Operation as approved by the CERC vide order dated 22.04.2013 may be referred for further details. The assessed TTC, TRM and ATC shall be posted on NRLDC/NLDC website in the formats as enclosed in Annex-VII.
Page 17 of 45
6.4
MAJOR CORRIDORS/FLOW GATES IN NORTHERN REGION
List of lines in the major corridors/flow gates in Northern region have been enclosed as AnnexVIII-a. The advisory issued by National Load Desptach Centre for secure operation of the grid consequent to commissioning of the high capacity 765 kV corridor in the NEW grid is also enclosed as Annex-VIII-b. 6.5 MONITORING OF CONGESTION
Real time data for monitoring Congestion shall be displayed on the NRLDC website in the formats as enclosed in Annex-IX. 6.6 GENERATION RESCHEDULING
NRLDC may revise the interchange schedule as allowed by IEGC regulation 6.4.12, 6.5.5, and 6.5.16. Further details may be seen in the chapter on scheduling. 6.7 CURTAILMENT OF SCHEDULED TRANSACTIONS
The transactions already scheduled may be curtailed by NRLDC in the event of transmission constraints; congestion in the grid, or in the interest of grid security. In line with regulations 6.4.12, 6.5.28, 6.5.30 and 6.5.31 of IEGC the transactions shall generally be curtailed in the following sequence a. Unscheduled Interchanges b. Short term bilateral transactions c. Short term collective transactions d. Medium term transactions e. Long-term transactions Amongst the customers of a particular category, curtailment shall be carried out on pro rata basis. NRLDC would curtail a transaction at the periphery of the Regional entities. SLDC (s) shall further incorporate the inter-se curtailment of intra State entities to implement the curtailment. 6.8 PROCEDURE FOR RELIEVING CONGESTION
Congestion Management shall be as per the detailed procedure for relieving congestion in real time operationas approved by CERC vide its order dated 22.04.2013. It is important to note that the congestion charge could be applied both upstream and downstream of the congested corridor irrespective of the frequency. Whenever actual flow on inter/ intra regional link/ corridor exceeds Available Transfer Capability and security criteria are violated for continuously two time blocks, the National Load Despatch Centre may issue a warning notice. In case SLDC observes congestion within the Intra State grid it shall take appropriate action and inform the respective RLDC which in turn shall inform the NLDC. The notice for congestion shall be communicated to all the Regional entities telephonically or through fax/ voice message/ e-mail and through postings on website and making the same available on the common screen at NLDC/ RLDCs/ SLDCs. The various formats may be referred in the detailed procedure for relieving congestion in real time operation under regulation 4 (2) of the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Measures to relieve congestion in real time operation) Regulations, 2009. These formats are also enclosed as Annex-X. *****
Page 18 of 45
CHAPTER 7 7.0 DEMAND MANAGEMENT 7.1 OVERVIEW
Demand management plays a very important role in system operation. Long-term demand estimation (five years and beyond) is an important input for generation planning. In the medium term, say one year, it constitutes an important input for outage planning of generating units and transmission lines. In the short term, say within one week, it is an important input for generation scheduling. Variation in demand in real time operation from the estimated values could either be absorbed by the grid or affect it adversely. Even if the estimates are accurate, the generation could vary from scheduled values adversely affecting the grid. Demand control then plays an important role in arresting these adverse effects on the grid. Demand estimation and control is essentially the responsibility of SLDCs. NRLDC would give instructions to SLDCs on demand control whenever the same has a bearing on the security of the regional grid & such instructions would have to be complied forthwith by all SLDCs. 7.2 DEMAND ESTIMATION
(i) The SLDCs would forecast active and reactive demand (MW peak, MW off-peak & energy in MWh/MVArh) on an annual, quarterly, monthly, weekly and ultimately on daily basis, which would be used in the day-ahead scheduling. The formats for reporting demand forecasts are enclosed as Annex-XI. Each SLDC is expected to maintain a historical database for the purpose and be equipped with the state-of-the-art tools such as Energy Management System (EMS) for demand forecasting. Ideally, the forecasts should be on hourly basis (8760, 720 & 168 values respectively in the annual, monthly and weekly forecasts) rather than mentioning only the peak MW and energy requirements for the period. It is also desirable to have substation wise demand (Nodal MW / MVAr) forecasts. (ii) In line with the IEGC regulation 5.3 (c), the SLDC shall plan demand management measures like load shedding, power cuts etc. based on the demand estimate and the estimated availability from different sources and shall ensure that the same is implemented by the SEB/distribution licensees. (iii)The annual, quarterly and monthly demand forecasts would be used in the outage plan prepared by NRPC Secretariat in consultation with all the constituents. In line with IEGC regulation 5.3 (f) and 5.3 (h), the demand forecasts by the SLDC shall be provided to NRLDC and NRPC for operational planning and computation of total transfer capability. (iv)Attention would also be paid by SLDCs in demand forecasting for special days such as important festivals and National Holidays having different crests and troughs in the daily load-curve as compared to normal days. (v) It is also important that, the reactive power requirements are forecasted right from substation level by each SLDC. The reactive power planning exercise and programme for installation of reactive compensation equipments should take care of these requirements also.
Page 19 of 45
7.3
DEMAND CONTROL
The need for demand control would arise on account of the following conditions: Variations in demand from the estimated or forecasted values, which cannot be absorbed by the grid. Unforeseen generation / transmission outages resulting in reduced power availability. Network congestion (voltage levels beyond normal operating limits, violation of TTC, network element load beyond operating limit etc.) Heavy reactive power demand causing low voltages. Commercial reasons. In the interest of system security due to any other contingency in Northern or neighbouring regions.
Demand management measures shall be taken by SLDCs/SEB/distribution licensee/User/bulk consumer in line with the regulation 5.4 of IEGC. Further sub-regulation 6 of Regulation 6.4 of Principal Regulations mandates that 6. The system of each regional entity shall be treated and operated as a notional control area. The algebraic summation of scheduled drawal from ISGS and from contracts through long term access, medium-term and shortterm open access arrangements shall provide the drawl schedule of each regional entity, and this shall be determined in advance on day-ahead basis. The regional entities shall regulate their generation and/or consumers load so as to maintain their actual drawal from the regional grid close to the above schedule. Deviation, if any, from the drawl schedule, shall be within the limits specified by the Central Commission in UI Regulations and it shall not cause system parameters to deteriorate beyond permissible limits and shall not lead to unacceptable line loading... Thus in line with regulation 7 (1) of CERC (Unscheduled Interchange charges and related matters) (Amendment) Regulations, 2010 it shall be ensured by the beneficiary or buyer that the UI by the respective control area during a time block shall not exceed 12% of its scheduled drawal or 150 MW, whichever is lower, when frequency is below 49.8 Hz and 3% on a daily aggregate basis for all the time blocks when the frequency is below 49.8 Hz. In line with para 14.4 of the Statement of Objects and Reasons in the matter of the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Unscheduled Interchange charges and related matters) Regulations, 2009 dated 8th June 2009 the UI mechanism should not be construed as arrangement to meet capacity/energy requirements of beneficiaries. Beneficiaries must contract for adequate power. The utilities must ensure long term contract or short term contract arrangements for meeting their energy requirement. The generators / sellers and the beneficiaries/ the buyers should use avenues like bilateral trading or the trading platforms of power exchanges by availing open access for meeting short term, medium term or long term arrangements or agreements. NRLDC may give instructions for demand disconnection under normal and/or contingent conditions. Demand control would have to be exercised under these conditions by the SLDCs/SEB/distribution licensee/User/bulk consumer, which could be done by either of the following methods or a combination thereof: Manual demand disconnection. Shutting off or reconnecting bulk power consumers having a special tariff structure linked to number of interruptions in the day.
Page 20 of 45
PC based system for rotational load shedding with facilities for central programming and uploading of the disconnection schedule for the day from the SLDC / Sub-LDC to the substations.
The interruptible loads shall be arranged in four groups of loads, for scheduled power cuts/load shedding, loads for unscheduled load shedding, loads to be shed through under frequency relays/ rate of change of frequency relays (df/dt) Loads to be shed under any System protection Scheme identified at NRPC level.
These loads shall be grouped in such a manner that there is no over lapping between different groups of load. During the demand control by manual disconnection of loads by staggering in different groups, the roster changeover from one group to another shall be carried out in a gradual and scientific manner so as to avoid excursions in the system parameters. Each SLDC would also identify feeders drawing heavy quantum of reactive power and disconnect the same under low voltage conditions. The necessary metering arrangements for identifying such feeders would be provided by the SLDCs. 7.4 PROTOCOL FOR HANDLING SUDDEN REDUCTION IN DEMAND
During the event of sudden load throw off in the system suitable measures to control High frequency & High Voltage may be taken as elaborated in Section 4.5 and Section 5.10 respectively of this document. Depending on the quantum of demand reduction, it may be segregated into A, B, C and D as under: Category-A : Demand reduction = Upto 20 % Category-B : Demand reduction = Between 20 to 30 % Category-C : Demand reduction = Between 30 to 40 % Category-D : Demand reduction = More than 40%
The protocol for handling exceptionally large reduction in demand is enclosed as Annex-XII
*****
Page 21 of 45
CHAPTER-8 8.0 SCHEDULING AND DESPATCH 8.1 OVERVIEW
As per section 28(3)(a), the Electricity Act 2003, the RLDCs shall be responsible for optimum scheduling and despatch of electricity within the region, in accordance with the contracts entered into with the licensees or generating companies operating in the region. The system of each regional entity shall be operated as a notional control area and the regional grids shall be operated as power pools with decentralized scheduling and despatch [IEGC-6.4.5 and 6.4.6]. The approval for connectivity, long term Access, Medium term Open Access and Short term Open Access (Bilateral as well as Collective) shall be in line with the appropriate Regulations and procedures approved by CERC. This chapter illustrates the procedure for scheduling the approved contracts and the treatment to be accorded for special situations. 8.2 JURISDICTION OF NRLDC
The jurisdiction of NRLDC for scheduling and energy settlement is governed by regulation 6.4.2, 6.4.3, 6.4.4 of the IEGC. A list of registered users shall be available on the website of NRLDC. The list of Entities whose scheduling shall be coordinated by the NRLDC is given as Annex-XIII (A). The generation scheduling for the stations under Bhakra Beas Management Board (BBMB) would be co-ordinated and finalised by BBMB in accordance with the requirements of the beneficiary states viz. Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh and subject to the irrigation and hydrology constraints. The schedules so finalised for each BBMB station would be communicated to NRLDC. NRLDC shall be the Nodal Agency for processing of applications for Short term Open Access where the drawal point lies within the control area of one of the regional entities of Northern Region. 8.3 APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION AS REGIONAL ENTITY
In compliance to regulation 24 of the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (fees and charges of Regional Load Despatch Centre and other related matters) Regulations, 2009 all users located in the Northern region whose scheduling, metering and energy accounting is to be coordinated by Northern Regional Load Despatch Centre (NRLDC) shall register themselves with the NRLDC by filing application in the format prescribed as Annex-XIII (B) to these Procedures. The application shall be submitted at least three months in prior to the proposed interconnection date. 8.3.1 DATA TO BE SUBMITTED FOR REGISTRATION The applicant shall furnish following details along with the application for registration Grant of connectivity, Long term Access/Medium term Open Access by the CTU/STU Connection Agreement signed by the applicant with CTU/STU
Page 22 of 45
Geographical map indicating the point of connection with ISTS/STS Power Purchase Agreement signed by the applicant with the long term beneficiaries Address, contact number, email ID of a Nodal officer
When NRLDC is convinced of its jurisdiction over the applicant (in light of various provisions in IEGC) the applicant shall submit additional technical details as mandated by various regulations. This may inter alia include the following details: Proposed schedule for testing and commissioning Switching Diagram of the station at the time of commissioning Equipment protection scheme envisaged System recording instruments installed at the station Data and communication facilities installed at the station Interface Metering Arrangement along with the CT/PT ratios % allocation (in case if regional entity generator)
In case of hydro generating stations following additional data shall be submitted Category of hydro station 10 daily inflows Expected generation in 90 % dependable year (Design Energy) Curve /table for reservoir level vis-a-vis energy content A check list in this regard is also enclosed in Annex-XIII (C) It shall be the responsibility of the regional entity to comply with all the statutory obligations. Entities registered with NRLDC shall coordinate with the CTU/STU, NRLDC/SLDC for ensuring the availability of interface metering as well as data and speech communication with NRLDC/SLDC control centre. The entity shall submit a testing and commissioning schedule and cooperate with NRLDC in interconnection with the ISTS. The regional entity shall furnish any other technical detail requested by NRLDC as and when requested for. 8.4 SCHEDULING OF LONG TERM AND MEDIUM TERM CONTRACTS
In line with Regulation 32 of CERC (Terms and Conditions of Tariff) Regulations 2009-14, NRLDC shall consider the shares / allocations of each beneficiary in the total capacity of Central sector generating stations as determined by the Central Government, for the purpose of scheduling. The shares shall be applied in percentages of installed capacity and shall normally remain constant during a month. Based on the decision of the Central Government the changes in allocation shall be communicated by the Member-Secretary, Regional Power Committee in advance, at least three days prior to beginning of a calendar month, except in case of an emergency calling for an urgent change in allocations out of unallocated capacity. The total capacity share of a beneficiary would be sum of its capacity share plus allocation out of the unallocated portion. In the absence of any specific allocation of unallocated power by the Central Government, the unallocated power shall be added to the allocated shares in the same proportion as the allocated shares. The Regional Entities in Northern region shall keep NRLDC informed about the details of their long term contracts for the purpose of scheduling. The algebraic summation of scheduled drawal from ISGS and from contracts through a long term, medium term and short term open access arrangements shall provide the drawal schedule of each regional entity, and this shall be determined in advance on day-ahead basis.
Page 23 of 45
8.5
SCHEDULING OF HYDRO STATION:
Scheduling of Hydro station shall be done as per various provisions in IEGC 6.5 and CERC Tariff regulation. The compensation in the day ahead schedule for the fourth day (Day + 3) shall be carried out as per IEGC 6.5.13. In case of spillage due to transmission constraints/ Unit tripping the expected energy of that day will be reduced by the quantum of energy lost due to spillage, Say, S4 = E4 + (A1-E1) E1 will be taken as revised expected energy as explained above 8.6 SCHEDULING OF SHORT TERM CONTRACTS
Processing of applications for Short term Open Access in inter State shall be carried out in line with the procedures prepared by CTU and approved by CERC in 28th May 2009. The CERC Regulations and Procedures are available on the NRLDC website under Open Access link on the home page. A web based utility has been developed for processing of applications. Only approved short term open Access applications shall be considered for scheduling. 8.7 TIME LINE FOR INFORMATION EXCHANGE FOR SCHEDULING
The procedure for day-ahead scheduling has been elaborated under regulation 6.5 of the IEGC. The time line for exchange of information between NRLDC, NLDC, SLDC and various Regional Entities for the purpose of scheduling is summarised in the table below: Table 2: Time line for information exchange S No. 1 Information particulars Station-wise ex-power plant MW and MWh capabilities foreseen for the next day i.e 0000 hrs to 2400 hrs for 96 blocks of 15 minutes duration each. MW and MWh entitlements available to each state during the following day at 15 minutes interval Requisition in each of the ISGS in which they have long term and medium bilateral interchanges, approved short term bilateral interchanges Generation schedule finalised for its stations in consultation with its partner states From ISGS (Regional Entity Generator) NRLDC To NRLDC To be sent by (time in hrs) 0800
SLDC
1000
SLDC
NRLDC
1500
BBMB/DEL HI SLDC(For Bawana CCGT) Scheduling Request of Collective NLDC Transactions
NRLDC
1500
NRLDC
1600
Page 24 of 45
S No. 6
Information particulars
From
To Regional Entity NRLDC SLDC/ ISGS
7 8 8.8
Interchange schedule to each of NRLDC the regional entity, in MW after deducting the apportioned estimated transmission losses Modifications/ changes to be SLDC/ISGS/ made if any in the above schedule Regional Entity Final generation / drawal NRLDC schedule TRANSMISSION LOSSES
To be sent by (time in hrs) 1800
2200 2300
The application of transmission losses on the various transactions shall be in line with approved procedure for Sharing of Inter-State Transmission System losses dated June 2011 in compliance of CERC (Sharing of Inter-state Transmission Charges & Losses) regulation, 2010. 8.9 PEAKING
The run-of-the-river power station with pondage and storage type power stations shall be scheduled to operate during peak hours to meet system peak demand. The total peak hours duration for the purpose of peaking shall be taken as 3 hours. The time period for morning and evening peak may be considered as per the system peak demand. The maximum capacity of the station declared for the station shall be considered as equal to the installed capacity including overload capability, if any, minus auxiliary consumption, corrected for the reservoir level [IEGC 6.5.12]. The Declared Capability of the ISGS (except in case of run-of-the-river with up to three hours of pondage) during peak hours should not be less than that during other hours [IEGC 6.4.17]. 8.10 RAMP RATE ISGS /Regional Entity generators in Northern Region shall be expected to capable of ramping rate of up to 200 MW/hour. Hydro electric generating stations may be expected to provide a higher ramp rate [IEGC 6.5.14]. During fuel shortage scenario ISGS shall also declare the possible ramping up/ramping down [IEGC 6.4.16]. 8.11 CURTAILMENT In the event of contingencies, transmission constraints, congestion in the network, threat to system security the transactions already scheduled by NRLDC may be curtailed for ensuring safety and reliability of the system. This is further discussed in Chapter on Congestion Management and alleviation. 8.12 REVISION OF SCHEDULES REQUESTED BY REGIONAL ENTITIES Revision in the day-ahead schedule would be allowed as per the various provisions in the Grid Code. The time from which the revised scheduled would be effective have been summarised in the table below.
Page 25 of 45
Table 3: Revision of Schedule by regional entity S No. Particulars of request revision in schedule for Time block from which the revised schedule would be effective from Revision in Declared Capability Sixth by an ISGS having two part tariff with capacity charge and energy charge (except hydro stations) Revision in Declared Capability Fourth by an ISGS in case of tripping Revision in Declared Capability Sixth by run-of-the river hydro and pondage based hydro generating stations Revision of Declared Capability Sixth by renewable generators Remarks
Revision of Short term Open Fourth Access (Bilateral) injection schedule by Seller under forced outage of generator of capacity 100 MW and above. Revision in Requisition by a Sixth Regional Entity in ISGS having two part tariff
Time block in which the request for revision was received by NRLDC would be considered as first Time block in which the request for revision was received by NRLDC would be considered as first If there is large variation of expected energy (MWh), revision may be allowed at 6 hourly interval effective from 0000 hrs, 0600 hrs, 1200 hrs, 1800 hrs [IEGC 6.5.18] Time block in which the notice was given shall be considered as first. There may be one revision for each time slot of 3 hours starting from 00:00 hrs of particular day subject to maximum 8 revisions during the day Time block in which the forced outage is declared shall be considered as first. Time block in which the request for revision was received by NRLDC would be considered as first
Note: a) In the cases (1), (2), (3), (4) and (5) above, there need not be any fresh requisition from the beneficiaries and NRLDC would assume that the MW requirement of the SEB from the grid would be the same as given in the day-ahead schedule. The station wise requisition from each ISGS would be re-worked by NRLDC in line with the procedure described in 6.5.3 above. b) To discourage frivolous revisions, NRLDC may, at its sole discretion, refuse to accept schedule/capability changes of less than two (2) percent of the previous schedule/capability.
Page 26 of 45
c) The schedule of the thermal generating stations indicating fuel shortage which intimating the Declared Capability to NRLDC (except gas based ISGS) shall not be revised except in case of forced outage of generating unit. 8.13 REVISION IN SCHEDULE INITIATED BY NRLDC NRLDC may initiate revision in schedule under various provisions of IEGC. Table 4: Revision in Schedule by NRLDC S No. 1 Particulars of revision in Revised schedule by NRLDC Schedule would be effective from Bottleneck in evacuation of Fourth power of ISGS due to constraint, outage, failure or limitation in the transmission system, associated switchyard and substations owned by the CTU or any other inter-state transmission licensee Transmission constraint Fourth In the interest of better Fourth system operation Grid Disturbance Remarks Time block in which the bottleneck in evacuation of power has taken place to be the first one. The schedule in the first, second and third block shall be deemed to be equal to actual generation. Time block in which the revised schedule was issued by NRLDC Time block in which the revised schedule was issued by NRLDC Scheduled generation of all the ISGS and Scheduled drawal of all beneficiaries shall be deemed to have been revised to be equal to their actual generation/drawal for all time blocks affected by grid disturbance
2 3 4
Note: Generation and drawal schedules issued/revised by the NRLDC shall become effective from designated time irrespective of communication success. [IEGC 6.5.24] 8.14 MODERATION OF SCHEDULE BY NRLDC The IEGC allows RLDC to moderate the interchange schedule of the Regional Entities under certain conditions. These are summarised below:
Page 27 of 45
S No. 1
Table 5: Moderation of Schedule by NRLDC Particulars of moderation Rational for moderation/ condition under carried out by NRLDC which moderation to be carried out Generation schedule of run-of- For optimized utilization of available hydro river hydro power station with energy to meet system peak demand pondage and storage type hydro power stations Interchange schedule of Regional Transmission constraints foreseen while Entities finalising the interchange schedule or in the event of bottleneck in evacuation of power necessitating reduction in generation Requisition from different states For making schedule operationally reasonable particularly in terms of ramping up / ramping down rates and ratio between minimum and maximum generation levels
8.15 STANDING INSTRUCTIONS BY SLDC TO NRLDC Regulation 6.5.6 of the IEGC allows SLDC to give standing instruction to NRLDC such that NRLDC itself may decide the best drawal schedule. However in the spirit of de-centralised scheduling market mechanism, it is expected that such SLDC should convey to NRLDC at least the following information on 15-minute time block basis: Total MW required from the grid at its periphery MW schedule for bilateral exchanges
Based on the above information, NRLDC would work out the requisitions from each ISGS considering the merit order of energy charges in respect of ISGS stations after translating the above MW values to ex-power plant (considering an estimated level of transmission losses). This is without prejudice to the procedure given for short term open access transactions. 8.16 RESERVOIR FILING/DEPLETION FOR STORAGE TYPE HYDRO POWER STATIONS The strategy for reservoir filling and depletion in respect of ISGS hydro would be reviewed in the monthly OCC meetings of NRPC, when the outage plan is reviewed. Based on the strategy evolved, the ISGS hydro stations would declare their MWh capability accordingly in the daily scheduling. As far as possible the request for silt flushing may be sent to NRLDC at least a week in advance so that its scheduling may be coordinated. In any case, an operation code shall be obtained prior to the commencement of silt flushing operation. The protocol for coordinated generation reduction and silt flushing at Karcham Wangtoo HPS and Nathpa Jhakri HPS is enclosed as Annex-XIV (A). Likewise the protocol for Chamera-I and Chamera-II & Malana1&II is enclosed as Annex- XIV (B) & XIV (C) respectively. 8.17 IMPLEMENTED SCHEDULE ISSUED BY NRLDC On completion of the operating day i.e. after 2400 hrs, the final schedule as implemented shall be issued by NRLDC after incorporating all before the fact changes during the day of operation. Various steps involved in the scheduling and the final schedule issued by NRLDC shall be open to all the constituents for any checking/verification for a period of 5 days. In
Page 28 of 45
case any mistake/omission is detected, NRLDC shall forthwith make a complete check and rectify the same [IEGC 6.5.33]. 8.18 MEDIA FOR EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION Considering the large volume of information needed to be exchanged in a time bound manner, the transfer of information between NRLDC and other constituents i.e. states and ISGS a web based scheduling program has been developed at NRLDC for Day Ahead and Current Day Scheduling. This program enables data entry at ISGS and constituent locations through web based user interface. The program also enables the users to view and download the injection and drawal schedules and other customised reports such as un-requisitioned surplus in ISGS, comparison of revised interchange schedule in comparison to the original interchange schedule. The web based scheduling program may be accessed from the NRLDC website. Separate LOGIN / PASSWORD have been provided to the concerned utilities. Login name as allotted by NRLDC will remain same. However password may be changed by concerned utility. Any suggestion / feedback on the new software for further improvement may please be sent through e-mail (wbs@nrldc.org). The Regional entities shall upload the information to NRLDC site in regard to scheduling at the designated time and download the interchange schedules from NRLDC site at the designated times. The conventional voice / fax arrangement would act as back-up in case of failure of PC -to- PC communication link through INTERNET. In case NRLDC wants to revise the schedule due to transmission constraints or otherwise, then the required intimation will be flashed by NRLDC to the constituents telephonically/fax/coded message and accordingly the constituents can download the revised schedule from NRLDC website. *****
Page 29 of 45
CHAPTER -9 9.0 SETTLEMENT SYSTEM 9.1 OVERVIEW
The settlement system involves metering, data collection and processing, energy accounting and raising of bills by the different constituents. This chapter indicates the roles and responsibilities of the different constituents in making the settlement system operative. 9.2 SETTLEMENT PERIOD
For the purpose of scheduling and settlement the entire day shall be divided into 96 time blocks of 15 minutes duration each. 9.3 INTERFACE METERING AND CONTROL AREA BOUNDARY
The placement of interface meters in Northern region shall be in line with the CEA (Installation and Operation of Meters), regulations, 2010. The regional entities may coordinate with CTU and NRLDC for installation of interface meters [IEGC 6.4.21]. The control area boundary shall be determined by the placement of interface meters. The location of interface meters shall not be altered without prior consent of NRLDC. The concerned entities may coordinate with NRLDC and the CTU in case of a need for change in control area boundary due to change in the network topology due to LILO, augmentation in the network etc. 9.4 TIME CORRECTION AND METER CALIBRATION
The concerned entities in whose premises interface meters are installed shall take suitable measures for time correction and energy meter calibration. 9.5 DATA PROCESSING
All concerned entities in Northern Region (in whose premises the interface meters are installed) shall take weekly meter readings and transmit them to NRLDC by Tuesday noon. The SLDCs in Northern region must ensure that the meter data from all installations within their control area are transmitted to NRLDC within the above schedule [IEGC 6.4.21]. Whenever there is a change in the location of interface meters or there is a change in the CT/PT ratios, the concerned entities shall promptly inform NRLDC. The concerned entities shall coordinate with NRLDC in case of any problems in data collection and its transmission to NRLDC. NRLDC would carry out data validation and in case of any problem, request any sub-station to send the data again. Each substation is advised to maintain necessary back up of data. 9.6 ENERGY ACCOUNTING
Based on above energy meter readings, the computation of the net injection/drawal of each regional entity shall be carried out in line with clause 6.4.22 of IEGC. All computations carried NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013 Page 30 of 45
out by NRLDC shall be open to all constituents for checking / verification for a period of 15 days and mistakes/ omissions detected, if any, would be rectified. 9.7 FORWARDING ENERGY DATA FROM NRLDC TO NRPC SECRETARIAT
Following data shall be forwarded from NRLDC to the NRPC Secretariat on a weekly basis by each Thursday noon for the seven day period ending on the previous Sunday mid-night in line with regulation 6.4.22 of IEGC This processed meter data is: Implemented schedules Reactive energy transactions between one Regional Entity to another and from one regional Entity to the ISTS points Period of Transmission Constraint Period of Congestion Period of Grid Disturbance Exception Report 9.8 ADDITIONAL DATA TO BE FORWARDED TO NRPC SECRETARIAT
Following data shall also be forwarded from NRLDC to the NRPC Secretariat on a weekly/monthly basis. Data required for billing of transmission charges Availability certification of transmission lines
*****
Page 31 of 45
CHAPTER -10 10.0 DEFENCE MECHANISMS FOR THE SYSTEM 10.1 GENERAL Well designed and healthy defence mechanism is a pre requisite for secure operation of the interconnected system. The safety net envisaged in the Northern region is elaborated ahead. 10.2 UNIT PROTECTION SYSTEM In line with the regulation 3 (e) of the CEA (Grid Standards) regulation 2010 all regional entities shall provide standard protection systems having reliability, selectivity, speed and sensitivity to isolate the faulty equipment and protect all components from any type of faults, within the specified fault clearance time. The protection philosophy specified by the Northern Regional Power Committee is enclosed as Annex-XV. As agreed in the Protection Coordination Sub-committee all the regional entities shall submit a certificate of healthiness of protection system at their respective substations. The certificate should also confirm that that the protection settings are as per the protection philosophy specified by NRPC. Protection audit of the substations shall be carried out by the respective utilities on a regular basis as advised in Protection coordination committee meetings. As per 3 (e) of CEA (Grid Standard) regulation 2010, the fault clearance time shall be within the time mentioned in table below: S no. 1 2 Table 6: Fault Clearance time Nominal System voltage Maximum Time (kV rms) (in milliseconds) 765 and 400 100 220 and 132 160
All substations of 220 kV and above shall be equipped with breaker fail protection and bus bar protection scheme. Non clearance of the fault by a circuit breaker within the time limit, the breaker fail protection shall initiate tripping of all other breakers in the concerned bus-section to clear the fault in next 200 milliseconds. 10.3 FLAT FREQUENCY AND RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY RELAY LOAD SHEDDING SCHEME As per the Indian Electricity Rules 1956 (amended up to 25th Nov 2000) the permissible range for grid frequency is +/- 3 % of nominal i.e. 48.5 Hz to 51.5 Hz. The permissible frequency ranges (by manufacturers) for operation of various makes of Steam Turbine as extracted from Report of the NREB Task Force on Frequency Control, Dec 1992 is enclosed as Annex-XVI. Under-frequency and rate of change of frequency (UFR & df/dt) are envisaged to take care of sudden contingencies arising out of outage of generation stations or separation of inter regional lines. UFRs setting are for steady state operation of the grid at considerably low frequency and df/dt settings are for fast change in frequency due to large generation outage. The settings of UFRs as decided in NRPC are 48.8Hz, 48.6 Hz and 48.2 Hz with the State wise load relief enclosed in Annex-XVII.
Page 32 of 45
Three stages of df/dt settings have been envisaged.
Stage 1 of df/dt setting is to protect the combined NEW grid from loss of generation
of a large power station. Stage 2 of df/dt is to protect the split grid from loss of generation of a large power station in NR, WR & ER. Stage 3 of df/dt is to protect the individual regional grid/ state grid from loss of generation in the event of isolation. The setting and quantum of relief through df/dt relay as decided in NRPC is enclosed in Annex-XVIII. In line with regulation 5.4.2 (e) of IEGC, the interruptible loads in a control area shall be arranged in four groups of load,
for scheduled power cuts/load shedding, loads for unscheduled load shedding, loads to be shed through under frequency relays/(df/dt) relays and Loads to be shed under any System Protection Scheme identified at the RPC level.
These loads shall be grouped in a manner, that there is no overlapping between different groups of loads. This would ensure that the automatic relief through these relays would be available to the system under all conditions. NRLDC shall keep a comparative record of the expected load relief and actual load relief from UFR, df/dt, UVLS relays and SPS. The same would also be placed by NRLDC in the monthly meetings of the Operation Co-ordination subCommittee (OCC) of NRPC. 10.4 UNDER VOLTAGE LOAD SHEDDING SCHEME To insulate the Regional Grid from the exigencies due to low voltage problem, Under Voltage Load Shedding Scheme has been implemented as per the decision of 3rd NRPC meeting held on 10.11.2006 at Mussoorie.
Uttar Pradesh has installed UVRs at 13 places with 190 kV and 5 second delay, and
has planned 873.8 MW reliefs. Punjab has 3 nos of UVRs set at 190 KV with a time delay of 10 seconds with a load relief of 265 MW at Moga, Malerkotla and Bahadurgarh (Bhateri) s/stn. Uttarakhand has one UVR installed at Rishikesh set with 190 kV. Planned relief is 3060 MW. Delhi has one UVR installed at 400 kV Bamnauli with 360 kV with delay 10-15 sec delay. The planned relief is 50-100 MW. Rajasthan has three UVR installed at 132kV Mandan, 132kV K.G.Bas & 220kV Neemrana set at 90% of normal voltage with time delay of 30 second. Planned relief is 15 MW, 22 MW and 30 MW respectively.
10.5 SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEME Outage of a large capacity link between two distant nodes in a synchronously interconnected system may result into excessive loading on parallel AC lines, severe drop in voltage profile, power oscillations and finally leading to a major blackout or brown out in the system, in case instantaneous corrective actions are not in place. On the other hand similar outage in an asynchronously connected system may result into load generation imbalance on either side of
Page 33 of 45
the link. In view of the above few System Protection Schemes have been implemented in Northern region. These involve predefined generation backing down as well as load shedding under selected contingencies. The SPS schemes have been described in detail in Annex-XIX. 10.6 ISLANDING SCHEME In order to isolate the healthy subsystems following a large-scale disturbance, few generating stations/Users and State Utilities have implemented islanding schemes. Such schemes are in operation in Nuclear power Stations of NAPS, RAPS-A and RAPS-B. Details are enclosed as Annex-XX. Islanding schemes of Delhi, Punjab & Uttar Pradesh have also been formulated. However they are yet to be commissioned. Users/utilities intending to implement any islanding schemes for their station may do so in consultation with NRLDC and NRPC secretariat. *****
Page 34 of 45
CHAPTER -11 11.0 GRID INCIDENT, GRID DISTURBANCE AND REVIVAL 11.1 GENERAL This chapter is in compliance with the regulation 6.4.22 of the IEGC that mandates the RLDC to formulate the procedure for meeting contingencies both in long run and the short run. It describes the guidelines for classification of grid events into different categories, for the purpose of analysis and reporting. The milestone to be reached so as to consider the system as normal is also indicated. The general precautions to be observed, while restoring a disturbed system are also covered in this chapter. The detailed sequence to be followed for restoration would be as per the System Restoration Procedures for Northern Region brought out by NRLDC. 11.2 DEFINITION OF GRID INCIDENT AND GRID DISTURBANCE The Grid Incident and Grid Disturbance as defined in the CEA (Grid Standards) Regulation 2010 is as underA Grid Incident means tripping of one or more power system elements of the grid like a generator, transmission line, transformer, shunt reactor, series capacitor and Static VAR Compensator, which requires re-scheduling of generation or load, without total loss of supply at a substation or loss of integrity of the grid at 220 kV and above (132 kV in the case of North-Eastern Region).- [CEA Regulation 2 (j)] A Grid Disturbance means tripping of one or more power system elements of the grid like a generator, transmission line, transformer, shunt reactor, series capacitor and Static VAR Compensator, resulting total failure of supply at a sub-station or loss of integrity of the grid, at the level of transmission system at 220 kV and above.- [CEA Regulation 2 (i)] In the event of a grid incident/disturbance, utmost priority is to be accorded to early restoration / revival of the system. It is possible that during such a situation the system may have to be operated with reduced security standards for the voltage and frequency as necessary in order to achieve the fastest possible recovery of the grid [IEGC 5.8 (d)]. 11.3 CATEGORISATION OF GRID DISTURBANCES The criteria for classifying grid incidents and grid disturbances as described in the Central Electricity Authority (Grid Standards) Regulation, 2010, is indicated in the Table below. 11.3.1 CATEGORISATION OF GRID INCIDENT Table 7: Type of Grid incident Category GI-1 Description Tripping of one or more power system elements of the grid like a generator, transmission line, transformer, shunt reactor, series capacitor and Static VAR Compensator, which requires rescheduling of generation or load, without total loss of supply at a substation or loss of integrity of the grid at 220 kV
Page 35 of 45
Category GI-2
Description Tripping of one or more power system elements of the grid like a generator, transmission line, transformer, shunt reactor, series capacitor and Static VAR Compensator, which requires rescheduling of generation or load, without total loss of supply at a substation or loss of integrity of the grid at 400 kV and above
11.3.2 CATEGORISATION OF GRID DISTURBANCE Table 8: Type of Grid disturbance Category GD-1 GD-2 GD-3 GD-4 GD-5 Generation or Load lost as a percentage of antecedent generation or load in the regional grid Less than 10 % More than 10 % but Less than 20 % More than 20 % but Less than 30 % More than 30 % but less than 40 % More than 40 %
For the purpose of categorisation of grid disturbances percentage loss of generation or load, whichever is higher shall be considered. 11.4 DEFERENMENT OF PLANNED OUTAGE DURING GRID DISTURBANCE NRLDC may defer the planned outage in case of any disturbance; system isolation; partial outage in a state; any other event in the system that may have an adverse impact on the system security by the proposed outage. [IEGC 5.7.4 (g)] 11.5 RESCHEDULING DURING GRID DISTURBANCE In case of any grid disturbance, scheduled generation of all the ISGS and scheduled drawal of all the beneficiaries shall be deemed to have been revised to their actual generation/drawal for the time blocks affected by the grid disturbance. Grid disturbance and its duration shall be notified by NRLDC for this purpose. [IEGC 6.5.17] 11.6 SYSTEM REVIVAL The recovery of the system shall be carried out as mentioned in the companion document System Restoration Procedures for Northern Region prepared by NRLDC in consultation with NLDC, all Users, STU, SLDC, CTU and RPC Secretariat and shall be reviewed/ updated annually. The general guidelines and precautions to be followed during system revival are indicated below:
Page 36 of 45
(i) While building up the system, it would be ensured that the voltage at the charging end remains within limits. A small amount of essential load should be connected at each substation before extending the network. However, the ultimate objective viz. building up of the network should not be lost sight of, while connecting the loads. (ii) Security of the network being built up would be strengthened at the earliest by closing the parallel lines available in the restoration path while system parameters to be maintained. (iii)Priority would be accorded for extending supplies to railway traction and installations where safety is of paramount importance such as nuclear power stations. (iv)All switching instructions for a particular system have to emanate from a single agency viz. SLDC/CPCC as the case may be. For synchronisation of two systems, NRLDC would be the co-ordinating agency. Wherever a communication problem is foreseen, proper standing instructions would be issued to the substation engineers for implementation. (v) During revival of the system, only authorised personnel would be present in control rooms of substations / power stations / SLDCs / NRLDC so as to expedite restoration of the system. (vi)In line with Section 5.8 (e) of IEGC, all communication channels required for restoration process shall be used for operational communication only, till grid normalcy is restored. (vii) All generating units would be on free governor operation and the excitation controlled to maintain proper voltage profile. (viii) Synchronising facility should be available at major grid substations so as to have maximum flexibility in choosing the point of synchronisation. 11.7 DECLARATION OF SYSTEM NORMALISATION POST GRID DISTURBANCE After a Grid Disturbance of category GD-1, GD-2, GD-3, GD-4, the system would be deemed to have been normalised if all subsystems have been synchronised and 80% of the total loss of generation/load, during the incident, has been revived. After a Grid Disturbance of category- GD-5 , the system would be deemed to have been normalised if, all subsystems have been synchronised; Power has been extended to each affected grid substation; At least one unit at the affected power station has been synchronised (subject to a maximum of three hours of receipt of start-up power). NRLDC shall inform the regional entities, users, STU/CTU/Licensees, SLDCs in this regard. 11.7.1 INTER REGIONAL SUPPORT In case of disturbance or any other contingency in the Northern Region or any other neighbouring region, NRLDC shall permit exchange of such power with the neighbouring region on Unscheduled Interchange (UI) basis, needed to meet the essential load, start-uppower, railway traction and other such emergent requirements for the duration of such contingencies. ***** NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013 Page 37 of 45
CHAPTER-12 12.0 EVENT INFORMATION AND REPORTING 12.1 OVERVIEW Timely and accurate reporting and exchange of information plays a very important role in system operation. Since the Northern Regional Grid has a large number of Users/regional entities/ constituents with wide spread boundaries, the manner in which the information flow would take place becomes very important. This is particularly important during a grid incident/disturbance or a crisis situation. Timely and accurate information flow under such conditions would greatly reduce an element of uncertainty and help people in making an informed decision. In case system restoration is likely to get delayed, it is important that the general public is also well informed to avoid any unrest. Such instances could result in a major credibility crisis for the Electricity Supply Industry (ESI) and has to be avoided at all cost. This chapter describes the information to be exchanged between the constituents and NRLDC and its periodicity. 12.2 EVENT INFORMATION Any tripping of an element falling under the list of Important elements of Regional Grid, whether manual or automatic, shall be intimated by the control centre of the constituent to NRLDC in a reasonable time say within ten (10) minutes of the occurrence of the event [IEGC 5.2 (d)]. Along with the tripping intimation, the reason for tripping (to the extent determined) and the likely time of restoration shall also be intimated. Such intimation can be on telephone or fax or e-mail. Any operation planned to be carried out by a constituent which may have an impact on the regional grid, or on any of the Important Element of Northern Regional Grid, shall be reported by the User, STU, CTU, licensee to NRLDC in advance. Any operations planned to be carried out on the instructions of NRLDC which may have an impact on the system of a constituent / constituents shall be reported by NRLDC to all such constituents in advance. Any prolonged outage of power system elements of any user/STU/CTU, which is causing or likely to cause danger to the grid or sub-optimal operation of the grid, shall be reported by NRLDC to NRPC. The intimation and the exact time of revival of an element falling under the category of Important Elements of Northern Regional Grid whether revived after a tripping or after a prolonged outage shall be intimated to NRLDC immediately. 12.3 REPORTING SYSTEM The details of the Event Reports and the Periodic Reports to be prepared and issued by Constituents / NRLDC are as follows:
Page 38 of 45
12.3.1 Event Report (SLDC/ Constituent/ User / regional Entity/ STU/CTU/inter state transmission licensee to NRLDC). In the event of tripping of any element falling under the category of Important Elements of Northern Regional Grid the EVENT REPORT shall be sent by the concerned constituent to NRLDC within a period of four (4) hours of the occurrence of the event in the form detailed under regulation 5.9.6 of IEGC. Such report shall follow the telephonic / flash reporting the constituent would do in a reasonable time, say within ten (10) minutes of the occurrence of the event. 12.3.2 Grid Incident/Disturbance Report (SLDC/Constituent / User/ STU/ CTU/ interstate transmission licensee to NRLDC): In the event of a grid Incident/disturbance the constituent/User/STU/CTU/licensee whose areas / stations get affected in the Incident/disturbance shall submit a report to NRLDC at the earliest. Along with the report clear copies of Disturbance Recorder (DR), Sequential Event Recorder (SER) and Data Acquisition System (DAS) outputs, relay flag indications, restoration sequence, tripping analysis and remedial measures would be sent so as to reach NRLDC within 24 hours of the incident/disturbance [IEGC 5.2 (r)]. Further in line with the CERC (Standards of Performance for inter-state transmission licensees) Regulations 2012, every month the inter-state transmission licensees shall furnish the data pertaining to each tripping so as to enable computation of dependability index, security index, and reliability index for the inter-state transmission licensee. The relevant schedule from the aforesaid CERC regulations is enclosed as Annex-XXI 12.3.3 Grid Incident/Disturbance Report (NRLDC to NLDC/ SLDC/Constituents/ User/ STU/ CTU/ inter-state transmission licensee): In the event of a grid incident/disturbance NRLDC shall issue a brief preliminary report in prescribed format (Enclosed as Annex-XXII), indicating the affected area or system, extent of outage and likely cause of initiation. The preliminary report for a grid disturbance would be issued within twenty four hours of the occurrence of the disturbance. This would be followed by a detailed report in the following manner. (i) Grid Disturbance Category GD-5: Flash report within a period of six (6) hours followed by a detailed report within ten (10) working days. (ii) Grid Disturbance Category- GD-1, GD-2, GD-3 and GD-4: Flash report within a period of five (5) hours, followed by a detailed report within a period of seven (7) working days. (iii) Grid Incident (GI-1 and GI-2): Flash report within a period of four (4) hours, followed by a detailed report within a period of four (4) working days. The number of days mentioned above for issuing of detailed report by NRLDC is indicative only and would depend upon timely furnishing of information / data by the concerned constituents in line with section 12.3.2 above.
Page 39 of 45
12.3.4 Automatic load shedding through SPS/ Under Frequency/(df/dt)/Under Voltage Relay Operations (Constituents to NRLDC and NRLDC to NRPC/CERC) In line with the regulation 5.2 (n), 5.2 (o) 5.2 (t) of the IEGC, automatic load shedding (including inter tripping and run back) would be initiated as result of operation of SPS/UFR / (df/dt)/UVLS relays. In order to check and ascertain their operation as per approved plans, the details of all such tripping in their areas shall be intimated by each User/SLDC to NRLDC, whenever they occur or whenever required. NRLDC shall keep a comparative record of expected load relief and actual load relief obtained in real time system operation (UFR and df/dt) as per IEGC regulation 5.2 (n). A monthly report on expected load relief vis-a-vis actual load relief shall be sent to the NRPC and the CERC. 12.3.5 Frequency Response Characteristics (FRC) The frequency response of the State control area/Region shall be computed in line with CERC approved Procedure for Assessment of FRC in petition No. 49/MP/2012 (order dated 3rd May 2013. Templates are enclosed as Annex-XXIII. 12.3.6 Daily Report In line with IEGC regulation 5.5.1 (b) a daily report covering the performance of the regional grid shall be prepared by NRLDC based on the inputs received from SLDCs/Users and shall be put on its website. 12.3.7 Weekly Report (NRLDC to Constituents) A weekly report shall be issued by NRLDC to all constituents of the region covering the performance of the regional grid during the previous week, in line with regulation 5.5.1 of IEGC. Such report shall be issued within two (2) working days of the completion of the week. Such weekly report shall be available on the website of the NLDC for at least 12 weeks. 12.3.8 Quarterly Report (Constituent to NRLDC and NRLDC to constituents) A quarterly report shall be issued by NRLDC to all the constituents elaborating the power supply position during the last quarter, quality of supply, the system constraints and other relevant information in line with regulation 5.5.2 and regulation 3.4 (b) (v) of IEGC. Such report shall be issued within two (2) weeks of the completion of the quarter. As per 5.8 (b) of the IEGC mock trial of the procedures for different sub-system shall be carried out by the Users/CTU/STU at least once every six months under intimation to the RLDC. Diesel Generator sets for black start would be tested on weekly basis and test report shall be sent to RLDC on quarterly basis. RLDCs shall maintain a proper record of all the mock trials conducted and forward it to NLDC as a part of quarterly report of disaster management. A feedback on the operational issues shall be forwarded by NRLDC to NLDC on a quarterly basis in line with the NLDC circular dated 04th February 2013. The format is enclosed as Annex-XXIV.
Page 40 of 45
12.3.9 Exceptional Reporting (constituents to NRLDC) The above reporting schedules are to be strictly followed. However, in case of any contingency such as an industrial unrest, natural calamity in any part of the region etc., there could be additional reporting requirements not covered in the above schedule. NRLDC would inform all constituents of any such exceptional requirement and the constituents would extend the necessary co-operation in this regard. *****
Page 41 of 45
CHAPTER-13 13.0 DATA ACQUISITION AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 13.1 OVERVIEW In line with regulation 4.6.2 and 5.2 (q) of the IEGC each User, STU, RLDC, NLDC and CTU shall provide and maintain adequate and reliable communication facility internally and with other Users/STUs/RLDC/SLDC to ensure exchange of data/information necessary to maintain reliability and security of the grid. Wherever possible, redundancy and alternate path shall be maintained for communication along important routes, e.g. SLDC to RLDC to NLDC. CERC vide its order dated 26.09.2012 in petition 168/MP/2011 with IA No. 39/2012 has directed as under: Under the grid code, it is the responsibility of all users, STUs and CTU to provide systems to telemeter power system parameters in line with interface requirements to telemeter power system parameters in line with interface requirements and other guidelines made available by RLDC and associated communication system to facilitate data flow upto appropriate data collection point on CTUs system. In view of the critical importance of telemetry and associated communication system for ensuring reliability in operation of the grid and optimum utilization of the transmission system, there is an imperative need for all users to establish the telemetry and associated communication system in time bound manner so that the power system operation may be most reliable and optimum. Moreover, in view of the requirement of communication system for generating station and sub-station, the planning should be done in advance by the generating company and transmission licensee to ensure that necessary system are in place before commissioning of generating station or substation to take care of the communication requirements even at the time of injection of inform power by a generating station and sub-station during testing. 13.2 RECORDING INSTRUMENTS AND COMMUNICATION FACILITIES The recording instruments such as Data Acquisition System, Disturbance Recorder, Event Logger, Fault Locator, Time Synchronisation Equipment, and any other such equipment in each generating station / substation / control centre / SLDCs shall be kept in good working condition in order to record the events and their sequences. All such places shall have a common time reference so that any event can be coordinated with respect to different locations having common time base. Each regional constituent shall provide adequate and reliable communication facility with NRLDC as well as internally and with other constituents in order to ensure exchange of data / information necessary to maintain reliability and security of the grid. 13.3 CYBER SECURITY
13.3.1 Overview In line with regulation 4.6.5 of IEGC, all utilities shall have in place, a cyber security framework to identify the critical cyber assets and protect them so as to support reliable operation of the grid. Cyber security is important to protect sensitive and critical data. Compliance to Cyber security standards is essential to protect against identity theft and malware threats. NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013 Page 42 of 45
13.3.2 Recommended practices Recommended practices for ensuring cyber security are listed below: Physical Security Computer Locks BIOS (Basic Input Output System) Security Account & Password Management Only authorized personnel should have access to the computers Enforce appropriate/Strong passwords Appropriate permissions to access folders /files Data Backup and Restoration Periodical backup individual and organisations data Test restoring data from backup media Keep backups offsite Keep onsite back up in a secure, fire proof area Operating Systems Check the operating systems we use on our workstations and servers updated with current security "patches" and service packs Application Software Check our common applications (e.g. databases, accounts package) configured for security Confidentiality of Sensitive Data Protect sensitive data under our control Disaster Recovery Prepare disaster recovery plan & test it regularly Network and server security Adopt safe computing policies and procedures Providing information about computer security to our staff Hardware failure Keep contact list /resource person in case of hardware failure Check whether the contract for service support is good enough to withstand a serious hardware failure Hosted services Keep our website account secure/password protected Check whether the website is backed up by the host provider
*****
Page 43 of 45
LIST OF ANNEXURES Annex-I Annex-II Annex-III (A) Annex-III (B) Annex-IV Annex-V Annex-VI Annex-VII Annex-VIII (A) Annex-VIII-(B) Annex-IX Annex-X Annex-XI Annex-XII Annex-XIII (A) Annex-XIII (B) Annex-XIII (C) Annex-XIV (A) Annex-XIV (B) Annex-XIV (C) Annex-XV Annex-XVI Annex-XVII Annex-XVIII Annex-XIX Annex-XX Annex-XXI Annex-XXII Annex-XXIII Annex-XXIV Switching Protocol of Stuck Breaker Frequency Linked Despatch Guidelines for supplementary control Rescheduling of thermal stations during high frequency List of feeder to be opened for demand regulation by NRLDC Format for Message A, B, C issued by NRLDC Guidelines for Switching of Capacitor Banks Maximum permissible thermal line loadings of typical line configurations and conductor type Format for Display of TTC, TRM and ATC List of lines in the major corridors /Flow gate in Northern Region NLDC Advisory for operation of the high capacity 765 kV corridor Format for Monitoring of Congestion Format for Application/Withdrawal of Congestion Charge Format for reporting demand forecasts by SLDC Protocol for handling exceptional reduction in demand List of Regional Entities in Northern region as on 30th April 2013 Format for Registration as user Check list for new regional entity Protocol for coordinated generation reduction at Karcham Wangtoo and Nathpa Jhakri HPS Protocol for coordinated generation reduction at Chamera-I and ChameraII HPS Protocol for coordinated generation reduction at Malana-I and Malana-II HPS Protection Philosophy agreed for implementation in Northern region Permissible Frequency Range for Operation of Various Makes of Steam Turbines Automatic Under Frequency Load Shedding Setting and Quantum of relief Rate of Change of Frequency setting and Quantum of relief System Protection Scheme in Operation in Northern Region Islanding Scheme in Northern Region Format for data to be submitted by inter-state transmission licensees to POSOCO in line with CERC (Standards of Performance of inter-state transmission licensees) Regulations, 2012 Format of Preliminary report Format for Frequency Response Characteristics computation Format for feedback on operational issues to be submitted quarterly to NLDC
Page 44 of 45
REFERENCES
1. Government of India legislation and policy a. Electricity Act, 2003 b. National Electricity Policy, 2005 c. Tariff Policy, 2006 Central Electricity Authority Regulations/Criteria a. Manual on Transmission Network Planning Criteria, January 2013 b. Grid Standards, Regulations, 2010 c. Installation and Operation of Meters, Regulations, 2010 d. Connectivity to the Grid, Regulations, 2007 e. Technical Standards for Construction of Electric Plants and Electric Lines, 2010 Central Electricity Regulatory Commission Regulations a. Short term Open Access in Inter State Transmission, 2008 b. Terms and Conditions of Tariff, 2009-14 c. RLDC fees and Charges, 2009 d. Measures to relieve congestion in real-time operation, 2009 e. Grant of Connectivity, Long term Access and Medium term Open Access in Inter State Transmission and Related Matters) (Amendment), 2010 f. Indian Electricity Grid Code, 2010 and IEGC (First Amendment), 2012 g. Unscheduled Interchanges and Related Matters, 2009 and Amendment 2010 h. Power market, 2010 i. Standards of Performance of inter State transmission licensees, 2012 Central Transmission Utility Procedures a. Procedure for making application for Grant of Connectivity in ISTS, 2010 National Load Despatch Centre Procedures a. Procedure for Scheduling of Bilateral Transaction, June 2009 b. Procedure for Relieving Congestion in Real Time Operation, April 2010 c. Procedure for computation of PoC rate, June 2011 d. Procedure for obtaining data by Implementing Agency for determination of PoC Charges and Losses, June 2011 e. Procedure for sharing of ISTS losses: June2011 f. Procedure for Assessment of Frequency Response Characteristics (FRC), 2013 g. Detailed Procedure for relieving Congestion in real-time operation, 2013 Central Board of Irrigation and Power Manual a. Manual on Reliable Fault Clearance and Back up Protection of EHV and UHV transmission Networks, Publication No. 296, September 2005 b. Manual on Protection of Generators, Generator Transformers, and 220 kV and 400 kV Networks, Publication No. 274, November 1999
2.
3.
4. 5.
6.
Page 45 of 45
ANNEXURES
Annexure-
C.4.Best Practices for interrupting charging current when breaker controlling the transmission line is under lockout.
(Extract from Minutes of meeting of NRPC 13 Protection Sub Committee meeting)
th
SE(O) requested representative of NRLDC to brief the sub committee about the issue. Representative of NRLDC stated that several incidents of multiple lines outages while deenergising the line through isolator have been witnessed in the northern region. Such requirement arises usually when the circuit breaker controlling the line is under lockout. PSC members agreed that when breaker controlling the transmission line is under lock out, it is not advisable to interrupt the changing current through an isolator. PSC recommended the following practice to be adopted in such cases. 1. De-energise the bus connecting the line with lockout CB and then open the isolator. 2. If due to some reason it is not possible to open the isolator in above mentioned way, then open the isolator so that no charging current is interrupted through the isolator and the charging current is diverted to other parallel path. Such switching sequence could be possible in case of breaker and half scheme or Double breaker Scheme, which is as follows: Open the line from remote end first with direct trip (DT) disabled. With this now line remains charged from the end where CB has problem. In case of breaker and half scheme open the isolator so that charging current is diverted to the parallel path and after that open the CB of parallel path. In case of double breaker scheme open the isolator of the lockout breaker diverting the charging current to other CB and then open the CB. In case of double main and transfer scheme open the isolator of lockout breaker so that divert the charging current through transfer bus coupler and then open the line through TBC circuit breaker.
PSC also recommended that while vacating a bus in such cases, the operators need to check the switching arrangement for individual feeders so as to avoid unintended loss of any feeder. The Members agreed to implement the protocol as recommended in PSC meeting.
Annexure-II
FREQUENCY LINKED DESPATCH GUIDELINES
All generating units above 200 MW should participate in primary regulation wherein the output of the generator increases or decreases as per droop characteristics of the turbine without any manual action when the frequency decreases or increases respectively. However as per IEGC regulation 6.4.15, all regional entities should abide by the frequency linked dispatch guidelines. This implies that each generating stations is expected to maintain its scheduled generation till a threshold frequency where the UI rate is more than the variable cost of generation of that unit. Therefore when the output of the generating unit has changed as a result of mandatory primary response, its output may be readjusted depending upon the system frequency and the variable charge of the station. For this purpose, the threshold frequency for ISGS unit shall be determined from the prevailing design of the Unscheduled Interchange vector and the variable charge of the station. The threshold frequency for the generating units within the State control area will be specified by SLDCs. The generator on its own can reduce generation when frequency goes above this cut-off frequency. For frequency below cut-off frequency, the generator would respond to frequency changes but would come back to its set point in a slow manner with ramp rates of 1% MW per minute. This may be further understood by the illustration given below. Consider a generator of 500 MW capacity with 5% droop setting, operating at 100 % load when the frequency is 49.6 Hz (Operating point A in figure 1). In case the frequency falls from 49.6 Hz, the generator would pick up load say up to 105 % (i.e. 525 MW and limited by load limiter set at 525 MW; Operating point B in figure 1). After the primary response by the generator, the load on the generator may be reduced in a gradual manner and may be brought back to its original level of 100% (i.e. 500 MW; operating point C in figure 1) in about 5 minutes time. At point C, the machine can once again respond to frequency change from C with droop of 5 % (along dotted line CD). In case of frequency increases from 49.6 Hz, the generator would reduce its output instantaneously as per droop characteristics (Operating point would change from A to E). After the primary response by the generator, the load on the generator may be increased in a gradual manner to the desired level (Operating point would change from E to F). Alternatively, if the generator is operating at threshold level say at point G in figure 1 and the frequency rises further, then the machine can drop generation as per droop characteristics (operating point G to H and then from H to J ).
Figure 1: Frequency linked despatch for supplementary regulation
Generation Schedule of Gas stations
Annexure-III (A)
Annexure-III(B)
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN UTTAR PRADESH
S No. Transmission element to be opened 220 kV Narora-Simbhauli 1 220 kV Meerut- Simbhauli 220 kV Meerut Shatabdinagar 220 kV Meerut- Modipuram D/C 2 3 400 kV Ballabhgarh-G Noida 4 5 220 kV Gorakhpur(PG)-Basti 220 kV Tanda-Basti 220 kV Allahabad (PG)-Jhuri 220 kV Rabareli-Chinhat 6 220 kV Lucknow_PG-Chinhat 220 kV Mainpuri-Ferozabad 220 kV Kanpur-Naubasta 220 kV Fatehpuri-Naubasta 220 kV Meerut-Gajraula 400 kV Dadri- Greater Noida Gajraula Noida/ Greater Noida Basti Phulpur Chinhat area of Lucknow Ferozabad Naubasta 100 500 Simbhauli Shatabdinagar 200 Affected Area Approx load relief (MW) Remarks Limited alternate supply may be available from Muzaffarnagar and Nara substations Security of NAPS would be affected 400 kV Delhi ring would be weakened thus affecting the reliability of Delhi power supply Security of Tanda Thermal Power Stations may be affected Limited alternate feed may be available from 400/220 kV Sultanpur Limited alternate supply may be available from 400 kV Sarojninagar via 220 kV Hardoi Road and Gomtinagar. Limited alternate supply may be available from Agra_UP Traction supply from Naubasta may be affected
50 50-100 50-100
7 8
50-100 100
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN PUNJAB

S No. Power supply interruption in Ghulal Chandigarh Road, Ludhiana Sherpur, Ludhiana Sungrur and adjoining areas Amritsar and adjoining areas Approx Relief (MW) 20-50 25 Remarks
Transmission element to be opened 132 kV Jamalpur-Ghulal D/C 66 kV Jamalpur Chandigarh Road,Ludhiana
2 66kV Jamalpur-Sherpur, Ludhiana 10
These feeder is replacement of Jamalpur-Miliarganj D/C as reported by PSTCL by Memo No. 1162/T-257 dated 23-11-12. In review it was found that df/dt and UFR was already installed on Jamalpur-Miliarganj D/C Limited alternate supply may be available through 220 kV Sarna and 220kV Jallandhar.
220/66 kV ICT1, 2 & 3 at Sangrur 220 kV Amritsar-Khasa D/C
100
220 kV Amritsar-Verpal D/C
100
5 6 7
132 kV Hamirpur-Chohal 220 kV Patiala-Nabha D/C 220 kV Jallundhar-Kapoorthala
Hosiyarpur Nabha Kapoorthala
50-100 40 50
Limited alternate supply available from Mahilpur -
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN JAMMU & KASHMIR

S No. Power supply interruption in Udhampur Jammu Approx Relief (MW) Remarks
Transmission element to be opened 220 kV Kishenpur-Udhampur D/C
1 2
220 kV Sarna-Udhampur 220 kV Kishenpur-Bar n D/C 220 kV Sarna-Hiranagar
100-150 100
3 220 kV Salal-Jammu D/C 220 kV Wagoora-Ziankote D/C 220 kV Wagoora-Ziankote D/C 5 220 kV Wagoora-Pampore D/C 220 kV Kishenpur-Mir Bazar 220 kV Kishenpur-Ramban
Jammu & Hiranagar
300-400
Kashmir valley
200-300
Limited alternate feed may be available from 132 kV. Generation at Chenani HEP may be affected. Limited alternate feed may be available from Jammu Entire Jammu region could be affected. Alternate feed may be available from Barn and Udhampur. Generation at Sewa HEP may get affected Limited alternate feed may be available from Pampore. Generation at Lower Jhelum could get affected Though Uri generation may be evacuated through 400 kV Wagoora-Kishenpur D/C but the security would be affected.
Kashmir valley
400-500
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN RAJASTHAN

S No. 1 Transmission element to be opened 220 kV Bhiwadi-Bhiwadi 220 kV Bhiwadi-Alwar 220 kV BTPS-Alwar 2 220 kV Bassi-Kukas D/C 220 kV Bassi- Dausa 220 kV Anta-Dausa 220 kV Anta-Sawai Madhopur 220 kV Agra-Bharatpur 220 kV Hissar-Khetri($) 220 kV Dadri-Khetri D/C 220 kV Neemrana_PGNeemrana_RRVPNL Kukas Bharatpur Dausa Khetri Neemrana 100200 150200 50-100 150 Bhiwadi & Alwar 50-100 Power supply interruption in Approx Relief (MW) Remarks
Limited alternate supply may be available from Bassi & Heerapura via Kukas and from Dausa. Bassi ICT may get overloaded. Limited alternate supply may be from Heerapura and Alwar Limited alternate supply may be available from Dholpur GPS. Security of Anta GPS may be affected Limited alternate supply may be available from Ratangarh & Heerapura. -
4 5
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN HARYANA

S No. Transmission element to be opened Power supply interruption in Panipat, Kurukestra, Jagadari, Hissar, Ballabgarh Panipat, Kurukestra, Jagadari, Hissar, Dhulkote, Ballabgarh Approx Relief (MW) 305 Remarks
Feeders in Schedule A
Feeders in Schedule B
225
3 4 5
6 7 8
132kV Bahadurgarh and 132kV RaiBahadurgarh , RaiSonepat line emanating from Narela 55 Sonepat BBMB 66kV Babyal, 66kV Ambala city-1&2 Babyal, Ambala city 40 emanating from Dhulkote BBMB 66kV Globe Steel ckt-1&2 emanating from 220kV Samaypur(Ballabgarh) Ballabgarh 40 BBMB 66kV A-5 Faridabad ckt-1&2 emanating from 220kV Samaypur Faridabad 55 (Ballabgarh) BBMB 66kV Sohna emanating from 220kV Sohna 25 Samaypur (ballabgarh) BBMB 220/132kV, 220/66 kV ICTs at BBMB stations such Hissar, Ch. Dadri, Kurukhetra, Jagadri. Dhulkote, Narela can be opened. However, many 132kV, 66 kV and below feeder are covered under Schedule A &B
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

S No. 1 2 3 Transmission element to be opened 66 kV Bhakra-Rakkar 66 kV Pong-Sansarpur 220 kV Dehar-Kangoo 132 kV Dehar-Kangoo 220 kV Jallandhar-Hamirpur D/C 220 kV RSD-Jessore 220 kV Panchkula-Baddi 220 kV Panchkula- Kunihar 220 kV Khodri-Majri 132 kV Kulhal-Giri 220 kV Nalagarh-Nangal D/C Power supply interruption in Rakkar Sansarpur Shimla Approx Relief (MW) 10-15 10-15 50-100 Remarks
Hamirpur
50-100
5 6 7
Baddi/Kunihar 100-200 Majri/ Solan Nangal 100-150 50-100
400 /220 kV Dehar ICT may be overloaded Limited alternate supply may be available from 132 kV JessoreDehra. Evacuation for RSD may be affected Limited alternate supply may be available from 132 kV Kunihar Limited alternate supply may be available from 132 kV Kunihar Industrial load at Nangal may be affected
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN UTTARAKHAND

S No. Transmission element to be opened Power supply interruption in Pant Nagar/ Haldwani Kotdwar Sitarganj, Kichha Roorkee Approx Relief (MW) Remarks
1 2 3
220 kV Bareilly- Pantnagar 132 kV Nazibad-Kotdwar 220/132 kV Sitarganj ICTs 132 kV Dohna-Sitarganj 132 kV Dohna -Kichha 400/220 kV Roorkee ICTs 220 kV Nara-Roorkee
200 20-50 50-100
Limited alternate supply may be available from 132 kV Kashipur to Haldwani Generation of Chilla P/H may be interrupted Generation of Khatima will interrupt Grid disturbance may occur due to overloading of 220kV Rishikesh-Sidkul & 240MVA ICT at 400kV Rishikesh
100-200
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN DELHI

S No. Transmission element to be opened Power supply interruption in Approx Relief (MW) 100 200-350 20-30 200-300 Remarks
1 2 3 4
220 kV BTPS-Noida-Gazipur 220 kV BTPS-Okhla 1 & 2 33 kV D1, D2, D3 & D4 feeders from Rohtak Road (BBMB) 220 kV Maharani Bagh-Lodhi Road D/C
Ghazipur Okhla Rohtak Road Lodhi Road
Limited alternate supply through 66 kV feeders from Patparganj. Reliability of VIP load from Lodhi road may be affected
FEEDERS FOR PHYSICAL REGULATION OF SUPPLY IN UT CHANDIGARH

S No. 1 2 3 Transmission element to be opened 220 kV Nalagarh-Kishengarh-D/C 66 kV Mohali- Sector 39 D/C 66 kV Mohali- Sector 52 D/C Power supply interruption in Chandigarh Chandigarh Chandigarh Approx Relief (MW) 40-140 15-30 30-70 Remarks
------
$- Flat relay already installed on 220kV Hissar-Khetri feeder.
Annexure-IV
BROAD GUIDELINES FOR ISSUE OF OVERDRAWAL MESSAGES(A, B, C) The guidelines for issuing Message (A, B, C) by RLDCs based on the overdrawal values as appearing on the SCADA system, are as under: 1. Message A Message A would be issued to an overdrawing state(s) under the following conditions: The frequency is less than 49.80 Hz and (the UI quantity is more than 150 MW or above 12% of schedule, whichever is less); And/Or There are repeated instances of high overdrawal, irrespective of the frequency. 2. Message B Message B would be issued under the following conditions: Overdrawal when frequency is less than 49.70 Hz; And/Or Overdrawal is more than 150 MW or above 12% of schedule, whichever is less, under the conditions when the frequency is less than 49.80 Hz for more than the last 10 minutes; And/Or There are repeated instances of high overdrawal, irrespective of the frequency. Though not mandatory, it would however be attempted that the Message A is generally issued prior to the issuance of Message B. However, in case of sudden increase in overdrawal by a state and/or sharp fall in frequency and/or there are repeated instances of high overdrawal by the given utility, Message B may be issued independent of Message A, without waiting for the given time period. 3. Message C Message C would be issued under the following conditions: Overdrawal when frequency is less than 49.70 Hz; And/Or Overdrawal is more than 150 MW or above 12% schedule whichever is less, when frequency is less than 49.80 Hz for more than the last 15 minutes; And/Or There are repeated instances of high overdrawal, irrespective of the frequency. The Message C would generally be issued after Message B. However, in case of sudden increase in the overdrawal by a state and/or sharp fall in frequency and/or repeated instances of high overdrawal by the given utility, Message C may be issued independent of Message B, without waiting for the given time period.
Start New sample

Inputs Frequency (F), Overdrawal(UI) and Schedule
If F<49.80 Hz &UI>150 MW or, >12% of schedule, whichever is less; And/Or repeated instances of high overdrawal, irrespective of the frequency
Yes
Issue Message A
If conditions of Message A persists for 10 Minutes or more; And/or Overdrawal when F< 49.70Hz; And/Or repeated instances of high overdrawal, irrespective of the frequency
Yes
Issue Message B
If conditions of Message A persists for 15 Minutes or more; And/Or Overdrawal when F< 49.70Hz; And/Or repeated instances of high overdrawal, irrespective of the frequency;
Yes
Issue Message C
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION CORPORATION LIMITED NORTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE Message A Reference: NRLDC/OD/A/________ FROM : SHIFT INCHARGE NRLDC, NEW DELHI Date :__________ Time :__________
TO: SHIFT INCHARGE, SLDC <Name of State Control Area {Long Form}> CC : SE / PC / Director / DGM, SLDC/STU<Name of State Control Area {Long Form}>
Sub : Request to restrict the drawal within schedule. At present the system frequency is below 49.8 Hz and overdrawal is being observed by your state. The present position of over drawal by < name of state control area> state control area is as follows:
Quantum of overdrawal in MW
Frequency in Hz
Under these conditions, your specific reference is invited to Regulation 5.4.2(a), 5.4.2(b) and 6.4.7 of CERC (Indian Electricity Grid Code) (First Amendment) Regulations 2012. The Regulation 5.4.2 (a) states that SLDC/SEB/Distribution licensee and bulk consumers shall initiate action to restrict the drawal of its control area, from the grid, within the net drawal schedule, whenever the system frequency falls to 49.80 Hz and Regulation 5.4.2 (b) states that the SLDC/SEB/Distribution licensee and bulk consumers shall ensure that requisite load shedding is carried out in its control area so that there is no overdrawal when frequency is 49.7 Hz or below. The Regulation 6.4.7 of IEGC also reiterates the above actions to be taken by the SLDC/SEB/Distribution licensee and bulk consumers under different conditions so as to ensure zero over-drawal when frequency is 49.7 Hz. or below. Under the conditions of high value of overdrawal, in the event of frequency falling down due to any event, difficulty may be expressed by <name of state control area> state control area in instant control of the drawals and the regulations as stated in the above para may be violated, and network security may also be endangered. Presently the state control area is
overdrawing below 49.8 Hz overdrawing heavily

You are, therefore, requested to take necessary measures so that there is no overdrawal by < name of state control area> state control area and system frequency always remains within the 49.7 Hz 50.2 Hz band as provided in Regulation 5.2 (m) of the CERC (Indian Electricity Grid Code) (First Amendment) Regulations 2012.
SHIFT INCHARGE NRLDC
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION CORPORATION LIMITED NORTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE
Message B
Reference: RLDC/OD/B/__________ FROM : SHIFT INCHARGE , RLDC , NEW DELHI Date :____________ Time :__________ TO: SHIFT INCHARGE, SLDC <Name of State Control Area{Long Form}> CC : CE / CGM / GM, SLDC/STU <Name of State Control Area {Long Form}> Member Secretary (RPC), CEO (POSOCO)
Sub: Intimation regarding violation of Regulation 5.4.2 (a), 5.4.2(b) and 6.4.7 of the CERC (Indian Electricity Grid Code) (First amendment) Regulations 2012 and/or repeated instances of high overdrawal, and directions under regulation 5.4.2 (e) of IEGC and section 29(1) of the Electricity Act 2003 for immediate action for curtailment of overdrawal to avoid system operation outside stipulated frequency band and for ensuring stability of the grid operation. This has reference to earlier communications on the low frequency operation and/or overdrawal by < name of state control area > state control area in high range. In spite of above situations(s) the overdrawal by < name of state control area > state control area has not been sufficiently curtailed and at present the overdrawal is as follows: Quantum of overdrawal in MW Frequency in Hz
In this regard please refer to the regulation 5.4.2 (b) and 6.4.7 of the CERC (Indian Electricity Grid Code) First Amendment) Regulations 2012 which states that when the frequency is 49.7 Hz, or below requisite load shedding would be carried out by the concerned SLDC/SEB/Distribution licensee and Bulk Consumers in its control area so that there is no overdrawal. It is therefore; pointed out that overdrawal at frequency below 49.7 Hz is violation of the regulation 5.4.2 (b) and 6.4.7 of the IEGC. Due to high overdrawal, in the event of frequency falling down due to any event, the difficulty may be expressed by < Name of State Control Area> state control area, in the instant control of drawal and grid security may be endangered. Presently the state control area is
overdrawing below 49.7 Hz overdrawing heavily

It is a matter of serious concern that the overdrawal by <Name of State Control Area > state control area is continuing despite above conditions. RLDC is issuing directions under regulation 5.4.2(e) of the IEGC and Section 29(1) of the Electricity Act 2003, to increase the generation and/or carry out automatic/manual load shedding by a quantum equivalent to its overdrawal as per schemes prepared in compliance of regulation 5.4.2 (c) and 5.4.2 (d), so that its overdrawal from grid becomes zero and details of the action taken be informed. Please note that the non-compliance of these directions would be construed as violation of IEGC and the Electricity Act 2003 and would be brought to the notice of the Honble Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC). Further, in the event of continued overdrawal by <Name of State Control Area > state control area, RLDC may also be constrained to disconnect the feeders in <Name of State Control Area > state control area which may result in the loss of load / network security in a particular area of <Name of State Control Area > state system. The responsibility for the same would solely be on the inadequate action from <name of state control area> SLDC due to inadequate actions taken in the matter. Besides the above, your states full entitlement in all Inter State Generating Stations (ISGS) including the liquid backed generation may also be scheduled. Please treat this message as most urgent and act immediately. Kindly also report the compliance. SHIFT INCHARGE RLDC
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION CORPORATION LIMITED NORTHERN REGIONAL LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE
Message C
Reference: RLDC/OD/C/__________ FROM : SHIFT INCHARGE RLDC, NEW DELHI Date :____________ Time :__________
TO: SHIFT INCHARGE, SLDC<Name of State Control Area{Long Form}> CC : Member / Dev.Commissioner /Director / Secretary (Engg), SLDC/STU <Name of State Control Area{Long Form}> Member Secretary (RPC), CEO, POSOCO
Sub: Intimation of violation of regulation 5.4.2(e) of the CERC (Indian Electricity Grid Code) First Amendment) Regulations 2012 and Section 29(2)/29(3) of the Electricity Act 2003 and request for immediate action for curtailing the overdrawal. Please refer RLDC directions issued earlier to increase the generation and/or carry out automatic/manual load shedding in <Name of State Control Area > state control area in order to maintain the grid frequency within the IEGC stipulated frequency band given at clause 5.2(m) of the IEGC and/or to avert overdrawals in high range. These directions were issued under Clause 5.4.2 (e) of IEGC and Section 29 (1) of the Electricity Act 2003. However, the over drawl by <Name of State Control Area > state control area is continuing, in spite of above situations. It is informed that by not complying with RLDCs instructions, the Clause 5.4.2(e) of IEGC and Sections 29(2)/29(3) of the Electricity Act 2003 are being violated. It is also informed that apart from the violation of clauses 5.4.2 (a), 5.4.2 (b) of the IEGC, the clauses 5.4.2 (c) and 5.4.2 (d) of the IEGC which requires functioning of specific schemes for affecting such demand management, have also been violated. The above violation of the RLDC directions as well as the IEGC would be reported to the Honble Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC). At this moment the overdrawal by <Name of State Control Area > state control area is as follows: Quantum of overdrawal in MW Frequency in Hz
RLDC once again requests <Name of State Control Area > state control area to curtail the overdrawal so that the grid operates with adequate safety and security. It is also pointed out that under such conditions of operating of the grid, without the desired security/reliability margins, it may result in to disintegration / disturbance in the grid and the responsibility of such an eventuality would rest solely on <Name of State Control Area > state control area.
Please treat this message as Most urgent and act immediately. Kindly also report compliance.
SHIFT INCHARGE RLDC
Annexure-V
GUIDELINES FOR SWITCHING OF CAPACITOR BANKS
Below 1
Loading Factor = Ratio of MVA load on the bus at which the capacitor is installed to the MVAr rating of the capacitor bank.
Annexure-VI
Extracts from CEA Manual on Transmission Planning Criteria- Jan 2013
Annexure-VII
Format-I (pdf format) ( csv format) National / Regional Load Despatch Centre
TOTAL TRANSFER CAPABILITY FOR mmmm, yyyy Issue Date: Issue Time: Revision No.
Corridor/ Control Area
Date
Time Period
Total Transfer Capability (TTC) (MW)
Reliability Margin (RM) (MW)
Available Transfer Capability (ATC) (MW)
LTOA/ MTOA (MW)
Available Margin for STOA (MW)
Changes in TTC w.r.t. Last Revision
Comments
Page11of18
Assumptions: A. Load (MW) Region / Entity Name
Peak Load
Off Peak Load
Total
B. Generation(MW) Thermal Off Peak Peak ISGS State C. Major Transmission Line Outages Element Central Sector State Sector Voltage (kV) Remarks Hydro Peak Off Peak
D. Generation Outages Generating Unit Central Sector State Sector MW Remarks
E. HVDC Settings Name Setting (MW)
F. Constraints G. Miscellaneous
Note: Format may be changed as per requirement with prior approval of the Commission.
Page12of18
Annexure-VIII (A)
LIST OF LINES IN THE MAJOR CORRIDORS/ IN NORTHERN REGION
FLOWGATE-1: ER-NR CORRIDOR
1. 765 kV Gaya-Sasaram-Fatehpur-I 2. 765 kV Gaya-Sasaram-Fatehpur-II 3. 765 kV (charged at 400 kV) Pusauli-Balia-I 4. 400 kV Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur- I 5. 400 kV Muzaffarpur-Gorakhpur- II 6. 400 kV Patna-Balia- I 7. 400 kV Patna-Balia- II 8. 400 kV Patna-Balia-III 9. 400 kV Patna-Balia-IV 10. 400 kV Biharshariff-Balia- I 11. 400 kV Biharshariff-Balia- II 12. 400 kV Pusauli-Allahabad 13. 400 kV Pusauli-Sarnath 14. 220 kV Pusauli-Sahupuri FLOWGATE-2: WR-NR CORRIDOR
1. 765 kV Bina-Gwalior-Agra-I 2. 765 kV Bina-Gwalior-Agra-II 3. 400 kV Bhinmal-Zerda 4. 400 kV Kankroli-Zerda 5. 220 kV Malanpur-Auraiya 6. 220 kV Mehgaon-Auraiya 7. 220 kV Badod-Kota 8. 220 kV Morak-Badod 9. HVDC Vindhyachal back-to-back block-I 10. HVDC Vindhyachal back-to-back block-II 11. HVDC Mundra-Mahendragarh-I 12. HVDC Mundra-Mahendragarh-II
FLOWGATE-3: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
EASTERN U.P. TO CENTRAL U.P. CORRIDOR
HVDC Rihand-Dadri Pole-I HVDC Rihand-Dadri Pole-II HVDC Balia-Bhiwadi-Pole-I HVDC Balia-Bhiwadi-Pole-II 765 kV AnparaC-Unnao 400 kV Singrauli-Allahabad-I 400 kV Singrauli-Allahabad-II 400 kV Singrauli-Lucknow
9. 400 kV Singrauli-Fatehpur-Kanpur 10. 400 kV Rihand-Allahabad-I 11. 400 kV Rihand-Allahabad-II 12. 400 kV AnparaB-Sarnath-I 13. 400 kV AnparaB-Sarnath-II 14. 400 kV AnparaB-Mau 15. 400 kV Obra-Sultanpur 16. 400 kV Obra-Panki 17. 765 kV Balia-Lucknow (New)-I 18. 400 kV Balia-Sohawal-Lucknow_PG-I 19. 400 kV Balia-Sohawal-Lucknow_PG-II 20. 400 kV Gorakhpur-Lucknow_PG-I 21. 400 kV Gorakhpur-Lucknow_PG-II 22. 400 kV Gorakhpur-Lucknow_PG-III 23. 400 kV Gorakhpur-Lucknow_PG-IV 24. 400 kV Sultanpur-Lucknow_PG
FLOWGATE-4:
CENTRAL U.P. TO WESTERN U.P. /NCR CORRIDOR
1. 765 kV Fatehpur-Agra S/C 2. 400 kV Panki-Muradnagar 3. 400 kV Kanpur-Ballabgarh-I 4. 400 kV Kanpur-Ballabgarh-II 5. 400 kV Kanpur-Ballabgarh-III 6. 400 kV Kanpur-Agra 7. 400 kV Kanpur-Auraiya-I 8. 400 kV Kanpur-Auraiya-II 9. 400 kV Mainpuri-Ballabgarh-I 10. 400 kV Mainpuri-Ballabgarh-II 11. 400 kV Unnao-Agra 12. 400 kV Bareli-PG-Moradabad-I 13. 400 kV Bareli-PG-Moradabad-II 14. 400 kV Bareli_PG-Meerut-Mandola-I 15. 400 kV Bareli_PG-Meerut-Mandola-II 16. 400 kV Meerut-Mandola-I 17. 400 kV Meerut-Mandola-II FLOWGATE-6: WESTERN U.P. /NCR TO PUNJAB /HARYANA /BBMB / RAJASTHAN CORRIDOR
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
765 kV Agra-Jhatikara-Bhiwani-Moga S/C 400 kV Dadri-Panipat-I 400 kV Dadri-Panipat-II 400 kV Dadri-Malerkotla 400 kV Bawana-Dipalpur-Abdullapur-I 400 kV Bawana-Abdullapur-II 400 kV Bawana-Bhiwani_PG-Bahadurgarh 400 kV Bawana-Bhiwani_PG-Hisar 400 kV Ballabgarh-Gurgaon-Bhiwadi-I
10. 400 kV Agra-Bassi-I 11. 400 kV Agra-Bassi-II 12. 400 kV Agra-Jaipur South-I 13. 220 kV Agra(UP)-Bharatpur 14. 220 kV Samaypur-Charkhi Dadri 15. 220 kV Ballabgarh (Har)-Charkhi Dadri
Lines to be monitored for secure evacuation of injection at HVDC Mahendragarh 1. 400kV Mahindergarh-Bhiwani-I 2. 400kV Mahindergarh-Bhiwani-II 3. 400kV Mahindergarh-Dhanoda-I 4. 400kV Mahindergarh-Dhanoda-II 5. 400kV CLP Jhajjar-Dhanoda-I 6. 400kV CLP Jhajjar-Dhanoda-II 7. 400kV Deepalpur-Bawana
Lines to be monitored for secure evacuation of generation in Jhakri-Wangtoo-Baspa complex 1. 400kV Jhakri-Nalagarh-1 2. 400kV Jhakri-Nalagarh-II 3. 400kV Nalagarh-Patiala-I 4. 400kV Nalagarh-Patiala-II 5. 400kV Patiala- Malerkotla 6. 400kV Jhakri-Panchkula-I 7. 400kV Jhakri-Panchkula-II 8. 400kV Karcham-Abdullapur-I 9. 400kV Karcham-Abdullpaur-II
Uttarakhand-Uttar Pradesh corridor 1. 400kV Meerut-Muzaffarnagar 2. 400kV Rishikesh-Roorkee-Muzaffarnagar 3. 400kV Rishikesh Kashipur-Moradabad 4. 220kV Roorkee-Nara 5. 220kV Pantnagar- Baikuntpur (Bareli)
qrcrEfrd sfrqterq orzciterq ftltrrts

Fratfrs +t Wf Frftrds urw rr6rq6 dq-fr)
(A wholly owned subsidiary of POVI/ERGRID)
Annexure-VIII (B)
POWER SYSTEM OPERATION CORPORATION LIMITED

q-trq-iT (rd (rtrqr, o-arEqr sil-q, orqlq-o : fr - 9, EgE n-m - 110 016 Registered & Gorporate Office : B - 9, Qutab lnstitutionalArea, Katwaria Sarai, New Delhi - 110 016 Website: www.nldc.in, www.nldcindia in, Tel. : 011-26536832,26524522,Fax:011-26524525. 26536901
dfiq
ffiffrl-d
r{
NLDC/765 kV
Dated:8th May 2013
Sub: Operation of 765 kV transmission system in the NEW grid in the coming months
Reliable operation of the high capacity corridor from Sipat in Chhattisgarh
to Moga in Punjab over the
755 kV Sipat-Bilaspur-Seoni-Bina-Gwalior-Agra-Jhatikara-Bhiwani-Moga route is very important in the coming months, particularly up to the end of September when Northern Region demand is expected to be high. This high capacity corridor would no doubt enhance the transfer capability from the West to North direction; however outage of any of the following links would significantly impact the transfer capability.
o o o o
765 kV Agra-Jhatikara One of the 765/400 kV 1500 MVA ICT at Agra 765 kV Gwalior-Agra one circuit 765 kV Bina-Gwalior one circuit
A self- contained note on the subject along with the details of the actions to be taken by the different
agencies under varied conditions is enclosed.
Following actions are expected from RLDCs/NLDC:
i. ii. iii. iv. v. i. ii. iii.
Sensitizing stakeholders to the nature of the above operation of 765 kV corridors.
Taking
all precautions both for planned and emergency outages of the above sections including
arrangements for quick curtailment of transactions and manual actions for feeder opening.
Monitoring the quantum of loads wired for SPS action and taking up the issue of optimizing it
appropriately.
Voltage control through suitable actions

generators, line switching.
Handling special situations such as load crash.
of
reactor switching, reactive power absorption by
The following actions are expected from POWERGRID end:
Preventive maintenance and minimizing both planned and emergency outages on the above corridor
(lines as well as bay shutdowns) so as to improve reliability as well as enhanced transfer capability. Ensuring that overvoltage settings on the system are properly graded both in terms of magnitude and
time delay. Details of settings to be forwarded to NLDC. Commissioning automatic tripping of the 22O kV Gwalior (PG)-Malanpur (PG) D/C from Gwalior(PG) end in case of tripping of both circuits of 765 kV Gwalior-Agra and automatic tripping of the 22O kV
Page 1 of 8
Tdtrd
tri
d J'qf q-dru
Save Energy for Benefit of Self and Nation
Gwalior(F,G)-Gwalior(MP) D/C frqm Gwalior( This feature would generally be Qf i Western Region load acting as a drag on
tv.
) end in case both the 765 kV Bina-Gwalior lines trip. from June to September and is to avoid a situation of
Region in case of any tripping.
V.
In situ teSting of System Protecfion (SPS) at Agra(PG) and Gwalior(PG) and continuously keeping it armed and healthy conflition. Sensitizing the operators at the different 765 substations on the strategic importance of the 765 kV network and the availability of re4l time data a the RLDCs/NLDC.
Following agtions are required at RQgional Powe Committee level.
i)
Sensitizing stakeholders to the strptegic im Ensuring
of 755 kV corridors.
so that the system is able to operate in
a
ii)
that the outage plan is properly
reliable fqphion. iii) Monitoring through constituents for any shortfall in loFd relief. iv) Ensure that all trippings in the trBnsmission
the relief obtained
kV Gwalior-Agra SPS actions and taking up with

are discussed at the Protection Committee level
and the lessons learned and actions taken monitored.
inated across all utilities and its implementation

uency Load Shedding (UFLS) scheme, df/dt and
SPS
v)
Ensure thpt all defence plans sucfr as Under
are in plaqe.
Encl: as above
(V. K. Agrawal) Executive Director, NLDC

Copy for kind information and necetsary action
1.)
Mep ber Secreta ry N RPC/WRPC/ERPC/SR

ED (PS), POWERGRID, Gurgqon ED (NR-1), POWERGRID, Nery Delhi
2l
3)
4l ED (NVR-ll), POWERGRID, Vaflodara

s)
6)
ED (NVR-|), POWERGRID, Nagpur
ED SRLDC, Bengaluru
G
7l
M WRLDC/N RLDC/ERLDC/]N
RLDC
Copy for kind information to:
8) Member (GO & D), CEA, NeW Delhi 9) CMD POWERGRTD

10) Director (Operations), POW$RG RlD,
11.) CEO POSOCO
Page 2 of 8
PowerSystemOperationCorporationLimited NationalLoadDespatchCentre NewDelhi 8thMay2013 Sub:Operationof765kVtransmissionsystemintheNEWGrid In March 2013, the BinaGwaliorAgra section was upgraded to 765 kV level from the earlier 400 kV. On 29th April 2013, the 765 kV AgraJhatikara line was commissioned. These developments have resulted in a 1600 kilometres stretch of high capacity 765 kV transmission highway from Sipat in Chhattisgarh to Moga in Punjab over SipatBilaspurSeoniBinaGwaliorAgraJhatikaraBhiwaniMoga route. 765 kV SasanSatnaBinaD/CisanothervitalinfeedtoBina.Thisisanimportanttransitionthattheentiregridis passingthrough. This high capacity corridor is expected to be loaded heavily during the June to September period when there is heavy power demand in the Northern Region due to weather beating and agricultural loads while the demand in Western Region is expected to be low. Secure operation of the system would become very important under these conditions. The following aspects would become important under theseconditions: 1) Operationalplanning a. Evaluationoftransfercapabilityofthenetwork. b. Outageplanningofthe765kVhighcapacitycorridor c. Overvoltagesettingsofthe765kVlines d. Minimizingforcedoremergencyoutages e. Operationofunderlying400kVand220kVnetwork f. OperationofSystemProtectionScheme(SPS)duringcontingenciesandsettingsthereof. g. AvailabilityofrealtimedataatWRLDC/NRLDCandNLDC. 2) Realtimeoperation a. Handlingemergencyoutages b. Curtailmentoftransactions c. Manualopeningoffeedersincaseofcontingency d. Voltagecontrol e. Handlingspecialsituationssuchasloadcrashetc.inNorthernRegion Page3of8
A. OperationalPlanning: i) TransfercapabilityintheWesttoNorthdirection: The transfer capability has been assessed based on the network conditions in May 2013 and would be uploaded on NLDC website as well as periodically revised based on the system conditions. The Total Transfer Capability (TTC) in the West to North direction is expected to be of the order of 5700 MW which is considering the availability of all main 765 kV and 400 kV transmission elements and includes 1500 MW on the dedicated APL MundraMohindergarh HVDC bipole. Loading on the following importantcorridorsneedsclosemonitoring: 1) 765kVSipatBilaspurPoolingstationD/C: 2) 765kVBilaspurPoolingstationSeoniD/C: 3) 765kVSeoniBina : 4) 765kVBinaGwaliorD/C : 5) 765kVGwaliorAgraD/C : 6) 765kVAgraJhatikara : 7) 765kVJhatikaraBhiwani : 8) 765kVBhiwaniMoga : 9) 765kVSasanSatnaD/C : 10) 765kVSatnaBinaD/C : 11) 765kVFatehpurAgraD/C : 12) 765/400kV,2x1500MVAICTsatAgra: Therewouldbeareductionoftransfercapabilityincaseofoutageofanyoneofthefollowingsections: 765kVAgraJhatikara Oneofthe765/400kV1500MVAICTatAgra 765kVGwaliorAgraonecircuit 765kVBinaGwalioronecircuit
Considering that studies involve various assumptions, there is a need for having adequate Transmission ReliabilityMargin(TRM)totakecareoftheseuncertaintiesandaccordinglyamarginof500MWisbeing keptonWRNRcorridorand8001000MWforimportbyNRasawhole. ii) Outageplanningofthe765kVtransmissioncorridor: Asthe765kVBinaGwaliorAgraJhatikaralinesandthe765/400kVICTsatAgrahaveamajorimpacton security of the grid as well as economy transfers between the regions; outages on the above section needtobeplannedcarefullyafterdiscussionatthedifferentRegionalPowerCommittee (RPC)/National Page4of8
Power Committee (NPC) level. In cases of unforeseen changes in the maintenance program or any urgent requirement of outages, at least 48 hour notice needs to be given to RLDCs/NLDC by POWERGRIDsothattheoutageiscoordinatedandthegridsecurityaswellasopenaccesstransactions isregulatedinaproperfashion. It is also important that 765 kV bay shutdowns at all the intermediate substations are coordinated so thatthereisnounintendedtrippingonthisaccount.Thisisimportantasthenumberof765kVelements in many substations are less in number and ensuring that at least two parallel paths are available betweenthetwo765kVbusesunderallconditionsbecomesveryimportant. In many of the trunk interregional lines as well as important intraregional lines, there are a number of agencies such as State Transmission Utilities (STUs), Generating Companies who are responsible for line switchingin/outwhoneedtobesensitizedontheneedforquickexecutionoflineswitchinginstructions issued by RLDCs/NLDC and avoid any prolonged outage of the line sections. Availability of the 400 kV and220kVparallelnetworkbetweenWesternandNorthernRegionwouldbeimportant. iii) Overvoltagesettingsofthe765kVlines: POWERGRID might also ensure that the overvoltage settings of the 765 kV lines in the entire corridor above are properly graded in terms of magnitude as well as time delay so as to obviate inadvertent tripping on account of high voltage. Confirmation in this regard may please be forwarded by POWERGRIDtoNLDCalongwiththeovervoltagesettingsoneach765kVline. iv) Minimizingforcedoremergencyoutages: Considering the heavy power flow on the above sections, it is important that the monitoring of these lines through thermo vision scanning as well as condition monitoring of equipment at the substation level is intensified so that forced or emergency outages are minimized. POWERGRID may take actions accordingly. v) Underlying400kVand220kVnetwork: The765kVBinaGwaliorAgrasectionhasthefollowing220kVsectionrunninginparallelandisthefirst instanceofthe765kVand220kVsectionsrunninginparallelwithoutany400kVsystem. 220kVBina(MP)Gwalior(MP)D/C 220kVGwalior(MP)Gwalior(PG)D/C 220kVGwalior(PG)Malanpur(MP)D/C Page5of8
220kVMalanpur(MP)Auraiya(NTPC)and 220kVMalanpur(MP)Mehgaon(MP)Auraiya(NTPC)
The power flow in 220 kV section is less when the 765 kV system is running in parallel. Even when a single 765 kV line on the BinaGwaliorAgra section trips, the parallel line takes 8085% of the load and there is not much increase at the 220 kV level. However outage of both the 765 kV lines under heavy power flow conditions would lead to cascade outage of the appropriate 220 kV section. The following twooptionswereanalyzed. Keeping the 220 kV system in radial mode only viz. feeding Gwalior (MP) load from Bina (MP) andMalanpur(MP)/Mehgaon(MP)loadsfromGwalior(PG) OR Trippingthe220kVGwalior(PG)Gwalior(MP)D/CfromGwalior(PG)endincasethe765kV BinaGwaliorD/Cbothcircuitstrip AND Tripping the 220 kV Gwalior (PG)Malanpur (PG) D/C from Gwalior (PG) end in case the 765 kV GwaliorAgraD/Ctrips.
Considering the overall reliability of the system and the voltage profile at Gwalior/Malanpur, it is recommended to operate the 220 kV system in parallel with the 765 kV system and go for the second option of automatic tripping of the respective 220 kV lines indicated above. The automatic tripping option would be required to ensure that in the rare eventuality of loss of WestNorth corridor, the WesternRegionloadatGwalior/MalanpurshouldnotactasadragonNorthernRegion. vi) SystemProtectionScheme(SPS)settingsatAgraandGwalioranditstesting: The present settings are 1000 MW each on 765 kV GwaliorAgra D/C line OR 1500 MW on S/C 765 kV Gwalior to Agra line leading to SPS action of load shedding in Northern Region. These settings would havetobeoptimizedtakingcareofgridsecurityaswellasfacilitatingeconomyinterchange.Furtherthe SPS needs to be tested periodically and the identified load relief feeders should be telemetered to the NRLDC/WRLDC/NLDCattheearliest. vii) AvailabilityofrealtimedataatRLDCs/NLDC: Since power flow on the corridor is expected to be high, it is important that the monitoring at RLDCs/NLDC is effective. This is possible only is the real time data (both analog as well as digital) is availableattheRLDCs. Page6of8
B. i)
Realtimeoperation: Handlingemergencyoutages:
In the rare eventuality that an emergency occurs on the 765 kV BinaGwaliorAgraJhatikara corridor or the 765/400 kV Agra ICTs and when there is heavy transfer on the above corridor, thefollowingactionsmightberequired: o Impositionofcongestioncharge. o CurtailmentofShortTermOpenAccess(STOA)aswellascollectivetransactions.Ifrequired, even long term transactions from Sasan and CGPL Mundra to Northern Region would have to be curtailed as nearly 2500 MW reduction in power transfer in the West to North directionwouldberequired. o Rescheduling of generation, particularly at hydro stations and costlier generation in Northernregionneedstobecarriedout. o After the physical flows reduce in the West to North direction, the 765 kV affected line may beopened.Subsequenttothis,afew765kVlinesintheWesternregionwouldalsoneedto beopenedtocontrolvoltages(suchasonecircuitof765kVSatnaBinaor765kVSeoniBina andBinaGwaliorifAgraGwaliorsectionoutageisthere). o Undernormalsituationthisprocessitselfwouldtakesometimeandthisaspectneedstobe keptinmindwhilepermittingevenplannedshutdownsandreductionofTTC. o Beforerestorationofthecircuittheabovestepsneedtoberepeatedinthereverseorder. ii) Curtailmentoftransactions: The information system between the different agencies involved needs to be taken care of so that information regarding curtailments is disseminated to all concerned and physical actionsforreschedulinggenerationorloadistakencareof. Manualopeningoffeedersincaseofcontingency: Pending the availability of any automatic defense plans or Grid Security Expert System (GSES), NRLDC would have a list of radial feeders with significant quantum of load which could be manually opened readily in case of contingencies under heavy transfers from Western Region to Northern Region. This would also help in case SPS does not provide adequaterelief. Page7of8
iii)
iv)
Voltagecontrol:
v)
With 765 kV high capacity corridors in operation, the voltage profile would significantly depend on the line loadings. In case the loading is low, high voltages would be experienced. POWERGRID and other utilities are advised to ensure that all the bus reactors are available at both 765 kV and 400 kV level. RLDCs are advised to closely monitor the power plants reactive power absorption under such conditions. The HVDC power order settings and 765/400kVtransformertapchangingmayalsobeemployedtocontrolthevoltage. Incaselightlyloadedlinesareopenedtocontrolhighvoltagethentheymustberestoredat theearliestopportunity.Inmanyinstancesitisseenthatthelinereactorofthelinewhichis kept off is used as bus reactor. In case the line needs to be urgently taken into service, the processgetsdelayedasadditionalswitchingoperationsarerequired.Hence thelinereactor of a line which is kept off might be taken into service as bus reactor only if the line is expected to be kept off for prolonged periods for which NLDC/WRLDC/NRLDC would advise appropriately. HandlingspecialsituationssuchasloadcrashinNorthernRegion: Under such situations there would be flows in the reverse direction viz. Northern to Western region. Since the Northern Region would experience high voltage, the 765 kV networkinNorthernRegionmighthavetobeopenedtocontrolvoltage. The power flow on HVDC MundraMohindergarh bipole might also need to be reduced in casetheloadcrashisinHaryana.NRLDCwouldadviseHaryanaSLDCaccordinglysothatthe scheduleisrevised. xxx
Page8of8
Annexure-IX
Format II National/ Regional Load Despatch Centre
CONGESTION MONITORING DISPLAY dd/mm/yyyy, hh:mm
Corridor/ Control Area
TTC (MW)
ATC (MW)
Actual (MW)
Page13of18
Format III National/ Regional Load Despatch Centre
Notice Number: (NLDC/RLDC)/yyyy/mm/. Date: dd/mm/yy Time of Issue: hh:mm To WARNING NOTICE The actual transfer of electricity on following corridors has crossed the ATC. Corridor/Control Area ATC (MW) Actual Flow (MW)
The following regional entities, which are downstream of the congested corridor, are advised to reduce their drawl/increase their generation to decongest the system: 1. m. The following reginal entities, which are upstream of te congested corridor are advised to / increase their drawl/reduce their generation to decongest the system: 1. n.
Shift Charge Manager This is a warning notice before levying of congestion charges and issued in accordance with the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Measures to relieve congestion in real time operation) Regulations, 2009 NLDC would send this notice to RLDC and RLDC would send this notice to regional entities
Note: Format may be changed as per requirement with prior approval of the Commission. Page14of18
Format IV National/ Regional Load Despatch Centre Date: dd/mm/yy Time of Issue: hh:mm
Notice Number: (NLDC/RLDC)/yyyy/mm/.
To NOTICE FOR APPLICATION OF CONGESTION CHARGE Congestion charge for Unscheduled Interchange (UI) energy as per CERC (Measures for relieving congestion) Regulations 2009 dated 22nd December 2009 would be applicable w.e.f time block no. ( hh:mm )of dd/mm/yyyy. TTC (MW) Actual Flow (MW)
Corridor/Control Area
Congestion charge would be applicable on the following regional entities, which are downstream of the congested corridor: 1. m. Congestion charge would be applicable on the following regional entities, which are upstream of the congested corridor: 1. n. Shift Charge Manager
Issued in accordance with the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Measures to relieve congestion in real time operation) Regulations, 2009 NLDC would send this notice to RLDC and RLDC would send this notice to regional entities
Format V National/ Regional Load Despatch Centre Date: dd/mm/yy Time of Issue:
Notice Number: (NLDC/RLDC)/yyyy/mm/. hh:mm
To
NOTICE FOR WITHDRAWAL OF CONGESTION CHARGE
Congestion charge on Unscheduled Interchange (UI) energy that was applicable w.e.f hh:mm of dd/mm/yyyy vide Notice Number.... issued at hh:mm of dd/mm/yyyy would be lifted w.e.f time block no. (hh:mm) of dd/mm/yyyy.
Shift Charge Manager
Issued in accordance with the Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Measures to relieve congestion in real time operation) Regulations, 2009 NLDC would send this notice to RLDC and RLDC would send this notice to regional entities
Annexure-X
Format VI National/ Regional Load Despatch Centre
STATEMENT ON NOTICE CONGESTION CHARGE FOR Date:
OF
APPLICATION
AND
WITHDRAWAL
OF
Issued on:
Application
Withdrawal
Downstream Regional Entities
Upstream Regional Entities
Time Block 1
Time 00000015
Time Block
Time
00150030
00300045
96
23450000
Page17of18
Annexure-XI
FORMAT FOR REPORTING DEMAND FORECASTS BY SLDC
Ref: As per CERC order dated 15th Dec 2009 in Suo Motu petition no. 152/2009
Annexure-XII
Annexure-VII Draft PROTOCOL FOR SUDDEN REDUCTION IN DEMAND 1. Monitoring weather forecast 1.1. SLDCs/RLDC shall monitor weather forecast of their respective States/regions. Arrangements may be made to obtain customized forecasts from service providers. 1.2. In case of special warning from the Indian Metrological Department/service provider, an advisory shall be issued by RLDC as well as by SLDC to the respective entities within their jurisdiction. 1.3. In line with IEGC 5.3, the SLDC shall establish mechanism for estimation of demand for day/week/month/year ahead. 2. Action by SLDCs (in case of forecast of an inclement weather) 2.1. Estimate the likely change in the demand for the State under the forecasted weather conditions for the next few days and reassess the anticipated shortage/surplus based on the declared availability of power from all sources within the State and outside the State. 2.2. Review the schedule and quantum for planned load shedding / load curtailment restriction and identify the areas where it could be relaxed on short notice. 2.3. Make suitable adjustments in the quantum of power to be procured / sold in dayahead PX / contingency STOA and make suitable adjustments in the quantum of power requisitioned in day-ahead from long term contracts. 2.4. Identify the source and quantum of power that could be curtailed / backed down on a short notice. Identify the coal/gas fired generating units that could be boxed up in case of exceptionally large reduction in demand 2.5. Review the units that are likely to be re-synchronized / commissioned next day. 2.6. Review the transfer capability for import/export of power at intrastate level 3. Action by RLDC (in case of forecast of an inclement weather) 3.1. Review Total Transfer Capability for import/export of power at the interstate level in view of the likely change in the load generation balance. 3.2. Plan for moderating the injection schedule of regional entity pondage/reservoir hydro stations, in consultation with the station operators. 3.3. Review status of the generating units that are likely to be re-synchronized / commissioned on the day on which inclement weather has been forecasted. 4. On the day of operation the RLDC shall monitor the trend of regional demand and compare it with previous day/similar day in the last week and identify the State(s) experiencing exceptional reduction in demand. A flasher may be placed on the website in case more than one State is experiencing reduction in demand due to inclement weather. 5. On the day of operation, the SLDC shall monitor the trend of State demand and compare it with previous day/similar day in last week. (Suitable facility shall be created in the SCADA system for facilitating such monitoring). In case of pronounced variation
from the normal trend then the category of demand reduction in the State shall be notified as below: Category-A : Demand reduction = Upto 20 % Category-B : Demand reduction = Between 20 to 30 % Category-C : Demand reduction = Between 30 to 40 % Category-D : Demand reduction = More than 40% Actions to be taken for load generation balance, frequency control, network security, voltage control have been enumerated below. 6. Actions by the SLDC of States under CATEGORY A & B 6.1. Planned load-shedding/curtailment if any shall be relaxed 6.2. Coordinate with distribution licensees to avoid manual disconnection of feeders. 6.3. Reduce/close down Generation at Pondage/Reservoir based hydro stations. 6.4. Reduce generation at thermal stations within the State and revise requisition of long term contracts from thermal stations up to the technical minimum limit (say upto 70% of MCR) 6.5. Ensure that the under-drawal is within limits specified in the IEGC. 6.6. Review the quantum of demand reduction periodically and in case of declining trend, the notified category may be revised to C or D. 7. Actions by the SLDC of States under CATEGORY C 7.1. All the actions listed under category A & B shall be taken. Following additional actions shall be taken. 7.2. Gas based thermal stations within the jurisdiction of the State may be closed down but kept on bar. 7.3. Request for downward revision in requisition from coal / gas based regional entity stations shall be sent to RLDC. 7.4. Simultaneously further generation backing down shall be carried out in coal fired units within the jurisdiction of the State. Oil support may be taken if required. In case generation reduction is not feasible, coal fired units of capacity upto 210 MW may be closed down but kept on bar.
8. Actions by the SLDC of States under CATEGORY-D 8.1. All the actions listed under category A, B & C shall be taken. Following additional actions shall be taken. 8.2. Gas based/coal fired thermal stations of less than 210 MW capacity may be boxed up. 8.3. Coal fired units of capacity higher than 210 MW may additionally be closed down but kept on bar. 8.4. RLDC/SLDC shall discuss with nuclear stations to coordinate generation reduction (to the extent technically possible).
8.5. Under exceptional conditions when grid frequency has remained in the range of more than 50.5 Hz then even run-of-the-river hydro units and grid connected renewable energy sources may be closed down. 9. In case the aggregate requisition from the beneficiaries in a regional entity generating station is below the technical operating limit, the Station may discuss with RLDC for permission to close one or more units. RLDC shall also take up moderation of hydro generation schedule wherever possible. 10. In case of revival of demand the SLDCs shall coordinate with the generating companies and discoms to ensure that rate of build-up of load is commensurate with rate of increase in generation availability. 11. For voltage control, shunt capacitor banks shall be switched off, Shunt reactors shall be taken into service and Generating units shall be advised by SLDC/RLDC to operate in under excited mode (leading p.f), synchronous condenser facility may be deployed. Power order on HVDC bipole shall be moderated and selected EHV lines may be manually opened for voltage control. 12. Network security and transfer capability violation shall be closely monitored by SLDCs and RLDCs at all times in coordination with the NLDC/other RLDCs. If required the TTC shall be revised in real-time (mechanisms may need to be put in place to facilitate this) and suitable steps shall be taken for relieving congestion.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Draft Protocol for Sudden Reduction In Demand

1. Monitoring Weather Forecast Monitoring, Forecasting & Advisory Warning by RLDC/SLDC
2. Precautionary Measures
Action by RLDC Action by SLDC Action by RLDC
3. On the day of sudden Reduction Action by SLDC
Precautionary Measures
Action by SLDC
Action by RLDC
Revised Forecast Revise the Requisition Review the Schedule & Load Shedding Identify the Generation which could be boxed-up Review the Tranfer capability at Intra-state level
Review TTC Plan for moderating the Schedule of Hydro station Review status of the generating units that can be quickly re-synchronized
On the Day of Inclement Weather
Action by RLDC Monitor & Compare the trend of regional demand Identify the State(s) experiencing exceptional reduction in demand
Action by SLDC
Monitor & Compare the trend of state demand Categorization for Demand Reduction
Placed flasher on the Website
Categorization of Demand Reduction
Category of Demand Reduction Category A : Demand Reduction upto 20% Category B : Demand Reduction between 20%-30%
Category C : Demand Reduction between 30%- 40%
Category D : Demand Reduction more than 40%
action taken by sldc in Different Category

Action by SLDC in Category D Reduction in Load Shedding Generation backing down Review the quantum of demand reduction Generation closed down in Gas based station Further Generation backing down in Coal based station Less than 210MW generation may be boxed up Further Generation backing down in nuclear station Renewable Generation may be closed down Action by SLDC in Category A&B
Action by SLDC in Category C
List of Regional Entities of NRLDC (As on 15th May 2013)

S No. UTILITY NAME
Annexure-XIII (A)
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 C 1 2 3 4
GENERATING STATION/SELLER (Regional Entity) Singrauli Super Thermal Power Station Rihand Super Thermal Power Station Stage-I Rihand Super Thermal Power Station Stage-II Dadri National Capital Thermal Power Station Stage-I Dadri National Capital Thermal Power Station Stage-II Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Station Stage-I Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Station Stage-II Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Station Stage-III Anta Gas Power Station Auraiya Gas Power Station Dadri Gas Power Station Bairasiul Hydro Power Station Salal Hydro Power Station Tanakpur Hydro Power Station Chamera Hydro Power Station Stage-I Chamera Hydro Power Station Stage-II Uri Hydro Power Station-I Dhauliganga Hydro Power Station Dulhasti Hydro Power Station Sewa-II Hydro Power Station Nathpa Jhakri Hydro Power Station Tehri Hydro Power Station Koteshwar Hydro Power Station Narora Atomic Power Station Rawatbhata Atomic Power Station-B Rawatbhata Atomic Power Station-C Allain Duhangan Hydro Power Project Indira Gandhi Super Thermal Power Station (Jhajjar) Shree Cement Thermal Power Station Karcham Wangtoo Hydro Electric Project Malana-II Hydro Power Station Chamera Hydro Power Station Stage-III Rihand Super Thermal Power Station Stage-III Lanco Budhil HEP Uri Hydro Power Station-II Dadri Solar State Control Area/ BUYER (Regional Entity) Department of Energy UT Chandigarh Delhi Transco Limited (State control area of Delhi) Haryana Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Limited (State control area of Haryana) Himachal Pradesh Power Transmission corporation Ltd (State control area of HP) Power Development Department, Jammu and Kashmir (State control area of J&K) Punjab State Transmission Corporation Limited (State control area of Punjab) Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Prasaran Nigam Limited (State control area of Rajasthan) Uttar Pradesh Power Transmission Corporation Limited (State control area of UP) North-Central Railways Power Transmission Corporation Limited (State control area of Uttarakhand) POWERGRID HVDC Rihand terminal POWERGRID HVDC Dadri terminal Transmission Licensee Power Grid Corporation of India Limited -NRTS-1 Power Grid Corporation of India Limited -NRTS-II Powerlinks Private Limited Jaypee Powergrid Limited
Annexure- XIII Format for Registration of New Entity

(Extract from Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (fees and charges of Regional Load Despatch Centre and other related matters) Regulations, 2009)
(B)
Appendix-IV
(in Compliance of Clause-1 of Regulation-24) 1. Name of the entity (in bold letters): 2. Registered office address: 3. Region in which registration is sought: i. North-eastern ii. North iii. East iv. West v. South
4. User category: i. Generating Station ii. Seller iii. Buyer iv. Transmission Licensee v. Distribution Licensee 5. User details (as on 31st March of last financial year): i. Category Generating Station i. Total Installed Capacity ii. Maximum Contracted Capacity (MW) using ISTS iii. Points of connection to the ISTS: Sl. No. Point of connection Voltage level (kV) Number of Special Energy Meters (Main) installed at this location
ii. Category Seller/Buyer/Distribution Licensee i. Maximum Contracted Capacity (MW) using ISTS ii. Points of connection to the ISTS: Sl. No. Point of connection Voltage level (kV) Number of Special Energy Meters (Main) installed at this location
iii. Category Transmission Licensee (inter-State) i. Sub-stations: Sl. No. Sub-station Name Number of transformer Total Transformation Capacity or Design MVA handling capacity if switching station
ii. Transmission lines: Sl.No. Voltage level (kV) Number of transmission lines Total Circuit Kilometers
6. Contact person(s) details for meters related to RLDC/NLDC: i. Name: ii. Designation: iii. Landline Telephone No.: iv. Mobile No.: v. E-mail address: vi. Postal address: The above information is true to the best of my knowledge and belief.
Signature of Authorised Representative
Place: Date:
Name: Designation: Contact number:
Annexure-XIII(C) Annexure-XI (B)

Information to be Submitted by a New Regional Entity
Sr. No. Item Name of the New Regional Entity: Name of the State: 1 A B C D E 2 A B C D E F G H I 3 A B C 4 A Generation Total Installed Capacity (MW) No. of Units Capacity of each unit (MW) Whether units put on FGMO / RGMO as per IEGC. If Yes, Unit wise details /Droop setting (%) Date of Commercial Operation (unit wise) Transmission Connectivity Voltage Levels (kV) ; No. of Circuits at each voltage level Name of the feeder/Circuits Connectivity between two voltage level Node of Connectivity to the Grid (in case of more than one node, add rows) Date of the charging of lines / connection to the Grid (node wise) Map / Diagram showing connectivity to the Grid Details of Reactive Compensation Details of Transformers Number, MVA rating, Voltage Ratio, vector of each transformer bank Agreement Details Quantum for which LTA has been sought (MW) Long Term Agreement (MW) for which PPA exists Medium Term Agreement (MW) for which PPA exists Undertakings Undertaking from new entity that it is not going to breach any PPA to sell in short term; Please give this information of undertaking Protection Details of Protective Relays Details of Protection Settings incorporated for Protection Coordination Any Special Protections Schemes used Station Details Single Line / Bus Diagram identifying all equipment Telemetry Type of Data Gateway (Remote Terminal Unit/ Substation Automation System Gateway) Data Communication connectivity followed Communication Details of the communication media, interface and capacity being targeted for connection for Data Remark
Yes/No
5 A B C 6 A 7 A B 8 A
Check List for a New Regional Entity
Page 1
C D E
9 A B C 10 A B C D 11 A B C
Communication Main Channel Details of the communication media, interface and capacity being targeted for connection for Data Communication Standby Channel Voice Communication Main Voice Communication Standby Details of any dedicated communication (Voice / Data) that the Station has with another Control Area and the neighboring station Whether real time data transfer from station to RLDC Yes/No has been tested If Yes; On which date If No; Proposed date Metering Details (Installed SEMs by CTU) Main Meters (feeder wise, with nos. ,CT/CVT ratios) Standby Meter (feeder wise, with nos., CT/CVT ratios) Check Meter (feeder wise, with nos., CT/CVT ratios) Manning of the Control Room Contact details (Telephone, FAX) Contact person Escalation Matrix starting from Control Room Shift In-charge to Senior Level Details of the Shift Operation Bank Account Details of the new Regional Entity (For all the pool accounts/Charges payable to RLDC) Bank Account No. Bank Name & Branch Bank Address
Note: After commission of generation a daily report has to be sent to the concerned RLDC.
Check List for a New Regional Entity
Page 2
Annexure-XIV(A)
Annexure-XIV(B)
Annexure-XIV(C)
Annexure-XV
ANNEXURE XIII
PROTECTION PHILOSPHY BY NRPC

Protection Philosophy agreed for implementation in Northern Region
S.No. PROTECTION SETTING Long lines Zone-1 Zone-2 Reach & Time 80% of the Protected line, Instantaneous 100% of the Protected line + 50% of the shortest line emanating from the far end bus bar or 120% of the Protected line whichever is higher. Time Setting: 350ms for short lines ( 100km ) and 500ms for long lines > 100km. 120% of the protected line + 100% of the longest line emanating from the far end bus bar or 100% of the Protected line + 100% of the longest line emanating from the far end bus bar + 25% of the longest line emanating from the far end of the second line considered, whichever is lower. The zone setting to be limited such that it will not reach into the next voltage level. Time Setting: 1000m sec. 25% of the Zone-1 reach. Time Setting: 1000m sec 80% of the Protected line. 100ms-time delay for allowing correct distance measurement after the series capacitor is bypassed. Block tripping in all zones, all lines. Out of Step tripping to be applied on all inter regional tie lines Deblock time delay = 2s Negative Sequence current to Positive Sequence current ratio more than 0.2(I2/I1 0.2) Only for alarm: Time delay = 3-5 sec To be applied on all 400kV and 220kV lines with the only exception of radial feeders. 1) On 400 & 220kV lines with 2 Main Protections, back up Earth Fault protections alone to be provided. No Over current protection to be applied. 2) On 220kV and lower voltage lines with only one Main protection Back up protection by IDMT O/C and E/F to be applied.
Zone-3
3 4 5 6
Zone- 3R Lines with Series and other compensations in the vicinity of Substation Power Swing Blocking
Protection for broken conductor Carrier Protection Back up Protection
7 8
Auto Re-closing with dead time. LBB Protection and bus bar protection
Single pole trip and re-closing Dead time = 1.0s. Reclaim time = 25.0s To be applied on all 400kV and 220kV sub stations with the only exception of 220kV radial fed bus bars. LBB Current sensor I > 20% In LBB time delay = 200ms
Annexure-XVI
PERMISSIBLE FREQUENCY RANGE FOR OPERATION OF VARIOUS MAKES OF STEAM TURBINE
Annexure-XV Annexure-XVII
Under frequency load shedding scheme in Northern Region (NR)
January, 2010
NRPC New Delhi
Under frequency load shedding scheme in Northern Region (NR) 1.0 1.1 Background Under frequency load shedding scheme (UFLS) was implemented in the NR in 1987 to take care of sudden outage of largest generating station i.e. 2000 MW Singrauli STPS. The UFLS was provided with two steps i.e. load relief of 1000 MW at 48.4 Hz and 2000 MW at 48.2 Hz. With the increase in size of the Northern grid, the UFLS was reviewed by the then NREB secretariat (now NRPC) and finalised after deliberation with the constituents of NR. A Chronology indicating the setting of UFRs and df/dt relays is given at Annexure I. The Indian Electricity Grid Code (effective from 1st April 2006) highlight operating code for regional grid (chapter 5) under Para 5.2 (M) as under. All Regional constituents shall provide automatic underfrequency and df/dt load shedding in their respective systems, to arrest frequency decline that could result in a collapse/disintegration of the grid, as per the plan separately finalized by the concerned RPC forum, and shall ensure its effective application to prevent cascade tripping of generating units in case of any contingency. All Regional constituents shall ensure that the above under-frequency and df/dt load shedding/islanding schemes are always functional. However, in case of extreme contingencies, these relays may be temporarily kept out of service with prior consent of RLDC. RLDC shall inform RPC Secretariat about instances when the desired load relief is not obtained through these relays in real time operation. RPC Secretariat shall carry out periodic inspection of the under frequency relays and maintain proper records of the inspection. 1.3 Accordingly NRPC (earlier NREB) has been deliberating the implementation of subject matter with the all the constituents of NR in OCC and NRPC meetings of NR. It is being ensured that all the constituents implemented the under frequency load shedding scheme as agreed in the RPC forum. The RPC Secretariat is also carrying out inspection of UFRs installed in the system by the constituents. A sample format for the inspection being carried out by NRPC secretariat is enclosed at Annexure-II.
1.2
2.0
Revision of UFR Settings Before Synchronization of NR CENTRAL GRID UFRs Setting
2.1
Before synchronization of NR-Central Grid a special NRPC meeting was convened for implementation of new proposed settings of UFRs in NR and WR because of increase in the system size. As decided in the meeting taken by Member (GO&D), on 5th July 2006, the three settings of UFRs for NR-WR are 48.8, 48.6 and 48.2 Hz, and for ER the settings are 48.4, and 48.1 Hz. It was decided in the 4th OCC meeting held on 7th July, 2006 that the existing settings of 48.5Hz and 48.4 Hz be revised as 48.8 Hz and 48.6 Hz respectively. The third setting set at 48 Hz and fourth settings set at 47.9 Hz are clubbed and set at 48.2 Hz. These settings were implemented w.e.f. 19th August 2006. State wise load relief to be provided by UFRs in NR is as given below. Load relief in MW 48.6 Hz 48.2 Hz
2.2
STATES
Peak MW Met 2008-09 7309 4791 6101 4034 8248 1267 1014 1380 279 29504
48.8 Hz
Total
Punjab Haryana Rajasthan Delhi UP Uttarakhand HP J&K Chandigarh TOTAL Df/dt relay 2.3
180 110 120 110 190 30 20 40 0 800
220 140 150 140 240 30 20 50 10 1000
400 350 425 350 475 100 75 75 0 2250
800 600 695 600 905 160 115 165 10 4050
All constituents would plan for 20 % more quantum than the agreed settings for achieving full planned relief from UFRs. Ref: MoM of 24th TCC and 27th of NRPC meeting dated 30th Nov 2012
The df/dt settings were carried out for the individual regions separately in the past as a safety net of the respective regions. The settings of the df/dt relays were at 48.8 Hz initiating frequency and 0.125 Hz/sec slope, 49.2 Hz initiating frequency and 0.2 Hz/sec slope 49.6 Hz initiating frequency and 0.3 Hz/sec slope and 50 Hz initiating frequency and 0.4 Hz/sec slope. The total load relief of df/dt relays was 5000 MW. However, with the synchronous interconnection of Northern Regional grid and Central grid comprising of Eastern Region, Western Region and North-Eastern Region (NEW Grid) on 26th August 2006 at 1222 hrs, the installed capacity in
NEW Grid has increased over 100000 MW in 2008-2009. Consequently inertia of the combined system has increased, resulting into lower rate of change of frequency for a given loss of generation or load. Therefore, the existing defense mechanism based on rate of change of frequency relay (or df/dt relay) for protecting the system from collapse, following a loss of generation has become practically ineffective. 2.4 A sub-group was constituted by the Operation Co-ordination SubCommittee (OCC) of the Northern Region Power Committee (NRPC) in its 9th meeting held on 15th Dec, 2006 to review the setting of df/dt relays, comprising of Members from NRLDC, UPPCL, DTL, RVPN & NRPC. A meeting was held among the representatives the ERPC, ERLDC, NRPC, NRLDC, and WRPC on 27th November 2007 to discuss the issues regarding finalization of df/dt relay settings. After detailed deliberations, following relay settings were decided upon: Stage 1 of df/dt to protect the combined NEW grid from loss of generation of a large power station. Stage 2 of df/dt to protect the split grid from loss of generation of a large power station in NR, WR, ER. Setting of NR WR df/dt relay 2000 MW at 0.1 2000 MW at 0.1 STAGE - 1 Hz/Sec. at 49.9Hz. Hz/Sec. at 49.9Hz ER 800MW (600MW ER+ 200MW SR) at 0.125 Hz/Sec. at 49.9Hz. Nil
2.5
STAGE- 2
2000 MW at 0.2 2000 MW at 0.2 Hz/Sec. at 49.9Hz. Hz/Sec. at 49.9Hz.
Stage 3 (or Stage-4) of df/dt to protect the individual regional grid/ state grid from loss of generation in the event of isolation. The setting and quantum of relief through df/dt relay may be decided by the respective region/ state on its own. During the discussion it was also decided to continue the existing UFR settings in the Northern and Western Regions. However, it was agreed to raise 1st stage UFR relay setting in the Eastern Region to 48.6 Hz instantaneous from 48.5 Hz.
2.6
NRPC/ NRLDC provided state wise breakup of load (2000 MW) in NR system for the proposed 3rd stage of df/dt relay scheme. 3rd stage of df/dt relay scheme is decided at 0.3 Hz/sec at 49.9 Hz. The basis of the same is as under: a) For Stage-I at 0.1 Hz/sec, the same has been uniformly distributed in Northern Region in the ratio of peak MW load met in 2006-07. In UP it might be ensured that 50% of these relays are installed in western UP. (West of Lucknow/Panki/Unnao axis). b) For Stage-II and Stage-III at 0.2 Hz/sec and 0.3 Hz/sec respectively, the same should act when there is an East-West separation within NR. Therefore these have been distributed in the ratio of loads in western part of the Northern Grid only. (Taking western UP load as 50% of UP load). c) Uttarakhand, HP, J&K and UT Chandigarh have been included in the list. These were not there earlier. The df/dt quantum for Punjab, Haryana, HP, J&K, UT Chandigarh as a whole would also take care of the winter off-peak conditions when hydro generation in this pocket is almost NIL leading to heavy imports from rest of the grid. OCC in its meeting held on 7th January, 2008 approved the following settings in the Northern Region. State wise load relief of df/dt relays is as given below. Load relief in MW Stage-II Stage-III 49.9Hz& 49.9Hz& 0.2Hz/sec 0.3Hz/sec 490 310 370 280 280 70 70 90 50 2010 490 310 370 280 280 70 70 90 50 2010
2.7
STATES
Stage-I 49.9Hz& 0.1Hz/sec 430 280 330 250 500 70 50 90 0 2000
Total
Punjab Haryana Rajasthan Delhi UP Uttarakhand HP J&K Chandigarh TOTAL
1410 900 1070 810 1060 210 190 270 100 6020
2.8
The df/dt relays should not overlap the areas under flat UFRs / Rotational Load Shedding Equipment (RLSE) scheme as well as the System Protection Scheme (SPS) loads identified as well as manual load shedding.
3.0
Major Decisions regarding UFRs and df/dt relays The constituent States were requested to submit the details of the UFRs operations during each month to NRPC Secretariat. Based on the analysis of the data submitted by the constituent States, deliberations are held in the OCC meetings. The issue is also flagged in the NRPC meeting in case of those constituent States who do not provide the desired relief in the Grid. The major decisions taken regarding operation of UFR and df/dt relays in the NRPC meetings are as under. a) As decided in the 7th NRPC meeting held on 21-12-2007 adequate load relief was to be provided by installing 30% additional UFRs, to compensate the manual load shedding on feeders connected to UFRs. b) The UFRs installed in the system should be tele-metered and mapped to SCADA system (as per decision of the 14th NRPC meeting held on 19th Sept, 2009). c) Constituent States have been requested to supply data on load relief through UFRs, rotational load shedding scheme and manual load shedding on typical days and time in each month when frequency falls below 48.8 Hz. d) The load relief by UFR should not be counted for those feeders which are already on manual load shedding of statutory power cuts. As UFRs are the defense mechanism for the system and it should be ensured that whenever required, these operate successfully.
4.0
State wise summary of UFR & df/dt Relays is at Annexure-III.
Annexure- I The setting of UFR and df/dt relays in NR- A chronology Year 1987 1000 MW at 48.4 Hz. 2000 MW at 48.2 Hz. 1500 MW at 48.2 Hz. 800 MW at 48.5 Hz. 1000 MW at 48.4 Hz. 1250 MW at 48 Hz. 1000 MW at 47.9 Hz. 4050 MW 0.125 Hz/sec slope at 48.8 Hz 0.2 Hz/sec slope at 49.2 Hz. 0.3 Hz/sec slope at 49.6 Hz. 0.4Hz/sec slope at 50 Hz 5000 MW 800 MW at 48.8 Hz. 1000 MW at 48.6 Hz. 2250 MW at 48.2 Hz.
Nov. 2000 Feb. 2005
Total load relief df/dt relays setting
Total load relief of df/dt relays August. 2006
df/dt relays setting Stage I Stage II Stage IIII 2000 MW at 0.1 Hz/sec. at 49.9 Hz. 2000 MW at 0.2 Hz/sec. at 49.9 Hz. 2000 MW at 0.3 Hz/sec. at 49.9 Hz.
Annexure-XVIII
RATE OF CHANGE OF FREQUENCY SETTING AND QUANTUM OF RELIEF
Table 1: df/dt setting and quantum of load relief
Load relief in MW Stage-1 States 49.9 HZ & 0.1 HZ/Sec 430 280 330 250 500 70 50 90 0 2000 Stage-II 49.9 HZ & 0.2 HZ/Sec 490 310 370 280 280 70 70 90 50 2010 Stage-III 49.9 HZ & 0.3 HZ/Sec 490 310 370 280 280 70 70 90 50 2010 Total
Punjab Haryana Rajasthan Delhi Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Chandigarh Total
1410 900 1070 810 1060 210 190 270 100 6020
Annexure-XIX
SYSTEM PROTECTION SCHEMES IN OPERATION IN NORTHERN REGION SPS RELATED TO CONTINGENCY IN INTEREGIONAL CORRIDOR Scheme Reference: SPS Category: Corridor: Scheme Logic Case Case-1 Contingency Reduction of import by NR on 765 kV Agra-Gwalior ckt-I & II by more than 1000 MW but less than 1500 MW Reduction of import by NR on 765 kV Agra-Gwalior ckt-I & II by more than or equal to 1500 MW Action Shed loads in Groups C and D Northern Region Action-1 Shed Loads in Groups C, D, E and F SPS/IR/LINE/01 SPS for Inter regional corridor WR-NR corridor
in the
Case-2
Case-3
Action-2 Automatically back down 500 MW generation in Western Region in the shortest possible time a. Total steady state flow on 765 Shed load in Group C and D kV Gwalior to Agra in case both ckt is in service more than 2000 MW or b. flow on 765kV from Gwalior to Agra when only one ckt is in service more than 1500 MW for a period of 2 seconds OR Steady State voltage at 400/765 kV Agra less than 380 kV / 730 kV respectively for a period of 2 (two) seconds
Remark: 1. The envisaged automatic backing down of generation in the WR for Case-2 is yet to be implemented. 2. Load Shedding shall be achieved within 500 ms, including all signal propagation/breaker opening time delay 3. Load shedding in Western Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana area
Table 1: Load Shedding Details for SPS/IR/LINE/01
Scheme Reference: SPS Category: Contingency: Scheme logic Case Case-1
SPS/IR/LINE/02 SPS for Inter regional corridor ER-NR corridor
Contingency Action Flow >1200 MW (ER to NR, measured Action-1 at Gorakhpur) & D/C trips Immediately Shed Loads in Groups in Groups A and D Action-2 Ramp up the power flow from West to North by 100 MW (variable) to Northern Region through HVDC back-to-back stations at Vindhyachal at the maximum ramp rate possible (300 MW/Sec) Flow >1800 MW (ER to NR, measured Action-1 at Gorakhpur) & stays above this value Immediately Shed Loads in Groups in for more than 5 seconds (Such type of Groups C and D contingency may arise due to tripping of either 400kV Biharsharif-Balia D/C Action-2 or 400kV Patna-Balia D/C or loss of Ramp up the power flow from West to 1000 MW generation in NR North by 100 MW (variable) to Northern Region through HVDC back-to-back stations at Vindhyachal at the maximum ramp rate possible (300 MW/Sec).
Case-2
Load Shedding shall be achieved within 500 ms, including all signal propagation/breaker opening time delay
Table 2: Load shedding SPS SPS/IR/LINE/02
Scheme Reference: SPS Category: Contingency: Scheme logic

Case-1 Contingency Blocking of (one pole or Bipole) AND
SPS/IR/LINE/04 SPS for Inter regional corridor Tripping of HVDC Mundra-Mahendragarh Bipole
Action-1 Generation reduction of equivalent amount in Mundra Stage-III (WR) through the run back scheme
Action-2 Shed 300 MW identified load in Northern Region within 500 ms (including all signal propagation / breaker opening time delay) Haryana: 150 MW, Punjab:50 MW, Rajasthan: 50 MW, UP: 50 MW
Reduction in power injection at Mahendergarh by more than 600 MW and upto 900 MW Case-2 Blocking of (one pole or Bipole) AND Reduction in power injection at Mahendergarh by more than 900 MW and upto 1250 MW
Action-2 Shed 600 MW load identified in Northern Region within 500 ms (including all signal propagation / breaker opening time delay) Haryana: 300 MW, Punjab:100 MW, Rajasthan: 100 MW, UP: 100 MW
Case-3 Blocking of Bipole AND Reduction in power injection at Mahendergarh by more than 1250 MW and upto 2000 MW
Action-2 Shed 1400 MW load identified in Northern Region within 500 ms (including all signal propagation / breaker opening time delay) Haryana: 600 MW, Punjab:200 MW, Rajasthan: 200 MW, UP: 200 MW, Delhi: 200 MW
Case-4 Blocking of Bipole AND Reduction in power injection at Mahendergarh by more than 2000MW
Action-2 Shed 1900 MW load identified in Northern Region within 500 ms (including all signal propagation / breaker opening time delay) Haryana: 700 MW, Punjab:300 MW, Rajasthan: 300 MW, UP: 300 MW, Delhi: 300 MW
Table 3: Details of Load Shedding

S No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 Haryana Case-1: 150MW Case-2: 300MW Case-3: 600MW Case-4: 700MW State / L.S. quantum Name of feeding substation 220/132 kV Alwar Rajasthan Case-1: 50 MW Case-2: 100MW Case-3: 200MW Case-4: 300MW 220/132 kV Ratangarh 220/132 kV Bhilwara 220/132 kV Merta 400/220 kV Bhiwani_BB 400/220 kV Hisar_PG 400/220 kV Dhanonda Thru 220 kV Lula Ahir 400/220 kV Bahadurgarh 132kV Ch Dadri 220/66 Gobindgarh 220/66 kV Laltokalan 220/66kV Malerkotla Feeder/ line /equipment 132kV Mandaver 132kV Bansoor 132kV Ramgarh 132kV Malakheda Alwar (local load) 132kV Saradar Shahar 132kV Gangapur 132kV Danta 132kV Devgarh 132kV Kareda 132kV Kuchera 132kV Lamaba 132kV Gotan 220kV Bapora D/C 220kV Isharwal D/C 220kV Rewari (3x100 MVA) 220 kV Nuna Majra (3x100 MVA) 132 kV Kalanaur 66kV Talwara-1 66kV Talwara-2 66kV Gill road-1 66kV Gill road-2 66kV Dugri 66kV Malerkotla 66kV Lasoi Amargarh Thana Bhawan-1 Thana Bhawan-2 Jasala-1 Jasala-2 Kharad-1 Kharad-2 Baraut-1 Baraut-2 Najafgarh-1 Najafgarh-2 Gopalpur-1 Gopalpur-2 1 1 1 Case-1 300 MW 1 Case-2 600 MW 1 1 1 Case-3 1400 MW 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Case-4 2000MW 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Punjab Case-1: 50 MW Case-2: 100MW Case-3: 200 MW Case-4: 300 MW
Uttar Pradesh Case-1: 50 MW Case-2: 100MW Case-3: 200MW Case-4: 400MW Delhi Case-1: Nil Case-2: Nil Case-3: 200MW Case-4: 300MW Shamli
400/220kV Bamnauli 400/220kV Mandola
1 1 1 1
SPS RELATED TO CONTINGENCY IN INTRA REGIONAL CORRIDOR Scheme Reference: SPS Category: Contingency: Scheme logic Case Case-1 Contingency Tripping of any or both poles resulting in power order reduction by 750 MW and above Action Action-1 Immediately Shed Loads in Groups A, B, C &D Action-2 Reduce generation at Singrauli/Rihand by 500 MW in the fastest possible time, and Action-3 Ramp down the power flow from West to North by 100 MW (variable) to Northern Region through HVDC back-to-back stations at Vindhyachal at the maximum ramp rate possible (300 MW/Sec) Tripping of any or both poles resulting Action-1 in power order reduction above 500 Immediately Shed Loads in Groups C & D MW but less than 750 MW Action-2 Ramp down the power flow from West to North by 100 MW (variable) to Northern Region through HVDC back-to-back stations at Vindhyachal at the maximum ramp rate possible (300 MW/Sec) SPS/NR/LINE/01 SPS for Intra regional corridor HVDC Rihand-Dadri Bipole
Case-2
Load Shedding shall be achieved within 500 ms, including all signal propagation/breaker opening time delay
Table 4: Load Shedding details: SPS/NR/LINE/01
Scheme Reference: SPS Category: Contingency: Scheme logic
SPS/NR/LINE/04 SPS for Intra regional corridor HVDC Balia-Bhiwadi Bipole (Phase-2)
Case Case-1
Case-2
Contingency Tripping of pole resulting in power order reduction by more than 500 MW and upto 750 MW. (Measured at Bhiwadi) Tripping of pole resulting in power order reduction by more than 750 MW and upto 1500 MW. (Measured at Bhiwadi)
Action Shed Loads in Groups C & D
Action-1 Shed Loads in Groups A, B, C & D as described
Case-3
Case-4
Action-2 Automatically back down generation by 250 MW at Singrauli-Rihand complex in Northern region and by 250 MW in the Eastern region at Kahalgaon in the shortest possible time Tripping of poles resulting in power Action-1 order reduction above 1500 MW and Shed loads in Groups A, B, C, D, E & F upto 2000 MW.(Measured at Bhiwadi) Action-2 Automatically back down generation by 750 MW at Singrauli-Rihand complex in northern region and by 750 MW in the eastern region at Kahalgaon/ Barh/ Farakka in the shortest possible time. Tripping of poles resulting in power Action 1 order reduction above 2000 MW. Shed loads in Groups A, B, C, D, E, F & G (Measured at Bhiwadi) Action 2 Automatically back down generation by 750 MW at Singrauli-Rihand complex in northern region and by 750 MW in the eastern region at Kahalgaon/ Barh/ Farakka in the shortest possible time.
Remark: 1. The envisaged automatic backing down of generation in the Singrauli-Rihand complex for Case-2 is yet to be implemented. 2. Load Shedding shall be achieved within 500 ms, including all signal propagation/breaker opening time delay
Table 5: : Load Shedding details for SPS/NR/LINE/04 SPS/NR/LINE/0
SPS RELATED TO SECURE EVACUATION FROM GENERATION COMPLEX
Scheme Reference: SPS Category: Contingency: Scheme logic Case Case-1 Case-2 Case-3 Case-4
SPS/NR/GEN/01 SPS for Secure evacuation from Generation Complex Evacuating lines from Jhakri-Wangtoo-Baspa complex
Contingency Load on any of the lines at Jhakri exceeds 800 MW 400 kV bus voltage at Wangtoo drops below 395 kV any two lines of Jhakri trip
Action Trip 2 units of Wangtoo HPS Trip 2 units of Wangtoo HPS
Trip 2 units of Jhakri and 2 units of Wangtoo HPS Both 400 kV Wangtoo-Abdullapur lines Trip 2 units of Wangtoo HPS at Wangtoo trip
SPS action to be achieved within 100 ms of the contingency.
SPS RELATED TO OVERLOADING OF INTERCONNECTING TRANSFORMERS
SPS Scheme general logic: The SPS would shed load in groups depending on no. of ICTs in operation. In order to achieve it, loads for shedding by SPS would be divided into number of groups. The no. of groups would be one less than the no. of transformers operating in parallel. Count the no. of ICTs operating in parallel. Case Case-1 Contingency Loading on the ICT is more than 85 % and no. of ICTs operating in parallel is 4 and 1 out of these 4 ICT trips Loading on the ICT is more than 75 % and no. of ICTs operating in parallel is 3 and 1 out of these 3 ICT trips Loading on the ICT is more than 55 % and no. of ICTs operating in parallel is 2 and 1 out of these 2 ICT trips Action Shed load in one of the identified groups
Case-2
Shed load in one of the identified groups
Case-3
Shed load in one of the identified groups
Scheme Ref SPS/NR/TRF/01 SPS/NR/TRF/02
Location Ballabgarh Maharanibagh
Transformation Capacity 4 x 315 MVA = 1260 MVA 2x315 + 2x500 MVA = 1630 MVA
Identified feeders for tripping 220kV Samaypur-Palwal ckt-1 220kV Samaypur-Palwal ckt-2 220kV Maharanibagh - Masjid Moth ckt-1 220kV Maharanibagh - Sarita vihar 220kV Maharanibagh - AIIMS Trauma center ckt-1 220kV Maharanibagh - Electric lane 220kV Mandola-Gopalpur 220kV Mandola-Narela ckt-1&2 220kV Bamnauli-Papankalan ckt-1 220kV Bamnauli-Papankalan ckt-2
SPS/NR/TRF/03 SPS/NR/TRF/04
Mandaula Bamnauli
4 x 315 MVA = 1260 MVA 4 x 315 MVA = 1260 MVA
Annexure-XX
ANNEXURE XVIII
Islanding Schemes of Northern Region
1. NAPS Islanding Scheme

NAPS ISLANDING SCHEME
MNAGAR
AGRA HATRAS
SHATABDI NAGAR
MATORE(PG)
JBAD
GEN-1/2 FREQUENCY
SIMBHOLI MORADBAD
514--L-1 514--L-2
KHURJA
HGANJ
1x100 MVA 1x160 MVA
514--L-3,4
ANN-497 HIGH FREQ. TRIP BLOCK / SPEEDER ON MANUAL
132KV
ATRAULI
514--L-5
1x100 MVA 1x160 MVA
132KV
47.5Hz
47.7Hz
TO BLOCK HIGH FREQ. TRIP & SPEEDER AUTO SIGNAL One Unit Operation TO TRIP
220KV BUS NAPS
5 SEC TD
1 SEC TD
TO TRIP
To Trip Gen. Bkr. & initiate auto transfer
LEGEND X - LINE CB TRIPPING AT 47.7Hz. - LINE CB TRIPPING AT 47.5Hz., 1 SEC.TD
2. RAPS A Islanding Scheme

RAPS-A: The frequency setting and time delay for islanding and units coming to house loads are given in table 1:
Table 1:
Islanding House Loading
RAPP- A Frequency Time Delay Hz. Sec. 47.5 Instantaneous 47.5 10 seconds 47.1 Instantaneous
RAPP A islands at 47.5 Hz instantaneous The following conditions are envisaged: 1. When only one machine is generating at RAPP A, matching load will be provided by Debari alone. Under this condition, 220 kV RAPP A Kota-I & III lines shall trip at 47.5 Hz (with Kota-II already connected to RAPP B). Thus Kota loads are automatically disconnected from RAPP A. 2. When both the machines of RAPP A are generating, matching load will be provided by Debari, part Kota, Modak and Jhalawar. 3. At a later date if the load of Modak and Jhalawar is fed directly from KTPS, equivalent matching load on 220 kV Kota Sakatpura shall be provided on any 132 kV Outgoing feeder on radial mode to provide load generation balance. 4. The loads shall be regulated such that Debari load is equal to Unit-II generation minus 35 MW. 5. The following arrangements are to be kept at RAPP A, 220 KV GSSs of Debari, Sakatpura (Kota), Jhalalwar & Modak stations to ensure smooth functioning of the Islanding Scheme. The operating status of UFR relay like Block, Operative and Normally Open required to be kept for successful islanding has been also indicated.
At RAPS-A:
The status of feeder with setting of U/F relays is kept as under:
AT 220 KV GSS DEBARI
1. 132 kV loads from Debari will be regulated through under frequency relay set at 47.5 Hz and the trippings shall be blocked/operative as per the load requirement. 2. 132 kV Banswara - Nimbahera will be kept permanently open at Pratapgarh. The status of feeders with setting of U/F Relay is kept as under:
At 220 KV GSS KOTA SAKATPURA
The following arrangements are being kept at 220 kV Kota Sakatpura:-
1. 220 kV Bus D is to be kept as dedicated for RAPP A Island. 220 kV Bus Coupler between A to D will be operative at under frequency setting of 47.5 Hz so that Bus D remains connected to RAPP A. 132 kV RPS-Kota Circuit (direct) will be kept on 132 kV Bus of Transformer No. 4 connected to Bus D, which will provide RPS Hydel support to the island, if required. 2. 100 MVA Transformer No. 4 shall be always kept on Bus D 220 kV Jhalawar & Modak shall also remain connected on Bus D. Transformer No. 4 will provide load of 132 kV Bundi, 132 kV SWM-II, Gopal Mill, 132/33 kV 100 MVA Transformer No. 2 20/25 MVA for the Island. The U/F tripping on these loads will be set at 47.5 Hz and shall be kept operative/blocked as per load requirement to be monitored by L.D.
3. 220 kV Kota (I)-RAPP A connected on Bus D will be Blocked/Operative at
47.5 Hz as per generation available at RAPP A. 4. 220 kV Kota (III) -RAPP A will be on any Bus A, B or C with U/F relay operative at 47.5 Hz. 5. 220 kV RAPP B-Kota-II will also be on any Bus A, B or C with U/F relay operative at 47.7 Hz. 6. The synchronization of island may be done at RPS with MP Power on 132 kV Gandhi Sagar line-II or at Kota (S) with 220 kV Ujjain-Kota if required. MP power will be available through 220 kV Ujjain-Kota (II) but this circuit will be normally open at Kota. Status of U/F relays and setting on the feeders will be as under:
AT RPS Hydel
1. One unit (machine No.4) will be kept on main Bus B which is Islanding Bus and 3 units on 132 kV main Bus A. 132 kV Gandhi Sagar Circuit-II will be on Bus B and shall be kept normally open at RPS end. This may be utilized to further synchronise the Island with MP to stabilize the island system, if required. 2. 132 kV RPS-Kota (Direct ckt.) will also be on main Bus B included in the Island. 3. 132 kV RPS-Bhilwara I & II will be on Bus A. The under frequency relay settings will be as under:-
AT 220 kV MODAK
All loads will be kept connected.

AT 220 kV JHALWAR
All loads will be kept connected.
3. RAPS-B Islanding Scheme

RAPS-B: The frequency setting and time delay for islanding and units coming to house loads are given in table:
Table 2:
Islanding shall take place at 47.7 Hz with 5 sec. delay or 47.5 Hz instantaneous. 1. At RAPP B, the total generation of Unit-III & IV is expected to be around 400 MW. RAPP-B machines will be islanded separately with matching load of 180200 MW. This load is to be provided from Chittor, Nimbahera & Bhilwara. No Under Frequency Relays are required for 220 kV Chittor-Nimbahera line and 220 kV RAPP B Chittor (Chittor end) on both the circuits. Loads of 132 kV GSS Hamirgarh, Sawa, M/s Aditya Cement, M/s BCW, M/s CCW & M/s HZL shall be fed from 220 kV Chittorgarh. The operating status of UFR relay like Block, Operative and Normally Open required to be kept for successful islanding has been also indicated. The settings of under frequency relays in the above Island are to be kept as under:
2.
3. 4.
AT RAPS-B End:
AT 220 KV GSS CHITTORGARH The U/F Relays of 220 kV Chittorgarh-Bhilwara (both ends) will be made operative by LD if the requirement of load is indicated by RAPP authorities to be around 100-120 MW (one unit), otherwise this relay will be kept blocked so as to provide islanding load of 180-200 MW.
AT 220 kV GSS DEBARI
AT 220 kV GSS SAKATPURA KOTA The under frequency relay on 220 kV Kota-RAPP B (II circuit) which will normally remain on Bus C, will be set at 47.7 Hz (Inst.) and will remain operative. AT 220 kV GSS NIMBAHERA Loads of 132 kV Bhinder, Mangalwad, Chhoti Sadri and Pratapgarh shall be fed rom Nimbahera and shall not be transferred to other GSSs without approval of SE(SO&LD). AT 220 kV GSS BHILWARA Bus arrangement on 220 kV side will be as under: On 220 kV Main Bus (A+Bus III). 220 kV Bhilwara-Kota-I 220 kV Bhilwara-Kota-II
220 kV Bhilwara-Bali-Sirohi 220 kV Bhilwara-Kankroli-Sirohi 220 kV Bhilwara-Anta-I 220 kV Bhilwara-Anta-II 220 kV Bhilwara-Beawar 220 kV Bhilwara-Jodhpur On 220 kV Main Bus (B+C) (Islanding bus). 220 kV Side of220/132 kV, 100 MVA Transformer No.1. 220 kV Side of 220/132 kV Transformer No.2 220 kV Bhilwara-Chittorgarh AT RPS POWER STATION 132 kV RPS-Bhilwara-I & II will be connected on Bus A.
AT 220 KV GSS BEAWAR

i. 132 kV Beawar-Bhilwara Via Asind Operative 47.7 Hz (Inst.)
AT 132 kV GSS KHARCHI
Annexure-XXI
IV. Data to be furnished by the inter-State Transmission Licensees to POSOCO (1) The Dependability Index defined as where is the number of correct operations during the given time interval and is the number of failures to operate at internal power system faults. (2) The Security Index defined as where (3) is the number of unwanted operations.
The Reliability Index defined where is the number of incorrect operations and is the sum of and .
(4) (5)
From above
= +1
The number of trippings of each transmission element. Five or more trippings of a transmission element in a month to be put on the website by the inter-State Transmission Licensees and reported to the Commission by POSOCO
Note: 1. 2. The data for these indices are presently prescribed for collection by the System Operator. These indices shall be computed by the POSOCO and furnished to the Commission on monthly basis.
Page10of11
Format for Preliminary Report NORTHERN REGION LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE, NEW DELHI
Priliminary Report
Date and Time of Event Introduction of Event
Annexure-XXII
Weather Loss of Gen (MW) Names of Plant Affected Loss of Load Area Affected Substations Affected Antecedent Condition :Frequency NR Demand Met Total IR Import Rihand -Dadri Flow Balia-Bhiwadi Flow
Vin BTB Flow (West to North)
MW
Hz MW MW MW MW MW
Triggering Incident:
Description
It is requested to kindly forward the details of tripping in your area, during above incident for further analysis. Disturbance Recorder / Event Logger output and analysis associated with above incidents may kindly be forwarded in line with Section 5.9.6 of the Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC).
Signature Distribution : ###################
SLDCs : Punjab (Patiala) ,Haryana (Chandigarh), Rajasthan ( Heerapura), Delhi ( Minto Road), UP ( Lucknow), Uttarakhand ( Rishikesh), J K (Gladni), BBMB (Chandigarh) Member Secretary, NRPC, New Delhi General Manager, NRLDC, New Delhi
Annexure-XXIII
Annexure-XXIV
Quarter: Region: Northern Region
a) Section 1 : Transmission Constraints S. Corridor Season / Description of the constraints No Antecedent Conditions
Figure/ table no.
Has the constraint occurred in earlier quarter ?. Details thereof
b) ICT Constraints S. No ICT Season/ Antecedent Conditions Description of the constraints Figure/ Has the constraint table occurred in earlier no. quarter? Details.
c) Low Voltage S. No Nodes Season/ Antecedent Conditions Description of the constraints Figure/ table no. Has the constraint occurred in earlier quarter? Details.
d) High Voltage S. No Nodes Season/ Antecedent Conditions Description of the constraints Figure / table no. Has the constraint occurred in earlier quarter?
Quarter:
Region: Northern Region
Section 2 a) Lines opened on high voltage
b) Lines opened to control overloading S. No Transmission Element (s) opened Overloaded corridor Remarks
Section 3: Load Growth vis a vis Projections a) Peak Demand Met Yearly (state-wise as well as of region) S. No Year Peak Demand Met Latest EPS projection Yearly growth rate in peak demand met Yearly projected growth in EPS
b) Peak Demand Met Monthly for each month of the last quarter (state-wise and region) S. No Month Peak Demand Met RPC LGB projection Growth rate in peak demand met over same month of last year Projected growth over same month of last year as per RPC LGB projection
c) Energy Met Yearly(MU Per day) (state-wise as well as of region) S. No Year Energy Met Latest EPS projection Yearly growth rate in energy met Yearly projected growth as per latest EPS
Quarter:
d) Energy Met Monthly(MU Per day) for each month of last quarter (state-wise as well as of region) S. No Month Energy Met RPC LGB projection Growth rate in energy met over same month of last year Projected growth over same month of last year as per RPC LGB
Section 4: Generation Addition in the quarter The section may highlight generating units whose delayed/ early commissioning has caused a system constraint. S. Generating No Unit Area/ State Proposed Actual/ Likely Transmission Constraint Commissioning Commissioning Caused Date Date
Section 5: Transmission Addition in the quarter The section may highlight transmission elements whose delayed/ early commissioning has caused a system constraint S. Transmission No. Corridor Proposed Commissioning Date Actual/ Likely Transmission Constraint Caused Commissioning Date
Section 6: Grid Events a) Incidents of multiple elements outage, natural calamities impacting the power system, oscillations observed in the system etc. Sl. No Date and Time of the Event Event Description Impact: Generation, load, transmission system effected
Quarter:
b) Frequency Response Characteristics for Northern Region Change in Generation/Load Frequency loss (Hz) (MW) FRC of NR (MW/Hz)
S No.
Date
Time
Events
1. If the fault level has crossed 32 kA, the buses may also be highlighted. DR outputs, if any, for actual event illustrating this to be attached 2. Any substation layout which affected grid operation adversely could also be highlighted. 3. Markets: Congestion in STOA, collective and real time (no of days in the quarter, the corridor or flowgate experiencing congestion, its effect on prices etc.) S No. Corridor Before-the-fact curtailment MU Curtailment in Real-time MU
1 2 3 Note: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Before the fact curtailment = Requested Energy Approved Energy Real-time curtailment = Approved Energy Scheduled Energy Real-time curtailment in ER-NR mainly on 30th and 31st July 2012 Before the fact curtailment on WR-NR primarily on account of downward revision of WR-NR TTC in August and September 2012

Operating Procedures of NR - 2013-14 PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Operating Procedures of NR - 2013-14 PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

( (IEGC) 5.

Operating Procedure For Northern Region

May 2013 Rev 0

PLANNED OUTAGE COORDINATION .............................................................................................................. 6

SWITCHING COORDINATION ........................................................................................................................... 8

FREQUENCY CONTROL .................................................................................................................................... 11

CONGESTION MANAGEMENT AND ALLEVIATION.................................................................................. 17

10.0 DEFENCE MECHANISMS FOR THE SYSTEM............................................................................................... 32

11.0 GRID INCIDENT, GRID DISTURBANCE AND REVIVAL ............................................................................ 35

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER 1 1.0 GENERAL 1.1 INTRODUCTION

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER-2 2.0 PLANNED OUTAGE COORDINATION 2.1 OVERVIEW

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER-3 3.0 SWITCHING COORDINATION 3.1 OVERVIEW

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER- 4 4.0 FREQUENCY CONTROL 4.1 OVERVIEW

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

PREVENTIVE MEASURES DURING HIGH FREQUENCY CONDITIONS

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

The details may be referred in Chapter on Defence Plan.

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER- 5 5.0 VOLTAGE CONTROL 5.1 OVERVIEW

Nominal 765 400 220 132 110 66 33

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

SWITCHING OF BUS REACTORS AND SWITCHABLE LINE REACTORS

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER- 6 6.0 CONGESTION MANAGEMENT AND ALLEVIATION 6.1 GENERAL

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

MAJOR CORRIDORS/FLOW GATES IN NORTHERN REGION

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER 7 7.0 DEMAND MANAGEMENT 7.1 OVERVIEW

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER-8 8.0 SCHEDULING AND DESPATCH 8.1 OVERVIEW

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

SCHEDULING OF HYDRO STATION:

BBMB/DEL HI SLDC(For Bawana CCGT) Scheduling Request of Collective NLDC Transactions

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

To Regional Entity NRLDC SLDC/ ISGS

To be sent by (time in hrs) 1800

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

CHAPTER -9 9.0 SETTLEMENT SYSTEM 9.1 OVERVIEW

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

Three stages of df/dt settings have been envisaged.

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013

NRLDC: Operating Procedure for Northern Region-May-2013