Client: Project No: Project Title: Document: Sheet Ref: Revision: Last Updated: Revision detail:

XXX XXX XXX

Problem Description:

Colour Key Manual Input Results Do not use Assumptions and important notes Sources and titles Important values and calculations

03/01/2011

Reference Method Used:

Main Data Input

Physical Properties Liquid Liquid in the tank Density, Specific Heat,Cp Viscosity, Thermal conductivity,k Co-efficient of volumetric expansion, Molecular Mass of liquid,M Melting Point, oC Assumed fouling coefficient, hF Wet wall Thermal Conductivities/thickness Metal walls (Carbon Steel, max 0.5% Carbon),k M Metal wall thickness Air Units Air density at related temperature and pressure Room Pressure Mol. Wt of air Gas const Vapour/air Temp Air Density, PM/RT P M R t T air = 101.325 29 8.31 -10 263.15 1.34 kPa kg/kmol kJ/kmol K C K kg/m3

Etylenediamine (EDA) 897 2.8 2847 1.8 0.0018 0.257 0.000108 60.1 11.14 Units
2 5000 W/m K

1.34 kg/m 1.005 kJ/kg K 1005 J/kg K cP or m.Pa.s 0.0000198 kg/m.s 0.0257 W/m.K 0.00343 1/K kg/kmol o C -

Thermal Conductivity Etylenediamine of (EDA) k = 3.56 x 10 -5 x Cp ( 4/M)1/3 ------------> from Coulson & Richardson. Vol 6, Page 321 Thermal Conductivity k= 0.224 W/m.K

Source:

Chemical Engineering Design by Coulson and Richardson, Volume 6, Page 640

Units 45 W/m K 3.68 mm 0.00368 m 0.038 W/m K 25 mm 0.025 m Units 0.9

2 9.81 m/s

Source:

Engg Toolbox : Thermal Conductivity of some common Materials

Insulation (Armaflex), k I Insulation thickness

Source:

Engg Toolbox : Thermal Conductivity of some common Materials

Surface Emissivity Wall, Gravitational constant, g

Assumed - less than 1

Pipe dimensions Di,p Inside pipe diameter Do,p Outsidepipe diameter Dm,p Mean pipe diameter Outisde diameter insulation Do,i Dlm,i Log mean diameter insulation e, absolute roughness Temperature Liquid in pipe, TL Outside air, TA 0.041 0.048 0.045 0.098 0.070 0.00005

Units m m m m m m Units
o 21 C o -10 C

Engg Toolbox: Surface roughness several materials

Temperature just after loading

Summary velocity

Units 1.00 m/s

Summary of temperatures used in calcs

Units
Iteration:

wind factor ambient Heat loss/unit length

6.2 -10 C 9.8 W/m

Liquid in pipe, TL Outside air, TA First Guess After iteration First Guess After iteration Tw=(TL + TA )/ 2 Tw Tws=(TL + TA )/ 2 Tws

294.2 K 263.2 K 278.7 K 293.7 K 278.7 K 265.0 K

Put the right values manually into respective yellow cells untill difference between the two values approache zero

293.5

Tw=TL-(Utot/hi)(TL-TA)

265.6

Tws=(Utot/(hRo + h*wo))(TL-TA)+TA

Summary of flow conditions in pipe

Units

Velocity Reynolds Number NRe = ( x v x Di) / A B C f

1.0 m/s 20401.76667 6.07406 5.93527 5.94915 0.02827 Colebrook equation for friction factor A=-2.0*LOG[(e/(D*3.7))+(12/Re)] B=-2.0*LOG[(e/(D*3.7))+(2.51*A/Re)] C=-2.0*LOG[(e/(D*3.7))+(2.51*B/Re)] f=[A-(B-A)^2/(C-2B+A)]^-2

Calculation
Calculation of Grashof Number (NGR) 3 2 2 Grashof Number, NGr = L x x g x x T / NGr for the liquid phase ( 2 x g x x /2 ) ( 2 x g x x /2 ) L3 x T 2.63E+08 3 2.63E+08 x L x T

NGr for outside air ( 2 x g x x /2 ) ( 2 x g x x /2 ) L3 x T Calculation of Prandtl Number (NPr) Prandtl Number,NPr = Cp x /k NPr for the liquid phase NPr for outside air Calculation of Rayleigh Number (NRa) Rayleigh Number,NRa = NGr x NPr 19.95 0.77 1.55E+08 3 1.55E+08 x L x T

Coefficient of liquid at pipe wall at no flow conditions, hwi

Coefficient of liquid at pipe wall at flowing conditions, hwi

L=Di T = TL Twl

0.04 m 0.45 K

NGr NGr NRa,l

3 2.63E+08 x L x T

L=Di NPr NRe f

0.04 m 19.95 20402 0.02827

8.12E+03 1.62E+05

For horizontal cylinders, Nusselt Number, NNu

12 NNu ={0.60 + (0.387 x (NRa)1/6)/[1+(0.559/NPr)9/16]8/27}2 Ra 10

For horizontal cylinders, Nusselt Number, NNu NNu =(f/8)(NRe-1000)(NPr)/[1+12,7(f/8)1/2(NPr2/3-1)] NNu o.k 235.87 Where NPr 2000 Where NRe 5e6 Where NRe 3000 o.k o.k o.k Reference: Incropera Page 515

NNu Where Ra 1012

11.24

Coefficient of liquid at wall, h i = NNu x k / Di Coefficient of liquid at wall, h i 70.55 W/m2 K

Nusselt Equation (Perry 5-13)

Coefficient of liquid at wall, hi = NNu x k / Di Coefficient of liquid at wall, hi 1480.08 W/m2 K

Nusselt Equation (Perry 5-13)

Outside coefficient of air at pipe wall/insulation, h'wo

L=Do,i T = Tws- TA NGr NGr Nra,A

0.10 m 1.85 K
3 1.55E+08 x L x T

2.72E+05 2.11E+05

For horizontal cylinders, Nusselt Number, NNu

12 NNu ={0.60 + (0.387 x (NRa)1/6)/[1+(0.559/NPr)9/16]8/27}2 Ra 10

NNu Where Ra 1012 Coefficient of outside air at wall,h AwV,cyl = NNu x k /Do Coefficient of outside air at wall,h AwV,cyl 2.50

9.58 o.k Nusselt Equation (Perry 5-13) W/m2 K

Conduction coefficient for metal wall and insulation, hM and hI

hM = kM /tM hI = kI /tI hM hI 12228.26 1.52 W/m2 K W/m2 K ------------- Equation 21 ------------- Equation 22 ------------- USING Equation 21 ------------- USING Equation 22

Radiation coefficient for pipewall to air (hRO)

hR = 0.1713 [((Tws + 460)/100) - ((TA + 460)/100) ]/( Tws - TA)

------------- Equation 24

hR,A

2.341

W/m2 K

------------- USING Equation 24

Coefficient ( W/m2 K) Coefficient of liquid at pipe wall at no flow (free convection), hwi Coefficient of liquid at pipe wall at flow (forced convection), hwi,f Outside coefficient of air at pipe wall, h' wo Coefficient of outside air at cylindrical wall considering wind enhancement factor for the assumed wind velocity,

Summary

70.55 1480.08 2.50 Do NOT use this value Obtained by multiplying above value by wind enhancement factor 6.2

h*wo
Conduction coefficient for metal wall hM Conduction coefficient for insulation hI Fouling coefficient, h Fi Radiation coefficient pipewall (hRO) Overall coefficient,Utot

15.53 12228.26087 1.52 5000 2.341 1.40

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient per unit length, Utot,l

Overall coefficient, Utot,l per unit length at wind velocity of

m/hr

1/Utot,l = 1/(hwi x Di) + tm/(km x Dm,p) + ti/(ki x Dlm,i) + 1/( (h*wo + hrd ) x Do,i) + 1/(hfi x Di) 1/Utot,l Total heat loss per unit length Q/L= (TL-TA)/Utot,l Q/L 9.8 W/m 3.16 m K/W

Reference: Incropera Page 515

No Flow

Flow

Ambient temperature Windforce [C] [-] 5 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 -10 -10 -10 -10 0 3 5 6 0 3 5 6 0 3 5 6

Q [W/m] 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 8.5 9 9.2 9.5 4.5 4.9 5.1 5.1 6 6.5 6.6 6.7 8.9 9.6 9.8 9.9

Heat input

Heatbalance EDA feedline

[W/m] 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
12

Flow conditions

10

heatloss/input [kW]

0 -15 -10 -5 0 Ambient temperature [C]

Heatbalance EDA feedline

Flow conditions

Heat loss @ quiescent air Heat loss @ Beaufort 3 Heat loss @ Beaufort 5
Heat loss @ Beaufort 6

Maximum heat input

0 Ambient temperature [C]

10