64 MatheMatics tODaY | december 11

Page 64
math Archives, as the title itself suggests, is a collection of various challenging problems related to the topics of IIT-Jee Syllabus.
This section is basically aimed at providing an extra insight and knowledge to the candidates preparing for IIT-Jee. In every issue of
mT, challenging problems are offered with detailed solution. The readers' comments and suggestions regarding the problems and
solutions offered are always welcome.
1. Let
d
dx
f x
e
x
x
x
( ( )) , .
sin
> 0
If
2
1
2
1
4
e
x
dx f k f
x sin
( ) ( ) ,
then one of the possible
value of k is
(a) 4 (b) 0 (c) 2 (d) 16
2. x x x dx +
( )

3
1 1
sin (ln ) cos (ln ) , is equal to
(a)

3
3
3 2
( )
/
x c + (b) 0
(c) does not exist (d) none of these
3.
dx
x x ( )

1 1
2
equals
(a)

+
+
x
x
c
1
1
(b)
x
x
c

+
+
1
1

(c)
x
x
c
+

+
1
1
(d)
+

+
x
x
c
1
1
4. The degree of the differential equation of the
family of lines given by y cx c + is
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 4 (d) Notdefned
5. The order of the differential equation of the family
of rectangular hyperbolas having fixed centre, is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
6. Let f be a differentiable function such that
f x x e f x t dt
t
x
( ) ( ) , +

2
0
then prove that
f x
x
x ( ) +
3
2
3

7. If f : R {0} R is a differentiable function such
that
By : Prof.ShyamBhushan, Director, Narayana IIT Academy, Jamshedpur. Mob. : 09334870021
f t dt y f t dt x f t dt x y R f
xy x y
( ) ( ) ( ) , , { }, ( ) ,
1 1 1
0 1 1

+
thenfndf(x).
8. Integrate
I
d

+ +

(sin cos )
(cos sin ) sin cos sin cos


2 2
.
9. If f is successively differentiable function, then
prove that
f x f xf x f x f ( ) ( ) ( )
!
( )
!
( ) + + + 0 0
1
2
0
1
3
0
2 3
+

1
3
3
0
!
( )( ) f t x t dt
x
10. Prove that in the ellipse
x
a
y
b
2
2
2
2
1 + ,
the distance
between the centre and any normal does not exceed
|a b|. Find a point on the ellipse normal at which is
at a distance of |a b| from centre.
SolutionS
1. (d) : Given
d
dx
f x
e
x
x
x
( ( )) ,
sin
> 0
Now
I
e
x
dx
x

2
2
1
4 sin

Put, z = x
2
dz = 2xdx
I
xe
x
dx
e
z
dz
x z


2
2
2
1
16
1
4 sin sin

,

]
]
f z f f ( ) ( ) ( )
1
16
16 1 f(k) = f(16)
\ one possible value of k is 16.
2. (c) : For x > e, ln x > 1
sin
1
(ln x) + cos
1
(ln x) is not defined.
Hence the given integral does not exist.
th
rchives
M
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Prof. Shyam Bhushan*
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MatheMatics tODaY | december 11 65
Page 65
3. (d) : Let I
dx
x
x
x

j
(
,
\
,
(

( )
,
/
1
1
1
2
1 2

Let u
x
x
du
x
dx
+

j
(
,
\
,
(
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
\
I
du
u
u c
x
x
c +
+

1
2
1
1


4. (b) :
dy
dx
c y x
dy
dx
dy
dx
dy
dx
y x
dy
dx
+
j
(
,
\
,
(
2

degree is 2.
5. (b) : We need one parameter to fix the direction
of the axes and one parameter for fixing the length of
transverse axis of the hyperbola (note that eccentricity
is
2
). Hence required order is 2.
6. Given f x x e f x t dt
t
x
( ) ( ) +

2
0
f x dx f a b x dx
a
b
b
a
( ) ( )

+
j
(
,
\
,
(

+

f x x e f t dt
x t
x
( ) ( )
( ) 2
0

+

f x x e e f t dt
x t
x
( ) ( )
2
0
(1)
Differentiating (1) w.r.t. x, we get
+
,

]
]
+

f x x e e f x e e f t dt
x x x t
x
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1 0 1
0

+

f x x f x e e f t dt
x t
x
( ) ( ) ( ) 2
0
(2)
Adding (1) and (2), we get
f (x) + f(x) = x
2
+ 2x + f(x) \ f (x) = x
2
+ 2x (3)
Integrating we get
f x
x
x C ( ) + +
3
2
3

+ + f x
x
x C ( )
3
2
3
(4)
Now, putting x = 0 in (1), we get f(0) = 0
Then put x = 0 in (4), f(0) = C = 0 C = 0.
+ f x
x
x ( )
3
2
3
7. Differentiating partially with respect to y, we get
f xy x f t dt xf y
x
( ). ( ) ( ) +

1
Putting y = 1, we get
x f x f t dt xf f t dt x f
x x
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) , ( ) . + +

1 1 1
1 1
as
Differentiating with respect to x, we get
f(x) + xf (x) = f(x) + 1
+ f x
x
f x x C ( ) ( ) ln| |
1
Now f(1) = 1 C = 1 f(x) = 1 + ln|x|.
8. On multiplying the numerator and denominator
by (sinq + cosq), we get
I
d

+
+ +

(sin cos )(sin cos )

(cos sin ) sin cos sin cos


2 2 2

+ +

(cos sin )
( sin )
sin sin
2 2
2
1 2
2
2
2
4

+ +

cos
( sin ) sin sin
2
1 2
1
2
2
1
4
2
2


d
Put 1 + sin2q = x 2cos2q dq = dx

dx
x
x x
2
1
2
1
4
2
.
( ) ( )

+ +

dx
x x x x
dx
x x 2 1 2 1 1
2 2
( ) ( )
= cosec
1
x + c
= cosec
1
(1 + sin2q) + c
9.
,

]
]

f t x t dt x t f t
x
x
( )( ) ( ) ( )
3
0
3
0
+

3
2
0
( ) ( ) x t f t dt
x
+ +
,

,
,
]
]
]
]

x f x t f t x t f t dt
x
x
3 2
0
0
0 3 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
+ +

x f x f x t f t dt
x
3 2
0
0 3 0 6 ( ) [ ( )] ( ) ( )
+ +
,

,
,
]
]
]
]

x f x f x t f t f t dt
x
x
3 2
0
0
0 3 0 6 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
+ +

x f x f xf f t dt
x
3 2
0
0 3 0 6 0 6 ( ) ( ) [ ( )] ( )
+ ,

]
]
x f x f xf f t
x
3 2
0
0 3 0 6 0 6 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

f t x t dt x f
x
( )( ) ( )
3
0
3
0
+ ,

]
]
3 0 6 0 6 0
2
x f xf f x f ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
66 MatheMatics tODaY | december 11
Page 66
+
,

,
,

f x f f t x t dt x f
x
( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) 0
1
6
0
3 3
0
+ +
]
]
3 0 6 0
2
x f xf ( ) ( )
+ + f x f xf x f ( ) ( ) ( )
!
( ) 0 0
1
2
0
2
+ +

1
3
0
1
3
3 3
0
!
( )
!
( )( ) x f f t x t dt
x

10. P(a cosq, b sinq) represents any point on the given
ellipse, and the slope of the tangent at this point is given
by
2 2
0
2 2
2
2
x
a
y
b
dy
dx
dy
dx
b x
a y
b
a
P +
j
(
,
\
,
(

cot
.

at
Therefore, the slope of the normal at the point P is
(a tanq)/b, so that the equation of the normal is
y b
a
b
x a sin
tan
( cos )

j
(
,
\
,
(
+ + +
j
(
,
\
,
(

a
b
x y b
a
b
tan
sin
sin

2
0
(1)
The distance from (0, 0) to the line (1) is
D
b
a
b
a
b
b a
b a

+
sin
sin
tan
( )sin
tan

2
2 2
2
2
2 2
2 2 2
1

+
b a
b a
2 2
2 2 2 2
cosec sec
For fixed a and b, D is maximum when S = b
2
cosec
2
q
+ a
2
sec
2
q is minimum. This happens when
dS
d
b a

+ 2 2
2 2
cosec (cosec cot ) sec (sec tan )

+

2 2 2
2
3
2
3
2 4 2 4
3 3
b a b a cos
sin
sin
cos
( cos sin )
sin cos

00
i.e., when tan
2
q = b/a. Differentiating S again, we get
d S
d
b b a a
2
2
2
3
2
4
2
3
2 2
2 6 2 6

+ + +
2
sin
sin
cos
sin
cos
cos
sin
cos
44

+ + + >
2 6 2 6
0
2
2
2 2
4
2
2
2 2
4
b b a a
sin
cos
sin cos
sin
cos
,

Therefore tan
2
q = b/a corresponds to the minimum of
S given by
S b a
b
a
min
tan
( cot ) ( tan ) + + +

2 2 2 2
1 1
2

+
j
(
,
\
,
(
+ +
j
(
,
\
,
(
+ b
a
b
a
b
a
a b
2 2 2
1 1 ( )

Hence the maximum value of the required distance is
D
b a
a b
b a
max
| |

+

2 2
proving that D |b a|.
Equality occurs when tan
2

b
a
one such


tan
1
b
a
.

+

+
sin ,cos
b
a b
a
a b

+ +
j
(
,
\
,
(
P a
a
a b
b
b
a b
,
nn