BASES DE DATOS

Ingeniera Tcnica Informtica

Asignatura Obligatoria: 4.5 + 4.5 crditos (Segundo cuatrimestre)
Curso acadmico 2000/2002
Relacin de Ejercicios Prcticos

TEMA 1. MANDATO SELECT BSICO
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1.1.Initiate a SQL*Plus session using the user ID and password provided by the
instructor.
1.2.SQL*Plus commands access the database. True/False
1.3.Will the SELECT statement execute successfully? True/False

SQL> SELECT ename, job, sal Salary
FROM emp;

1.4.Will the SELECT statement execute successfully? True/False

SQL>SELECT *
FROM salgrade;

1.5.There are three coding errors in this statement. Can you identify them?

SQL> SELECT empno,ename
salary x 12 ANNUAL SALARY
FROM emp;

1.6.Show the structure of the DEPT table. Select all data from the DEPT table.

Name Null? Type
----------------- --------------- ------------
DEPTNO NOT NULL NUMBER(2)
DNAME VARCHAR2(14)
LOC VARCHAR2(13)

DEPTNO DNAME LOC
------------ ------------------- -------------
10 ACCOUNTING NEWYORK
20 RESEARCH DALLAS
30 SALES CHICAGO
40 OPERATIONS BOSTON


1.7.Show the structure of the EMP table. Create a query to display the name,
job, hire date and employee number for each employee, with employee number
appearing first. Save your SQL statement to a file named p1q7.sql.

Pgina 1
Name Null? Type
----------------- --------------- -------------
EMPNO NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(9)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NOT NULL NUMBER(2)

1.8.Run your query in the file p1q7.sql.

EMPNO ENAME JOB HIREDATE
----------- ----------- ---------------- ----------------
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 01-MAY-81
7782 CLARK MANAGER 09-JUN-81
7566 JONES MANAGER 02-APR-81
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 28-SEP-81
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 20-FEB-81
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 08-SEP-81
7900 JAMES CLERK 03-DEC-81
7521 WARD SALESMAN 22-FEB-81
7902 FORD ANALYST 03-DEC-81
7369 SMITH CLERK 17-DEC-80
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 09-DEC-82
7876 ADAMS CLERK 12-JAN-83
7934 MILLER CLERK 23-JAN-82
14 rows selected.

1.9.Create a query to display unique jobs from the EMP table.

JOB
-----------
ANALYST
CLERK
MANAGER
PRESIDENT
SALESMAN

1.10.Load p1q7.sql into the SQL buffer. Name the column headings Emp #,
Employee, Job, and Hire Date, respectively. Rerun your query.

Emp # Employee JobHire Date
--------- ------- ---------- --------------
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 01-MAY-81
Pgina 2
7782 CLARK MANAGER 09-JUN-81
7566 JONES MANAGER 02-APR-81
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 28-SEP-81
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 20-FEB-81
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 08-SEP-81
7900 JAMES CLERK 03-DEC-81
7521 WARD SALESMAN 22-FEB-81
7902 FORD ANALYST 03-DEC-81
7369 SMITH CLERK 17-DEC-80
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 09-DEC-82
7876 ADAMS CLERK 12-JAN-83
7934 MILLER CLERK 23-JAN-82
14 rows selected.

1.11.Display the name concatenated with the job, separated by a comma and
space, and name the column Employee and Title.

Employee and Title
-------------------
KING, PRESIDENT
BLAKE, MANAGER
CLARK, MANAGER
JONES, MANAGER
MARTIN, SALESMAN
ALLEN, SALESMAN
TURNER, SALESMAN
JAMES, CLERK
WARD, SALESMAN
FORD, ANALYST
SMITH, CLERK
SCOTT, ANALYST
ADAMS, CLERK
MILLER, CLERK
14 rows selected.




1.12.Create a query to display all the data from the EMP table. Separate each
column by a comma. Name the column THE_OUTPUT.

THE_OUTPUT
-------------------------------------------------
7839,KING,PRESIDENT,,17-NOV-81,5000,,10
7698,BLAKE,MANAGER,7839,01-MAY-81,2850,,30
7782,CLARK,MANAGER,7839,09-JUN-81,2450,,10
7566,JONES,MANAGER,7839,02-APR-81,2975,,20
7654,MARTIN,SALESMAN,7698,28-SEP-81,1250,1400,30
Pgina 3
7499,ALLEN,SALESMAN,7698,20-FEB-81,1600,300,30
7844,TURNER,SALESMAN,7698,08-SEP-81,1500,0,30
7900,JAMES,CLERK,7698,03-DEC-81,950,,30
7521,WARD,SALESMAN,7698,22-FEB-81,1250,500,30
7902,FORD,ANALYST,7566,03-DEC-81,3000,,20
7369,SMITH,CLERK,7902,17-DEC-80,800,,20
7788,SCOTT,ANALYST,7566,09-DEC-82,3000,,20
7876,ADAMS,CLERK,7788,12-JAN-83,1100,,20
7934,MILLER,CLERK,7782,23-JAN-82,1300,,10
14 rows selected.

TEMA 2.REST
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2.1.Create a query to display the name and salary of employees earning more
than $2850. Save your SQL statement to a file named p2q1.sql. Run your query.

ENAME SAL
------------ ----
KING 5000
JONES 2975
FORD 3000
SCOTT 3000

2.2.Create a query to display the employee name and department number for
employee number 7566.

ENAME DEPTNO
----------- ------
JONES 20




2.3.Modify p2q1.sql to display the name and salary for all employees whose
salary is not in the range of $1500 and $2850. Resave your SQL statement to a
file named p2q3.sql. Rerun your query.

ENAME SAL
------------ -----
KING 5000
JONES 2975
MARTIN 1250
JAMES 950
WARD 1250
FORD 3000
SMITH 800
Pgina 4
SCOTT 3000
ADAMS 1100
MILLER 1300
10 rows selected.

2.4.Display the employee name, job and start date of employees hired between
February 20, 1981, and May 1, 1981. Order the query in ascending order of start
date.

ENAME JOB HIREDATE
------------ ----------------- ----------------
ALLEN SALESMAN 20-FEB-81
WARD SALESMAN 22-FEB-81
JONES MANAGER 02-APR-81
BLAKE MANAGER 01-MAY-81

2.5.Display the employee name and department number of all employees in
departments 10 and 30 in alphabetical order by name.

ENAME DEPTNO
-------------- -----------
KING 10
BLAKE 30
CLARK 10
MARTIN 30
ALLEN 30
TURNER 30
JAMES 30
WARD 30
MILLER 10
9 rows selected.

2.6.Modify p2q3.sql to list the name and salary of employees who earn more than
$1500 and are in department 10 or 30. Label the columns Employee and Monthly
Salary, respectively. Resave your SQL statement to a file named p2q6.sql. Rerun
your query.

Employee Monthly Salary
--------------- -------------------
KING 5000
BLAKE 2850
CLARK 2450
ALLEN 1600

2.7 Display the name and hire date of every employee who was hired in 1982.

ENAME HIREDATE
Pgina 5
------------ ----------------
SCOTT 09-DEC-82
MILLER 23-JAN-82

2.8.Display the name and title of all employees who do not have a manager.

ENAME JOB
------------ ---------
KING PRESIDENT

2.9.Display the name, salary, and commission for all employees who earn
commissions. Sort data in descending order of salary and commissions.

ENAME SAL.... COMM
----------- --------- ---------
ALLEN 1600 300
TURNER 1500 0
MARTIN 1250 1400
WARD 1250 500

2.10.Display the names of all employees where the third letter of their name is an
A.
ENAME
-----------
BLAKE
CLARK
ADAMS

2.11.Display the name of all employees that have two Ls in their name and are in
department 30 or their manager is 7782.

ENAME
----------
ALLEN
MILLER

2.12.Display the name, job, and salary for all employees whose job is Clerk or
Analyst and their salary is not equal to $1000, $3000, or $5000.

ENAME JOB SAL
------------ ------- -----
JAMES CLERK 950
SMITH CLERK 800
ADAMS CLERK 1100
MILLER CLERK 1300

Pgina 6
2.13.Modify p2q6.sql to display the name, salary, and commission for all
employees whose commission amount is greater than their salary increased by
10%. Rerun your query. Resave your query as p2q13.sql.

ENAME SAL COMM
------------- ----- ----------
MARTIN 1250 1400

TEMA 3. FUNCIONES DE SQL QUE ACTAN SOBRE UNA SOLA
FILA.
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3.1.Write a query to display the current date. Label the column Date.

Date
--------------
28-OCT-97

3.2.Display the employee number, name, salary, and salary increase by 15%
expressed as a whole number. Label the column New Salary. Save your SQL
statement to a file named p3q2.sql.





3.3.Run your query in the file p3q2.sql.

EMPNO ENAME SAL New Salary
----------- ------------ ----- --------------
7839 KING 5000 5750
7698 BLAKE 2850 3278
7782 CLARK 2450 2818
7566 JONES 2975 3421
7654 MARTIN 1250 1438
7499 ALLEN 1600 1840
7844 TURNER 1500 1725
7900 JAMES 950 1093
7521 WARD 1250 1438
7902 FORD 3000 3450
7369 SMITH 800 920
7788 SCOTT 3000 3450
7876 ADAMS 1100 1265
7934 MILLER 1300 1495
14 rows selected.

3.4.Modify your query p3q2.sql to add an additional column that will subtract
the old salary from the new salary. Label the column Increase. Rerun your
Pgina 7
query.

EMPNO ENAME SAL New Salary Increase
----------- ------------ ------- ---------- --------
7839 KING 5000 5750 750
7698 BLAKE 2850 3278 428
7782 CLARK 2450 2818 368
7566 JONES 2975 3421 446

3.5.Display the employees name, hire date, and salary review date, which is the
first Monday after six months of service. Label the column REVIEW. Format
the dates to appear in the format similar to Sunday, the Seventh of September,
1981.

ENAME HIREDATE REVIEW
----------- ----------------- -------------------------------------------------
KING 17-NOV-81 Monday, the Twenty-Fourth of May, 1982
BLAKE 01-MAY-81 Monday, the Second of November, 1981
CLARK 09-JUN-81 Monday, the Fourteenth of December, 1981
JONES 02-APR-81 Monday, the Fifth of October, 1981
MARTIN 28-SEP-81 Monday, the Twenty-Ninth of March, 1982
ALLEN 20-FEB-81 Monday, the Twenty-Fourth of August, 1981
TURNER 08-SEP-81 Monday, the Fifteenth of March, 1982
JAMES 03-DEC-81 Monday, the Seventh of June, 1982
WARD 22-FEB-81 Monday, the Twenty-Fourth of August, 1981
FORD 03-DEC-81 Monday, the Seventh of June, 1982
SMITH 17-DEC-80 Monday, the Twenty-Second of June, 1981
SCOTT 09-DEC-82 Monday, the Thirteenth of June, 1983
ADAMS 12-JAN-83 Monday, the Eighteenth of July, 1983
MILLER 23-JAN-82 Monday, the Twenty-Sixth of July, 1982
14 rows selected.

3.6.For each employee display the employee name and calculate the number of
months between today and the date the employee was hired. Label the column
MONTHS_WORKED. Order your results by the number of months employed.
Round the number of months up to the closest whole number.

ENAME MONTHS_WORKED
----------- ---------------------------
ADAMS 177
SCOTT 178
MILLER 188
JAMES 190
FORD 190
KING 191
MARTIN 192
TURNER 193
CLARK 196
BLAKE 197
Pgina 8
JONES 198
WARD 199
ALLEN 199
SMITH 202
14 rows selected

3.7.Write a query that produces the following for each employee:
<employee name> earns <salary> monthly but wants <3 times salary>. Label the
column Dream Salaries.

Dream Salaries
----------------------------------------------------
KING earns $5,000.00 monthly but wants $15,000.00.
BLAKE earns $2,850.00 monthly but wants $8,550.00.
CLARK earns $2,450.00 monthly but wants $7,350.00.
JONES earns $2,975.00 monthly but wants $8,925.00.
MARTIN earns $1,250.00 monthly but wants $3,750.00.
ALLEN earns $1,600.00 monthly but wants $4,800.00
TURNER earns $1,500.00 monthly but wants $4,500.00.
JAMES earns $950.00 monthly but wants $2,850.00.
WARD earns $1,250.00 monthly but wants $3,750.00.
FORD earns $3,000.00 monthly but wants $9,000.00.
SMITH earns $800.00 monthly but wants $2,400.00.
SCOTT earns $3,000.00 monthly but wants $9,000.00.
ADAMS earns $1,100.00 monthly but wants $3,300.00
MILLER earns $1,300.00 monthly but wants $3,900.00.
14 rows selected.

3.8.Create a query to display name and salary for all employees. Format the
salary to be 15 characters long, left-padded with $. Label the column SALARY.

ENAME SALARY
------------- ---------------
SMITH $$$$$$$$$$$$800
ALLEN $$$$$$$$$$$1600
WARD $$$$$$$$$$$1250
JONES $$$$$$$$$$$2975
MARTIN $$$$$$$$$$$1250
BLAKE $$$$$$$$$$$2850
CLARK $$$$$$$$$$$2450
SCOTT $$$$$$$$$$$3000
KING $$$$$$$$$$$5000
TURNER $$$$$$$$$$$1500
ADAMS $$$$$$$$$$$1100
JAMES $$$$$$$$$$$$950
FORD $$$$$$$$$$$3000
MILLER $$$$$$$$$$$1300
14 rows selected.

Pgina 9
3.9.Write a query that will display the employee's name with the first letter
capitalized and all other letters lowercase and the length of their name, for all
employees whose name starts with J, A, or M. Give each column an appropriate
label.

Name Length
---------- ------
Jones 5
Martin 6
Allen 5
James 5
Adams 5
Miller 6
6 rows selected.


3.10.Display the name, hire date, and day of the week on which the employee
started. Label the column DAY. Order the results by the day of the week
starting with Monday.

ENAME HIREDATE DAY
------ --------- -----------
MARTIN 28-SEP-81 MONDAY
CLARK 09-JUN-81 TUESDAY
KING 17-NOV-81 TUESDAY
TURNER 08-SEP-81 TUESDAY
SMITH 17-DEC-80 WEDNESDAY
ADAMS 12-JAN-83 WEDNESDAY
JONES 02-APR-81 THURSDAY
FORD 03-DEC-81 THURSDAY
SCOTT 09-DEC-82 THURSDAY
JAMES 03-DEC-81 THURSDAY
ALLEN 20-FEB-81 FRIDAY
BLAKE 01-MAY-81 FRIDAY
MILLER 23-JAN-82 SATURDAY
WARD 22-FEB-81 SUNDAY
14 rows selected
3.11.Create a query that will display the employee name and commission
amount. If the employee does not earn commission, put No Commission. Label
the column COMM.

ENAME COMM
------ -----------
SMITH No Commission
ALLEN 300
WARD 500
JONES No Commission
MARTIN 1400
BLAKE No Commission
CLARK No Commission
Pgina 10
SCOTT No Commission
KING No Commission
TURNER 0
ADAMS No Commission
JAMES No Commission
FORD No Commission
MILLER No Commission
14 rows selected.



TEMA 4. OBTENIENDO DATOS DESDE MLTIPLES TABLAS.
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4.1.Write a query to display the name, department number, and department
name for all employees.

ENAME DEPTNO DNAME
------------ ------------ -------------------
CLARK 10 ACCOUNTING
KING 10 ACCOUNTING
MILLER 10 ACCOUNTING
SMITH 20 RESEARCH
ADAMS 20 RESEARCH
FORD 20 RESEARCH
SCOTT 20 RESEARCH
JONES 20 RESEARCH
ALLEN 30 SALES
BLAKE 30 SALES
MARTIN 30 SALES
JAMES 30 SALES
TURNER 30 SALES
WARD 30 SALES
14 rows selected.

4.2.Create a unique listing of all jobs that are in department 30.

JOB LOC
-------------- -------------
CLERK CHICAGO
MANAGER CHICAGO
SALESMAN CHICAGO

4.3. Write a query to display the employee name, department name, and location
of all employees who earn a commission.

ENAME DNAME LOC
------------- ------------- -------------
ALLEN SALES CHICAGO
Pgina 11
WARD SALES CHICAGO
MARTIN SALES CHICAGO
TURNER SALES CHICAGO



4.4.Display the employee name and department name for all employees who have
an A in their name. Save your SQL statement in a file called p4q4.sql.

ENAME DNAME
------------ ------------
CLARK ACCOUNTING
ADAMS RESEARCH
ALLEN SALES
WARD SALES
JAMES SALES
MARTIN SALES
BLAKE SALES
7 rows selected.

4.5.Write a query to display the name, job, department number, and department
name for all employees who work in DALLAS.

ENAME JOB DEPTNO DNAME
----------- --------- ------------- ----------
SMITH CLERK 20 RESEARCH
ADAMS CLERK 20 RESEARCH
FORD ANALYST 20 RESEARCH
SCOTT ANALYST 20 RESEARCH
JONES MANAGER 20 RESEARCH

4.6 6. .D Di is sp pl la ay y t th he e e em mp pl lo oy ye ee e n na am me e a an nd d e em mp pl lo oy ye ee e n nu um mb be er r a al lo on ng g w wi it th h t th he ei ir r
m ma an na ag ge er r s s n na am me e a an nd d m ma an na ag ge er r n nu um mb be er r. . L La ab be el l t th he e c co ol lu um mn ns s E Em mp pl lo oy ye ee e, , E Em mp p# #, ,
M Ma an na ag ge er r, , a an nd d M Mg gr r# #, , r re es sp pe ec ct ti iv ve el ly y. . S Sa av ve e y yo ou ur r S SQ QL L s st ta at te em me en nt t t to o a a f fi il le e c ca al ll le ed d
p p4 4q q6 6. .s sq ql l. .

Employee Emp# Manager Mgr#
-------------- --------- ------------ ---------
SCOTT 7788 JONES 7566
FORD 7902 JONES 7566
ALLEN 7499 BLAKE 7698
WARD 7521 BLAKE 7698
JAMES 7900 BLAKE 7698
TURNER 7844 BLAKE 7698
MARTIN 7654 BLAKE 7698
MILLER 7934 CLARK 7782
ADAMS 7876 SCOTT 7788
Pgina 12
JONES 7566 KING 7839
CLARK 7782 KING 7839
BLAKE 7698 KING 7839
SMITH 7369 FORD 7902
13 rows selected.

4.7.Modify p4q6.sql to display all employees including King, who has no
manager. Resave as p4q7.sql. Run p4q7.sql.

Employee Emp# Manager Mgr#
------------- ---------- ------------ ---------
SCOTT 7788 JONES 7566
FORD 7902 JONES 7566
ALLEN 7499 BLAKE 7698
WARD 7521 BLAKE 7698
JAMES 7900 BLAKE 7698
TURNER 7844 BLAKE 7698
MARTIN 7654 BLAKE 7698
MILLER 7934 CLARK 7782
ADAMS 7876 SCOTT 7788
JONES 7566 KING 7839
CLARK 7782 KING 7839
BLAKE 7698 KING 7839
SMITH 7369 FORD 7902
KING 7839
14 rows selected.

4.8.Create a query that will display the employee name, department number,
and all the employees that work in the same department as a given employee.
Give each column an appropriate label.

DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE COLLEAGUE
--------------------- ------------------ ---------
10 CLARK KING
10 CLARK MILLER
10 KING CLARK
10 KING MILLER
10 MILLER CLARK
10 MILLER KING
20 ADAMS FORD
20 ADAMS JONES
20 ADAMS SCOTT
20 ADAMS SMITH
20 FORD ADAMS


20 FORD JONES
20 FORD SCOTT
Pgina 13
56 rows selected.

4.9.Show the structure of the SALGRADE table. Create a query that will display
the name, job, department name, salary, and grade for all employees.

Name Null? Type
------------ ---------- -------
GRADE NUMBER
LOSAL NUMBER
HISAL NUMBER

ENAME JOB DNAME SAL GRADE
------------ ----------------- -------------------- --------- -----
MILLER CLERK ACCOUNTING 1300 2
CLARK MANAGER ACCOUNTING 2450 4
KING PRESIDENT ACCOUNTING 5000 5
SMITH CLERK RESEARCH 800 1
SCOTT ANALYST RESEARCH 3000 4
FORD ANALYST RESEARCH 3000 4
ADAMS CLERK RESEARCH 1100 1
JONES MANAGER RESEARCH 2975 4
JAMES CLERK SALES 950 1
BLAKE MANAGER SALES 2850 4
TURNER SALESMAN SALES 1500 3
ALLEN SALESMAN SALES 1600 3
WARD SALESMAN SALES 1250 2
MARTIN SALESMAN SALES 1250 2
14 rows selected.

4.10.Create a query to display the name and hire date of any employee hired
after employee Blake.

ENAME HIREDATE
------------ -----------------
SMITH 17-DEC-80
ALLEN 20-FEB-81
WARD 22-FEB-81
JONES 02-APR-81




4.11.Display all employees names and hire dates along with their managers
name and hire date for all employees who were hired before their managers.
Label the columns Employee, Emp Hiredate, Manager, and Mgr Hiredate,
respectively.

Pgina 14
Employee Emp Hiredate Manager Mgr Hiredate
------------- --------------- ------------- ------------
ALLEN 20-FEB-81 BLAKE 01-MAY-81
WARD 22-FEB-81 BLAKE 01-MAY-81
JONES 02-APR-81 KING 17-NOV-81
CLARK 09-JUN-81 KING 17-NOV-81
BLAKE 01-MAY-81 KING 17-NOV-81
SMITH 17-DEC-80 FORD 03-DEC-81
6 rows selected.

4.12.Create a query that displays the employees name and the amount of the
salaries of the employees are indicated through asterisks. Each asterisk signifies
a hundred dollars. Sort the data in descending order of salary. Label the column
EMPLOYEE_AND_THEIR_SALARIES.
EMPLOYEE_AND_THEIR_SALARIES
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
KING *************************************************
FORD *****************************
SCOTT *****************************
JONES ****************************
BLAKE ***************************
CLARK ***********************
ALLEN ***************
TURNER **************
MILLER ************
MARTIN ***********
WARD ***********
ADAMS **********
JAMES ********
SMITH *******
14 rows selected.

TEMA 5. FUNCIONES DE AG
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Determine the validity of the following statements. Circle either True or False.
5.1.Group functions work across many rows to produce one result.
True/False
5.2.Group functions include nulls in calculations.
True/False

5.3.The WHERE clause restricts rows prior to inclusion in a group calculation.
True/False
5.4.Display the highest, lowest, sum, and average salary of all employees. Label
the columns Maximum, Minimum, Sum, and Average, respectively. Round your
results to the decimal position. Save your SQL statement in a file called p5q4.sql.

Maximum Minimum Sum Average
------------- ------------- - -------- ------------
Pgina 15
5000 800 29025 2073

5.5.Modify p5q4.sql to display the minimum, maximum, sum, and average salary
for each job type. Resave to a file called p5q5.sql. Rerun your query.

JOB Maximum Minimum Sum Average
------------------ ------------- ------------- -------- --------
ANALYST 3000 3000 6000 3000
CLERK 1300 800 4150 1038
MANAGER 2975 2450 8275 2758
PRESIDENT 5000 5000 5000 5000
SALESMAN 1600 1250 5600 1400

5.6.Write a query to display the number of people with the same job.

JOB COUNT(*)
---------------- --------------
ANALYST 2
CLERK 4
MANAGER 3
PRESIDENT 1
SALESMAN 4

5.7.Determine the number of managers without listing them. Label the column
Number of Managers.

Number of Managers
--------------------------
6
5.8.Write a query that will display the difference between the highest and lowest
salaries. Label the column DIFFERENCE.

DIFFERENCE
---------------- --
4200

5.9.Display the manager number and the salary of the lowest paid employee for
that manager. Exclude anyone where the manager id is not known. Exclude
any groups where the minimum salary is less than $1000. Sort the output in
descending order of salary.

MGR MIN(SAL)
-------- --------
7566 3000
7839 2450
7782 1300
7788 1100

Pgina 16
5.10.Write a query to display the department name, location name, number of
employees, and the average salary for all employees in that department. Label
the columns dname, loc, Number of People, and Salary, respectively.

DNAME LOC Number of People Salary
--------------------- ------------------ ----------------------- --------
ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 3 2916.67
RESEARCH DALLAS 5 2175
SALES CHICAGO 6 1566.67


5.11.Create a query that will display the total number of employees and of that
total the number who were hired in 1980, 1981, 1982, and 1983. Give appropriate
column headings.

TOTAL 1980 1981 1982 1983
---------- -------- ------- -------- --------
14 1 10 2 1

5.12.Create a matrix query to display the job, the salary for that job based upon
department number and the total salary for that job for all departments, giving
each column an appropriate heading.

Job Dept 10 Dept 20 Dept 30 Total
----------------- ---------- -------- ----------- -------
ANALYST 6000 6000
CLERK 1300 1900 950 4150
MANAGER 2450 2975 2850 8275
PRESIDENT 5000 5000
SALESMAN 5600 5600

TEMA 6. SUBCONSULTAS.
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6.1.Write a query to display the employee name and hire date for all employees
in the same department as Blake. Exclude Blake.

ENAME HIREDATE
--------------- ---------------
MARTIN 28-SEP-81
ALLEN 20-FEB-81
TURNER 08-SEP-81
JAMES 03-DEC-81
WARD 22-FEB-81
6 rows selected.

6.2.Create a query to display the employee number and name for all employees
who earn more than the average salary. Sort the results in descending order of
Pgina 17
salary.

EMPNO ENAME
------------ -----------
7839 KING
7902 FORD
7788 SCOTT
7566 JONES
7698 BLAKE
7782 CLARK
6 rows selected.

6.3. Write a query that will display the employee number and name for all
employees who work in a department with any employee whose name contains a
T. Save your SQL statement in a file called p6q3.sql.

EMPNO ENAME
------------ --------
7566 JONES
7788 SCOTT
7876 ADAMS
7369 SMITH
7902 FORD
7698 BLAKE
7654 MARTIN
7499 ALLEN


7844 TURNER
7900 JAMES
7521 WARD
11 rows selected.

6.4.Display the employee name, department number, and job title for all
employees whose department location is Dallas.

ENAME DEPTNO JOB
------------- ------------- ---------
JONES 20 MANAGER
FORD 20 ANALYST
SMITH 20 CLERK
SCOTT 20 ANALYST
ADAMS 20 CLERK

6.5.Display the employee name and salary of all employees who report to King.

Pgina 18
ENAME SAL
------------ --------
BLAKE 2850
CLARK 2450
JONES 2975

6.6.Display the department number, name, and job for all employees in the Sales
department.

DEPTNO ENAME JOB
------------- ------------- ---------
30 BLAKE MANAGER
30 MARTIN SALESMAN
30 ALLEN SALESMAN
30 TURNER SALESMAN
30 JAMES CLERK
30 WARD SALESMAN
6 rows selected.







6.7.Modify p6q3.sql to display the employee number, name, and salary for all
employees who earn more than the average salary and who work in a
department with any employee with a T in their name. Resave as p6q7.sql. Rerun
your query.

EMPNO ENAME SAL
------------ ------------ -------
7566 JONES 2975
7788 SCOTT 3000
7902 FORD 3000
7698 BLAKE 2850


TEMA 7. SUBCONSULTAS CON MLTIPLES COLUMNAS.
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7.1.Write a query to display the name, department number, and salary of any
employee whose department number and salary matches both the department
number and salary of any employee who earns a commission.

ENAME DEPTNO SAL
------------ ------------- --------
MARTIN 30 1250
WARD 30 1250
Pgina 19
TURNER 30 1500
ALLEN 30 1600

7.2.Display the name, department name, and salary of any employee whose
salary and commission matches both the salary and commission of any employee
located in Dallas.

ENAME DNAME SAL
------------- ---------------- ------
SMITH RESEARCH 800
ADAMS RESEARCH 1100
JONES RESEARCH 2975
FORD RESEARCH 3000
SCOTT RESEARCH 3000

7.3.Create a query to display the name, hire date, and salary for all employees
who have both the same salary and commission as Scott.

ENAME HIREDATE SAL
------------- ---------------- ----------
FORD 03-DEC-81 3000

7.4.Create a query to display the employees that earn a salary that is higher than
the salary of any of the CLERKS. Sort the results on salary from highest to
lowest.

ENAME JOB SAL
-------------- ---------------- ---------
KING PRESIDENT 5000
FORD ANALYST 3000
SCOTT ANALYST 3000
JONES MANAGER 2975
BLAKE MANAGER 2850
CLARK MANAGER 2450
ALLEN SALESMAN 1600
TURNER SALESMAN 1500
8 rows selected.

TEMA 8. SALIDA DE DATOS A MEDIDA.
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Determine whether the following statements are true or false:
8.1.A single ampersand substitution variable prompts only once.
True/False
8.2.The ACCEPT command is a SQL command.
True/False
8.3.Write a script file to display the employee name, job, and hire date for all
employees who started between a given range. Concatenate the name and job
Pgina 20
together, separated by a space and comma and label the column Employees.
Prompt the user for the two ranges using the ACCEPT command. Use the
format MM/DD/YY. Save the script file as p8q3.sql.

Please enter the low date range ('MM/DD/YY'): 01/01/81
Please enter the high date range ('MM/DD/YY'): 01/01/82
EMPLOYEES HIREDATE
----------------- ---------------
KING, PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81
BLAKE, MANAGER 01-MAY-81
CLARK, MANAGER 09-JUN-81
JONES, MANAGER 02-APR-81
MARTIN, SALESMAN 28-SEP-81
ALLEN, SALESMAN 20-FEB-81
TURNER, SALESMAN 08-SEP-81
JAMES, CLERK 03-DEC-81
WARD, SALESMAN 22-FEB-81
FORD, ANALYST 03-DEC-81
10 rows selected.

8.4.Write a script to display the employee name, job, and department name. The
search condition should allow for case_insensitive name searches. Save the script
file as p8q4.sql.


Please enter the location name: Dallas
EMPLOYEE NAME JOB DEPARTMENT NAME
----------------- ------------------- ------------------------------
JONES MANAGER RESEARCH
FORD ANALYST RESEARCH
SMITH CLERK RESEARCH
SCOTT ANALYST RESEARCH
ADAMS CLERK RESEARCH

8.5.Modify p8q4.sql to create a report containing the department name, employee
name, hire date, salary and each employees annual salary for all employees in a
given location. Prompt the user for the location. Label the columns
DEPARTMENT NAME, EMPLOYEE NAME, START DATE, SALARY and
ANNUAL SALARY, placing the labels on multiple lines. Resave the script as
p8q5.sql.

Please enter the location name: Chicago
DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEE START ANNUAL
NAME NAME DATE SALARY SALARY
------------- -------------- ------------------ ------------- -------------
SALES BLAKE 01-MAY-81 $2,850.00 $34,200.00
MARTIN 28-SEP-81 $1,250.00 $15,000.00
ALLEN 20-FEB-81 $1,600.00 $19,200.00
TURNER 08-SEP-81 $1,500.00 $18,000.00
Pgina 21
JAMES 03-DEC-81 $950.00 $11,400.00
WARD 22-FEB-81 $1,250.00 $15,000.00

TEMA 9. MANIPULACIN DE DATOS.
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Insert data into the MY_EMPLOYEE table.
9.1.Run the /home/db/InformacinGeneral/practicasdb2000/practica9/lab9_1.sql
script to build the MY_EMPLOYEE table that will be used for the lab.
9.2.Describe the structure of the MY_EMPLOYEE table to identify the column
names.
Name Null? Type
----------------- --------------- ------------------
ID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(25)
FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(25)
USERID VARCHAR2(8)
SALARY NUMBER(9,2)

9.3.Add the first row of data to the MY_EMPLOYEE table from the sample data
below. Do not list the columns in the INSERT clause.

ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME USERID SALARY
1 Patel Ralph rpatel 795
2 Dancs Betty bdancs 860
3 Biri Ben bbiri 1100
4 Newman Chad cnewman 750
5 Ropeburn Audry aropebur 1550
9.4.Populate the MY_EMPLOYEE table with the second row of sample data
from the list above. This time, list the columns explicitly in the INSERT clause.

9.5.Confirm your addition to the table.

ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME USERID SALARY
----- ------------------ ------------------- ------------ -------------
1 Patel Ralph rpatel 795
2 Dancs Betty bdancs 860

9.6. Create a script named loademp.sql to load rows into the MY_EMPLOYEE
table interactively. Prompt the user for the employees first name, last name, and
salary. Concatenate the first letter of the first name and the first seven
characters of the last name to produce the userid.

9.7.Populate the table with the next two rows of sample data by running the
Pgina 22
script you created.

9.8.Confirm your additions to the table.

ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME USERID SALARY
----- ------------------ ------------------- ------------ -------------
1 Patel Ralph rpatel 795
2 Dancs Betty bdancs 860
3 Biri Ben bbiri 1100
4 Newman Chad cnewman 750

9.9.Make the data additions permanent.
Update and delete data in the MY_EMPLOYEE table.
9.10.Change the last name of employee 3 to Drexler.
9.11.Change the salary to 1000 for all employees with a salary less than 900.
9.12.Verify your changes to the table.

LAST_NAME SALARY
------------------ ------------
Patel 1000
Dancs 1000
Biri 1100
Newman 1000

9.13.Delete Betty Dancs from the MY_EMPLOYEE table.
9.14.Confirm your changes to the table.

ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME USERID SALARY
------ ------------------ ------------------- ------------ -------------
1 Patel Ralph rpatel 1000
3 Drexler Ben bbiri 1100
4 Newman Chad cnewman 1000
9.15. Commit all pending changes.
Control data transaction to the MY_EMPLOYEE tables.
9.16.Populate the table with the last row of sample data by running the script
you created in step 6.
9.17.Confirm your addition to the table.

ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME USERID SALARY
------ ------------------- -------------------- ------------ -------------
1 Patel Ralph rpatel 1000
3 Drexler Ben bbiri 1100
4 Newman Chad cnewman 1000
5 Ropeburn Audry aropebur 1500
Pgina 23

9.18.Mark an intermediate point in the processing of the transaction.
9.19.Empty the entire table.
9.20.Confirm that the table is empty.
9.21.Discard the most recent DELETE operation without discarding the earlier
INSERT operation.

9.22. Confirm that the new row is still intact.

ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME USERID SALARY
--- ------------------ ------------------- --------- ------
1 Patel Ralph rpatel 795
3 Biri Ben bbiri 1100
4 Newman Chad cnewman 750
5 Ropeburn Audry aropebur 1500
9.23.Make the data addition permanent.

TEMA 10. CREANDO Y MANEJANDO TABLAS.
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10.1.Create the DEPARTMENT table based on the table instance chart given
below. Enter the syntax in a script called p10q1.sql, then execute the script to
create the table. Confirm that the table is created.


Column Name Id Name
Key Type
Nulls/Unique
FK Table
FK Column
Datatype Number Varchar2
Length 7 25


Name Null? Type
---------- -------- -----------
ID NUMBER(7)
NAME VARCHAR2(25)

10.2.Populate the DEPARTMENT table with data from the DEPT table. Include
only columns that you need.




Pgina 24






10.3.Create the EMPLOYEE table based on the table instance chart given below.
Enter the syntax in a script called p10q3.sql, and then execute the script to create
the table. Confirm that the table is created.
Column Name ID LAST_NAME FIRST_NAME DEPT_ID
Key Type
Nulls/Unique
FK Table
FK Column
Datatype Number Varchar2 Varchar2 Number
Length 7 25 25 7
Name Null? Type
------------- -------- ------------
ID NUMBER(7)
LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(25)
FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(25)
DEPT_ID NUMBER(7)

10.4.Modify the EMPLOYEE table to allow for longer employee last names.
Confirm your modification.

Name Null? Type
------------------- -------- -----------
ID NUMBER(7)
LAST_NAME VARCHAR2(50)
FIRST_NAME VARCHAR2(25)
DEPT_ID NUMBER(7)

10.5.Confirm that both the DEPARTMENT and EMPLOYEE tables are stored
in the data dictionary. (Hint: USER_TABLES)

TABLE_NAME
-------------------------
DEPARTMENT
EMPLOYEE

Pgina 25


10.6.Create the EMPLOYEE2 table based on the structure of the EMP table,
include only the EMPNO, ENAME and DEPTNO columns. Name the columns
in your new table ID, LAST_NAME and DEPT_ID, respectively.
10.7.Drop the EMPLOYEE table.
10.8.Rename the EMPLOYEE2 table to EMPLOYEE.
10.9.Add a comment to the DEPARTMENT and EMPLOYEE table definitions
describing the tables. Confirm your additions in the data dictionary.

TEMA 11. INCLUYENDO CONSTRAINTS.
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11.1.Add a table level PRIMARY KEY constraint to the EMPLOYEE table
using the ID column. The constraint should be enabled at creation.
11.2.Create a PRIMARY KEY constraint on the DEPARTMENT table using the
ID column. The constraint should be enabled at creation.
11.3.Add a foreign key reference on the EMPLOYEE table that will ensure that
the employee is not assigned to a nonexistent department.
11.4.Confirm that the constraints were added by querying
USER_CONSTRAINTS. Note the types and names of the constraints. Save
your statement text in a file called p11q4.sql.

CONSTRAINT_NAME C
----------------------- --
DEPARTMENT_ID_PK P
EMPLOYEE_ID_PK P
EMPLOYEE_DEPT_ID_FK R

11.5.Display the object names and types from the USER_OBJECTS data
dictionary view EMPLOYEE and DEPARTMENT tables. You may want to
format the columns for readability. Notice that the new tables and a new index
were created.

OBJECT_NAME OBJECT_TYPE
------------------------ ---------------------
DEPARTMENT TABLE
DEPARTMENT_ID_PK INDEX
EMPLOYEE TABLE
EMPLOYEE_ID_PK INDEX

11.6.Modify the EMPLOYEE table. Add a SALARY column of NUMBER data
type, precision 7.



Pgina 26
TEMA 12. CREANDO VISTA
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12.1.Create a view called EMP_VU based on the employee number, employee
name, and department number from the EMP table. Change the heading for the
employee name to EMPLOYEE.
12.2. Display the contents of the EMP_VU view.

EMPNO EMPLOYEE DEPTNO
---------- ----------------- -------------
7839 KING 10
7698 BLAKE 30
7782 CLARK 10
7566 JONES 20
7654 MARTIN 30
7499 ALLEN 30
7844 TURNER 30
7900 JAMES 30
7521 WARD 30
7902 FORD 20
7369 SMITH 20
7788 SCOTT 20
7876 ADAMS 20
7934 MILLER 10
14 rows selected.

12.3.Select the view_name and text from the data dictionary USER_VIEWS.

VIEW_NAME TEXT
----------- ----------------------------------------
EMP_VU SELECT empno, ename employee, deptno
FROM emp

12.4.Using your view EMP_VU, enter a query to display all employee names and
department numbers.

EMPLOYEE DEPTNO
----------------- --------------
KING 10
BLAKE 30
CLARK 10
JONES 20
MARTIN 30
14 rows selected.

12.5.Create a view named DEPT20 that contains the employee number,
employee name, and department number for all employees in department 20.
Label the view column EMPLOYEE_ID, EMPLOYEE, and
DEPARTMENT_ID. Do not allow an employee to be reassigned to another
Pgina 27
department through the view.
12.6.Display the structure and contents of the DEPT20 view.

Name Null? Type
--------------------- -------- ----------
EMPLOYEE_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
EMPLOYEE VARCHAR2(10)
DEPARTMENT_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(2)

EMPLOYEE_ID EMPLOYEE DEPARTMENT_ID
------------------- ----------------- --------------------------
7566 JONES 20
7902 FORD 20
7369 SMITH 20
7788 SCOTT 20
7876 ADAMS 20

12.7.Attempt to reassign Smith to department 30.
12.8.Create a view called SALARY_VU based on the employee name,
department name, salary and salary grade for all employees. Label the columns
Employee, Department, Salary and Grade, respectively.

TEMA 13. OTROS OBJETOS DE BASE DE DATOS.
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13.1.Create a sequence to be used with the DEPARTMENT tables primary key
column. The sequence should start at 60 and have a maximum value of 200. Have
your sequence increment by ten numbers. Name the sequence DEPT_ID_SEQ.
13.2.Write a script to display the following information about your sequences:
sequence name, maximum value, increment size, and last number. Name the
script p13q2.sql. Execute your script.

SEQUENCE_NAME MAX_VALUE INCREMENT_BY AST_NUMBER
--------------------------- ------------------- ----------------------- --------------------
CUSTID 1.000E+27 1 109
DEPT_ID_SEQ 200 1 60
ORDID 1.000E+27 1 622
PRODID 1.000E+27 1 200381


13.3.Write an interactive script to insert a row into the DEPARTMENT table.
Name your script p13q3.sql. Be sure to use the sequence that you created for the
ID column. Create a customized prompt to enter the department name. Execute
your script. Add two departments named Education and Administration.
Confirm your additions.
13.4.Create a non-unique index on the FOREIGN KEY column in the
EMPLOYEE table.
13.5.Display the indexes and uniqueness that exist in the data dictionary for the
Pgina 28
EMPLOYEE table. Save the statement into a script named p13q5.sql.

INDEX_NAME TABLE_NAME UNIQUENES
------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------------
EMPLOYEE_DEPT_ID_IDX EMPLOYEE NONUNIQUE
EMPLOYEE_ID_PK EMPLOYEE UNIQUE


TEMA 15. REPASO.
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15.1.Create the tables based on the table instance charts below. Choose the
appropriate datatypes and be sure to add integrity constraints.

a. Table name: MEMBER
Column_
Name
MEMBE
R_ID
LAST_
NAME
FIRST_
NAME
ADDRESS CITY PHONE JOIN_
DATE
Key
Type
PK
Null/
Unique
NN,U NN NN
Default
Value
System
Date
Data
Type
Number Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Date
Length 10 25 25 100 30 15















b. Table name TITLE
Pgina 29
Column_
Name
TITLE_ID TITLE DESCRIPTION RATING CATEGORY RELEASE_
DATE
Key
Type
PK
Null/
Unique
NN,U NN NN
Check G, PG, R,
NC17, NR
DRAMA,
COMEDY,
ACTION,
CHILD,
SCIFI,
DOCUMENTAR
Y
Data
Type
Number Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Varchar2 Date
Length 10 60 400 4 20



c. Table:TITLE-COPY


Column Name COPY_ID TITLE_ID STATUS
Key
Type
PK PK,FK
Null/
Unique
NN,U NN,U NN
Check AVAILABLE,
DESTROYED,
RENTED,
RESERVED
Data Type Number Number Varchar2
Length 10 10 15









d. Table name: RENTAL

Pgina 30

Column
Name
BOOK_
DATE
MEMBER_
ID
COPY_
ID
ACT_RET_
DATE
EXP_RET_
DATE
TITLE_
ID
Key
Type
PK PK,FK PK,FK PK,FK
Default
Value
System
Date
2 days
FK Ref
Table
member copy_id title_copy
FK Ref
Col
member_id title_id
Data
Type
Date Number Number Date Date Number
Length 10 10 10

e. Table name: RESERVATION
Column_
Name
RES_
DATE
MEMBER_
ID
TITLE_
ID
Key
Type
PK PK,FK PK,FK
Null/
Unique
NN,U NN,U NN
FK Ref
Table
MEMBER TITLE
FK Ref
Column
member_id title_id
Data Type Date Number Number
Length 10 10
15.2. Verify that the tables and constraints were created properly by checking
the data dictionary.
TABLE_NAME
-----------
MEMBER
RENTAL
RESERVATION
TITLE
TITLE_COPY

CONSTRAINT_NAME C TABLE_NAME
----------------------------------------------------- --- --------------
MEMBER_LAST_NAME_NN C MEMBER
MEMBER_JOIN_DATE_NN C MEMBER
MEMBER_MEMBER_ID_PK P MEMBER
RENTAL_BOOK_DATE_COPY_TITLE_PK P RENTAL
Pgina 31
RENTAL_MEMBER_ID_FK R RENTAL
RENTAL_COPY_ID_TITLE_ID_FK R RENTAL
RESERVATION_RESDATE_MEM_TIT_PK P RESERVATION
RESERVATION_MEMBER_ID R RESERVATION
RESERVATION_TITLE_ID R RESERVATION
...
18 rows selected.

15.3.Create sequences to uniquely identify each row in the MEMBER table and
the TITLE table.
a. Member number for the MEMBER table: start with 101; do not allow
caching of the values. Name the sequence member_id_seq.
b. Title number for the TITLE table: start with 92; no caching. Name the
sequence title_id_seq.
c Verify the existence of the sequences in the data dictionary.

SEQUENCE_NAME INCREMENT_BY LAST_NUMBER
------------------------- ----------------------- ----------------------
TITLE_ID_SEQ 1 92
MEMBER_ID_SEQ 1 101

15.4.Add data to the tables. Create a script for each set of data to add.
a. Add movie titles to the TITLE table. Write a script to enter the movie
information. Save the script as p15q4a.sql. Use the sequences to uniquely identify
each title. Remember that single quotation marks in a character field must be
specially handled. Verify your additions.

TITLE
------------------------
Willie and Christmas Too
Alien Again
The Glob
My Day Off
Miracles on Ice
Soda Gang
6 rows selected.


Pgina 32
Title Description Rating Category Release_date
Willie and
Christmas
Too
All of Willies friends made
a Christmas list for Santa, but
Willie has yet to add his own
wish list.
G CHILD 05-OCT-95
Alien Again Yet another installation of
science fiction history. Can
the heroine save the planet
from the alien life form?
R SCIFI 19-MAY-95
The Glob A meteor crashes near a
small American town and
unleashed carnivorous goo in
this classic.
NR SCIFI 12-AUG-95
My Day Off With a little luck and a lot of
ingenuity, a teenager skips
school for a day in New York
PG COMEDY 12-JUL-95
Miracles on
Ice
A six-year-old has doubts
about Santa Claus but she
discovers that miracles really
do exist.
PG DRAMA 12-SEP-95
Soda Gang After discovering a cache of
drugs, a young couple find
themselves pitted against a
vicious gang.
NR ACTION 01-JUN-95



b. Add data to the MEMBER table. Write a script named p15q4b.sql to prompt
users for the information. Execute the script. Be sure to use the sequence to add
the member numbers.
First
Name
Last Name Address State Phone Join Date
Carmen Velasquez 283 King Street Seattle 206-899-6666 08-MAR-90
LaDoris Ngao 5 Modrany Bratislava 586-355-8882 08-MAR-90
Midori Nagayama 68 Via Centrale Sao Paolo 254-852-5764 17-JUN-91
Mark Lewis 6921 King Way Lagos 63-559-7777 07-APR-90
Audry Ropeburn 86 Chu Street Hong Kong 41-559-87 18-JAN-91
Molly Urguhart 3035 Laurier Quebec 418-542-9988 18-JAN-91


Pgina 33
c. Add the following movie copies in the TITLE_COPY table:
Title Copy Number Status
Willie and Christmas Too 1 Available
Alien 1 Available
2 Rented
The Glob 1 Available
My Day Off 1 Available
2 Available
3 Rented
Miracles on Ice 1 Available
Soda Gang 1 Available
d. Add the following rentals to the RENTAL table:
Note: Title number may be different depending on sequence number.

Title Copy_
number
Customer Date_
Rented
Date_return_expected Date_
returned
92 1 101 3 days ago 1 day ago 2 days ago
93 2 101 1 day ago 1 day from now
95 3 102 2 days ago Today
97 1 106 4 days ago 2 days ago 2 days ago
15.5.Create a view named TITLE_AVAIL to show the movie titles and the
availability of each copy and its expected return date if rented. Query all rows
from the view.

TITLE COPY_ID STATUS EXP_RET_D
------------------------------ -------------- -------------- ------------------
Alien Again 1 AVAILABLE
Alien Again 2 RENTED 05-NOV-97
Miracles on Ice 1 AVAILABLE
My Day Off 1 AVAILABLE
My Day Off 2 AVAILABLE
My Day Off 3 RENTED 06-NOV-97
Soda Gang 1 AVAILABLE 04-NOV-97
The Glob 1 AVAILABLE
Willie and Christmas Too 1 AVAILABLE 05-NOV-97
9 rows selected.



15.6.Make changes to data in the tables.
a. Add a new title. The movie is Interstellar Wars, which is rated PG and
classified as a Sci-fi movie. The release date is 07-JUL-77. The description is
Pgina 34
Futuristic interstellar action movie. Can the rebels save the humans from the
evil Empire? Be sure to add a title copy record for two copies.
b. Enter two reservations. One reservation is for Carmen Velasquez, who wants
to rent Interstellar Wars. The other is for Mark Lewis, who wants to rent
Soda Gang.
c. Customer Carmen Velasquez rents the movie Interstellar Wars, copy 1.
Remove her reservation for the movie. Record the information about the rental.
Allow the default value for the expected return date to be used. Verify that the
rental was recorded by using the view you created.

TITLE COPY_ID STATUS EXP_RET_D
-------------------------------- ------------ -------------------- ----------------
Alien Again 1 AVAILABLE
Alien Again 2 RENTED 05-NOV-97
Interstellar Wars 1 RENTED 08-NOV-97
Interstellar Wars 2 AVAILABLE
Miracles on Ice 1 AVAILABLE
My Day Off 1 AVAILABLE
My Day Off 2 AVAILABLE
My Day Off 3 RENTED 06-NOV-97
Soda Gang 1 AVAILABLE 04-NOV-97
The Glob 1 AVAILABLE
Willie and Christmas Too 1 AVAILABLE 05-NOV-97
9 rows selected.

15.7.Make a modification to one of the tables.
a. Add a PRICE column to the TITLE table to record the purchase price of the
video. The column should have a total length of eight digits and two decimal
places. Verify your modifications.

Name Null? Type
---------------------- ------------------ -----------------------
TITLE_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(10)
TITLE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(60)
DESCRIPTION NOT NULL VARCHAR2(400)
RATING VARCHAR2(4)
CATEGORY VARCHAR2(20)
RELEASE_DATE DATE
PRICE NUMBER(8,2)


b. Create a script named p15q7b.sql to update each video with a price according
to the following list. Note: Have the title id numbers available for this exercise.

Pgina 35
Title Price
Willie and Christmas Too 25
Alien Again 35
The Glob 35
My Day Off 35
Miracles on Ice 98
Soda Gang 35
Interstellar Wars 29



c. Ensure that in the future all titles will contain a price value. Verify the
constraint.

CONSTRAINT_NAME C SEARCH_CONDITIONS
-------------------------------- ---- -------------------------------------
TITLE_PRICE_NN C PRICE IS NOT NULL


15.8.Create a report titles Customer History Report. This report will contain
each customers history of renting videos. Be sure to include the customer name,
movie rented, dates of the rental, and duration of rentals. Total the number of
rentals for all customers for the reporting period. Save the script in a file name
p15q8.sql.


MEMBER TITLE BOOK_DATE DURATION
----------------------- ------------------ ------------------------ --------
LaDoris Ngao The Glob 04-NOV-97
Molly Urguhart Miracles on Ice 02-NOV-97 2
Carmen Velasquez Willie and Christmas 03-NOV-97 1
Too
Willie and Christmas 03-NOV-97 1
Too
Alien Again 05-NOV-97











TEMA 16. DECLARACIN DE VARIABLES.
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Declare variables.
16.1.Evaluate each of the following declarations. Determine which of them are
not legal and explain why.

a. DECLARE
Pgina 36
v_id NUMBER(4);

b. DECLARE
v_x, v_y, v_z VARCHAR2(10);

c. DECLARE
v_birthdate DATE NOT NULL;

d. DECLARE
v_in_stock BOOLEAN := 1;

e. DECLARE
TYPE name_table_type IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(20)
INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
dept_name_table name_table_type;

16.2.In each of the following assignments, determine the data type of the
resulting expression.
a. v_days_to_go := v_due_date - SYSDATE;

b. v_sender := USER || ': ' || TO_CHAR(v_dept_no);

c. v_sum := $100,000 + $250,000;
d. v_flag := TRUE;
e. v_n1 := v_n2 > (2 * v_n3);

f. v_value := NULL;

16.3.Create an anonymous block to output the phrase My PL/SQL Block
Works to the screen.

G_MESSAGE
-----------------------
My PL/SQL Block Works
16.4.Create a block that declares two variables. Assign the value of these
PL/SQL variables to SQL*Plus host variables and print the results of the
PL/SQL variables to the screen. Execute your PL/SQL block. Save your PL/SQL
block to a file named p16q4.sql.

V_CHAR Character (variable length)
V_NUM Number
Assign values to these variables as follows:
Variable Value
-------- -------------------------------------
V_CHAR The literal '42 is the answer'
V_NUM The first two characters from V_CHAR
Pgina 37

G_CHAR
---------------------
42 is the answer
G_NMERO
---------
42

TEMA 17. ESCRIBIENDO MANDATOS EJECUTABLES.
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PL/SQL Block

DECLARE
v_weight NUMBER(3) := 600;
v_message VARCHAR2(255) := 'Product 10012';
BEGIN
SUB-BLOCK
DECLARE
v_weight NUMBER(3) := 1;
v_message VARCHAR2(255) := 'Product 11001';
v_new_locn VARCHAR2(50) := 'Europe';
BEGIN
v_weight := v_weight + 1;
v_new_locn := 'Western ' || v_new_locn;
END;

v_weight := v_weight + 1;
v_message := v_message || ' is in stock';
v_new_locn := 'Western ' || v_new_locn;

END;

17.1.Evaluate the PL/SQL block on the previous page and determine each of the
following values according to the rules of scoping.

a. The value of V_WEIGHT in the subblock is

____________________________________________________________________

b. The value of V_NEW_LOCN in the subblock is

____________________________________________________________________

c. The value of V_WEIGHT in the main block is

____________________________________________________________________

Pgina 38
d. The value of V_MESSAGE in the main block is

____________________________________________________________________

e. The value of V_NEW_LOCN in the main block is

____________________________________________________________________

Scope Example

DECLARE
v_customer VARCHAR2(50) := 'Womansport';
v_credit_rating VARCHAR2(50) := 'EXCELLENT';
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_customer NUMBER(7) := 201;
v_name VARCHAR2(25) := 'Unisports';
BEGIN
v_customer v_name v_credit_rating
END;

v_customer v_name v_credit_rating

END;







17.2.Suppose you embed a subblock within a block, as shown on the previous
page. You declare two variables, V_CUSTOMER and V_CREDIT_RATING, in
the main block. You also declare two variables, V_CUSTOMER and V_NAME,
in the subblock. Determine the values for each of the following cases.
a. The value of V_CUSTOMER in the subblock is

____________________________________________________________________

b. The value of V_NAME in the subblock is

____________________________________________________________________

c. The value of V_CREDIT_RATING in the subblock is

____________________________________________________________________

Pgina 39
d. The value of V_CUSTOMER in the main block is

____________________________________________________________________

e. The value of V_NAME in the main block is
____________________________________________________________________

f. The value of V_CREDIT_RATING in the main block is
____________________________________________________________________

17.3.Create and execute a PL/SQL block that accepts two numbers through
SQL*Plus substitution variables. The first number should be divided by the
second number and have the second number added to the result. The result
should be written to a PL/SQL variable and printed to the screen.

Please enter the first number: 2
Please enter the second number: 4
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
V_RESULT
---------------
4.5



17.4.Build a PL/SQL block that computes the total compensation for one year.
The annual salary and the annual bonus percentage are passed to the PL/SQL
block through SQL*Plus substitution variables and the bonus needs to be
converted from a whole number to a decimal (for example, 15 to .15). If the
salary is null, set it to zero before computing the total compensation. Execute the
PL/SQL block. Reminder: Use the NVL function to handle null values.
Note: To test the NVL function type NULL at the prompt; pressing [Return]
results in a missing expression error.

Please enter the salary amount: 50000
Please enter the bonus percentage: 10
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
G_TOTAL
--------------
55000

TEMA 18.INTERACTUANDO CON ORACLE SERVER.
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18.1.Create a PL/SQL block that selects the maximum department number in
the DEPT table and store it in a SQL*Plus variable. Print the results to the
screen. Save your PL/SQL block to a file named p18q1.sql.

Pgina 40
G_MAX_DEPTNO
-------------------------
40

18.2.Create a PL/SQL block that inserts a new department into the DEPT table.
Save your PL/SQL block to a file named p18q2.sql.
a. Use the department number retrieved from exercise 1 and add 10 to that
number as the input department number for the new department.
b. Use a parameter for the department name.
c. Leave the location null for now.
d. Execute the PL/SQL block.

Please enter the department number: 50
Please enter the department name: EDUCATION
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

e. Display the new department that you created.

DEPTNO DNAME LOC
----------------- ---------------------- ---------
50 EDUCATION

18.3.Create a PL/SQL block that updates the location for an existing
department. Save your PL/SQL block to a file named p18q3.sql.
a. Use a parameter for the department number.
b. Use a parameter for the department location.
c. Test the PL/SQL block.
Please enter the department number: 50
Please enter the department location: HOUSTON

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
d. Display the department number, department name, and location for the
updated department.

DEPTNO DNAME LOC
------ --------- ---------------
50 EDUCATION HOUSTON

e. Display the department that you updated.

18.4.Create a PL/SQL block that deletes the department created in exercise 2.
Save your PL/SQL block to a file named p18q4.sql.
a. Use a parameter for the department number.
b. Print to the screen the number of rows affected.
Pgina 41
c. Test the PL/SQL block.

Please enter the department number: 50
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
G_RESULT
-----------------------------------------------------------
1 row(s) deleted.

d. What happens if you enter a department number that does not exist?

Please enter the department number: 99
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

G_RESULT
-----------------------------------------------------------
0 row(s) deleted.



e.Confirm that the department has been deleted.

no rows selected

TEMA 19.ESTRUCTURAS DE CONTROL.
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19.1.Run the script
/home/db/InformacinGeneral/practicasdb2000/tema19/lab19_1.sql to create the
MESSAGES table. Write a PL/SQL block to insert numbers into the
MESSAGES table.
a . Insert the numbers 1 to 10 excluding 6 and 8.
b. Commit before the end of the block.
c. Select from the MESSAGES table to verify that your PL/SQL block worked.
RESULTS
-----------------
1
2
3
4
5
7
9
10

19.2.Create a PL/SQL block that computes the commission amount for a given
employee based on the employees salary.
a. Run the script
Pgina 42
/home/db/InformacinGeneral/practicasdb2000/tema19/lab19_2.sql to insert a
new employee into the EMP table.
Note: The employee will have a NULL salary.
b. Accept the employee number as user input with a SQL*Plus substitution
variable.
c. If the employees salary is less than $1,000, set the commission amount for the
employee to 10% of the salary.
d. If the employees salary is between $1,000 and $1,500, set the commission
amount for the employee to 15% of the salary.
e. If the employees salary exceeds $1,500, set the commission amount for the
employee to 20% of the salary.
f. If the employees salary is NULL, set the commission amount for the employee
to 0.
g. Commit.
h. Test the PL/SQL block for each case using the following test cases, and check
each updated commission.

Employee Number Salary Resulting Commission
7369 800 80
7934 1300 195
7499 1600 320
8000 NULL NULL



EMPNO ENAME SAL COMM
----------- ----------- -------- ---------
8000 DOE 0
7499 ALLEN 1600 320
7934 MILLER 1300 195
7369 SMITH 800 80

19.3.Modify p16q4.sql to insert the text Number is odd or Number is even,
depending on whether the value is odd or even, into the MESSAGES table.
Query the MESSAGES table to determine if your PL/SQL block worked.

RESULTS
---------------
Number is even

19.4 4. .A Ad dd d a a n ne ew w c co ol lu um mn n t to o t th he e E EM MP P t ta ab bl le e f fo or r s st to or ri in ng g a as st te er ri is sk k ( (* *) ). .
19.5 5. .C Cr re ea at te e a a P PL L/ /S SQ QL L b bl lo oc ck k t th ha at t r re ew wa ar rd ds s a an n e em mp pl lo oy ye ee e b by y a ap pp pe en nd di in ng g a an n
a as st te er ri is sk k i in n t th he e S ST TA AR RS S c co ol lu um mn n f fo or r e ev ve er ry y $ $1 10 00 0 o of f t th he e e em mp pl lo oy ye ee e' 's s s sa al la ar ry y. . R Ro ou un nd d
t th he e e em mp pl lo oy ye ee e s s s sa al la ar ry y t to o t th he e n ne ea ar re es st t w wh ho ol le e n nu um mb be er r. . S Sa av ve e y yo ou ur r P PL L/ /S SQ QL L b bl lo oc ck k t to o
a a f fi il le e c ca al ll le ed d p p1 19 9q q5 5. .s sq ql l. .
Pgina 43
a. Accept the employee ID as user input with a SQL*Plus substitution variable.
b. Initialize a variable to contain a string of asterisks.
c. Append an asterisk to the string for every $100 of the salary amount. For
example, if the employee has a salary amount of $800, the string of asterisks
should contain eight asterisks.
d. Update the STARS column for the employee with the string of asterisks.
e. Commit.
f. Test the block for employees who have no salary and for an employee who
has a salary.

Please enter the employee number: 7934
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Please enter the employee number: 8000
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
EMPNO SAL STARS
------------ --------- ----------------
8000
7934 1300 *************

TEMA 20.TRABAJANDO CON TIPOS COMPUESTOS.
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20.1.Run the script
/home/db/InformacinGeneral/practicasdb2000/tema20/lab20_1.sql to create a
new table for storing employees and their salaries.

SQL> CREATE TABLE top_dogs
2 (name VARCHAR2(25),
3 salary NUMBER(11,2));

20.2.Write a PL/SQL block to retrieve the name and salary of a given employee
from the EMP table based on the employees number, incorporate PL/SQL
tables.
a. Declare two PL/SQL tables, ENAME_TABLE and SAL_TABLE, to
temporarily store the names and salaries.
b. As each name and salary is retrieved within the loop, store them in the
PL/SQL tables.
c. Outside the loop, transfer the names and salaries from the PL/SQL tables into
the TOP_DOGS table.
d. Empty the TOP_DOGS table and test the practice.

Please enter the employee number: 7934
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

NAME SALARY
--------------- ---------
MILLER 1300
Pgina 44

Please enter the employee number: 7876
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

NAME SALARY
--------------- ---------
ADAMS 1100

TEMA 21.CUR
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21.1.Create a PL/SQL block that determines the top employees with respect to
salaries.
a. Accept a number n as user input with a SQL*Plus substitution parameter.
b. In a loop, get the last names and salaries of the top n people with respect to
salary in the EMP table.
c. Store the names and salaries in the TOP_DOGS table.
d. Assume that no two employees have the same salary.
e. Test a variety of special cases, such a n = 0, where n is greater than the
number of employees in the EMP table. Empty the TOP_DOGS table after
each test.
Please enter the number of top money makers: 5

NAME SALARY
----------- ------
KING 5000
FORD 3000
SCOTT 3000
JONES 2975
BLAKE 2850

21.2.Consider the case where several employees have the same salary. If one
person is listed, then all people who have the same salary should also be listed.
a. For example, if the user enters a value of 2 for n, then King, Ford and Scott
should be displayed. (These employees are tied for second highest salary.)
b. If the user enters a value of 3, then King, Ford, Scott, and Jones should be
displayed.
c. Delete all rows from TOP_DOGS and test the practice.
Please enter the number of top money makers: 2

NAME SALARY
------------ -------------
KING 5000
FORD 3000
SCOTT 3000
Please enter the number of top money makers: 3
NAME SALARY
------------ ------
Pgina 45
KING 5000
FORD 3000
SCOTT 3000
JONES 2975




TEMA 22.CUR
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22.1.Write a query to retrieve all the departments and the employees in each
department. Insert the results in the MESSAGES table. Use a cursor to retrieve
the department number and pass the department number to a cursor to retrieve
the employees in that department.
RESULTS
------------------------
KING - Department 10
CLARK - Department 10
MILLER - Department 10
JONES - Department 20
FORD - Department 20
SMITH - Department 20
SCOTT - Department 20
ADAMS - Department 20
BLAKE - Department 30
MARTIN - Department 30
ALLEN - Department 30
TURNER - Department 30
JAMES - Department 30
WARD - Department 30
14 rows selected.

22.2.Modify p19q5.sql to incorporate the FOR UPDATE and WHERE
CURRENT OF functionality in cursor processing.

EMPNO SAL STARS
--------------- ------ ---------------------
8000
7900 950 **********
7844 1500 ***************


TEMA 23.MANEJO DE EXCEPCIONES.
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23.1.Write a PL/SQL block to select the name of the employee with a given
salary value.
a. If the salary entered returns more than one row, handle the exception with an
appropriate exception handler and insert into the MESSAGES table, the
message More than one employee with a salary of <salary>.
b. If the salary entered does not return any rows, handle the exception with an
Pgina 46
appropriate exception handler and insert into the MESSAGES table, the
message No employee with a salary of <salary>.
c. If the salary entered returns only one row, insert into the MESSAGES table
the employees name and the salary amount.
d. Handle any other exception with an appropriate exception handler and insert
into the MESSAGES table, the message Some other error occurred.
e. Test the block for a variety of test cases.
RESULTS
--------------------------------------------
SMITH - 800
More than one employee with a salary of 3000
No employee with a salary of 6000
23.2.Modify p18q3.sql to add an exception handler.
a. Write an exception handler for the error to pass a message to the user that the
specified department does not exist.
b. Execute the PL/SQL block by entering a department that does not exist.

Please enter the department number: 50
Please enter the department location: HOUSTON
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. G_MESSAGE
--------------------------------------
Department 50 is an invalid department

23.3.Write a PL/SQL block that prints the names of the employees who make
plus or minus $100 of the salary value entered.
a. If there is no employee within that salary range, print a message to the user
indicating that is the case. Use an exception for this case.
b. If there are one or more employees within that range, the message should
indicate how many employees are in that salary range.
c. Handle any other exception with an appropriate exception handler, the
message should indicate that some other error occurred.

Please enter the salary: 800
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
G_MESSAGE
----------------------------------------------------------
There is 1 employee(s) with a salary between 700 and 900
Please enter the salary: 3000
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
G_MESSAGE
----------------------------------------------------------
There are 3 employee(s) with a salary between 2900 and 3100
Please enter the salary: 6000
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

G_MESSAGE
-------------------------------------------------
Pgina 47
There are no employee salary between 5900 and 6100

TEMA 24.OPERADORES
S
DE CONJUNTOS.
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C
C
O
O
N
N
J
J
U
U
N
N
T
T
O
O
S
S
.
.


24.1.Display the department that has no employees.

DEPTNO DNAME
--------- --------------
40 OPERATIONS

24.2.Find the job that was filled in the last half of 1981 and the same job that was
filled during the same period in 1982.
JOB
---------
ANALYST

24.3.Write a compound query to produce a list of products showing discount
percentages, product id, and old and new actual price. Products under $10 are
reduced by 10%, products between $10 and $30 are reduced by 15%, products
over $30 are reduced by 20%, and products over $40 are not reduced at all.

DISCOUNT PRODID STDPRICE ACTPRICE
----------------- --------- ---------------- -----------------
10% off 100870 2.4 2.16
10% off 100870 2.8 2.52
10% off 100871 4.8 4.32
10% off 100871 5.6 5.04
10% off 102130 3.4 3.06
10% off 200376 2.4 2.16
10% off 200380 4 3.6
15% off 100860 30 25.5
15% off 101860 24 20.4
15% off 101863 12.5 10.625
20% off 100860 32 25.6
20% off 100860 35 28
20% off 100861 39 31.2
no disc 100861 42 42
no disc 100861 45 45
no disc 100890 54 54
no disc 100890 58 58

24.4.Produce a list of jobs for departments 10, 30, and 20 in that order. Display
job and department number.

JOB DEPTNO
--------- --------
CLERK 10
MANAGER 10
Pgina 48
PRESIDENT 10
CLERK 30
MANAGER 30
SALESMAN 30
ANALYST 20
CLERK 20
MANAGER 20

24.5. List the department number for departments without the job title
ANALYST .

DEPTNO
------------
10
30
40

24.6.List all job titles in department 10 and 20 that do not occur in both
departments.

JOB
------------------
ANALYST
PRESIDENT

TEMA 25. SUBCONSULTA
A
S COR ELACIONADAS.
T
T
E
E
M
M
A
A


2
2
5
5
.
.


S
S
U
U
B
B
C
C
O
O
N
N
S
S
U
U
L
L
T
T
AS
S


C
C
O
O
R
R
R
R
R
E
E
L
L
A
A
C
C
I
I
O
O
N
N
A
A
D
D
A
A
S
S
.
.


25.1.Write a query to display the top three earners in the EMP table. Display
their names and salaries.

ENAME SAL
---------- ---------
KING 5000
FORD 3000
SCOTT 3000

25.2.Find all employees who are not a supervisor.
a. Do this using the EXISTS operator first.

ENAME
----------
MARTIN
ALLEN
TURNER
JAMES
WARD
SMITH
ADAMS
Pgina 49
MILLER
b. Can this be done using the IN operator? Why, or why not?

25.3. Write a query to find all employees who make more than the average salary
in their department. Display employee number, salary, department number,
and the average salary for the department. Sort by average salary.

ENAME SALARY DEPTNO DEPT_AVG
------------- ------------- -------------- -----------------
ALLEN 1600 30 1566.6667
BLAKE 2850 30 1566.6667
JONES 2975 20 2175
FORD 3000 20 2175
SCOTT 3000 20 2175
KING 5000 10 2916.6667

25.4.Write a query to display employees who earn less than half the average
salary in their department.

ENAME
----------
SMITH
MILLER









25.5. Write a query to display employees who have one or more co-workers in
their department with later hiredates but higher salaries.

ENAME
----------
CLARK
JONES
ALLEN
WARD
SMITH
Pgina 50