FiniteElementCIV5106

Assignment1 ApproximateSolutions

S2011

Consider the following ordinary linear differential equation subject to the boundary conditions T ( 0 ) = 0 andT (1) = 0 .

d 2T + 1000x 2 = 0 2 dx

: 0 x 1

UsethecommercialsoftwareMATLABfornumericalevaluationandplots.
A. Solve the governing differential equation above by using a second order approximation
2

T ( x ) = ai N i ( x ) in conjunction with the following methods (a, b, ci, , civ). The trial
i =1

functions N 1 = x 1 x 2 and N 2 = x 2 1 x 2 aredefined. a RitzMethod b VariationalMethod(RayleighRitzMethod);knowingthatthevariationalformofthedifferential equationaboveisintheformof

1 dT 2 + 1000x 2T dx I = 0 2 dx
1

c WeightedResidualMethods i. ii. iii. iv. PointCollocationMethod;( x 1 = 1 3 and x 2 = 2 3 ) SubdomainCollocationMethod;( 1 : 0 x 0.5 and 2 : 0.5 x 1 ) LeastSquaresMethod GalerkinMethod

B. Comparethecalculatedvaluesof a1 and a2 basedoneachmethod(inpartA)inatabularformat. C. PlottheResidualfunction R ( x ; a1 , a2 ) versus x inallcasesaboveononesinglegraphandcompare them. D. Plot the approximate solution T ( x ; a1 , a2 ) versus x for all cases above on one single graph and comparethemwiththeexactsolution. E. The same problem is solved in [1], in which a first order approximation with trial function

N 1 = x 1 x 2 isusedandthefollowingconstantsarecalculated.
a RitzMethod: a1 = 1000 9 b VariationalMethod(RayleighRitzMethod): a1 = 5000 48 c WeightedResidualMethods 1/2

i. ii. iii. iv.

PointCollocationMethod( x 1 = 1 2 ): a1 = 1000 12 SubdomainCollocationMethod( 1 : 0 x 1 ): a1 = 1000 9 LeastSquaresMethod: a1 = 1000 8 GalerkinMethod: a1 = 5000 48

For every pair of the counterpart solutions based on the first order approximationT ( x ; a1 ) and basedonthesecondorderapproximationT ( x ; a1 , a2 ) ineachmethod I. II. Plottheresidualfunctions R versus x ononesinglegraphandcomparethem. Plot the solutionsT versus x on one single graph and compare them with the exact solutionT .

Reference
[1] Frank L. Stasa, Applied Finite Element Analysis For Engineers, HRW Series in Mechanical Engineering,1985.

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