Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I. Environmental Workgroup
Occupational Health and Safety Plan for worker safety at site
Jim Miller handed out Comprehensive Health, Safety, Environmental Service Plan
Not using Bechtel plan
Respirators - most people on site are not wearing them, more accountability needed
Inventory of respirators are a problem
Lack of respirators and cartridges is largest problem
Jim Miller asked OEM to order 20,000 masks and 40,000 cartridges
Fit testing - DOH is trying to take over setting policy, but should be consistent with
OSHA regulations
3 testing sites, 15-20 people at each site but no respirators, no one checking on
inventory, need someone here to be responsive to inventory needs
Donations of respirators will only be accepted if they come from manufacturer
Locations of fit testing centers is moving
Around 50 persons are being used to staff centers
OSHA has on site safety monitors now, like spotters for cranes, etc.
FEMA employees are following their own policy, don't agree with ours
Showers offered
We thought Coast Guard was organizing this - ask Kelly
Decontamination stations - not clear where they are being set up
Air quality
2 pm Environmental sampling meeting
Hg monitoring was fine
Bulk dust samples, 1-3% asbestos
Perimeter all less than 1%
As demolition proceeds, more air quality issues
ConEd had one high PCM reading at .23, confirmed by TEM reading
No sampling plan yet by EPA for all environmental media
Except are doing personal air monitoring
EPA had released press release on 9/14 but we didn't get it until today
Lots of data being generated, Env Workgroup has database
No indication that we need to be doing anything for workers more than what we
are
Air quality for community - need a plan to get re-occupancy information to
people in community, such as a tenant meetings
So far all readings less than 0.01 fibers/cc in
Need to work with OEM in how best to talk to community
Likely that many people are re-occupying buildings without much guidance
Water
Water samples taken from ?where? are negative for asbestos
Pest control
Re-occupation of buildings
Nothing
Sanitation
Plan to remove garbage below Canal St.
VII. Operations/Facilities
See attachment that was emailed out today
VIII. MIS.
New W Nile temp hotline, bypass
888-799-8789
Finance at 2 Lafayette up and running
OTHER ISSUES
VIII. Public Relations
More calls today, mainly from outside press, clarification of decomposing bodies
NYT, CBS, CNN, AP about human remains
Trade periodicals, government call about BT
We are calling press to pay attention to our issues
Tomorrow an on site interview about worker safety issues
IX. Personnel/Staffing
Need policy for return to program/regular jobs
Prepared by THH
Status of DOH Building Reoccupancy and Relocation
Shelter 9/17 9/17 9/17 9/17 9/18 9/18 9/18 9/19 9/19 9/19 9/20 9/20 9/20 9/21
~1A 8A 3P IIP 8A 3P IIP 8A 3P IIP 8A 3P IIP 8A
# # # # ft # # # # # # clients # clients # # clients
clients clients clients clients clients clients clients clients
clients clients clients
Seward Park 5 2 0 4 0
HS
Washington 28 30 40 20 26
Irving HS
Fashion 44 39 55 52 45
Industry HS
Chelsea HS 6 14 3 8 8
Norma Thomas 19 22 22 21 24
HS
City School HS 4 6 2 2 7
JHS22 2 3 0 4 4
IS 131 12 14 17 11 7
Comprehensive 7 6 5 8 8
Day&Night HS
Bayard Rustin Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed
HS
Curtis HS, SI Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed
Westinghouse 49 8 0 1
HS, BK worker workers
Department of Health
World Trade Center Disaster
Emergency Operations Center
Current Issues/Agenda
9/18/01 - 1200 hours
SANDRA MULLIN
NEAL L. COHEN, M.D.
ASSOCIATE
COMMISSIONER
COMMISSIONER OF
PUBLIC EDUCATION AND
COMMUNITY AFFAIRS
FOLLOWING THE WORLD TRADE CENTER DISASTER, THE NEW YORK CITY
DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL HEALTH PROVIDES SERVICES TO THOSE IN NEED
New York City Mental Health and Health Commissioner Neal L. Cohen, M.D., today
outlined the City's plan for meeting New York City's mental health and substance abuse
treatment needs, in the wake of the disaster at the World Trade Center.
Dr. Cohen said, "Since the tragic event last Tuesday, Department of Mental Health
(DMH) staff and I have been consulting with Federal, State, and local agencies to
ensure that immediate public health safety and mental health and substance abuse
needs are met. Within 24 hours of the World Trade Center collapse, DMH informed the
media that its mental health counseling and referral information line - LIFENET - was
up and running in English, Spanish, and Asian languages. Our Crisis Intervention staff
immediately dispatched teams to assist efforts at the Mayor's Family Assistance
Center, and at the morgue, and DMH staff covered the City's command center around
the clock.
It is now time to turn to tackling the longer term impact of this tragedy. We must make
sure that our mental hygiene system is strong and attuned to the needs of those who
will be relying upon it both for assistance in recovery, and for our traditional continuum
of services," Dr. Cohen continued.
To provide for the City's long-term mental health needs in the wake of the World Trade
Center tragedy, DMH will be implementing the following measures:
DMH will continue to staff the Emergency Command Center at Pier 92 and the
Family Assistance Center at Pier 94 on the West Side of Manhattan to make
available information, services and support. We are planning to ask DMH staff
and others in our community of providers, family members, and consumers for
their assistance in preparing for what is likely to be a long-term commitment.
- - More - -
- - Page Two - -
As soon as possible, DMH will be organizing "rest and recover" sites at the
location of the recovery effort to provide ongoing mental health and other
support services. Additional sites throughout the City will also be used for this
purpose.
Special attention will be paid to the impact this event has had on children. The
Board of Education, Administration for Children's Services, State and Federal
partners, and coalitions of children's mental health services will play a key role
as we look to implement effective ways to help children cope and heal from this
traumatic experience.
With the United Way's assistance, a directory of crisis intervention, trauma, and
stress reduction services will be widely distributed.
LIFENET, the Department of Mental Health's Information and Referral line run by the
Mental Health Association, will continue to offer services 24 hours per day/7 days per
The LIFENET phone numbers are: (212) 995-5824 (for English speakers); (212) 533-
7007 (for Spanish speakers); and (212) 254-2731 (for Asian language speakers).
###
Mary Perrin - EPA press release ,..,„,,.,,,,.,, ....1................. " Page j"
Mary - Passing thfs along for you, Jessica, et al. Evidently EPA moving
on an independent track to interpret and advise on environmental data.
Note to Jess - 1 guess this should be on the agenda for the 2 pm call.
This is a plan for comprehensive occupational health and safety activities and environmental
health services'(e.g., water supply, food service, vector control).
Limited OSH and EH services are being provided at the site and not all workers are being
optimally served. These limited services will continue until more permanent services are in place.
Better control and coordination of these limited services is needed. Some of the existing services
are being provided on an ad-hoc basis (e.g., fit testing by NYCDOH) or by "volunteers", and
these services will need to be replaced by permanent services. Some existing OSH services are
adequate and can continue (e.g., fit-testing of fire fighters by NYFD).
Orders for personal protective equipment (PPE) are being placed by multiple organizations.
Ordering is not systematic and there is limited inventory control.
ACTIVITIES:
This service plan addresses 2 groups of services:
1. Water testing
2. Food service inspection
3. Air monitoring (off-site)
4. Toilets
5. Rodent control
6. Vector control
NEXT STEPS A
-^-^
Occupational safety and health:
1. List all organizations (current and projected, by date) working at the site, including
numbers of workers (current and projected, by date), their daily work schedule (e.g.,
three 8-hour shifts, two 12-hour shifts).
2. Each organization will identify a contact person that can assure his/her organization's
ongoing commitment to this plan.
3. Catalog in detail existing OSH services being provided (and which will continue to be
provided) to workers by their employers. (OSH service assessment form).
6. Develop an implementation plan for requested services, including transition from the
existing OSH services.
7. Until a comprehensive, permanent OSH service is in place, all PPE orders must go
through NYCDOH.
Environmental health
1. Develop a map showing the location of feeding sites, drinking water, and toilets.
3. Based on the number of workers at the site, determine EH services are adequate.
Environmental Health Safety Task List Attachment New York City Department of Health
HazCat
U Assess site configuration, homogeneity of debris pile,
potential hazards, etc NYC DEP HazMat
n Determine resource needs for site surveillance,
response, sample collection and analysis
n Resources available? NYC DEP HazMat
n Submit Request for Assistance
n Implement (get Hazard Characteristic personnel on the
ground)
ivironment
Industrial Hygiene
D PPE (respirators, filter cartridges, coveralls, gloves,
goggles, etc.) DOH, COSH, PESH, DOT
D Quartermaster to determine resource needs and
coordinate supply, delivery and distribution
At access points
n Establish respirator fit-testing locations
n Provide respirator fit-testing, maintenance and use
information
n Provide respirator wash stations
Worker Exposure
D Conduct worker hazard assessment DOH, DEP, ConEdison
D Implement ongoing worker exposure monitoring
program
D Establish procedure for communicating results and
decision making
Sanitation
Water
D Conduct damage assessment NYC DEP (?)
J Implement water monitoring program (if necessary) NYC DEP
D Establish procedure for communicating results and
decision making
9718/2001 page 1 of 2
Environmental Health Safety Task List Attachment New York City Department of Health
Food
U Establish full-service feeding stations at multiple
locations at ground zero perimeter
n Control food sources to the site —,
D Limit food distribution in and around ground zero
n Install hand washing facilities at all feeding stations DCAS
n Implement ongoing FSE inspection program DOH
n
Establish daily waste collection from feeding stations DOS
Pest
D Establish vigorous waste collection within and around
work site DOS
..., Bait ground zero perimeter to prevent rodent migration
into work site DOH
D Establish surveillance within work site and exterminate
as needed DOH
Vector
n Educate site personnel on standing water issues
D Establish surveillance within work site and larvicide as
needed DOH
Washdown
D Assess site configuration, access points, and personnel
and equipment flow rates DEC, USCG Strike Force
D Determine washdown station size, configuration and
location (coordinate with stakeholders)
D Determine resource needs
D Resources available?
D Submit Request for Assistance
D Implement (get washdown stations on the ground)
Personnel sanitation
r T~ Install portable toilet facilities at street corners
throughout restricted area DCAS
D Install handwashing facilities at all portable toilet
facilities DCAS
D Establish daily servicing of all toilet facilities DCAS
9/18/2001 page 2 of 2
7'r
Notice to Readers
Public Health Response to Terrorist Attacks — New York City and Washington, DC,
September 11, 2001
In response to two jet aircraft crashing into and causing the collapse of the
World Trade Center, and the subsequent, destruction of nearby portions of lower
Manhattan, the New York City Department of Health (NYCDOH) focused its resources
on the city's ability to handle the public health emergency, including an
expected influx of large numbers of patients and bodies; the safety of rescue
workers; secondary health events (e.g., smoke, dust, or chemical inhalation);
other illnesses related to the disruption of the physical infrastructure (e.g.,
waterborne disease); and mental health concerns.
Staff and 1) Facility update - Moving back to 125 Worth? Stu Mirsky
Operations 2) Nighttime call schedule needed Rich Naeder
3) Daytime coverage schedule needed
DOH 1) Any DOH complaints called in? Mark Foggin
Complaints
Line
Shelter Client Usage
Shelter 9/17 9/17 9/17 9/17 9/18 9/18 9/18 9/19 9/19 9/19 9/20 9/20 9/20 9/21
~1A 8A 3P IIP 8A 3P IIP 8A 3P IIP 8A 3P IIP 8A
# # # # # # # # # # # clients # clients # # clients
clients clients clients clients clients clients clients clients clients clients clients
Seward Park 5 2 0 4 0 ' !
HS
Washington 28 30 40 20 26 35"
Irving HS
Fashion 44 39 55 52 45 ' "S
Industry HS
Chelsea HS 6 14 3 8 8 13
Norma Thomas 19 22 22 21 24 k ,4
HS
City School HS 4 6 2 2 7 3
JHS22 2 3 0 4 4 M-
IS 131 12 14 17 11 7 13
Comprehensive 7 6 5 8 8 L\d
Day&NightHS
Bayard Rustin Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed
HS
Curtis HS, SI Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed Closed
Westinghouse 49 8 0 1 0>
HS, BK worker workers
NEW YORK CITY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
RESCUE TEAM INJURY/ILLNESS SURVEILLANCE
PLEASE COMPLETE THIS FORM FOR ANY PATIENT SEEN FOR ANY
INJURY SUSTAINED WHILE WORKING AT THE WORLD TRADE CENTER SITE NYCDOH
1. Triage person and medical provider fill out respective sections. ID#:
SPECIFIC UNIT:
FIRE MEDICAL POLICE MILITARY OTHER
QFDNY D EMS-FDNY DNYPD D Specify D Construction
D FireDept-Other D EMS-Other D Police-Other D Sanitation
D Medical Personnel (Non-EMS) D Utilities (phone/gas/cable/water/elec.
D Red Cross/Salvation Army
ACTIVITY AT TIME OF INJURY: n Other Agency (specify)
D Debris Removal D Climbing on Debris
D Cleaning/Sweeping D Other:
TO BE FILLED OUT BY MEDICAL PERSONNEL
Please check the ONE PREDOMINANT INJURY OR HXNESS from the following:
NEURO MUSCULOSKELETAL (Specify site below)
D Concussion D Sprain/Strain D Laceration D Crush
D Headache D Contusion D Abrasion D Fracture
SKIN Site: D head/neck n thorax/spine D upper ext D lower ext D multiple
D Skin irritation/rash
Q Blister PSYCH HEAT RELATED
DBurn D Psychological Stress D Heat Exhaustion
D Dehydration
CARDIO
n Chest pain RESPIRATORY E/N/T
D Cough D Eye irritation
GASTRO D SOB/Wheezing D Corneal abrasion
D Nausea/vomit/diarrhea Respirator worn? DYes DNo Eye protection worn? Q Yes D No
OTHER Asthma Exacerbation? DYes DNo
D Other
DISPOSITION
D Admitted O Transferred to D Treated and released OPied
D Other [RTISS.09.18vl.doc]
NEW YORK CITY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
ENHANCED EMERGENCY ROOM SURVEILLANCE
DATA ABSTRACTION FORM
fse only for patients seen with meningitis/encephalitis, botulism-like syndrome, unexplained death with fever, and
sepsis in persons > 2 years old and < 55 years old)
Hospital:
Medical record number:
Last name: First name: MI:
Date of visit: /
CLINICAL INFORMATION
" lental Status: ONormal OAbnormal ONot Noted (If abnormal, level of alertness:)
O Alert O Somnolent O Lethargic O Stupor O Coma O Other
Oriented to (check all that apply): O Person O Place O Time
LABORATORY TESTS
Chemistry
Arterial Blood Gas
Collection Date Na+ K+ cr HCO3 Glu BUN Cr PH pC02 p02 HCO3 O2Sat FiO2
Liver function
Collection ALT AST Tbili Dbili Aphos
Date (SGPT) (SGOT)
Coagulation
Collection PT PTT
Date
RADIOLOGICAL STUDIES
HOSPITAL COURSE
Was the patient hospitalized? Yes No Unknown
Was patient placed in/on: _ICU Ventilator
Is patient: Alive _Dead
Final diagnosis:
Are other family members or friends ill with the same syndrome? Yes __No Unknown
health officials estimate that 5 per- blood from Germany, the Nether-
„< By LAWRENCE K. ALTMAN, M.D. cent of them actually do so. And be- lands and Switzerland by 2005. That
cause many major cities are not self- effort became more urgent recently
When Americans learned of last sufficient in blood, collections are re- when the Food and Drug Administra-
^week's terror attacks, tens of thou- distributed around the country. tion issued rules that could soon ban
jsands —15,000 in New York City The New York Blood Center, which the use of blood collected from peo-
»alone — donated blood. , . provides about 80 percent of the- met- ple who spent-three months or more
1J& With few survivors, only 600 units ropolitan area's blood needs, imports in Britain f roni 1980 to 1996, or five
'jjwere needed for casualties, so the: ; about 30 percent of the 600,000 units r years or more in Europe since 1980.
*glew York Blood Center asked those • it uses each year. About a fourth of - The aim is tp prevent the theoretical
in line to return in the^weeks ahead. the'blood comes from Europe and 5 •': spread of the human form of mad
;jBut will they? Will they roll up their percent from elsewhere in the United :;; cow disease.'The fact that no blood
'sleeves when the need for blood is not States. V . could arrive from Europe last week
a national emergency, but merely a Critics have long said the problem underscored the fragility of depend-
lies not with the public, but with un- ing on foreign supplies.
matter of life and death? friendly employees and the inepti- Blood banks also need to match
Few people realize that blood is . tude of blood banks. Last week, few their stocks of donated blood with the]
perishable and cannot be stored in- donors complained about long lines :. types needed by their patients. Be-
definitely. Blood centers function at donation sites. Because the city cause the percentage of each blood
; more as pipelines than banks, and was essentially closed, the wait al- /type varies among ethnic and racial
.there is a steady need for donors. ., lowed people to release their anger - groups, blood banks must strive to
-?f Operators of the'nation's blood and to talk, even to strangers! , V - match the donor and patient pools in
%anks wondjetwhy they have fallen But many are not so patient ordi- ' meir areas;: ;:P^\,;;•,;:;:$^J;|:;':i
|so short in meeting demand during narily. Acknowledging such prob-, ... Manufactured substitutes for red
• formal times, and how they can capi- lems, Dr. Robert L. Jones, the chief - blood cellSj'Which are being tested in]
on toe altruistic spirit shown executive officer and president of the clinical trials^ have been hailed for j
eek._Margerpool of donors New York Blood Center, said that ; :their potentisj to relieve the blood -:?
helplhem provide blood, for improved management techniques . .shortage because theyfniay be^ able •
^ytp cancer patients, heart had helped his center collect 90,000 to be used to provide transfusions fo
ts heeding transfusions after more units a year since 1998, when he trauma patients and those undergo-'
ypass surgery and arthritis pa- came to the blood center,, .^ /'• ' ~irig certain kinds of surgery. But no
Hientsjiaving joint replacements Hoping, to become self-sufficient, substitute has been licensed in this
* Thevnumber of Amencans eligible the blood center in 1998 began pre- country, and even the best would; ^
*to donate blood is not known, but paring to end the importation of .. have limited use because theeffec-1
The New York Times, Tuesday, September 18, 2001
get on with our lives, which we know ic events of Sept 11 will bring back '
ByJANEE.BRODY will never be the same. memories of previous traumas that
"People should realize that re- may have been buried for years and
On Wednesday, reeling from the sponses of depression, grief, anxiety now must be relived, according to '
unfathomable tragedy of the previ- are to be expected and accepted," Dr. Rosenheck, who counsels veter-
' ous day, my husband baked bread, said Dr. Herbert Pardes, a psychia- ans as director of the Veterans Af-
cooked comfort food and invited two trist and the president of New York fairs Northeast Program Evaluation
.single friends to supper. Presbyterian Hospital. "Our securi- Center in New Haven.
J. We talked for hours about what ty has been penetrated and that is
Hjad happened, an event that has very threatening. A roster of con- Talking Helps
tshaken most Americans to the core, cerns will come up: will I be able to
• get on a plane or walk near a famous Don't let anyone tell you to try to
;and about what further tragedies
landmark?" forget about it, to stop looking at the
may unfold in the days ahead as the television, listening to the radio,
gfiill extent of the disaster becomes Whether it was a friend, relative,
colleague, total stranger or the sym- reading the papers and talking about
Known. Similar discussions have tak- bol of the twin towers that were the this disaster. Don't listen to people
en place during my morning walks World Trade Center, we have all lost who say that thinking about it simply
and bike rides, in the Y.M.C.A. locker someone or something. perpetuates the pain and insecurity.
room, grocery store and playground, Even for those not directly touched Psychiatrists and other counselors
in the office and on the street. by the loss of a loved one in the . say otherwise.
' "We all have a natural reflex to events of Sept. 11, "the fallout can go They have learned from the expe-
tiuddle, and things like this can be- on for months or years," said Dr, rience of Vietnam veterans that try-
come occasions for reunion and heal- Flemming Graae, director of child ing to suppress horrible memories
ing," said Dr. Robert A. Rosenheck, and adolescent psychiatry at New only makes them worse; they even-
a psychiatrist, affiliated with Yale. York Presbyterian Hospital in White tually come back to haunt you in
.Now, a week .later, conversation still Plains. "Everyone is affected to ways that are harder to recognize
comes back to these horrific acts of some degree, responding with hor- and treat. Rather, Dr. Rosenheck .
terrorism, acts that have under- ror, anxiety and empathy. Especially says, talking about the'nightmare of
_mined our basic assumption that in for children, these events can leave a Sept. 11 is helpful, cathartic and heal-
'•this country we are safe from war lasting imprint. They will reshape ing, f-t
-And external attacks, as Dr. Rosen- how we think about ourselves and the These events graphically tell us
lieck put it We are all trying to inte- world, our community and our Safe- "not only that the world is not safe
grate what has happened, to assuage ty-" but that basic things are missing,"
'the pain and anxiety and find ways to And for some people, the traumat- Dr. Rosenheck said. "The mind now
The New York Times, Tuesday, September 18, 2001
has to work hard to think about it and cord grapes from our yard and put Presbyterian in White Plains.
reconstruct the world with those them out on the sidewalk, inviting Adults should go to work, and chil-
pieces missing. People need to sit people to "sweeten the sorrow." The dren should go to school, play dates
with their families and friends in grapes were gone in a few hours, and and sports activities. At the same
front of the TV and talk and put the passers-by left notes of gratitude. time, however, he said families must
pieces together." It is also important to be a good lis- individually determine what is the
It is also healing to do something to tener to people who are suffering, right thing to do and when. Is this the
help those who have suffered the said the Rev. Frank Geer, an Episco- time to take a long trip? Will flying
most from this tragedy, and that in- pal priest who is director of religious cause undue anxiety? On the other
cludes rescue workers as well as the services at St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hos- hand, driving to the country, taking a
families and friends of those who pital and rector of St. Philip's Church hike in the woods, visiting the shore,
died. This kind of disaster makes . in Garrison, N.Y. Father Geer spent going biking or fishing with the chil-
people feel impotent, and finding two days listening to the stories of dren and similar activities can be
ways to help others can restore a rescue workers and medical person- very restorative.
sense of competence and control. nel who were at the scene and needed
The very day of the disaster, many to talk about what they had seen. Avoiding Overreaction
thousands of people lined up to give - "People need to tell their story
blood, so many that hospitals ran out over and over again, and every time Dr. Rosenheck warned against '
of equipment. The Community Book- they tell it, it brings further cathar- misplacing one's anger over this" '.
store in my Brooklyn neighborhood sis. So be a compassionate listener," event. He said: "Trauma can elicit
. began a drive for materials —from he pleaded. "Even my wife and great rage. When we lose part of our-
aspirin and alcohol to blankets and daughter wanted to hear what it was selves, there is a natural aggressive
tents — needed by the rescue work- like for me. Sharing the burden is reaction. In Vietnam the trigger for^
ers, the families of firefighters who healing." atrocities against innocent civilians
died and the people who have been President Bush, in his initial talk was not a hatred of the Vietnamese,
displaced from their homes. Scores to the nation, expressed his desire but the loss of comrades killed by an
offpeople responded. that the country show the perpetra- enemy that could not be seen and ^
Even little gestures can bring sol- tors that it cannot be brought down fought." -----'? ".,'..-",i,u :-~:<-f;:.•,.*"-
• -ace to the givers as well as the recipi- by terrorism. Psychological experts In the aftermath of the current
ents. One youngmother rode her bi- agree that it is important to resume tragedy, "there is the danger of reac-
cycle across the Brooklyn Bridge on normal life as soon as possible. tion in ways that will later be regret-
Wednesday to bring food Jo police of- "We should reinforce the aspects ted," he said. "There is a call for .;,
ficers on rescue duty My-husband of daily life that help us feel safe and vengeance, when what we need is to;
and I picked about 50 pounds of Con- secure," said Dr. Graae of New York be led to react responsibly."
4-
The New York Times, Tuesday, September 18, 2001
As thousands of workers
reamed back into Lower Manhat-
rt yesterday for the first time
ice the terrorist attacks, federal
ficials said they faced no signifi-
uit health risk.
Low levels of asbestos were de-
cted in some dust and debris close
the wreckage of the World Trade
;nter, the officials said, but there
as no evidence of danger, except
1 search crews moving the rubble.
•''We haven't found anything that
^alarming to us," said Mary
ears, a spokeswoman for the En-
ronmental Protection Agency.
As an extra precaution, officials
icommended that businesses in the
•ea clean the filters on air-condi-
>ners and use vacuum cleaners
luipped with filters for fine parti-
es — those labeled HEPA — to
raid scattering any hazardous
ist.
^Officials recommended similar
:e<""itions for apartment dwellers,
i\y should use vacuums
jth particle filters, mop floors and • Justin Lane for The -New
ie wet cloths to dust, and wash The workers vacuuming up dust in Lower Manhattan needed to wear protective masks and spec:
pthing soiled by the ash and dust
jparately from other laundry.
Over all, though, officials said, the ;Agency officials and independent "A dead body is not going to give For residents and people working
ily significant health risk re- experts tried to quell rumors about you a disease," said Dr. Paul Blake, nearby, the air appeared to present
lained near the destruction. Work- other hazards, including the possi- the state epidemiologist for Geor- little risk, officials of the Occupa-
is there should wear masks and bility that the fires might have gia. Dr. Blake, who was chief of the tional Safety and Health Adminis-
rotective gear and clean their turned freon from air-conditioners enteric diseases branch at the fed- tration said. The agency sent crews
toes before heading home, they into a poisonous gas called phos- eral Centers for Disease Control and around the financial district late
lid. gene. - Prevention, added, "You have a last week wearing small devices
Some officials expressed frustra- The chemical reaction that gen- multiplication of bacteria in decom- that sample air and found no signifi-
?n because many of the workers — erates phosgene is possible in ex- posing bodies, but they are the same cant signs of asbestos. Other tests
lost of them hard-bitten construc- tremely hot flames, but not in fires bacteria we all have within us, in
bn workers — were ignoring their like those still burning, agency offi- our bodies and on our skin." p. (.,
icommendations. cials said. Any gas generated by the To try to catch any surprises, the
•"In the early hours of a rescue,. initial inferno has dissipated, they Environmental Protection Agency
ie urgency ot these efforts leads said. deployed monitoring and testing
Kjple to forget their own health and When rescue crews prepare to equipment around Lower Manhat-
itety," said Dr. Meal L. CohenT enter buried pockets where survi- tan over the weekend, including a
ew York City's health commis? vors might be found, they generally mobile laboratory used during the
oner. The city will add more safety* test the air for organic compounds Persian Gulf war to check for gas
'ficials to its teams this week, he' like freon, which can be suffocating or biological attacks, officials said.
ud, to make sure tnat more because it is heavier than air and There were no signs that the at-
iarchers wear protective attire. can build up in pockets, officials tackers had dispersed any toxic
Tina Kreisher, a spokeswoman^ agents, officials said, and the lab-
ir the E.P.A., said that ample gear said. Suspect air samples are sent oratory was focused on identifying
as available at the attack site but to a mobile laboratory for analysis. conventional kinds of pollution.
lat because of the heat and stress, Dr. Cohen said that continual Many dust samples collected near
brkers commonly refused, it. monitoring of the crash site and the attack site last week contained 1
;"There are small pockets of as- rubble with Geiger counters had percent to 2 percent asbestos, agen-
y-~." Ms. Kreisher said. "The turned up no evidence of radiation, cy officials said/That concentration
1 a is there — not for the city, which might be emitted, for exam- is not high enough to create a short-
)t tor residents, but definitely for ple, from medical X-ray equipment term risk of lung disease, the offi-
lese workers." Many workers may destroyed in the attacks. cials said. Nonetheless, the agency
2 there for months, she said. Many officials and experts added sent 10 trucks into the area over the
^Federal officials said they would that the decomposing bodies of vic- weekend equipped with filtered vac-
;t up at the site equipment able to tims of the attacks posed no danger. uums that suck up contaminants
can 1,500 workers twic6 a day. without spreading them.
The New York Times, Tuesday, September 18, 2001
were done for air inside buildings in Mount Sinai School of Medicine, gen-
the financial district. erally agreed with the federal offi-
"Our tests show that it is safe for cials' views, adding that rescue
New Yorkers to go back to work," workers who did not wear protec-
said a statement from John L". Hen- tive gear ran the highest risk.
shaw, the assistant secretary of La- Dr. Landrigan, who has often
bor for occupational health. "Keep- worked to highlight health dangers
ing the streets clean and being care- in the environment, said the public
ful not to track dust into buildings faced little risk. "People who live in
will help protect workers from re- Lower Manhattan and who work
maining debris." there are certainly going to be ex-
Over the weekend the Environ- posed to dust," he said. The dust,
mental Protection Agency parked from pulverized building materials,
five air sampling systems near the could cause bronchitis or asthma
crash site and put another one on attacks in children or vulnerable
Canal Street to monitor any drift . adults, he said.
uptown. The systems will measure "But having said all that," he
asbestos, lead, PCB's and other added, "I don't think we are looking
harmful compounds • during the at a situation that is in any way life-
cleanup, agency officials said. Other threatening."
samples were being taken at estab- Some office workers were taking
lished pollution monitoring stations no chances. One woman rode the
in Lower Manhattan and Brooklyn. commuter train from Westchester
Dr. Philip J. Landrigan, the chair- County yesterday morning carry-
man of the department of communi- ing a personal air-filtering machine
ty and preventive medicine at the for her office in the city.
ATTACK ON AMERICA
8523 or (703) 428-0002 blood donations for the time Administration for survivor Aero Mexico
New York Post has set up its being. Call (800) GIVE-LIFE Disaster Relief Fund, P.O. Box
own Missing Persons list NAVY (877) 663-6772. and disability payments: 3756, Church Street Station, (800) 237 6639
AIR FORCE: (800) 433-0048. for current requirements. (800) 772-1213, www.ssa.gov www.aeromexico.com
After posting your New York, N.Y. 10008.
information on our Web site, DEPT. OF DEFENSE The Silver Shield Foundation: Air Jamaica T)
www.defenselink.mil/news/ If you still want to donate All flights back to normal O
volunteer staff will contact VOLUNTEERING (212) 499-0866 - collecting
releases/html blood, call America's Blood (800) 523 5585
you to verify the specifics. funds for the educational
Centers at (888) BLOOD-88 to needs of firefighters/police www.airjamaica.com
Gotonypost.com. get an update.
Or you can drop photos or Javits Center's Volunteer widows and children. Silver British Airways
FACILITIES FOR RESCUE Coordination Center, llth (800) Airways
c
fliers with a Post Shield Foundation, 420 o
WORKERS Avenue at 35th Street, does www.british-airways.com C/5
representative stationed just INSURANCE COVERAGE not need any more
Lexington Ave., Suite 2320,
outside our main entrance at New York, N.Y. 10170. Delta Airlines
1211 Sixth Ave. (between Free massages at the Soho volunteers today. Check status of flight at
Herbs & Acupuncture walk-in For victims of the WTC New York State Volunteer www.delta.com or by calling
47th and 48th Streets) from disaster, Insurance AIRLINE HOT LINES GO
10 am to 2:30 p.m. and we clinic, 10 a.m.-8 p.m., 580
companies have set up
Hotline: (800) 801-8092. (800) 325 1999 a>
1 will put them up on Broadway, Suite 607, (212)
219-2887. special 24-hour numbers. 1 To find out the current status Updates on AIR TRAVEL:
nypostcomforyou. of giving general assistance National Airlines
Crunch Fitness - use of wwwfly.faa.gov Updated flight information
facilities for rescue workers. State Department of to the American Red Cross, cr
via Other sources for missing call (800) HELP NOW. (888) 314-5387 or
One location, 404 Lafayette Insurance: Offices at 25 Passengers departing from all www.nationalairlines.com
persons:
St. between 4th St. and Astor Beaver St., are open. Hotline: U.S. airports should plan to United Airlines
Greater New York Hospital (800) 339-1759. Two outreach
Association (GNYHA) Place, will be open 24 'hours, DONATIONS arrive at the airport a Operating reduced schedule.
www.nyc.gov centers are in White Plains, minimum of two hours prior Check flight status on
at 75 S. Broadway (across to departure. www.united.com
City hotline for relatives of from Westchester Mall) and The TWIN TOWERS FUND O
missing people: (212) 560- (212)614-0120. Airlines are asking for paper United automated flight O
in Mineola, 200 Old Country established by the City of tickets or E-ticket receipts
2730, (212) 741-4626 New York Health and Racquet New York to assist the I information (800) 824 6200
Road, (516) 248-5886. and photo ID. I United Reservations (800) 241
A Families of Missing Persons Club on Whitehall & Water families of NYC policemen,
Center is located at Pier 92 Streets open for rescue Chubb: For everything except 6522
workers compensation, call firefighters and rescue Air Canada
on the West side, at 52nd St. workers, for showers and (800) 252-4670; Workers workers; Checks payable to
NYPD: (718) 677-8238 chair massages, (212) 269- Operating most domestic and
Comp., call (800) 699-9916, The twin Towers Fund at all Internal Flights- HOUSING
FDNY: (718) 999-2541 9800 General Post Office, P. 0. Box
www.chubb.com www.aircanda.com
EMS: (718) 609-9216 American Lung Association; 26999, New York. NY 10087-
Port Authority: (973) 642-0165 (800) LUNG-USA State Farm: A temporary office America West Airlines BATTERY PARK CITY
in an RV will process claims 6999 Operating all major flights.
Body Maximus Health Club, 90 The New York State World For news and information
WTC companies: and issue checks, at 310 W. Standby travel available. If related to Battery Park City:
John St., is offering use of all Trade Center Relief Fund
Morgan Stanley: (888) 883- facilities, including showers Broadway. 7 a.m to 7 p.m. Or flight has been canceled call http://bpc.mobilel23.com
call: Auto and Home claims, Make a donation with a reservati9ns, (800) 235 9292.
4391. and beverages, (212) 732- credit card on Red Cross shelters,
(800) 372-5246; Life, (888) www.americawest.com www.nyredcross.org.
Commodity Futures Trading 4445
464-5433; Workers comp, • www.state.ny.us or by (American Airlines Citi Habitats Emergency
Commission: (800) 765-3277 (800)592-8411, calling (800) 801-8092. Or
Empire Cross/Blue Shield: - * Flight Status for American and Housing Help Center is open
S.O.S. statefarm.com send a check to the Fund, American Eagle is available
(866)761-8265 ' P.O. Box 5028, Albany, N.Y. 9 a.m.-8 p.m. through
Travelers: Two catastophe by calling (800) 223 5436 or Wednesday to help those
Pitney Bowes: (800) 932-3631 response vehicles set up at 12205.
Carr Futures: (800) 755-7620 New York Cares New York and wwwAA.com displaced find temporary
388 Greenwich St. Or call for The United Way: A fund to aid
Kemper Insurance Co.: (800) New Jersey agencies victims and families: The accommodations. Some are
622-9966 collecting relief donations annuities, (800) 842-5642; free, others cost a nominal
workers comp.,-(800) 842- September llth Fund, United
Fuji Bank: (888) 537-3854 and supplies: fee. Call (212) 685-7777 or
0240, www.travelers.com Way, 2 Park Ave., New York, (877) 692-4663
Cantor Fitzgerald: (212) 940- www.nycares.org N.Y. 10016, (800) 710-8002, or
8162/8482/8492, 893-6073
Hartford: For property,
-
The National Association of Gateway Cplocation Free FRIENDS Inc* a Bronx
Realtors has created the space to its displaced clients nonprofit, with Visiting Nurse
Realtors Housing Relief Fund and companies requiring a AMTRAK TRAINS
Services of New York, for
with a beginning donation of data center in the www.Amtrak.com
Mott Haven victims and
Slmillion for mortgage and metropolitan area. Talk to families, between 9 a.m. and
rent payments for victims Adam Brodsky, (212) 446- 6p.m., (718) 401-6603.
and their families, including 9029. Maimpnides Medical Center
MAIL DELIVERY
fire, law enforcement and Human Resources Crisis Counseling hotline:
emergency personnel. Go to Administration (HRA) People whose Post Offices are
www.realtor.com (718)283-8426
Information regarding food Safe Horizon victim assistance closed (Bowling Green,
stamps, Medicaid and program: (800) 621-HOPE or ' Church Street, Wall Street)
LEGAL HELP housing, call (877) 472-8411. (212)577-7777. can pick up mail at the James
Westchester County Office of A. Farley Building side lobby,
Economic Development Help 380 W. 33rd St.
NYC Bar Association will waive companies find temporary TOURISTS
its consultation fee to Space, (914) 995-2926,
victims and their families www.westchestergov.com Tourists and travelers who are
SCHOOLS
who seek legal advice
regarding insurance and stranded should call the New
York City Tourism Board at OPEN: Murray Bergtraum HS,
estate planning, (212) 626- STRANDED PETS (212) 484-1222 for help in next to Police Plaza, will re-
7373. o>
finding food, housing etc. open on Thursday.
Queens County Bar The Humane Society of the
Association will help They should also contact
United States (HSUS) offers their embassies or REASSIGNMENTS:
attorneys locate space in assistance to people who Students at eight schools in o
member offices: (718) 291- consulates in New York or
know about pets whose Washington. the vicinity of the WTC have FT
4500. been reassigned.
owners are missing, (718) The New York City Tourism
New York State Bar 272-7200, www.hsus.org Schools are closed today and "C
Association (NYSBA) hotline Office, at 810 Seventh Ave. at O
For missing pets, Pet Rescue 53rd Street, is open to assist tomorrow for Rosh on
for displaced lawyers and hotline, (212) 876-7700. Hashanah; the following
their clients: (877) HELP-321. stranded travelers with the
there's also a lost pet center * latest information. changes begin Thursday H
at the corner of Varick and
King Streets. FBI TIPS Stuyvesant High School go to n
AID TO BUSINESSES Brooklyn Technical HS, 29
The FBI Web site and phone Fort Greene Place, 11 a.m.
Displaced businesses call a COUNSELING number where people can High School for Leadership
hotline, operated by NYC report information about the and Public Service go to
officials: (212) 621- New Yorkers Share: WTC terrorist attack: Fashion Industries HS, 225 W.
ft)
9502/9517/9527 or email Professional counseling for www.ifccfbi.gov and (866) 24th St., 9a.m.
spacebank@rebny.com. 483-5137 or (800) 331-0075. a
displaced persons at RFK High School of Economics and
Federal Emergency Genesis Apts:, 113E. 13 St. They are eager to recover any Finance to Norman Thomas
Management Agency (bet 3rd ft Uh\! .— videos that tourists may HS, 111 E. 33rd St., 9a.m.
(FEMA), help with funeral TJatioflal Mental Healtti "1 have been shooting before PS 89 and PS 50 to PS 3,490
expenses, low-interest loans Association (NMHA). The ' and during the attacks. Hudson St., 8:40 a.m.
to replace personal property, oo
Mental Health LifeNet phone EMERGENCY 911 IS 89 to IS 70,333 W. 17th St.,
unemployment assistance, numbers in New York City 8:40 a.m. to
including self-employed: are (212) 995-5824 (English), PS234 to PS 41,116 W. llth St., o
(800) 462-9029 (212) 298-3373 (Spanish), PLEASE DO NOT use 911: The 8:40 a.m.
o
CoStar Group is offering (212) 254-2731 (Asian). | police missing persons PS 721 to P 79M, 55 E. 120th St,
access to its extensive Department of Mental Health , inquiry line is (212) 560-2730 Manhattan, 9 a.m.
database of New York area -5000
— — ii»,ww.v*.ifc/ tn^-JUUU
leasing brokers and
available office properties in
FDNY Family Crisis Center; TRANSPORTATION If you have any
(718)352-2140.
the city. Visit the Empire City University of New York
information that would
State Development Web site, (CUNY) Service is staffed by CommuterUnk, a nonprofit, help our New York
www.nylovesbiz.com and commuter assistance with
volunteer faculty in
information and carpools,
community, please send
select the NY site Finder psychology, social work and
link. Then click on World (866) NYC-OMMUTE, details by fax to (212)
nursing: (212) 794-5588.
Trade Center Disaster The Port Authority has opened www.commuterlink.com. 930-8681, or email to
Alternative Space Listings. two family assistance' New York State: Access to helphotline<§>nypostcom
(800) ILOVE NY. centers for employees and assistance services by State
To obtain Information from a agencies, 800-lLOVENY (800-
families. At JFK, call (718)
clearinghouse of available > 751-8200; at Newark, call 456-8369)
office space, www.stanton- (973)642-0165.
crenshaw.com/clearinghous Jewish Board of Family and Reservations for ACCESS-A-
e.html, or email RIDE PARATRANSIT SERVICE
Children's Services has set
alex@stamtpm-crenshaw.eom may only be made one to two
up drop-in centers in all five
boroughs, (212) 397-4090. days in advance of the day of
travel by calling (877) 337-
2017. Access-A-Ride cannot
travel into lower Manhattan
Prepared on September 18, 2001
1. Retrospective Emergency Room- Review of medical records from four hospitals in close
proximity to ground zero for frequency and types of injuries seen during the interval
9/11-9/13.
Team Leaders: Susan Wilt (NYCDOH) & Mike Bell (CDC)
2. Rescue Team- Involves the four lower Manhattan hospitals and the DMAT site treating
rescue workers. Focuses on injury and illness occurring in any individual working at
ground zero (includes EMS, Fire, Police, construction, etc.)
Team Leaders: Mike Phillips (NYCDOH) & Sandra Berrios (CDC)
(This report includes data from preliminary descriptive analyses that will change as data are
further refined. Approximately 90-95 % of data on 4 hospitals have been entered and are
presented in this report. Data verification is ongoing.)
Background:
Emergency department (ED) care during the acute phase of the disaster response was assessed
retrospectively to understand the types and quantities of injuries caused by the WTC attack, the
categories of individuals affected, and the impact on healthcare facility resources and capacities.
Based on early statistics provided by the New York City Department of Health (NYC DoH) and
the Greater New York Hospital Association, four hospitals are believed to have provided the
majority of disaster-related care in Manhattan during the first days following the attack. This
assessment focuses on these four hospitals, however additional facilities may be assessed if
deemed appropriate by NYC DOH.
Facilities assessed:
Saint Vincent's Hospital* - near completion
Bellevue Medical Center* - near completion
Beth Israel Medical Center - near completion
NYU Downtown - near completion
Cornell Medical Center (Uptown) - ongoing abstraction, no data entered
Time frame:
0800, 11 September 2001 through 0800, 13 September 2001
Information sources:
ED encounter forms
Patient charts
ED registration logs
Hospital admissions logs
Data were gathered on-site at each facility on 14 and 15, September, using a standardized data
abstraction form (appendix 1).
Descriptive Information:
2. Rescue Team
Multiple categories of rescue workers are on the WTC site, operating in a hazardous
environment. The purpose of this prospective surveillance is to determine the type of injury and
illness, type of worker injured, time and date of injury or illness and disposition of the injured
worker. A rescue worker is defined as anyone working at the WTC site. Four hospital
emergency departments and the DMAT facility provide the majority of emergency medical care
to workers.
Facilities assessed:
Bellevue ED, Beth Israel (Petrie Division) ED, New York University Downtown ED, St
Vincent's ED & Disaster Medical Assistance Team sites (DMAT)
DMAT 202
Total 355
Crush 0 1 0 1 2
Fracture 1 1 2 1 5
Burn 0 0 2 0 2
Concussion 0 1 1 0 2
Eye Injury 15 12 21 11 59
Psychological Stress 1 2 1 3 7
j
Blisters 12
Headache 11
Chest Pain 9
Asthma 8
Dehydration 5
Diabetes 4
Needed Medication 4
Exhaustion - 3
BP Check 3
Musculoskeletal/Other 3
URI 3
Hypoglycemia 2
SOB 2
Syncope 2
Fire 14 13 11 15 53
Police 24 33 30 25 112
Medical 8 7 8 0 23
Construction 10 10 16 9 45
Military 2 13 3 1 19
Red Cross 2 2 0 0 4
Other (See Table 5) 26 26 17 17 86
Unknown 2 2 4 5 12
OEM 2
Table 2F: Number of Injuries, by Injury Type and Rescue Worker Type
Fire Police Medical Construction Military Red Cross Other Unknown
Injury Type
Smoke/Dust 11 16 2 1 1 0 13 1
Inhalation
Skin Irritation/Rash 1 3 2 1 1 0 9 0
Sprain/Strain 7 18 4 9 2 0 13 2
Abrasion 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 0
Laceration 4 14 0 5 1 1 3 0
Contusion 2 6 1 0 1 0 1 0
Crush 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
Tracture 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 0
3urn 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Concussion 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
lye Injury 7 30 2 9 1 0 9 1
'sychological 0 0 1 2 0 1 3 0
Stress
Other 15 21 11 13 10 2 32 6
Jnknown 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 1
3. Syndromic
After five days of surveillance, there were 6637 emergency department (ED) visits reviewed. Completeness of ED
record capture increased dramatically since EIS officers were placed in the hospitals on 9/15/01 (see Table 3A).
Most ED (68%) visits were not for complaints under surveillance (category = " none of the following", see Table
3B). The combined frequency of syndromes under surveillance specifically for biologic agent release was 6.2%
(includes respiratory illness with fever, diarrhea/gastroenteritis, sepsis, meningitis/encephalitis, botulism-like
syndrome and unexplained death with fever). Case investigations are conducted daily for ED visits with the
following syndromes: sepsis, meningitis/encephalitis, botulism-like syndrome botulism-like syndrome and
unexplained death with fever. Upon further review of these cases, no evidence suggestive of a biologic agent release
has been detected. Cluster and trend analysis of syndrome data is pending.
Frequency %
None listed 4480 67.5
Trauma 808 12.2
Smoke/dust inhalation 127 1.9
Exacerbation of resp illness 317 4.8
Resp Illness with fever 134 2.0
Diarrhea/gastroenteritis 236 3.6
Sepsis 18 .3
Rash & fever 15 .2
Mening/enceph 7 .1
Anxiety 80 1.2
Blank 368 5.5
Total 6590 99.3
Missing 47 .7
Total 6637 100.0
*Syndromes with no reports: Botulism-like, unexplained death with fever
Table 3C- Distribution of reported syndromes, excluding category, "None of the above"
Frequency Percent
Trauma 808 38.3
Smoke/dust inhalation 127 6.0
Exacerbation of resp illness 317 15.0
Resp Illness with fever 134 6.4
Diarrhea/gastroenteritis 236 11.2
Sepsis 18 .9
Rash & fever 15 .7
Mening/enceph 7 .3
Anxiety 80 3.8
Blank 368 17.4
Total - 2110 100.0
Frequency Percent
1-1 7 years 1551 23.4
18-44 years 2911 43.9
45-64 years 1335 20.1
65 and older 786 11.8
Total 6583 99.2
Missing 54 .8
Total 6637 100.0
AGE
Std. Error
SYNDROME N Median Mean of Mean
None on list 4477 36.00 36.58 .34
Trauma 807 31.00 32.59 .76
Smoke/dust inhalation 127 36.00 37.92 1.19
Exacerbation of resp illness 316 29.00 30.78 1.28
Resp Illness with fever 134 6.00 16.76 1.82
Diarrhea/gastroenteritis 236 26.00 29.32 1.66
Sepsis 18 39.00 38.89 8.24
Rash & fever 15 1.00 9.67 4.58
Mening/enceph 7 24.00 28.14 6.82
Anxiety 80 35.50 38.29 2.44
Blank 366 34.00 34.76 1.18
Total 6583 34.00 35.03 .28
Frequency Percent
Bellevue 388 5.8
Brooklyn Hospital-Downtown 384 5.8
Beth Israel-Petrie 564 8.5
Coney Island Hospital 389 5.9
Columbia-New York Presbyterian 202 3.0
Elmhurst 752 11.3
Kings County Hospital 420 6.3
Lincoln Hospital 755 11.4
Long Island Jewish 568 8.6
Lutheran Hospital 385 5.8
Montefiore Medical Center 436 6.6
Mt. Sinai Hospital 370 5.6
Queens Hospital Center 174 2.6
Staten Island University-North 457 6.9
St. Vincent's 393 5.9
Total 6637 100.0
Count
DATE
13-SEP-2001 14-SEP-2001 15-SEP-2001 16-SEP-2001 17-SEP-2001 Total
None on list 437 908 1485 1479 156 4479
Trauma 80 133 295 275 14 808
Smoke/dust inhalation 45 31 26 18 3 127
Exacerbation of resp
20 59 97 126 12 317
illness
Resp Illness with fever 17 22 38 54 3 134
Diarrhea/gastroenteritis
17 41 78 90 9 236
Sepsis 1 12 5 18
Rash & fever 3 1 3 8 15
Mening/enceph 1 6 7
Anxiety 2 4 28 41 5 80
Blank 157 147 32 26 '4 367
Total 779 1347 2094 2128 206 6588
NOTE: Full implementation of surveillance system began on the evening of 9/14/01
600
lGastroenteritis
Exacerbation of resp
Smoke/dust
rauma
DATE