Hallmark Findings
Albumino-Cytologic
Dissociation
Antiplatelet Antibodies
Arachnodactyly
Aschoff Bodies
Auer Rods
Autosplenectomy
Babinski
Basophilic Stippling of RBCs
Bence Jones Protein
Birbeck Granules
Blue Bloater
Boot-Shaped Heart
Bouchard’s Nodes
Boutonniere’s Deformity
Brown Tumor
Brushfield Spots
Call-Exner Bodies
Cardiomegaly with Apical
Atrophy
Chancre
Chancroid
Charcot Triad
Charcot-Leyden Crystals
Cheyne-Stokes Breathing
Chocolate Cysts
Chvostek’s Sign
Clue Cells
Codman’s Triangle
Cold Agglutinins
Condyloma Lata
Cotton Wool Spots
Councilman Bodies
Crescents In Bowman’s
Capsule
Currant-Jelly Sputum
Curschmann’s Spirals
Depigmentation Of
Substantia Nigra
Donovan Bodies
Eburnation
Ectopia Lentis
Erythema Chronicum
Migrans
Fatty Liver
Ferruginous Bodies
Ghon Focus / Complex
Gower’s Maneuver
Heberden’s Nodes
Heinz Bodies
• Guillain-Barre (markedly increased protein in CSF with only modest
increase in cell count)
• idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
• Marfan’s
• rheumatic fever
• acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML type M3)
• sickle cell anemia
• UMN lesion
• lead poisoning
• multiple myeloma free light chains (either kappa or lambda)
• Waldenstrom’s macroglobinemia
• histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma)
• Chronic Bronchitis
• Tetralogy of Fallot
• osteoarthritis (PIP)
• rheumatoid arthritis
• hyperparathyroidism
• Down’s
• granulosa cell tumor
• Chagas’ Disease
• 1 ° Syphilis
• Haemophilus ducreyi
• multiple sclerosis (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning speech)
• bronchial asthma
• cerebral lesion
• endometriosis
• Hypocalcemia facial spasm in tetany
• Gardnerella vaginitis
• osteosarcoma
• Mycoplasma pneumoniae
• infectious mononucleosis
• 2 ° Syphilis
• HTN
• dying hepatocytes
• rapidly progressive (crescentic glomerulonephritis)
• Klebsiella
• bronchial asthma
• Parkinson’s
• granuloma inguinale (STD)
• osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
• Marfan’s
• Lyme Disease
• Alcoholism
• asbestosis
• Tuberculosis (1 ° & 2 ° , respectively)
• Duchenne’s MD use of arms to stand
• Osteoarthritis (DIP)
• G6PDH Deficiency
Hemorrhagic Urticaria
Heterophil Antibodies
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• infectious mononucleosis
(EBV)
Hirano Bodies
Hypersegmented PMNs
Hypochromic Microcytic
RBCs
Jarisch-Herxheimer
Reaction
Joint Mice
Kaussmaul Breathing
Keratin Pearls
Keyser-Fleischer Ring
Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules
Koilocytes
Koplik Spots
Lewy Bodies
Lines of Zahn
Lisch Nodules
Lumpy-Bumpy IF Glomeruli
McBurney’s Sign
Michealis-Gutmann Bodies
Monoclonal Antibody Spike
Myxedema
Negri Bodies
Neuritic Plaques
Neurofibrillary Tangles
Non-pitting Edema
Notching of Ribs
Nutmeg Liver
Painless Jaundice
Pannus
Pautrier’s Microabscesses
Philadelphia Chromosome
Pick Bodies
Pink Puffer
Podagra
Port-Wine Stain
Posterior Anterior Drawer
Sign
• Henoch-Schonlein
• infectious mononucleosis (EBV)
• Alzheimer’s
• Megaloblastic anemia
• iron-deficiency anemia
• Syphilis over-aggressive treatment of an asymptomatic pt. that
causes symptoms 2° to rapid lysis
• osteoarthritis (fractured osteophytes)
• acidosis
• SCCA
• Wilson’s
• diabetic nephropathy
• HPV
• measles
• Parkinson’s (eosinophilic inclusions in damaged substantia nigra
cells)
• arterial thrombus
• neurofibromatosis (von Recklinhausen’s disease)
• poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
• appendicitis (McBurney’s Point is 2/3 of the way from the umbilicus
to anterior superior iliac spine)
• Malakoplakia
• multiple myeloma this is called the M protein (usually IgG or IgA)
• MGUS
• hypothyroidism
• rabies
• Alzheimer’s
• Alzheimer’s
• Myxedema
• Anthrax Toxin
• Coarctation of Aorta
• CHF
• pancreatic CA (head)
• rheumatoid arthritis
• mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma)
• CML
• ALL
• Pick’s Disease
• Emphysema Centroacinar – smoking Panacinar - α1-antitrypsin
deficiency
• gout (MP joint of hallux)
• Hemangioma
Hemangioma
Posterior Anterior Drawer • tearing of the ACL
Sign
Psammoma Bodies • Papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid
Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary
•
Meningioma
•
Mesothelioma
•
Pseudohypertrophy • Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Punched-Out Bone Lesions • multiple myeloma
Rash on Palms & Soles • 2° Syphilis
• RMSF
Red Morning Urine • paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Reed-Sternberg Cells • Hodgkin’s Disease
Reid Index Increased • chronic bronchitis
Reinke Crystals • Leydig cell tumor
Rouleaux Formation • multiple myeloma RBC’s stacked as poker chips
S3 Heart Sound • L→R Shunt (VSD, PDA)
• Mitral Regurg
• LV Failure
S4 Heart Sound • Pulmonary Stenosis
• Pulmonary HTN
Schwartzman Reaction • Neisseria meningitidis impressive rash with bugs
Simian Crease • Down’s
Smith Antigen • SLE (also anti-dsDNA)
Soap Bubble on X-Ray • giant cell tumor of bone
Spike & Dome Glomeruli • membranous glomerulonephritis
String Sign on X-ray • Crohn’s bowel wall thickening
Target Cells • Thalassemia
Tendinous Xanthomas • Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Thyroidization of Kidney • chronic pyelonephritis
Tophi • gout
Tram-Track Glomeruli • membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Trousseau’s Sign • visceral ca, classically pancreatic (migratory thrombophlebitis)
• hypocalcemia (carpal spasm)

These are two entirely different disease processes and different signs,
but they unfortunately have the same name.
Virchow’s Node • supraclavicular node enlargement by metastatic carcinoma of the
stomach
Warthin-Finkeldey Giant • Measles
Cells
WBC Casts • pyelonephritis
Wire Loop Glomeruli • lupus nephropathy, type IV
AFP in amniotic fluid or • Spina Bifida
mother’s serum • Anencephaly
Uric Acid • Gout
• Lesch Nyhan
• Myeloproliferative Disorders
• Diuretics (Loop & Thiazides)
↓ FEV1/FVC • COPD