BSC6000 Architecture and Principle

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle
Contents
Contents
1 General Structure .......................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................1-2 1.1.1 Overview of BSC6000 Hardware Structure.........................................................................................1-2 1.1.2 Cabinet .................................................................................................................................................1-4 1.1.3 GIMS ...................................................................................................................................................1-6 1.1.4 Service Subrack ...................................................................................................................................1-7 1.1.5 Boards ................................................................................................................................................1-10 1.2 Software Structure....................................................................................................................................... 1-11 1.2.1 Host Software..................................................................................................................................... 1-11 1.2.2 O&M Software...................................................................................................................................1-12 1.3 Logical Structure .........................................................................................................................................1-12 1.3.1 Overview of the Logical Structure .....................................................................................................1-12 1.3.2 TDM Switching Subsystem ...............................................................................................................1-13 1.3.3 GE Switching Subsystem...................................................................................................................1-13 1.3.4 Service Processing Subsystem ...........................................................................................................1-14 1.3.5 Service Control Subsystem ................................................................................................................1-14 1.3.6 Interface and Signaling Processing Subsystem..................................................................................1-14 1.3.7 Clock Subsystem................................................................................................................................1-14 1.3.8 O&M Subsystem................................................................................................................................1-14 1.3.9 Environment Monitoring Subsystem .................................................................................................1-15
2 TDM Switching Subsystem .....................................................................................................2-1

2.1 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................2-2 2.2 Logical Structure ...........................................................................................................................................2-2 2.2.1 Overview of the Logical Structure .......................................................................................................2-2 2.2.2 TDM Switching Unit ...........................................................................................................................2-4 2.2.3 TDM Access Bearer Unit .....................................................................................................................2-6 2.2.4 TDM Processing Bearer Unit...............................................................................................................2-7
3 GE Switching Subsystem .........................................................................................................3-1

3.1 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................3-2 3.1.1 Hardware Entities.................................................................................................................................3-2 3.1.2 Interconnection Schemes .....................................................................................................................3-2
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3.2 Logical Structure ...........................................................................................................................................3-3 3.2.1 CPU......................................................................................................................................................3-4 3.2.2 Network Unit .......................................................................................................................................3-4 3.2.3 Interface Unit .......................................................................................................................................3-4 3.3 GE Switching Features..................................................................................................................................3-4
4 Service Processing Subsystem.................................................................................................4-1

4.1 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................4-2 4.2 Logical Structure ...........................................................................................................................................4-2
5 Service Control Subsystem ......................................................................................................5-1

5.1 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................5-2 5.2 Logical Function ...........................................................................................................................................5-2 5.2.1 Paging Control .....................................................................................................................................5-2 5.2.2 System Information Management ........................................................................................................5-2 5.2.3 Channel Assignment ............................................................................................................................5-3 5.2.4 BTS Public Service Management ........................................................................................................5-3 5.2.5 Call Control..........................................................................................................................................5-3 5.2.6 PS Service Control...............................................................................................................................5-3 5.2.7 Handover and Power Control...............................................................................................................5-4 5.2.8 Cell Broadcast Short Message Service.................................................................................................5-4 5.2.9 BTS Operation and Maintenance .........................................................................................................5-4 5.2.10 TC Resource Pool Management.........................................................................................................5-5
6 Interface and Signaling Processing Sub-system..................................................................6-1

6.1 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................6-2 6.2 Logical Structure ...........................................................................................................................................6-3 6.2.1 A Interface Processing Unit..................................................................................................................6-3 6.2.2 Abis Interface Processing Unit.............................................................................................................6-5 6.2.3 Ater Interface Processing Unit .............................................................................................................6-6 6.2.4 Pb Interface Processing Unit................................................................................................................6-8 6.2.5 Cb Interface Processing Unit ...............................................................................................................6-9
7 Clock Subsystem ........................................................................................................................7-1

7.1 Structure of the Clock Subsystem .................................................................................................................7-2 7.1.1 Hardware Structure ..............................................................................................................................7-2 7.1.2 Clock Subsystem Structure ..................................................................................................................7-2 7.2 Features of the Clock Subsystem ..................................................................................................................7-3 7.3 Clock Subsystem Control..............................................................................................................................7-4
8 System Signal Flow ...................................................................................................................8-1

8.1 CS Service Signal Flow.................................................................................................................................8-2 8.1.1 CS Service Signal Flow on the Uplink ................................................................................................8-2 8.1.2 CS Service Signal Flow on the Downlink............................................................................................8-2 8.2 PS Service Signal Flow .................................................................................................................................8-3
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8.2.1 PS Service Signal Flow on the Uplink.................................................................................................8-3 8.2.2 PS Service Signal Flow on the Downlink ............................................................................................8-3 8.3 Signaling Signal Flow ...................................................................................................................................8-3 8.3.1 Signaling Signal Flow on the Abis Interface........................................................................................8-4 8.3.2 Signaling Signal Flow on the A Interface.............................................................................................8-4 8.3.3 Signaling Signal Flow on the Pb Interface...........................................................................................8-5 8.4 O&M Signal Flow.........................................................................................................................................8-6
9 O&M Subsystem ........................................................................................................................9-1

9.1 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................9-2 9.2 Software Structure.........................................................................................................................................9-3 9.3 Security Management....................................................................................................................................9-3 9.3.1 Overview of Security Management .....................................................................................................9-3 9.3.2 Authority Management ........................................................................................................................9-3 9.3.3 Log Management .................................................................................................................................9-4 9.4 Configuration Management...........................................................................................................................9-5 9.4.1 Overview of Configuration Management ............................................................................................9-5 9.4.2 Offline Data Configuration ..................................................................................................................9-5 9.4.3 Online Data Configuration...................................................................................................................9-5 9.4.4 Data Backup and Restoration...............................................................................................................9-5 9.5 Performance Management.............................................................................................................................9-5 9.5.1 Overview of the BSC6000 Performance Management ........................................................................9-5 9.5.2 Performance Measurement Process .....................................................................................................9-6 9.6 Alarm Management .......................................................................................................................................9-6 9.6.1 Overview of Alarm Management.........................................................................................................9-6 9.6.2 Alarm Process ......................................................................................................................................9-6 9.6.3 Alarm Box Drive..................................................................................................................................9-7 9.7 Loading Management....................................................................................................................................9-8 9.7.1 Overview of Loading Management .....................................................................................................9-8 9.7.2 Loading Software to the Boards in the GMPS or the GEPS ................................................................9-9 9.7.3 Loading Software to the Boards in a Remote GTCS ......................................................................... 9-11
10 Environment Monitor Subsystem.......................................................................................10-1

10.1 Power System............................................................................................................................................10-2 10.1.1 Power Lead-In Part ..........................................................................................................................10-2 10.1.2 Power Distribution Part....................................................................................................................10-3 10.2 Power Monitoring Function ......................................................................................................................10-3 10.3 Fan Monitoring Function ..........................................................................................................................10-4
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Figures
Figures
Figure 1-1 Hardware structure of the BSC6000 .................................................................................................1-2 Figure 1-2 BSC6000 cabinet ..............................................................................................................................1-3 Figure 1-3 Alarm box .........................................................................................................................................1-4 Figure 1-4 Configuration of the GBCR..............................................................................................................1-5 Figure 1-5 Configuration of a GBSR .................................................................................................................1-6 Figure 1-6 Structure of a service subrack ...........................................................................................................1-7 Figure 1-7 Fully configured GMPS....................................................................................................................1-8 Figure 1-8 Fully configured GEPS.....................................................................................................................1-9 Figure 1-9 Fully configured GTCS (with E1 transmissions on the A interface).................................................1-9 Figure 1-10 Fully configured GTCS (with STM-1 transmissions on the A interface)......................................1-10 Figure 1-11 Structure of the host software ....................................................................................................... 1-11 Figure 1-12 Logical structure of the BSC6000.................................................................................................1-13 Figure 2-1 Logical structure of the TDM switching subsystem in the GMPS or GEPS.....................................2-3 Figure 2-2 Logical structure of the TDM switching subsystem in a GTCS .......................................................2-3 Figure 2-3 TDM switching in the GTNU ...........................................................................................................2-4 Figure 2-4 Intra-subrack TDM interconnection..................................................................................................2-5 Figure 2-5 Inter-subrack TDM interconnections ................................................................................................2-5 Figure 2-6 TDM switching in an interface board ...............................................................................................2-6 Figure 2-7 TDM switching in the GDPUC.........................................................................................................2-7 Figure 3-1 GE interconnections in a subrack .....................................................................................................3-2 Figure 3-2 GE interconnections between subracks ............................................................................................3-3 Figure 3-3 GE interconnection between the main subrack and an extension subrack........................................3-3 Figure 4-1 Logical function of the DSP module.................................................................................................4-2 Figure 6-1 Interfaces of the BSC6000................................................................................................................6-3 Figure 6-2 Logical structure of the A interface processing unit..........................................................................6-4 Figure 6-3 Logical structure of the Abis interface processing unit.....................................................................6-5
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Figures
Figure 6-4 Logical structure of the Ater interface processing unit .....................................................................6-7 Figure 6-5 Logical structure of the Pb interface processing unit........................................................................6-8 Figure 6-6 Logical structure of the Cb interface processing unit .......................................................................6-9 Figure 7-1 Transmission of the reference clock for the GMPS or GEPS ...........................................................7-3 Figure 7-2 Clock subsystem control...................................................................................................................7-4 Figure 8-1 CS service signal flow ......................................................................................................................8-2 Figure 8-2 PS service signal flow.......................................................................................................................8-3 Figure 8-3 Signaling signal flow on the Abis interface ......................................................................................8-4 Figure 8-4 Signaling signal flow on the A interface ...........................................................................................8-5 Figure 8-5 Signaling signal flow on the Pb interface .........................................................................................8-5 Figure 8-6 O&M signal flow of the BSC6000 ...................................................................................................8-6 Figure 9-1 Hardware structure of the O&M subsystem .....................................................................................9-2 Figure 9-2 BSC6000 performance measurement ...............................................................................................9-6 Figure 9-3 Alarm management mechanism........................................................................................................9-7 Figure 9-4 Alarm box drive ................................................................................................................................9-7 Figure 9-5 Software loading control...................................................................................................................9-9 Figure 10-1 Power lead-in part.........................................................................................................................10-2 Figure 10-2 Power monitoring principle ..........................................................................................................10-3 Figure 10-3 Fan monitoring principle ..............................................................................................................10-4
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Tables
Tables
Table 1-1 Service subracks of the BSC6000.......................................................................................................1-7 Table 1-2 BSC6000 boards...............................................................................................................................1-10 Table 2-1 Boards of the TDM switching subsystem...........................................................................................2-2 Table 2-2 Logical units of the TDM switching subsystem .................................................................................2-2 Table 4-1 Functional modules in the GDPUC ....................................................................................................4-2 Table 6-1 Boards in the hardware of the interface and signaling processing subsystem ....................................6-2 Table 6-2 Functions of the boards in the interface and signaling processing subsystem ....................................6-2 Table 6-3 Modules in the A interface processing unit.........................................................................................6-3 Table 6-4 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the A interface...............................................6-4 Table 6-5 Modules in the Abis interface processing unit....................................................................................6-5 Table 6-6 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Abis interface..........................................6-5 Table 6-7 Modules in the Ater interface processing unit ....................................................................................6-6 Table 6-8 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Ater interface ..........................................6-7 Table 6-9 Modules in the Pb interface processing unit.......................................................................................6-8 Table 6-10 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Pb interface ...........................................6-9 Table 9-1 O&M software of the BSC6000 .........................................................................................................9-3 Table 9-2 Authorities of the external users of the BSC6000...............................................................................9-3 Table 9-3 BSC6000 logs.....................................................................................................................................9-4
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1 General Structure
1
About This Chapter
Section 1.1 Hardware Structure 1.2 Software Structure 1.3 Logical Structure Description
General Structure
The following table lists the sections of this chapter.
Introduces the hardware structure of the BSC6000 Introduces the software structure of the BSC6000 Introduces the logical structure of the BSC6000
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1.1 Hardware Structure

1.1.1 Overview of BSC6000 Hardware Structure
The BSC6000 uses Huawei Platform of Advanced Radio Controller (PARC). Figure 1-1 shows the hardware structure of the BSC6000. Figure 1-1 Hardware structure of the BSC6000
O&M equipment room Equipment room Optical cable to an NE Trunk cable to an NE Power cable to the PDF
Alarm box
Signal cable for the alarm box
LMT LMT Straightthrough cable GBCR GBSR
GBSR
LMT: Local Maintenance Terminal GBSR: GSM BSC Service Processing Rack
GBCR: GSM BSC Control Processing Rack PDF: Power Distribution Frame
Cabinet
The BSC6000 uses Huawei N68-22 cabinets as its GSM BSC Control Processing Rack (GBCR) and GSM BSC Service Processing Racks (GBSRs). The cabinet design complies with the IEC60297 and IEEE standards. The dimensions of both the GBCR and GBSRs are 2200 mm (Height) % 600 mm (Width) % 800 mm (Depth).
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Figure 1-2 shows a BSC6000 cabinet. Figure 1-2 BSC6000 cabinet
LMT
The Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) connects to the BSC6000 through a LAN switch or a modem. The LMT uses a GUI interface. It performs the following functions for the BSC6000:
z z z z z z z
Security management Configuration management Maintenance management Software management Device management Offline browsing of performance measurement results Alarm management
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Alarm Box
The BSC6000 uses the Huawei general GM12ALMZ alarm box. The alarm box can connect to one of the following devices:
z z z
LMT M2000 server GSM Back Administration Module (GBAM)
The alarm box emits audio and visual alarms when a running device in the system has faults. Figure 1-3 shows the alarm box. Figure 1-3 Alarm box
1.1.2 Cabinet
GBCR
The GBCR processes the BSC6000 services and performs operations and maintenance. The BSC6000 has one GBCR. The GBCR has the following components:
z z z z
Two service subracks One keyboard, video, and mouse (KVM) One LAN switch One GBAM
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Figure 1-4 shows the configuration of the GBCR. Figure 1-4 Configuration of the GBCR
1 1 5 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 3 1
1. Dummy panel 4. LAN switch 7. Air defence subrack
2. GBAM 3. Cabling subrack 5. KVM 6. Service subrack 8. Power distribution box
GBSR
The GBSR processes the BSC6000 services. It holds only service subracks. The BSC6000 has 03 GBSRs. One GBSR contains a maximum of three service subracks.
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Figure 1-5 shows the configuration of a GBSR. Figure 1-5 Configuration of a GBSR
1 1
1. Dummy panel 3. Air defence subrack
2. Service subrack 4. Power distribution box
1.1.3 GIMS
In the GBCR, the KVM, LAN switch, and GBAM compose the GSM Integrated Management System (GIMS).
z
KVM The KVM is a device comprising a keyboard, a display (video), and a mouse. It is the operating platform of the GBAM.
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1 General Structure
LAN switch The LAN switch provides 10 Mbit/s or 100 Mbit/s adaptive full-duplexing Ethernet ports. The LMT connects to the GBAM through the LAN switch and the GBAM connects to the M2000 through the LAN switch.
GBAM The GBAM is a server on which the OMU software is installed. It performs operations and maintenance of the BSC6000.
1.1.4 Service Subrack

Hardware Structure
The BSC6000 has three types of service subracks, as shown in Table 1-1. Table 1-1 Service subracks of the BSC6000 Abbreviation GMPS GEPS GTCS Full Name GSM Main Processing Subrack GSM Extended Processing Subrack GSM TransCoder Subrack
The design of the three types of service subracks complies with the IEC60297 standard. The subracks have the same structure. Their width is 19 inches. The height of a single subrack is 12 U. A backplane is present in the middle of the subrack, and boards are inserted from the front and the rear of the subrack, as shown in Figure 1-6. Figure 1-6 Structure of a service subrack
14 Rear boards 20 27
Backplane
Front boards 00 06 13
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The backplane separates the service subrack into a front subrack and a rear subrack. Both the front subrack and the rear subrack provide 14 slots. The slots are numbered 0027 from the front to the rear. The front subrack holds service boards, and the rear subrack holds interface boards for external connections. Neighboring odd and even slots work in active/standby mode. For example, slots 00 and 01 work in active/standby mode, and so do slots 02 and 03. You must insert the boards working in active/standby mode into neighboring odd and even slots.
1 U = 44.45 mm = 1.75 inches.
GMPS
The GSM Main Processing Subrack (GMPS) performs the following functions:
z z z
Processing the basic services of the BSC6000 Performing operations and maintenance Providing the system clock
The BSC6000 has one GMPS, which is installed in the GBCR. The fully configured GMPS can process the services of a maximum of 512 TRXs. Figure 1-7 shows the fully configured GMPS with E1 transmissions the interfaces of the GMPS. Figure 1-7 Fully configured GMPS
14 Rear boards G E I U P 15 G E I U P 16 G E I U T 17 G E I U T 18 G E I U B 19 G E I U B 20 G E I U B 21 G E I U B 22 G E I U B 23 G E I U B 24 G E I U B 25 G E I U B 26 G E I U B 27 G E I U B
Backplane G X P U M 00 G X P U M 01 02 03 G T N U 04 G T N U 05 G S C U 06 G S C U 07 G X P U C 08 G X P U C 09 10 11 G G C U 12 G G C U 13
Front boards
GEPS
A GSM Extended Processing Subrack (GEPS) processes the basic services of the BSC. Each BSC6000 has 03 GEPSs, which can be configured in the GBCR or GBSR. Compared with the GMPS, a GEPS has no GGCU. A fully configured GEPS can process the services of a maximum of 512 TRXs.
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Figure 1-8 shows the fully configured GEPS with E1 transmissions on the interfaces of the GEPS. Figure 1-8 Fully configured GEPS
14 Rear boards G E I U P 15 G E I U P 16 G E I U T 17 G E I U T 18 G E I U B 19 G E I U B 20 G E I U B 21 G E I U B 22 G E I U B 23 G E I U B 24 G E I U B 25 G E I U B 26 G E I U B 27 G E I U B
Backplane G X P U M 00 G X P U M 01 02 03 G T N U 04 G T N U 05 G S C U 06 G S C U 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
Front boards
GTCS
A GSM TransCoder Subrack (GTCS) performs transcoding, rate adaptation, and sub-multiplexing. It can be configured in the GBCR or GBSR. One BSC6000 has 14 GTCSs. When the BSC6000 uses E1 transmissions on the A interface, a GTCS provides a maximum of 3,840 speech channels. Figure 1-9 shows a fully configured GTCS in this case. Figure 1-9 Fully configured GTCS (with E1 transmissions on the A interface)
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Rear board
G E I U T
G E I U T
G E I U A
G E I U A
G E I U A
G E I U A
G E I U A
G E I U A
G E I U A
G E I U A
Backplane G T N U
00 01 02 03 04
Front board
G T N U
05
G S C U
06
G S C U
07 08
G D P U C
09
G D P U C
10
G D P U C
11
G D P U C
12
G D P U C
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When the BSC6000 uses STM-1 transmissions on the A interface, a GTCS provides a maximum of 7,680 speech channels. Figure 1-10 shows a fully configured GTCS. Figure 1-10 Fully configured GTCS (with STM-1 transmissions on the A interface)
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Rear board
G E I U T
G E I U T
G E I U T
G E I U T
G O I U A
G O I U A
G O I U A
G O I U A
G O I U A
G O I U A
G O I U A
G O I U A
Backplane G D P U C
00 01
Front board
G D P U C
02
G D P U C
03
G T N U
04
G T N U
05
G S C U
06
G S C U
07
G D P U C
08
G D P U C
09
G D P U C
10
G D P U C
11
G D P U C
12
G D P U C
13
To save the transmission resources between the BSC and the MSC, you can install a GTCS in a standalone cabinet and place the cabinet on the MSC side. The interface between the GMPS/GEPS on the BSC side and the GTCS on the MSC side is called Ater interface. Each GDPUC provides a maximum of 960 speech channels. The GDPUCs in the GTCS shown in Figure 1-9 work in 4+1 backup mode and provide a maximum of 3,840 speech channels. The GDPUCs in the GTCS shown in Figure 1-10 work in 8+1 backup mode and provide a maximum of 7,680 speech channels.
1.1.5 Boards
Table 1-2 lists the BSC6000 boards. Table 1-2 BSC6000 boards Board GGCU GSCU GTNU GXPUM GXPUC GEIUB GEIUP GEIUT GEIUA Full Name GSM General Clock Unit GSM Switching and Control Unit GSM TDM switching Network Unit GSM eXtensible Processing Unit for Main service GSM eXtensible Processing Unit for Cell broadcast service GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aBis GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aTer GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A
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Board GOIUB GOIUP GOIUT GOIUA GDPUC
Full Name GSM Optic Interface Unit for aBis GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb GSM Optic Interface Unit for aTer GSM Optic Interface Unit for A GSM Data Processing Unit for CS service
All the BSC6000 boards support the hot swappable function. The GDPUCs work in N+1 mode and all the other boards work in active/standby mode.
1.2 Software Structure

The BSC6000 software has a distributed structure. It consists of the host software and O&M software. The host software can communicate with the O&M software. This section describes both the software:
z z
Host Software O&M Software
1.2.1 Host Software

The host software is distributed into boards. Figure 1-11 shows the structure of the host software. Figure 1-11 Structure of the host software
Application software Middle ware
OS
Operating system The operating system (OS) is VxWorks, which is a real-time operating system.
VxWorks is an embedded real-time operating system.
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z
Middle ware Middle wares such as the Distributed Object-oriented Programmable Real-time Architecture (DOPRA) and PARC are used. They enable the upper application software to be independent of the lower operating system. Middle wares help you reuse the software functions of different platforms.
Application software Application software is used to perform the functions of different logical entities. These functions include:

Radio resource processing Resource control plane processing BTS management Configuration management
1.2.2 O&M Software

The O&M software of the BSC6000 consists of the OMU software, LMT software, and M2000 software.
z
OMU software The OMU software runs on the GBAM. It performs O&M functions. The operating system is Linux.
LMT software The LMT software is installed in an LMT (a local computer). It provides a Graphic User Interface (GUI). The operating system is Windows 2000 Professional or Windows XP Professional.
M2000 software The M2000 is Huawei's integrated network management system. It carries out network configuration and centralized management of alarm and performance data. The M2000 software consists of M2000 server software and M2000 client software. The M2000 server software runs in Solaris and the database is Sybase. The M2000 client software provides a GUI. It runs on Windows 2000 Professional or Windows XP Professional.
The LMT software cannot run on Windows 98.
1.3 Logical Structure

1.3.1 Overview of the Logical Structure
The BSC6000 consists of the following logical functional subsystems:
z
TDM Switching Subsystem
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1 General Structure
GE Switching Subsystem Service Processing Subsystem Service Control Subsystem Interface and Signaling Processing Subsystem Clock Subsystem
Figure 1-12 shows the logical structure of the BSC6000. Figure 1-12 Logical structure of the BSC6000
Connection between subracks TDM switching subsystem
Service processing subsystem
Service control subsystem
Interface and signaling processing subsystem
E1/STM-1 to BTS E1/STM-1 to PCU E1/STM-1 to MSC
Clock subsystem Connection between subracks
GE switching subsystem
The BSC6000 has two other important subsystems that are not mentioned here:
z
Operation and maintenance subsystem (O&M subsystem), which is described in chapter 9 "O&M Subsystem" Environment monitoring subsystem, which is described in chapter 10 "Environment Monitor Subsystem"
1.3.2 TDM Switching Subsystem

The Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) switching subsystem performs the following functions:
z z z
Performing TDM switching and providing circuit switched domain (CS) switching for the BSC6000 Providing TDM bearers for the A, Abis, Ater, and Pb interfaces Providing TDM bearers for system service processing
For details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 2 "TDM Switching Subsystem."
1.3.3 GE Switching Subsystem

The Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching subsystem performs Gigabit Ethernet switching functions.
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For details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 3 "GE Switching Subsystem."
1.3.4 Service Processing Subsystem

The service processing subsystem performs transcoding and rate adaptation functions For details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 4 "Service Processing Subsystem."
1.3.5 Service Control Subsystem

The service control subsystem performs the following functions:
z z z z z z z z z z
Paging control System information management Channel assignment BTS public service management Call control PS service control Handover and power control Cell broadcast short message service BTS operation and maintenance TC resource pool management
For details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 5 "Service Control Subsystem."
1.3.6 Interface and Signaling Processing Subsystem

The interface and signaling processing subsystem performs the following functions:
z z z z z
Providing the A, Abis, Pb, and Ater interfaces Processing data link layer signaling Processing cell broadcast message services Processing the SS7 MTP2 protocols Processing the LAPD protocol
For details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 6 "Interface and Signaling Processing Sub-system."
1.3.7 Clock Subsystem

The clock subsystem provides clock signals for the BSC6000. For details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 7 "Clock Subsystem."
1.3.8 O&M Subsystem

The O&M subsystem performs two types of functions: local O&M functions and centralized O&M functions. Specifically, the two types of functions comprise:
z z z
Security management Configuration management Performance management
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Alarm management Loading management
For details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 9 "O&M Subsystem."
1.3.9 Environment Monitoring Subsystem

The environment monitoring subsystem monitors the system power supply and fans and ensures that the BSC6000 runs stably. For the details about this subsystem, refer to chapter 10 "Environment Monitor Subsystem."
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2 TDM Switching Subsystem
2
About This Chapter
Section 2.1 Hardware Structure 2.2 Logical Structure
TDM Switching Subsystem
The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Description Introduces the hardware structure of the TDM switching subsystem Introduces the logical structure of the TDM switching subsystem
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Table 2-1 lists the boards of the TDM switching subsystem. Table 2-1 Boards of the TDM switching subsystem Board GTNU GDPUC GEIUB GEIUP GEIUT GEIUA GOIUB GOIUP GOIUT GOIUA Full Name GSM TDM switching Network Unit GSM Data Processing Unit for CS service GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aBis GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aTer GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A GSM Optic Interface Unit for aBis GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb GSM Optic Interface Unit for aTer GSM Optic Interface Unit for A
For the details about the boards, refer to the HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Hardware Reference.

2.2.1 Overview of the Logical Structure
Table 2-2 lists the logical units of the TDM switching subsystem. Table 2-2 Logical units of the TDM switching subsystem Logical Unit TDM switching unit TDM access bearer unit TDM processing bearer unit Physical Entity GTNU GEIUB/GOIUB, GEIUP/GOIUP, GEIUT/GOIUT, and GEIUA/GOIUA GDPUC
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Figure 2-1 shows the logical structure of the TDM switching subsystem in the GMPS or GEPS. Figure 2-1 Logical structure of the TDM switching subsystem in the GMPS or GEPS
GMPS/GEPS TDM access bearer unit Backplane TDM path TDM switching unit
Inter-GTNU cable GEPS TDM access bearer unit Backplane TDM path TDM switching unit
In the GMPS or a GEPS, the TDM access bearer unit connects to the TDM switching unit through a backplane TDM path. The TDM switching unit in the GMPS or a GEPS connects to the TDM switching unit in another GEPS through an inter-GTNU cable. Figure 2-2 shows the logical structure of the TDM switching subsystem in a GTCS. Figure 2-2 Logical structure of the TDM switching subsystem in a GTCS
GTCS TDM processing bearer unit TDM access bearer unit Backplane TDM path Backplane TDM path TDM switching unit
Inter-GTNU cable GTCS TDM access bearer unit TDM processing bearer unit Backplane TDM path Backplane TDM path TDM switching unit
In a GTCS, both the TDM processing bearer unit and the TDM access bearer unit connect to the TDM switching unit through a backplane TDM path. In different GTCSs, the TDM switching units are connected through an inter-GTNU cable.
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2.2.2 TDM Switching Unit

The TDM switching unit performs the TDM switching function. It provides CS switching for the entire system. Figure 2-3 shows the TDM switching in the GTNU. Figure 2-3 TDM switching in the GTNU
12
TDM switching unit 128Kx128K
24
12 LVDS port
24 LVDS port
The GTNU performs the following functions:

z z z z
Performing 128K%128K TDM switching Providing 24 Low Voltage Differential Signal (LVDS) high-speed serial ports on its backplane Providing a port for each of the slots numbered 0003 and 0827 Providing six ports (on its panel), each of which consists of two LVDS high-speed serial ports working in active/standby ports
The LVDS refers to a signal interface level. Its features are high speed, anti-interference, and long transmission distance.
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Ports on the backplane
Ports on the panel
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Intra-Subrack TDM Switching

Figure 2-4 shows the TDM interconnection between the two GTNUs and the other boards in one subrack. Figure 2-4 Intra-subrack TDM interconnection
Active GTNU Standby GTNU
Service board 1
Service board 2
Service board 24
Connection between a service board and the active GTNU through a backplane TDM path Connection between a service board and the standby GTNU through a backplane TDM path
The GTNU works in active/standby mode. The other boards in the subrack connect to the active and standby GTNUs through backplane TDM paths.
Inter-Subrack TDM Switching

Inter-subrack TDM switching is carried out through mesh interconnections. The GMPS and the GEPSs are interconnected in mesh topology through the ports on the panels of the GTNUs in these subracks. The GTCSs are interconnected in mesh topology through the ports on the panels of the GTNUs in these subracks. The BSC6000 supports the following mesh interconnections between a maximum of four subracks:
z z
Mesh interconnections between the GMPS and three GEPSs Mesh interconnection between four GTCSs
Figure 2-5 shows the inter-subrack TDM interconnections. Figure 2-5 Inter-subrack TDM interconnections
Subrack 1 Subrack 3
Subrack 2
Subrack 4
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2.2.3 TDM Access Bearer Unit

The TDM access bearer unit provides TDM bearers for the services on the A, Abis, Ater, and Pb interfaces. Figure 2-6 shows the TDM switching in an interface board. Figure 2-6 TDM switching in an interface board
21x8 Mbit/s HW TDM switching E1/T1 STM-1 or sub-board 21x8 Mbit/s HW module 32Kx32K
LVDS port
LVDS port
The TDM switching module in an interface board provides 32K%32K timeslot switching. It switches timeslots between the interface board and the backplane.
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2.2.4 TDM Processing Bearer Unit

The TDM processing bearer unit processes the TDM services of the GDPUC. Figure 2-7 shows the TDM switching in the GDPUC. Figure 2-7 TDM switching in the GDPUC
22x16 Mbit/s HW DSP 22x16 Mbit/s HW LVDS port
TDM switching module 16Kx16K
2 LVDS port
The TDM switching module on the GDPUC provides 16K%16K timeslot switching. It can switch timeslots between the backplane and the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) module.
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3 GE Switching Subsystem
3
About This Chapter
Section 3.1 Hardware Structure 3.2 Logical Structure 3.3 GE Switching Features
GE Switching Subsystem
The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Description Introduces the hardware structure of the GE switching subsystem Introduces the logical structure of the GE switching subsystem Introduces the features of GE switching
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3.1.1 Hardware Entities
The Gigabit Ethernet (GE) switching subsystem performs GE switching of signaling and O&M information. The hardware of the subsystem consists of the following entities:
z z z
Backplane GSM Switching and Control Unit (GSCU) GE interface units of the boards in the subsystem
The GSCU performs GE switching on the subrack where it is located and provides GE switching for the other boards in this subrack.
3.1.2 Interconnection Schemes

The interconnections in the GE switching subsystem comprise intra-subrack interconnection and inter-subrack interconnection.
Intra-Subrack Interconnection
Figure 3-1 shows the GE interconnections between the two GSCUs and the other boards in a subrack. Figure 3-1 GE interconnections in a subrack
GSCU 1 CPU FE interconnection GE switching module Backplane GE path Service board 1 Service board 2 GSCU 2 CPU HiG interconnection FE interconnection GE switching module
Service board 26
FE is the short form of Fast Ethernet. HiG is the short form of High Gigabit Ethernet. The bandwidth of one HiG is 10 Gbit/s. The transmission rate of the HiG is 4%3.125 Gbit/s.
The two GSCUs are interconnected with the other boards in the subrack. There is a 30 Gbit/s bandwidth between the two GSCUs. This bandwidth ensures that the switching networks in the two GSCUs are logically bound to one network.
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Inter-Subrack Interconnection
Inter-subrack GE switching is carried out through star interconnections. The GMPS and the GEPSs are interconnected in star topology through the ports on the panels of the GSCUs in these subracks. The GTCSs are interconnected in star topology through the ports on the panels of the GSCUs in these subracks. The BSC6000 supports the following star interconnections between a maximum of four subracks:
z z
The GMPS is connected with three GEPSs. The main GTCS is connected with three extension GTCSs.
Figure 3-2 shows the star GE interconnections between subracks. Figure 3-2 GE interconnections between subracks
Extension subrack Main subrack Extension subrack
Extension subrack
Figure 3-3 shows the GE interconnection between the main subrack and an extension subrack. Figure 3-3 GE interconnection between the main subrack and an extension subrack
HiG interconnection GSCU Crossover cable HiG interconnection GSCU GSCU GSCU Main subrack
Crossover cable Extension subrack

The GE switching subsystem is logically divided into the following units:
z z z
Central Processing Unit (CPU) Network unit (GE switching module) Interface unit between the GSCU and the other boards
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3.2.1 CPU
The CPU in the GSCU performs the following functions:
z z z z z z z
Initiating the switching network Configuring the switching network Maintaining the switching network Testing the switching network Managing faults Managing Port Trunking Managing switchover
3.2.2 Network Unit

The network unit in the GSCU performs the following functions:
z z z z
Obtaining a Media Access Control (MAC) address, adding an address entry to or deleting an address entry from the switching table Performing GE line speed forwarding Performing L2 unicast and broadcast Performing Port Trunking
3.2.3 Interface Unit

The interface unit in the GSCU transmits and receives Ethernet packets.
3.3 GE Switching Features

The GE switching subsystem has the following features:
z z z z
Star interconnections between the GSCU and the other boards in a service subrack Centralized and non-blocked line-rate layer-2 switching on the GSCU 60 Gbit/s line speed forwarding on the 60 ports on the GSCU Port Trunking on the ports of the GSCU
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4 Service Processing Subsystem
4
About This Chapter
Section 4.1 Hardware
Service Processing Subsystem
The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Description Describes the hardware structure of the service processing subsystem Describes the logical structure of the service processing subsystem
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The hardware entity of the service processing subsystem is the GSM Data Processing Unit for CS service (GDPUC). It performs transcoding and rate adaptation.

Table 4-1 lists the functional modules in the GDPUC. Table 4-1 Functional modules in the GDPUC Functional Module Network processing module GE interface module Digital Signal Processing (DSP) module TDM switching module Function Performing partial service processing and operation and maintenance of boards Providing service paths and maintenance paths Processing services Providing 16K%16K timeslot switching and performing TDM switching between DSP modules
Figure 4-1 shows the logical functions of the DSP module. Figure 4-1 Logical function of the DSP module
TRAU frame Voice Encoding/decoding PCM enhancement of voice service TFO Data format conversion DSP maintenance DSP module UTOPIA interface Network processing module Data transmission and reception V110 frame TDM switching 64 kbit/s
TDM switching 16 kbit/s or 8 kbit/s
Data transmission and reception TRAU frame
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The DSP module processes services as follows:

z
Converts the service data from the TDM switching modules or forwards the data in two directions

Encodes and decodes speech services Performs the transcoding and rate adaptation of data services, the extended Tandem Free Operation (TFO), and voice enhancement, and then outputs the processing results from the DSP through the TDM switching module
Receives maintenance and debugging commands from the network processing module through the Universal Test & Operations Physical Interface for ATM (UTOPIA) and processes the commands before forwarding them
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5 Service Control Subsystem
5
About This Chapter
Section 5.1 Hardware Structure 5.2 Logical Function
Service Control Subsystem
The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Description Describes the hardware structure of the service control subsystem Describes the logical structure of the service control subsystem
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The hardware of the service control subsystem consists of:
z z z z
GXPUM GXPUC GBAM GSCU in a GTCS
5.2 Logical Function

The GXPUM is the core service processing unit of the BSC6000. It consists of four CPUs.
z z
CPU 0: performs paging control, system information management, channel assignment, and public service processing of the BTS CPUs 13: performs voice call control, PS service control, handover, and power control
The GXPUC broadcasts short messages over cells. The GBAM performs the operation and maintenance of a BTS. The GSCU in the GTCS manages the TC resource pool. The following sections in this chapter describe the functions of the hardware in detail.
5.2.1 Paging Control

The GXPUM performs paging control through the following software subsystems:
z
Paging Control (PGC) software subsystem: distributes the paging messages from the A and Pb interfaces to different Cell Service Process (CESP) software subsystems in the BSC CESP software subsystem: sends paging messages to cells
5.2.2 System Information Management

The CESP software subsystem of the GXPUM manages the system information. It generates the various types of system information defined in the protocols and sends the information to cells or MSs. The CESP software subsystem initiates a procedure for sending CS or packet switched domain (PS) system information in the following cases:
z z z z z
Dynamic data configuration Change in BTS management states BTS request transmission PCU request transmission RSL recovery
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5.2.3 Channel Assignment

The CESP software subsystem of the GXPUM performs channel assignment, which includes:
z z
Assignment of CS and PS radio channels Dynamic adjustment and recovery of radio channels
These channel assignment strategies can meet users' communications requirements completely.
5.2.4 BTS Public Service Management

The BTS public service management consists of the following two parts:
z
BTS configuration management, which includes:

Initial configuration Dynamic configuration Dynamic adjustment of channel types BTS initialization management Resetting, blocking, and unblocking of the logical objects of a BTS Synchronization of channel states and OML transmission states Transceiver mutual aid BTS resource check
BTS state management, which includes:

5.2.5 Call Control

The MS Instance Control (MSIC) software subsystem of the GXPUM performs the CS call control function, which includes:
z z z
Call establishment Call release Call handover
5.2.6 PS Service Control

The CESP software subsystem of the GXPUM communicates with the PCU through the Pb Interface Processing (PBIP) software subsystem. It performs the following PS service control functions according to Huawei-defined Pb interface protocols:
z z z z
Requesting a Packet Data CHannel (PDCH) Releasing a PDCH Checking PS service resources Controlling and broadcasting PS system information
Through the Business Module Resource Control (BMRC) software subsystem and BTS Common Processing (BTSCP) subsystem, the CESP software subsystem performs the following functions:
z z
Establishing PS transmission paths between the PCU and the BTS Dynamically adjusting between PDCHs and TCHs
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5.2.7 Handover and Power Control

The MSIC software subsystem of the GXPUM performs handover and power control functions. It has a handover and power control algorithm library, which is functionally divided into three modules:
z
Measurement report processing module This module initially processes measurement reports. The initial processing includes interpolation, filtering, and prediction.
Handover decision module This module performs the cell sorting and handover decision functions. The cell sorting consists of basic cell sorting and adjustment based on network characteristics. The handover decision encompasses:

Forced handover decision Directed retry Handover candidates Emergency handover decision Common handover decision Performance handover decision
Power control module This module carries out the following three algorithms and one decision:

Power level control algorithm Quality dual-threshold power control algorithm Power control compensation algorithm Power control comprehensive decision
5.2.8 Cell Broadcast Short Message Service

The CBIP software subsystem of the GXPUC broadcasts short messages over a cell. It obtains cell information from the CESP software subsystem and notifies the CBC of the information. Upon receiving a broadcast request message from the CBC, the CBIP saves and schedules the message and then sends it to the CESP, which will forward the message to the BTS.
5.2.9 BTS Operation and Maintenance

The BTS operation and maintenance functions are as follows:
z z z z
BTS routine maintenance BTS alarm management BTS software management BTS test management
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5.2.10 TC Resource Pool Management

The TCM Resource Control (TCMRC) subsystem of the GSCU in a GTCS manages TC resource pools. The TC resource pools of the BSC6000 are used for various types of services. For example, a TC resource pool can be used for Full Rate (FR) calls, Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) calls, and Half Rate (HR) calls. The TC encoding and decoding resources used for one service type belong to one resource pool. The TC resource pool management enables the system to check for faulty TC resources and allocate TC resources available for new calls. This can improve the system reliability. To lower call congestion rate due to faulty TC resources, you can reduce the number of resource pools and add as many TC resources to each pool as you can.
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6 Interface and Signaling Processing Sub-system
Interface and Signaling Processing Subsystem
About This Chapter

The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Section 6.1 Hardware Structure 6.2 Logical Structure Description Describes the hardware structure of the interface and signaling processing subsystem Describes the logical structure of the interface and signaling processing subsystem
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The hardware of the interface and signaling processing subsystem consists of a few boards. Table 6-1 lists these boards. Table 6-1 Boards in the hardware of the interface and signaling processing subsystem Board GXPUC GEIUB GEIUP GEIUT GEIUA GOIUB GOIUP GOIUT GOIUA Full Name GSM eXtensible Processing Unit for Cell broadcast service GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aBis GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for Pb GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for aTer GSM E1/T1 Interface Unit for A GSM Optic Interface Unit for aBis GSM Optic Interface Unit for Pb GSM Optic Interface Unit for aTer GSM Optic Interface Unit for A
Table 6-2 lists the functions of the boards in the interface and signaling processing subsystem. Table 6-2 Functions of the boards in the interface and signaling processing subsystem Board GXPUC Function Providing a cell broadcast short message interface (Cb interface) and processing the signaling between the BSC and the Cell Broadcast Center (CBC) Providing Abis interfaces and processing the LAPD signaling on the Abis interfaces Providing Pb interfaces and processing the LAPD signaling on the Pb interfaces
z z
GEIUB/GOIUB GEIUP/GOIUP GEIUT/GOIUT
The GEIUT/GOIUT provides Ater interfaces. The GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS processes the MTP2 signaling and HDLC signaling on the Ater interface. The GEIUT/GOIUT in the GEPS processes the MTP2 signaling on the Ater interface. The GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS and that in the GEPS process the MTP2 signaling on the A interface.
GEIUA/GOIUA
Providing A interfaces
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The BSC6000 has the following interfaces:
z z z z z
A interface between the BSC6000 and the MSC Abis interface between the BSC6000 and the BTS Pb interface between the BSC6000 and the Packet Control Unit (PCU) Cb interface between the BSC6000 and the CBC Ater interface between the GMPS or GEPS and a GTCS in the BSC6000
Figure 6-1 shows the interfaces of the BSC6000. Figure 6-1 Interfaces of the BSC6000
Abis BTS GMPS/GEPS
Ater GTCS
A MSC
BSC6000 Pb PCU Cb CBC
6.2.1 A Interface Processing Unit

Table 6-3 lists the modules in the A interface processing unit. Table 6-3 Modules in the A interface processing unit Module E1/STM-1 interface module for the A interface E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface MTP2 module Description
z z z
Configured on the GEIUA/GOIUA in a GTCS Provides E1/STM-1 ports Configured on the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS, GEPS, or GTCS Provides E1/STM-1 ports Configured on the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS or GEPS Processes the MTP2 signaling
z z
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Figure 6-2 shows the logical structure of the A interface processing unit. Figure 6-2 Logical structure of the A interface processing unit
GTCS E1/STM-1 interface module for the A interface Service processing subsystem TDM switching subsystem E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface
MSC
GMPS/GEPS
E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface
MTP2 processing module Internal signaling stream
Signaling stream
Service stream
Table 6-4 lists the transmission paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the A interface. Table 6-4 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the A interface Steam Signaling stream from the A interface Transmission Path
z z
Transparently transmitted in the GTCS Sent from the E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface in the GTCS to that in the GTCS to the E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface in the GMPS/GEPS Processed by the MTP2 processing module Sent to the service control subsystem as an internal signaling stream Sent to the BSC6000 through the E1/STM-1 interface module for the A interface Directly switched to the service processing subsystem by the TDM switching subsystem
z z
Service stream from the A interface
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6.2.2 Abis Interface Processing Unit

Table 6-5 lists the modules in the Abis interface processing unit. Table 6-5 Modules in the Abis interface processing unit Module E1/STM-1 interface module for the Abis interface LAPD module Description
z z
Configured on the GEIUB/GOIUB in the GMPS/GEPS Provides E1/STM-1 ports Configured on the GEIUB/GOIUB in the GMPS/GEPS Processes the LAPD signaling
z z
Figure 6-3 shows the logical structure of the Abis interface processing unit. Figure 6-3 Logical structure of the Abis interface processing unit
Abis interface processing unit BTS E1/STM-1 interfacemodule for the Abis interface Ater/Pb interface
LAPD processing module
Service control subsystem Internal signaling stream
Signaling stream
Service stream
Table 6-6 lists the transmission paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Abis interface. Table 6-6 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Abis interface Steam Signaling stream from the Abis interface Transmission Path 1. Switched on the E1/STM-1 interface module for the Abis interface 2. Processed by the LAPD processing module 3. Sent to the service control subsystem as an internal signaling stream Service stream from the Abis interface Switched as follows through the E1/STM-1 interface module for the Abis interface:
z z
To the Ater interface (speech service) To the Pb interface (data service)
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6.2.3 Ater Interface Processing Unit

Table 6-7 lists the modules in the Ater interface processing unit. Table 6-7 Modules in the Ater interface processing unit Module E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface HDLC module Description
z z z z z
Configured on the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS/GEPS Provides E1/STM-1 ports Configured on the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS/GTCS Processes HDLC/PPP protocols Provides IP communications between the interface boards in the GMPS/GEPS and those in the GTCS Configured on the GEIUT/GOIUT in the GMPS/GEPS Processes MTP2 signaling
MTP2 module
z z
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Figure 6-4 shows the logical structure of the Ater interface processing unit. Figure 6-4 Logical structure of the Ater interface processing unit
GTCS Service control subsystem MTP2 module E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface HDLC module
Service processing subsystem
GMPS/GEPS Service control subsystem MTP2 module E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface HDLC module
Abis interface unit
Signaling stream Internal signaling stream
Service stream Maintenance message stream
No O&M message stream is transmitted between the GEPS and the GTCS, as shown in Figure 6-4.
Table 6-8 lists the transmission paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Ater interface. Table 6-8 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Ater interface Steam Signaling stream from the Ater interface Transmission Path 1. Sent to the E1/STM-1 interface module for the Ater interface in each subrack 2. Processed by the MTP2 processing module 3. Sent to the service control subsystem as an internal signaling stream
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Steam Service stream from the Ater interface Maintenance message stream in the BSC6000
Transmission Path Directly switched to the service processing subsystem by the TDM switching subsystem Transmitted between the GMPS and a GTCS over IP
NOTE The HDLC module can shield the transmission mode on the Ater interface.
6.2.4 Pb Interface Processing Unit

Table 6-9 lists the modules in the Pb interface processing unit. Table 6-9 Modules in the Pb interface processing unit Module E1/STM-1 interface module for the Pb interface LAPD module Description
z z z z
Configured on the GEIUP/GOIUP in the GMPS/GEPS Provides E1 and STM-1 ports Configured on the GEIUP/GOIUP in the GMPS/GEPS Processes the LAPD signaling
Figure 6-5 shows the logical structure of the Pb interface processing unit. Figure 6-5 Logical structure of the Pb interface processing unit
Pb interface processing unit PCU E1/STM-1 interface module for the Pbnterface Abis interface
LAPD module
Signaling stream
Service stream
Internal signaling stream
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Table 6-10 lists the transmission paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Pb interface. Table 6-10 Paths of the signaling stream and service stream from the Pb interface Steam Signaling stream from the Pb interface Transmission Path 1. Switched on the E1/STM-1 interface module for the Pb interface 2. Processed by the LAPD module 3. Sent to the service control subsystem as an internal signaling stream Service stream from the Pb interface Switched to the Abis interface by the E1/STM-1 interface module for the Pb interface
6.2.5 Cb Interface Processing Unit

The Cb interface processing unit contains a Cb interface module. The unit is configured on the GXPUC in the GMPS or the GEPS. Figure 6-6 shows the logical structure of the Cb interface processing unit. Figure 6-6 Logical structure of the Cb interface processing unit
Cb interface processing unit Cb interface module Service control subsystem
CBC
Signaling stream
Internal signaling stream
The signaling stream from the Cb interface is processed by the Cb interface module. Then the signaling stream is sent to the service control subsystem as an internal signaling stream. There is no service stream on the Cb interface. The GXPUC generates service steams.
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7 Clock Subsystem
7
About This Chapter
The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Section 7.1 Structure of the Clock Subsystem 7.2 Features of the Clock Subsystem 7.3 Clock Subsystem Control Description
Clock Subsystem
Describes the structure of the clock subsystem Describes the features of the clock subsystem Describes the control of the clock subsystem
The E1 interface boards GEIUB, GEIUP, GEIUT, and GEIUA provide all the interfaces described in this chapter.
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7 Clock Subsystem
7.1 Structure of the Clock Subsystem

7.1.1 Hardware Structure
The hardware entity of the clock subsystem is the GSM General Clock Unit (GGCU). It provides clock signals for the BSC6000.
7.1.2 Clock Subsystem Structure

Clock Source
The clock sources of the BSC6000 are as follows:
z
Building the Integrated Timing Supply System (BITS) clock There are two types of BITS clock: 2 MHz clock and 2 Mbit/s clock. The 2 Mbit/s clock source has higher anti-interference capabilities than the 2 MHz clock source.
Line clock The GTCS extracts line clock from the A interface. The GEIUA in the GTCS processes the clock and generates 8 kHz clock.

The GTCS sends the 8 kHz clock signals to the GGCU in the GMPS through the Ater interface. The GEIUA in the GTCS sends the 8 kHz clock signals to the GSCU through the backplane in the GTCS. The GSCU forwards the 8 kHz clock signals to the other boards in the GTCS.
Local free-run clock
Reference Clock for the GMPS or GEPS

The GGCU provides the reference clock for the GMPS/GEPS. The BITS clock signals are sent to the GGCU through the ports on the GGCU panel. The GEIUT in the GMPS sends the line clock signals to GGCU through the backplane in the GMPS. On receiving the clock signals, the GGCU processes them, generates 8 kHz clock signals, and then sends them in the following two methods:
z z
To the GSCU through the backplane and then to the other boards in the GMPS To the GSCU in the GEPSs through a clock cable and then to the other boards in the GEPSs
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7 Clock Subsystem
Figure 7-1 shows the transmission path of the reference clock for the GMPS or GEPS. Figure 7-1 Transmission of the reference clock for the GMPS or GEPS
BITS clock Line clock GGCU
GSCU
GSCU
GSCU
Service board
Service board
Service board
Service board
Service board
Service board
GMPS Transmission through the backplane
GEPS Transmission through Y-shaped clock cables
GEPS
The GGCU connects to the GSCUs in the GEPSs through the ports on the panels of the GSCUs. For details about the connections, refer to the HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Hardware Installation Guide.
Reference Clock for a GTCS

Each GTCS extracts the line clock from the A interface. The GEIUA in each GTCS processes the extracted line clock and generates 8 kHz clock signals.
z z
The GTCS sends the 8 kHz clock signals to the GGCU in the GMPS through the Ater interface. The GEIUA in the GTCS sends the 8 kHz clock signals to the GSCU through the backplane in the GTCS. The GSCU forwards the 8 kHz clock signals to the other boards in the GTCS.
7.2 Features of the Clock Subsystem

The clock subsystem has the following features:
z
Holds the clock stable When the external clock source incurs a fault, the GGCU can provide a stable clock for the system.
z z
Uses the digital phased-locked loop and reliable software phase lock to synchronize the clock of the entire BSC with the clock source Uses international standard 3-stratum clock to provide a stable and reliable clock source for the BSC
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7 Clock Subsystem
z
Provides optimum display, alarm, and O&M functions so that you can set clock parameters through the LMT
7.3 Clock Subsystem Control

Figure 7-2 shows the clock subsystem control. Figure 7-2 Clock subsystem control
GSCU GBAM LMT
GGCU
The O&M commands are sent from the LMT to the GBAM, and then to the GSCU in the GMPS. The GSCU forwards the commands to the GGCU in the GMPS.
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8 System Signal Flow
8
About This Chapter
Section 8.1 CS Service Signal Flow 8.2 PS Service Signal Flow 8.3 Signaling Signal Flow 8.4 O&M Signal Flow
System Signal Flow
The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Description Describes the CS service signal flows Describes the PS service signal flows Describes the signaling signal flows Describes the O&M signal flow
The E1 interface boards GEIUB, GEIUP, GEIUT, and GEIUA provide all the interfaces described in this chapter. The GTCS is configured on the MSC side.
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8.1 CS Service Signal Flow

When an MS or the network originates a CS call, the BSC initiates a CS call setup procedure. Figure 8-1 shows the CS service signal flow. Figure 8-1 CS service signal flow
Abis B T S G E I U B G T N U G E I U T Ater G E I U T G T N U G D P U C G E I U A GTCS BSC6000 A M S C
GMPS/GEPS
8.1.1 CS Service Signal Flow on the Uplink

The CS service signal flow on the uplink is as follows: Step 1 The voice signals are sent to the GEIUB in the GMPS/GEPS through the Abis interface. A full-rate call uses 16 kbit/s sub-timeslots on the Abis interface and a half-rate call uses 8 kbit/s sub-timeslots on this interface. Step 2 The GTNU in the in the GMPS/GEPS switches the voice signals to the GEIUT, which multiplexes the signals into 64 kbit/s timeslots and then sends the timeslots to the GTCS through the Ater interface. Step 3 The 64 kbit/s timeslots are processed as follows when they reach the GTCS: 1. 2. 3. 4. The GEIUT demultiplexes the 64 kbit/s timeslots into 16 kbit/s or 8 kbit/s sub-timeslots, and then sends them to the GTNU in the GTCS. The GTNU switches the received sub-timeslots to the GDPUC. The GDPUC performs voice transcoding and rate adaptation on the sub-timeslots, and then sends them back to the GTNU. The GTNU switches the sub-timeslots to the GEIUA, which sends them to the MSC through the A interface.
----End
8.1.2 CS Service Signal Flow on the Downlink

The CS service signal flow on the downlink is the inverse of the CS service signal flow on the uplink. For details, refer to section 8.1.1 "CS Service Signal Flow on the Uplink."
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8.2 PS Service Signal Flow

When an MS or the network originates a PS call, the BSC initiates a PS call setup procedure. Figure 8-2 shows the PS service signal flow. Figure 8-2 PS service signal flow
Abis B T S G E I U B G T N U G E I U P Pb P C U Gb S G S N
GMPS/GEPS BSC6000
8.2.1 PS Service Signal Flow on the Uplink

The PS service signal flow on the uplink is as follows: Step 1 The PS data signals are sent to the GEIUB in the GMPS/GEPS through the Abis interface. According to CS1CS 4 or MCS1MCS 9, the call uses one to four 16 kbit/s sub-timeslots on the Abis interface. Step 2 The GEIUB sends the signals to the GTNU, which switches them to the GEIUP. Step 3 The GEIUP sends the signals to the PCU through the Pb interface. Step 4 The PCU sends the signals to the SGSN through the Gb interface. ----End
8.2.2 PS Service Signal Flow on the Downlink

The PS service signal flow on the downlink is the inverse of the PS service signal flow on the uplink. For details, refer to section 8.2.1 "PS Service Signal Flow on the Uplink."
8.3 Signaling Signal Flow

A signaling signal flow processes and controls the protocols on interfaces. This section describes the signaling signal flows on the Abis, Ater, A, and Pb interfaces of the BSC6000.
The GXPUM originates and terminates all the signaling signal flows of the BSC6000.
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8.3.1 Signaling Signal Flow on the Abis Interface

The Abis interface lies between the BTS and the BSC.
z z z
The physical layer of the interface transmits signals through E1/T1 cables or optical cables. The transmissions on the data link layer comply with the LAPD protocol. The transmissions on L3 comply with the specifications defined in 3GPP 48.05X series.
Figure 8-3 shows the signaling signal flow on the Abis interface. Figure 8-3 Signaling signal flow on the Abis interface
Abis B T S G E I U B G S C U G X P U M
GMPS/GEPS BSC6000
The signaling signal flow on the Abis interface is as follows: Step 1 The GEIUB in the GMPS/GEPS receives the signaling on the Abis interface, processes the LAPD protocol, and then sends the signaling to the GSCU. Step 2 The GSCU switches the signaling to the GXPUM. ----End
8.3.2 Signaling Signal Flow on the A Interface

The A interface lies between the BSC and the MSC.
z z z z
The physical layer transmits signals through E1/T1 cables or optical cables. The data link layer transmits signals over the SS7-based MTP2. The network layer transmits signals over the MTP3 and SCCP. The application layer transmits signals over the BSSAP and the Um interface L3 protocol.
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Figure 8-4 shows the signaling signal flow on the A interface. Figure 8-4 Signaling signal flow on the A interface
Ater G X P U M G S C U G E I U T G E I U T G T N U G E I U A GTCS BSC6000 A M S C
GMPS/GEPS
The signaling signal flow on the A interface is as follows: Step 1 The GXPUM in the GMPS/GEPS processes the MTP3, SCCP, and BSSAP protocols. The GEIUT processes the MTP2 protocol. Step 2 The signaling signals are transparently transmitted in the GTCS and then sent to the MSC through the A interface. ----End
8.3.3 Signaling Signal Flow on the Pb Interface

The Pb interface lies between the BSC and the PCU. It is a Huawei-defined non-standard internal interface and complies with Huawei's internal specifications. Figure 8-5 shows the signaling signal flow on the Pb interface. Figure 8-5 Signaling signal flow on the Pb interface
Pb G X P U M G S C U G E I U P P C U
GMPS/GEPS BSC6000
The signaling signal flow on the Pb interface is as follows: Step 1 The GEIUP in the GMPS/GEPS processes the LAPD protocol. Step 2 The GSCU switches the signals from the GEIUP to the GXPUM. ----End
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8.4 O&M Signal Flow

Figure 8-6 shows the O&M signal flow of the BSC6000. Figure 8-6 O&M signal flow of the BSC6000
Ater Service board Service board L M T G B A M G S C U G E I U T GMPS G E I U T G S C U
GTCS
Service board GEPS BSC6000
G S C U
The O&M signal flow is as follows: Step 1 The O&M commands are sent from the LMT to the GBAM through an Ethernet cable. The O&M commands from the M2000 client to the BSC6000 must be switched to the GBAM by the M2000 server. Step 2 The GBAM processes the O&M commands and switches them to the GSCU in the GMPS. The GSCU switches them to the service board that requires maintenance in the GMPS. Step 3 The O&M signal flow for the service board in the GEPS or GTCS is switched by the GSCU in the GMPS to the GSCU in the GEPS or GTCS. Then it is switched to the service board that requires maintenance in the GEPS or GTCS. ----End
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9 O&M Subsystem
9
About This Chapter
Section 9.1 Hardware Structure 9.2 Software Structure 9.3 Security Management 9.4 Configuration Management 9.5 Performance Management 9.6 Alarm Management 9.7 Loading Management Description
O&M Subsystem
The following table lists the sections of this chapter.
Introduces the hardware structure of the O&M subsystem Introduces the software structure of the O&M subsystem Describes the security management function of the O&M subsystem Describes the configuration management function of the O&M subsystem Describes the performance management function of the O&M subsystem Describes the alarm management function of the O&M subsystem Describes the loading management function of the O&M subsystem
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9 O&M Subsystem

The hardware of the O&M subsystem consists of the following entities:
z z z
GBAM LMT M2000
Figure 9-1 shows the hardware structure of the O&M subsystem. Figure 9-1 Hardware structure of the O&M subsystem
G S C U G S C U
GEPS/GTCS
G S C U
G S C U
GMPS M2000
GBAM
LAN switch
Alarm box
LMT
LMT
Straight-through cable Signal cable for the alarm box
The GBAM serves as a bridge between the LMT and the M2000.
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9.2 Software Structure

Table 9-1 lists the O&M software of the BSC6000. Table 9-1 O&M software of the BSC6000 Software OMU software Description The OMU software runs on the GBAM. It performs the following functions:
z z z
Managing the BSC6000 and BTS equipment Processing the commands delivered through the LMT Providing interfaces for centralized management
LMT software M2000 software
The LMT software has a GUI and it runs on a client. It facilitates the operations and maintenance of the BSC and the BTS. The M2000 software consists of the client software and server software. The client software runs on an M2000 client and the server software runs on the M2000 server.
9.3 Security Management

9.3.1 Overview of Security Management
Security management consists of authority management and log management.
9.3.2 Authority Management

BSC6000 users are classified into internal users and external users. The internal users have the super user name admin. The name admin cannot be deleted. The internal users have all operation authorities. The external users are of five levels. The users of different levels are grouped. The users can perform only the operations defined in their functional groups. The GBAM verifies and controls user authorities. Table 9-2 describes the authorities of the external users. Table 9-2 Authorities of the external users of the BSC6000 User Level Guest User Authority Users of this class can only browse data. In addition to the authority that the Guests have, users of this level can implement O&M operations, including O&M of the equipment, alarm management, and performance management. In addition to the authorities that Users have, users of this level can configure data for the equipment.
Operator
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User Level Administrator Custom
Authority This level is the highest level. In addition to the authorities that Operators have, users of this level can manage users. Administrators define the authorities of this level.
The security management also includes NE operation time management. It limits the operation time limit of users by date, week, and time segment. Users can carry out operations only in the predefined time limit.
9.3.3 Log Management

The BSC6000 records three kinds of logs when it is functional. Table 9-3 lists these logs. Table 9-3 BSC6000 logs Log Type Running log Operation log Debug log Description Records the information about system running status Records the information about operations and maintenance performed by the users Records the information about the location and analysis of internal problems
The BSC6000 log management performs the following functions:

z
Querying operation logs conditionally You can enter query conditions on the LMT to view only the logs that meet these conditions.
Querying and setting the uploaded parameters The log files in the GBAM can be automatically uploaded to a specified FTP server. You can set and query the uploaded parameters.
Uploading log files manually The log files in the GBAM are uploaded to the specified FTP server. After the upload parameters are set, the GBAM uploads the log files automatically. You can also start uploading log files manually.
Setting log parameters You can set the log parameters, such as the type and size of the log files, on the LMT. Saving the logs stored in the buffer to files by force The GBAM saves the log information in the buffer and records the log files after the log information reaches a certain size. The LMT also has this function.
Querying GBAM log files You can query the information about the current log files. The information includes file size and file name.
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9.4 Configuration Management

9.4.1 Overview of Configuration Management
The BSC6000 configuration management includes configuring, browsing, saving, backing up, and restoring the data related to the BSC6000 and the BTSs controlled by the BSC6000. The BSC6000 configuration management is performed on the GBAM, LMT, and M2000. The data can be configured online or offline and saved in the form of binary files.
9.4.2 Offline Data Configuration

Offline means that the communication between the LMT and the GBAM is not established. In offline mode, the auto check function of the LMT software ensures the integrity and accuracy of the data. After the data generated during offline configuration is saved to files, the data takes effect in the GBAM and service boards through data restoration. The offline data configuration applies to for initial network operation and network upgrade.
9.4.3 Online Data Configuration

When the LMT communicates with the GBAM normally, you can dynamically add, delete, and modify data as prompted by the data configuration wizard. The process of online data configuration is as follows: Step 1 The LMT calculates and checks the configured data, and then sends the data to the GBAM. Step 2 The GBAM calculates and checks the data, and then updates the database. Step 3 The GBAM sends the data to the boards involved in the data configuration. Step 4 The boards update the data, and then carry out the related services. ----End
9.4.4 Data Backup and Restoration

The BSC6000 supports manual backup of data in the form of binary files. You can select the backup data to be restored through the LMT. The LMT sends the information about the data restoration to the GBAM. The GBAM reads and loads the specified files and restores the backup data.
9.5 Performance Management

9.5.1 Overview of the BSC6000 Performance Management
The BSC6000 performance management is carried out through the measurement of the running status of the BSC6000 equipment and network. The BSC6000 performance management serves as the basis of the network planning and troubleshooting.
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9.5.2 Performance Measurement Process

Figure 9-2 shows the process of BSC6000 performance measurement. Figure 9-2 BSC6000 performance measurement
M2000 server
Performance measurement module
Collected data
M2000 client
Measurement result file GBAM
Service board
The performance measurement process of the BSC6000 is as follows: Step 1 You register a measurement task and specify the object, time, and item attributes of the task. Step 2 Based on the defined measurement task, the M2000 server modifies the measurement task file, sends it to the GBAM, and delivers a command to activate the modified measurement task file. Step 3 Based on the modified measurement task file, the GBAM notifies a service board to collect data according to the new requirements. The GBAM receives the measurement results from the service board and saves them as files. Step 4 The GBAM notifies the M2000 server of the measurement results and uploads the files to the M2000 server. The M2000 server processes the files and saves them to the database. Step 5 Based on the measurement task registered on the client, the M2000 server extracts the results from the database, calculates them, and sends them to the client. ----End
9.6 Alarm Management

9.6.1 Overview of Alarm Management
The alarm management is described in terms of:
z z
Alarm Process Alarm Box Drive
9.6.2 Alarm Process

The BSC6000 alarm system collects alarms in a discrete way and processes the alarms in a centralized way. Each board detects alarms and reports them to the GBAM automatically. The GBAM divides these alarms into different levels and sends them to the LMT or the M2000 server. You can manage the alarms through the LMT or the M2000 client.
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Figure 9-3 shows the alarm process. Figure 9-3 Alarm management mechanism
M2000 client M2000 server
Alarm management module
Alarm management function set
Database M2000 client GBAM Board
The GBAM alarm management module performs the following functions:

z
Alarm storage The alarm management module in the GBAM stores the alarms reported from each board in the GBAM alarm database.
Alarm processing The alarm management module in the GBAM processes the operation commands, such as querying active alarms, querying alarm logs, and modifying alarm configuration items.
9.6.3 Alarm Box Drive

The alarm box is used to generate visual and audio indications. The colors of the indicators correspond to alarms of different severity levels:
z z z z
Red: critical alarm Orange: major alarm Yellow: minor alarm Green: warning
Different alarm severity levels have different alarm sounds. Figure 9-4 shows the alarm box drive when the alarm box is connected to the LMT. Figure 9-4 Alarm box drive
Alarm management module Alarm box
Convert application
GBAM
LMT
The alarm box is connected to the LMT client through serial ports. When an alarm is reported, the LMT drives the alarm box through the convert program to generate visual and audio
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9 O&M Subsystem
indications. You can perform alarm box management through the LMT, such as stopping alarm sounds, disabling alarm indicators, and resetting the alarm box.
9.7 Loading Management

9.7.1 Overview of Loading Management
This section takes the GTCS on the MSC side as an example to describe loading management.
After the OMU software is installed, all the program files and some data files are uploaded to the GBAM from the M2000 or the LMT through FTP. Loading indicates how a board (in a service subrack) obtains program files and data files after the service subrack or the board starts or restarts. The process of loading has the following two phases:
z
BOOTP phase A board obtains its IP address, software loading control mode, and program software by sending a Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) request.
LOAD phase A board obtains its data files and other files.
The BSC6000 software loading control system has two layers:

z
The GBAM is the first-level center of the entire BSC software loading management. The loading and power-on of the GBAM are independent of other boards. The GBAM processes the loading control requests of the GSCU in the GMPS. The GSCU in the GMPS is the second-level center of the loading control system. The GSCU processes the loading control requests of the service boards in the GMPS, GEPS, and GTCS.
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Figure 9-5 shows the software loading control of the BSC6000. Figure 9-5 Software loading control
Ater O&M link G G E S I C U U T G G E S I C U U T

Subrack 1' Subrack 0' Subrack 1 Subrack 0
G S C U
G S C U
GBAM
Subrack N' Subrack 2'
Subrack 2
Subrack N
G S C U
G S C U BSC side
G S C U
G S C U
MSC side
The maintenance information of the software loading control is transmitted in three modes.
z z z
The maintenance information between subracks is transmitted through star interconnections between GSCUs. The maintenance information in a service subrack is transmitted between the GSCU and the other boards through the backplane. The maintenance information between the local and the remote service subracks is transmitted through Ater O&M links.
9.7.2 Loading Software to the Boards in the GMPS or the GEPS

The process of loading software to the boards in the GMPS or GEPS consists of:
z z
Loading the GSCU Software Loading Software to the Other Boards
Loading the GSCU Software

The process of loading the GSCU software is as follows: Step 1 After the GSCU starts up, it broadcasts the BOOTP request.
z z
If the GBAM is online, it processes and responds to the request. If the GBAM is not started or is offline, the GSCU starts up and loads data from its own flash memory, acts as a second-level loading control center, and then processes the BOOTP requests of the other boards.
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9 O&M Subsystem
Step 2 After receiving the response from the GBAM, the GSCU determines whether to obtain the latest application files from the GBAM based on the loading control characters and the software version in the flash memory. Step 3 If the GSCU needs to obtain the program files from the GBAM, it obtains the program software from the software area in the GBAM and writes it into the flash. It then loads the software from the flash. Step 4 After the program files are loaded, the GSCU starts to load the data files. The loading process of the data files is the same as that of the program files. ----End The BOOTP request of the GSCU in the GEPS is processed by the GSCU in the GMPS. The loading process is the same as that described previously.
Loading Software to the Other Boards

After the GSCU software is loaded, the process of loading the software for the other boards in the subrack starts. Step 1 After a board is started, it broadcasts the BOOTP request. The request contains the physical address of this board and the software version information stored in the flash. Step 2 After the GSCU receives the BOOTP request, it transparently transmits this request to the GSCU in the GMPS if the subrack is not the GMPS. Step 3 The GSCU in the GMPS calculates the IP address of the board based on the physical address of the board, and then obtains the loading control character from the configuration data of the board.
z
If the loading control character is Load from Flash, then the GSCU in the GMPS responds to the BOOTP request. The response carries the IP address and the loading control character, notifying the board to obtain the program files from the flash and load them. If the loading control character is Auto, then the GSCU in the GMPS determines whether the software version in the flash of this board is consistent with that in the software area of the GBAM, and then responds to the BOOTP request. The response carries the IP address and the loading control character.

If the software versions are consistent, the GSCU notifies the board to obtain the program files from the flash and load them. If the software versions are inconsistent, the GSCU notifies the board to download the program files from the GBAM.
If the loading control character is Load from Server, then the GSCU directly downloads the application files from the version section on the GBAM.
Step 4 After the program files run, the board sends a LOAD request to the GSCU in the GMPS to query the files except the program files. Step 5 The GSCU in the GMPS returns a file list to the board. Based on the file list, the board responds to the GSCU with the file version information in the flash. Step 6 The GSCU compares the version information and responds to the board with the information (carrying the GBAM address) about the files to be updated. Step 7 The board downloads the files from the software area in the GBAM and loads them.
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----End
9.7.3 Loading Software to the Boards in a Remote GTCS

The GSCU in the main GTCS on the MSC side is a second-level loading control center. The loading of the remote GTCSs can be independent on the Ater O&M link to some extent.
z z
When the Ater O&M link is broken, the GSCU in the main GTCS processes the loading requests from the boards in the subrack. When the Ater O&M link is normal, the GSCU in the GMPS processes all the loading requests from the remote GTCSs and the GSCU in the GTCS stops working as a loading control center.
Loading the GSCU Software

The process of loading the GSCU software in a GTCS is as follows: Step 1 After the local GEIUT starts up, it sets up a Ater O&M link to the remote GEIUT. Step 2 The remote GEIUT sends a BOOTP request to the GSCU in the same subrack. The GSCU cannot process the request before its startup. Step 3 The remote GEIUT sends a BOOTP request on the Ater O&M link. Step 4 The local GEIUT receives the BOOTP request on the Ater O&M link and broadcasts the request on the GE ports over the local subrack. Step 5 The GSCU in the GMPS receives the BOOTP request, responds with a message, processes the request, and then loads the software to the remote GEIUT on the Ater O&M link. Step 6 The remote GSCU after power-on sends a BOOTP request to the GSCU in the GMPS through the Ater O&M link. Step 7 The transmission of the BOOTP request varies:
z z
If the Ater O&M link is normal, the BOOTP request is sent to the GSCU in the GMPS. On receiving the request, the GSCU loads the software to the remote GSCU. If the Ater O&M link is broken, the BOOTP request cannot be sent to the GSCU in the GMPS. The GSCU in the main GTCS at the remote end starts up from its flash memory and acts as a remote loading control center. When the Ater O&M link goes back to the normal state, the remote loading control center stops processing the BOOTP requests from the other boards in the remote GTCS.
----End
Loading Software to the Other Boards

The process of loading software to the remote service boards is similar to that of loading software to the local service boards. The differences are as follows:
z z
The files downloaded from the GBAM are first saved in the remote loading control center before being downloaded to the other boards. The remote service boards download files through Ater O&M links, which work in active/standby mode. The bandwidth of each Ater O&M link is 1%64 kbit/s to 30%64 kbit/s.
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10 Environment Monitor Subsystem
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Section
Environment Monitor Subsystem
About This Chapter

The following table lists the sections of this chapter. Description Introduces the power system in the environment monitor subsystem Describes the power supply monitoring function of the environment monitor subsystem Describes the fan monitoring function of the environment monitor subsystem
10.1 Power System 10.2 Power Monitoring Function 10.3 Fan Monitoring Function
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10.1 Power System

The power system of the BSC6000 must have high reliability. It is designed with double circuits and a point-by-point monitoring scheme. The power system consists of the following two parts:
z z
Power Lead-In Part Power Distribution Part
10.1.1 Power Lead-In Part

The power lead-in part leads the power from the DC power distribution cabinet into the power distribution boxes of the BSC6000 cabinets. Figure 10-1 shows the lead-in part. Figure 10-1 Power lead-in part
DC power distribution cabinet To the DC power distribution panel -48V1 -48V2 GND PGND PGND busbar in the equipment room
-48V1 -48V2 RTN PGND
-48V1 -48V2 RTN PGND
The power lead-in part consists of the DC power distribution cabinet, power distribution boxes, and the cables between them. The DC power distribution cabinet and the upstream DC power distribution panel do not belong to the BSC6000. The DC power distribution cabinet provides each BSC6000 cabinet with the following:
z z z
Two independent and stable 48 V power inputs Two RTN connections One PGND connection
Typically, the two power inputs work concurrently. If one fails, the other supplies power alone to ensure the stable running of the BSC6000. When the two power inputs work normally, you can repair one of them if it is faulty and keep the reliability and availability of the power system at an optimum level.
-48V1 -48V2 RTN PGND N68-22 cabinet
N68-22 cabinet
N68-22 cabinet
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10.1.2 Power Distribution Part

The power distribution part distributes power inside each BSC6000 cabinet, that is, it distributes power from the power distribution box to the other components in the cabinet. The power distribution box provides two 48 V DC power inputs. After lightning protection processing and overcurrent protection processing, the power distribution box outputs six 48 V DC working power supplies for the components in the cabinet. Every three power supplies form a group and the two groups work in hot backup mode. The range of the working power is from 40 V DC to 57 V DC.
Power Distribution to the GBCR

Refer to the HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Hardware Installation Guide.
Power Distribution to a GBSR

Refer to the HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Hardware Installation Guide.
10.2 Power Monitoring Function

The power monitoring function is used to monitor the power system in real time. It reports the running state of the power system and gives an alarm upon a power failure. Figure 10-2 shows the power monitoring principle. Figure 10-2 Power monitoring principle
Power distribution box MDMC
MSTB
RS485 Service subrack GSCU GBAM
The power monitoring process is as follows: Step 1 The MDMC in the power distribution box on the cabinet top detects the running status of the power distribution box, and sends the results to the Signal Transfer Board (MSTB). Step 2 The MSTB sends the results to the service subrack through the RS485 serial port cable between the power distribution box and the service subrack.
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Step 3 In the service subrack, the signals are transmitted to the GSCU through the serial bus on the backplane. Step 4 The GSCU processes and reports the signals. If it detects any error, it generates an alarm and sends it to the GBAM, which forwards the alarm to the LMT and the M2000. ----End
The MDMC has a temperature sensor and can monitor the temperature of the entire cabinet where the power distribution box is configured.
10.3 Fan Monitoring Function

The fan monitoring function is used to monitor the fan box in real time. It adjusts the speed of the fans in the fan box based on the temperature of the service subrack. The BSC6000 has an integrated design, and therefore every service subrack has a built-in fan box. Figure 10-3 shows the fan monitoring principle. Figure 10-3 Fan monitoring principle
Fan box PFCU
PFST
RS485
GSCU
GBAM
Service subrack
The fan monitoring process is as follows: Step 1 The PFCU in the fan box monitors the running state of the fans and sends the monitored result to the Fan Signal Transfer Board (PFST) in the fan box. Step 2 The PFST sends the result to the backplane in the service subrack through a RS485 serial port cable.
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Step 3 The result is sent to the GSCU in the service subrack through the serial bus on the backplane. Step 4 The GSCU processes the result and reports the processed result. It generates an alarm when it detects any error, and sends the alarm to the GBAM, which sends the alarm to the LMT and the M2000. ----End
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BSC6000 Architecture and Principle

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HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

2 TDM Switching Subsystem .....................................................................................................2-1

3 GE Switching Subsystem .........................................................................................................3-1

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

4 Service Processing Subsystem.................................................................................................4-1

5 Service Control Subsystem ......................................................................................................5-1

6 Interface and Signaling Processing Sub-system..................................................................6-1

7 Clock Subsystem ........................................................................................................................7-1

8 System Signal Flow ...................................................................................................................8-1

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

9 O&M Subsystem ........................................................................................................................9-1

10 Environment Monitor Subsystem.......................................................................................10-1

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

The following table lists the sections of this chapter.

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HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

1.1 Hardware Structure

Signal cable for the alarm box

LMT LMT Straightthrough cable GBCR GBSR

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HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

Figure 1-2 shows a BSC6000 cabinet. Figure 1-2 BSC6000 cabinet

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HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

LMT M2000 server GSM Back Administration Module (GBAM)

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HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

1. Dummy panel 4. LAN switch 7. Air defence subrack

2. GBAM 3. Cabling subrack 5. KVM 6. Service subrack 8. Power distribution box

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HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

1. Dummy panel 3. Air defence subrack

2. Service subrack 4. Power distribution box

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

1.1.4 Service Subrack

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

1 U = 44.45 mm = 1.75 inches.

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

Board GOIUB GOIUP GOIUT GOIUA GDPUC

1.2 Software Structure

Host Software O&M Software

1.2.1 Host Software

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI BSC6000 Base Station Controller Architecture and Principle

1.2.2 O&M Software

The LMT software cannot run on Windows 98.

1.3 Logical Structure