MWH Reading Notes 4 Global Overview

Name:_______________________

Chapter 7 (p. 221)

1. Why did Egyptian merchants travel to Nubia? 2. When did Nubia free itself from Egypt to become the independent state of Kush? 3. How did the Kushites learn to make iron weapons and tools? 4. Who did the Kushites trade their iron products to? 5. Axum emerged as an independent state that combined __ and __ cultures. 6. Axum competed with Kush for control of what? 7. Who is the Axumite ruler who conquered Kush in the 4th century C.E.? 8. What was the first great trading state in West Africa that emerged around 500 C.E.? 9. Ghana had an abundant supply of iron ore and which other valuable resource? 10. What did Muslim merchants from North Africa bring to Ghana? 11. Why was salt so valuable to the Ghanaians? 12. What trading method did the Ghanaians use to obtain salt? 13. After Ghana collapsed in the 1100s, which powerful kingdom took its place? 14. Which powerful trading city did the Kingdom of Mali gain control over? 15. Who was the powerful king of Mali who ruled from 1312-1337? 16. Mansa Musa made a great pilgrimage to ______. 17. Mansa Musa made which city the capital of Islamic learning? 18. The Songhai Kingdom began to expand under the leadership of __ in 1464. 19. Which two conquests gave Songhai control of the salt and gold trading empire? 20. Who established the prosperous city of Great Zimbabwe after 1000 CE? 21. The string of African trading ports on the Indian Ocean included which 3 cities? 22. Who is Ibn Battuta? 23. What is the name for the mixture of African and Arabian culture? 24. What were the basic building blocks of African society? 25. What practice occurred in Africa long before European involvement?

Chapter 8 (p. 245)

1. Which Chinese dynasty emerged in 581 CE? 2. What was constructed to link the Huang He (Yellow) & Chang Jiang (Yangtze) Rivers? 3. Which Chinese dynasty expanded their control to Tibet? 4. When did woodblock printing occur in China? 5. Which nomadic people took control of all of China during the 1200s? 6. During the Tang Dynasty, the Chinese began to make __ by mixing cast iron and wrought iron in a coal fueled furnace. 7. Gunpowder was invented under which Chinese dynasty? 8. Which group of people brought much of the Eurasian landmass under a single rule, creating the largest land empire in history? 9. In 1206 __ was elected strong ruler of the Mongols. 10. How did the Mongols encounter gunpowder and firelance? 11. Which Mongol leader completed the conquest of the Song dynasty? 12. How did Buddhism enter China? 13. What does Neo-Confucianism teach? 14. ___ is ceramic made of fine clay baked a very high temperatures. 15. Why does Japan have fertile soil? 16. What were Japanese warriors called? What was their main purpose? 17. What is Bushido? 18. What is a Shogun? 19. Under a shogunate, who held actual power? 20. Which group of people attempted to invade Japan in 1281? 21. What are daimyo? 22. Which Japanese religion involves the worship of spirits called kami? 23. What other religion entered Japan in the 6th century? 24. What did Murasaki Shikibu write?

25. What two branches of Buddhism emerged in India?

26. Which branch of Buddhism believed they were following the original teachings of Buddha? 27. Which branch sees Buddhism as a religion (where Buddha is a divine being), not a philosophy? 28. In the early 8th century, ___ became popular in the northwestern corner of India. 29. Muslim rulers in India tried to maintain a strict separation between their ruling class and the

mass ___ population.

30. Describe the relationship between Muslim and Hindu faiths in India.

Chapter 11 (p. 352)

1. Where is Mesoamerica? 2. What was the first major Mesoamerican city? 3. When did the Mayan civilization flourish? 4. What was at the center of most Mayan cities? 5. About how many residents did Tikal have? 6. What is the name of the supreme Mayan god? 7. How did Mayans appease the gods? 8. Describe the Mayan writing system. 9. The Mayan calendar was based on the belief in cycles of ___ and ___. 10. According to the Mayan calendar, when was our present world was created? 11. Which two systems did the Maya use to measure time? 12. Where did the Aztec people establish their capital? 13. When did the Spaniards conquer this capital? 14. How many Aztec lived in the Valley of Mexico by 1500? 15. Who was the Aztec god of the sun and war? 16. The Aztecs saw thought the Spaniards were representatives of which god? 17. Which civilization developed in the South American area of Cuzco in the 1300s? 18. Who was the founder/leader of the Incan Empire? 19. What was the Incan language called? 20. Describe the Incan writing system. What was it called?