Meter Test Equipment AG

Application Note
Datum Version Autor

Postfach 4544 CH-6304 Zug / Schweiz

Domizil:

Februar 28, 2008

Edition 2008-03 Urs Ziegler

Dammstrasse 16 CH-6300 Zug / Schweiz Telefon +41-41-724 24 48 Fax +41-41-724 24 25

Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT

Scope The calculation in CALSOFT is base on a draft of AK 461.1.0.20 Projekt Prfmittelnormen. Calculation The total error of the electricity meter installation is calculated put of the error of a single load point measurement plus a calculated additional error of the connected current and voltage transformers. The formula is:

FMtot [%] = FZgem [% ] + FZuwantot [% ]

FMtot FZgem Total error of the installation at a specified load point Error of the meter measured at a specified load point

FZuwantot Calculated additional error of the connected current and voltage transformers at a specified load point The following results are needed for the calculation of the error: LPZgem Load point of meter error measurement IL1gem IL2gem IL3gem Test current in phase L1 of meter error measurement Test current in phase L2 of meter error measurement Test current in phase L3 of meter error measurement

UL1gem Test voltage in phase L1 of meter error measurement UL2gem Test voltage in phase L2 of meter error measurement UL3gem Test voltage in phase L3 of meter error measurement L1gem Phase angle between U and I in phase L1 of meter error measurement L2gem Phase angle between U and I in phase L2 of meter error measurement L3gem Phase angle between U and I in phase L3 of meter error measurement

Seite 2 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT The additional error of the current and voltage transformer has to be taken for the same load point as the meter error measurement result is taken from. Therefore the measurement results of the calibration are used. The secondary values of a current or voltage transformers related to the primary values are shown as follows:

IW = FIW =

Phase displacement error between primary and secondary current Amplitude error between primary and secondary current

FIW =

I sek Iprim Iprim

100%

Isek = Iprim x KIWL Isek = Secondary current of transformer Iprim = Primary current of transformer KIWL = calculated correction factor for amplitude error

The secondary value is the result of the primary value and the influence of the losses and is shown as amplitude and phase displacement error. Measurement results of current transformers at load points of calibration:
Phase L1 Amplitude Phase angle error in % displacement error in min FIL1 Imax SN FIL1 100IN SN FIL1 20IN SN FIL1 Imin SN FIL1 100IN 1/4SN IL1 Imax SN IL1 100IN SN IL1 20IN SN IL1 Imin SN IL1 100IN 1/4SN Phase L2 Amplitude Phase angle error in % displacement error in min FIL2betr Imax SN FIL2betr 100IN SN FIL2betr 20IN SN FIL2betr Imin SN FIL2 100IN 1/4SN IL2 Imax SN IL2 100IN SN IL2 20IN SN IL2 Imin SN IL2 100IN 1/4SN Phase L3 Amplitude Phase angle Load point Burden error in % displacement error in min 100% FIL3 Imax SN IL3 Imax SN Imax SN 100% FIL3 100IN SN IL3 100IN SN 100% IN SN 100% FIL3 20IN SN IL3 20IN SN 20% IN SN 100% FIL3 Imin SN IL3 Imin SN Imin SN 25% FIL3 100IN 1/4SN IL3 100IN 1/4SN 100% IN SN

Seite 3 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT Measurement results of voltage transformers at load points of calibration: Phase L1
Amplitude error in % FUL1 120UN SN FUL1 100UN SN FUL1 80UN SN FUL1100UN 1/4SN Phase angle displacement error in min UL1 120UN SN UL1 100UN SN UL1 80UN SN

Phase L2
Amplitude error in % FUL2 120UN SN FUL2 100UN SN FUL2 80UN SN Phase angle displacement error in min UL2 120UN SN UL2 100UN SN UL2 80UN SN

Phase L3
Amplitude error in % FUL3 120UN SN FUL3 100UN SN FUL3 80UN SN Phase angle Load point Burden displacement error in min 100% UL3 120UN SN 120% UN SN 100% UL3 100UN SN 100% UN SN 100% UL3 80UN SN 80% UN SN 25% UL3 100UN 1/4SN 100% UN SN

UL1 100UN 1/4SN FUL2 100UN 1/4SN

UL2 100UN 1/4SN FUL3 100UN 1/4SN

Assuming that amplitude and phase displacement errors are linear between load points and that also amplitude and phase displacement errors of burden are linear, the errors for each current and voltage transformer can be calculated at the load point of the meter error measurement.

The example for a current transformer above is showing: The linearised amplitude error curve at nominal burden SN between IN and 20%IN. The amplitude error at IN and 20%IN are measured during the calibration. The amplitude error curve at 25% nominal burden SN between IN and 20%IN. The amplitude error at IN is measured during the calibration. The calculated amplitude error curve at an operation burden 0.55 SN of the current transformer between IN and 20%IN. The burden Sn is measured during testing the meter installation. The calculation of the amplitude error or a current transformer at the operating burden of 0.55 SN at the load point 45% IN.

Seite 4 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT For the calculation of the total error for one load point, when measuring on the secondary side, for each current and voltage transformer in an electricity meter installation the amplitude and phase displacement error have to be taken into consideration. Therefore for the load point where the error has been measured on the secondary side the correction factors have to be calculated as follows: KIwL1LP KIwL2LP KIwL3LP IwL1LP IwL2LP IwL3LP Calculated correction factor for amplitude error of a current transformer in L1 at a certain load point Calculated correction factor for amplitude error of a current transformer in L2 at a certain load point Calculated correction factor for amplitude error of a current transformer in L1 at a certain load point Calculated phase displacement error of a current transformer in L1 at a certain load point Calculated phase displacement error of a current transformer in L2 at a certain load point Calculated phase displacement error of a current transformer in L3 at a certain load point Calculated correction factor for amplitude error of a voltage transformer in L1 at a certain load point Calculated correction factor for amplitude error of a voltage transformer in L2 at a certain load point Calculated correction factor for amplitude error of a voltage transformer in L3 at a certain load point Calculated phase displacement error of a voltage transformer in L1 at a certain load point Calculated phase displacement error of a voltage transformer in L2 at a certain load point Calculated phase displacement error of a voltage transformer in L3 at a certain load point

KUwL1LP KUwL2LP KUwL3LP UwL1LP UwL2LP UwL3LP

The correction factor has to be calculated for each phase for the current and/or voltage transformer. The total correction factor is made up of the single correction factors for the current and voltage dependency and the burden load curve.

K nwLxLP = K nwLxLPkurve + K nwLxLPBuerde + 1

n and x means: n= voltage (U) or current (I) transformer x = Phase For the current and voltage dependency the amplitude error for the next higher and lower load point has to be used according to the tables above at measurement point LPgem .

Seite 5 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT The correction factor for the amplitude error is calculated according to the following formula:
FnLxgrSN [% ] FnLxklSN [% ] K nwLxLPkurve = LPXgr LPXkl

(LP

gem

LPXkl + FnLxklSN [% ]

100

Where as:
FnLxgrSN [%] Amplitude error in % measured at calibration of the transformer at nominal

burden (highest burden) and next higher load point ( LPXgr ) > LPgem
FnLxklSN [% ] Amplitude error in % measured at calibration of the transformer at nominal

burden (highest burden) and next lower load point ( LPXkl ) < LPgem , Example: The correction factor for the amplitude error of current phase L1 related to the load curve shall be calculated. The meter error measurement happened at 45%. The amplitude errors for 20% und 100% IN in Phase L1 are
- FIL1 100IN SN = -0,6% - FIL1 20IN SN = -0,2%

:
0,6 ( 0,2 ) (45 20 ) + ( 0,2) = 100 20 100

K IwL 1Pkurve

K IwL 1Pkurve = -0,00325

Seite 6 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT For the calculation of the correction factor for the amplitude error based on the burden dependency the amplitude error for the next higher (usually 100%SN) and the next lower (usually 25% SN) burden load point according to the Tables above where the operating burden Sn is have to be used. The correction factor for the amplitude error of the burden dependency has to be related to the next higher burden load point (usually 100%SN). The calculation is:

K nwLxLPBuerde

FnLxSN [%] FnLxkSNkl [% ] (S n S Nkl ) + FnLxkSNkl [%] FnLxSN [%] S N S Nkl =

100

Where as: - FnLxSN [% ] Amplitude error in % measured at calibration of the transformer at next higher burden (usually nominal burden SN) and the same current load point (usually 100% IN) at which the amplitude error for the next lower burden has been measured - FnLxklSNkl [% ] Amplitude error in % measured at calibration of the transformer at next lower burden (usually 25% SN) and the same current load point (usually 100% IN) at which the amplitude error for the next lower burden has been measured - Sn Measured operating burden of the electricity meter installation

Seite 7 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT Example: The correction factor for the amplitude error of current phase L1 related to the operating burden shall be calculated. The meter error measurement happened at an operating burden of 55%. The amplitude errors for 25% and 100% SN in Phase L1 at are: - FIL1 100IN SN = -0,6% - FIL1 100IN 1/4SN = -0,1%

K IwL1LPBuerde

0,6 ( 0,1) (55 25 ) + ( 0,1) ( 0,6 ) 100 25 =

100

K IwL 1LPBuerde

= 0,003

According to the formula

K IwL1LP = K IwL1LPkurve + K IwL1LPBuerde + 1

the correction factor of amlpitude error for current transformer phase L1 is:

K IwL1LP = 0,00325 + 0,003 + 1

K IwL1LP = 0,99975

Seite 8 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT The phase displacement error per phase for current and/or voltage transformer when measuring on the secondary side of the meter installation, the calculation is based on the calibration results of the transformers. The phase displacement error is calculated out of the linearised curves for single phase displacement errors for current and voltage dependency and the burden load curve. The formula is:
nwLxLP = nwLxLPkurve + nwLxLPBuerde

At the example for the current transformer the phase displacement error calculation for the current dependency has to be calculcated for the next higher and next lower load point according to the tables above where the actual mesurement point LPgem is located. The phase displacement error of the transformer related to the measurement point is calculated according to the following formula:

nwLxLPkurve =

nLxgrSN nLxklSN
LPXgr LPXkl

(LP

gem

LPXkl + nLxklSN

Where as:
- nLxgrSN [% ]

phase displacement error in % measured at calibration of the transformer y nominal burden (highest burden)and next higher load point ( LPXgr ) > LPgem

- nLxklSN [% ]

phase displacement error in % measured at calibration of the transformer y nominal burden (highest burden)and next lower load point ( LPXkl )< LPgem

Example: The phase displacement error for current phase L1 related to the load curve shall be calculated. The measurement of the meter error happened at 45% load point. With the pahase displacement errors for 20% and 100% IN in phase L1 -
-
IL1 100IN SN

= -0,5'

IL1 20IN SN

= -1,5'

the result is:

IwL1LPkurve =
0,5' ( 1,5' ) 100 20

(45 20 ) + ( 1,5')

IwL1LPkurve = -1,1875'

For the burden dependency the phase displacement error has to be calculated for the next higher (usually nominal burden 100%SN) und next lower burden load point (usually 25% SN) according to the tables above where the operating burden of the transformer Sn is

Seite 9 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT The out of the burden dependency calculated phase displacement error has to be related to the nominal burden and can be calculated as follows:
nwLxLPBuerde = nLxSN nLxkSNkl
S N S Nkl

(Sn S Nkl ) + nLxkSNkl nLxSN

- nLxSN

Phase displacement error in minutes measured at calibration at next higher burden SN and at the same current load point (usually 100%) for which the next lower burden SNkl has been measured. Phase displacement error in minutes measured at calibration at next lower burden SNkl and at the same current load point for which the next higher burden SN has been measured. Measured operating burden of the electricity meter installation

- nLxklSNkl

- Sn

Seite 10 / 10 Februar 28, 2008 Edition 2008-03 / Calculation of Overall Installation Error in CALSOFT Example: The phase displacement error of current phase L1 shall be calculated related to the operation burden. The error measurement of the meter happened at an operating burden of 55%. With the phase displacement error at 25% and 100% SN in phase L1
- -
IL1 100IN SN

= -0,5' = 0,5'

IL1 100IN 1/4SN

the result is
IwL1LPBuerde =
0,5' (0,5' )

100 25

(55 25 ) + (0,5') ( 0,5')

IwL1LPBuerde = 0,6'

The phase displacement error of the current transformer in phase L1 is calculated with the formula:
IwL1LP = IwL1LPkurve + IwL1LPBuerde

The result for the example is:

IwL1LP = 1 ,1875 + 0,6'

IwL1LP = 0,5875'

With the calculated correction factors for amplitude and phase displacement errors for all phases at a certain load point the additional error of the total installation can be calculated with the following formulas:

FZuwantot [% ] = FZuwanL 1[% ] + FZuwanL 2[% ] + FZuwanL 3 [% ]

)
100%

F = ZuwanL1[%]

I U K K cos L1gem IwL1Lp + UwL1Lp IL1gem UL1gem cosL1gem L1gem L1gem IwL1Lp UwL1Lp I U cos +I U cos +I U cos L1gem L1gem L1gem L2gem L2gem L2gem L3gem L3gem L3gem I U K K cos L2gem IwL2Lp + UwL2Lp IL2gem UL2gem cosL2gem L2gem L2gem IwL2Lp UwL2Lp I U cos +I U cos +I U cos L1gem L1gem L1gem L2gem L2gem L2gem L3gem L3gem L3gem I U K K cos L3gem IwL3Lp + UwL3Lp IL3gem UL3gem cosL3gem L3gem L3gem IwL3Lp UwL3Lp I U cos +I U cos +I U cos L1gem L1gem L1gem L2gem L2gem L2gem L3gem L3gem L3gem

F = ZuwanL2[%]

100%

F = ZuwanL3[%]

100%