Dark Matter , Galaxies and Bose-Einstein Condensates

Instituto Politcnico Nacional Escuela Superior de Fsica y Matemticas

Moreno Ley Blanca Luca

lucy@esfm.ipn.mx

Characteristic of the Scalar Field Dark Matter (SFDM) Model

CDM includes baryonic matter, Dark Energy (cosmological constant) and Dark Matter. CDM is the best model that fits the observations. At galactic scales, CDM dominates but SFDM at cosmological scales behaves as CDM.

If we plot density vs radii, with a propose value for scalar field mass , we obtain a density profile constant i.e., there are not cusps, instead the CDM predictions an this profile its accord with the currently observations of density profiles in galaxies.

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Weak interactive with rest of matter and cold. Scalar field is stable.
SF have a mass of m10-23eV. SF creates fluctuations that form autogravitational objets called Oscillatons. Oscillatons are stables if their mass is Mcrit~10 M , this is, tipic galaxies mass.
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We propose to Bose-Einstein Condensates like candidates to Scalar Field Dark Matter, i.e., BEC satisfies the following state equation:

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The critical bosons temperature is:

The Scalar Field, that form the BEC, uncouples from the rest of matter at temperatures below TeV, allows greatscale structure generation. From this results, we can conclude that the scalar field colapses form object with final mass not bigger than the critical mass. This objects will have density "perfiles" very similar to that shown above. So, dark matter in galaxies could be scalar fields with masses at order of 10-23 eV. Summing, dark matter could be considered like a ultralight scalar field particle. Cosmological evolution of scalar field dark matter and their fluctuations could be taken from Cold Dark Matter and their linear fluctuations. Finally, BEC would be considered like a good candidate to dark matter localized at the halo galaxies

BEC Oppenheimer-Volkov equation models a galaxy with spherical symmetry. This was resolved with an analytical and a numerical approach

Case 1: Pressure is less than density , i.e., massive SF. We obtain an analytic solution to OPV equation:

Case 2: Pressure is bigger than density. The analytical solution

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References: F. Siddhartha Guzmn, L. Arturo Urea-Lpez, Newtonian collapse of Scalar Field Dark Matter, astro-ph/0303440v1,2003. T. Matos and G. Torres, Galaxy formation simulations with Scalar Field Dark Matter, Revista Mexicana de Astronoma y Astrofsica, 39,2003. Tonatiuh Matos, L.Arturo Urea-Lpez, On the nature of Dark Matter, International Journal of Modern Physics D Vol.13, No. 00. 2004.

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