Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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- ) - (
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- ) (
-
-: :
:
:Open Loop
.
:Closed Loop
.
) (-
:
) : (Heating
.
) : (Sensing
.
) :(Controlling
) -( .
: : Heating
: : Heat Sensing
Feedback
Controller
)(-
: Sensor Types
)( RTD's :
) ( RTD's
) o o(
RTD's
PT100,PT50:RTD'S ) (-
RTD PT50,PT150
Temperature
)(-
RTD's
:
. - .
- .
)( :thermocouples
) ( .
)(-
) ( ) (emf
.
.
:
""1800C -
.
- .
)(-
)( : Thermistors
.
- .
- .
. )(-
RTD
260-850
Thermocouple
270 - 1800
Thermistors
80-50
) (- :
- RTD 850C
1800C .
- RTD .
RTD - RTD
)(-
.
:
.
) (- .
:
) (output .
Temperature Indicators
Temperature transmitter
Data Logger
Temperature Controller
: Temperature Indicators -
Thermocouple RTD
.
: Bimetal thermometer -
:
-
- .
- ) (Bulb ) (Capillary
infrared thermometer -
) (infrared
) (-32 to 1000
:
. - .
- Recorder
- )(-
) (4-20mA
.
: Temperature Transmitter-
(0-10 V) (0-
)50mV) (0-20 mA) ( 4-20 mA
) :(-
. (85-265)VAC/DC
) (4-20 mA ):(0-5VDC
: Data Logger -
Data Acquisition Data Acquisition
Data Acquisition -
... .
-
...
Data Acquisition ) (pc
:
* Monitoring
* Control
*Following
* Result Comparison
Digital Signal . Analog signal
Data Logger
.
: Data Logger .
:
- portable
- panel Mounted
Data Logger
Data Logger
.
-
:* -
* .
* )(Scale Range
* C F
* )(Relay Transistor-
*
)(0-8V) ( 0-5V) (4-20mA) (0-10v) (0-50mV
* )(set point
* )(AC,DC
*
)(PT 100,J,K,R,S....
* .
* )(PID-on/off control
- )
( ...
.
:
: Level indicators
: Level Sensors
: Level Controllers
.
: : Level Indicators
: By pass level Indicators
.
) (transmitter .
: : Level Sensors
) (Transmitter
plc
- ) ( Float
) ( output ) (4-20mA
) (0-5v .
. )
( ... ) ( ..
- : pressure transmitters
) (4-20mA
.
.
) (4-20mA
) (-
- ) (-
- )(Radar sensors
.
- ) (output )(0-5v)(4-20mA
:
Transistor OutputRealy Output
Thyristor Output
:
- Float
- Magnetic
- Conductivity
- Capacity
- Optical
- Vibration
- : Float switch
) switch(On/off
) (Float ) (Switch
:
:
) (-
-
- : Reed switches
.
- ) (Reed switch
) (on/off
.
-
- : Conductivity Switches
).(on/off
-
- : Capacitive Switches
-
:
) (-
)(sight tube
.
.
)(-
) -(
)(on/off
- : Vibration Controllers
)Switch(on/off
- ) (
-
* :
:* ) ( ... )
( ...
* ) ( ...
) ( ...
* .
* .
* ) ( ...
* :
. . - .
)
(
.
.
- " "
) (-
:
.. .
:
* ) (Zero Absolute
.
* )(Absolute Pressure
-
* ): (Atmospheric Pressure
(10)5
...
* ) : (Gauge pressure
.
* ): (Positive Pressure
.
* ): (Negative Pressure
.
:
: .
- :
)) (A )(B
) ( ) (Differential pressure )(A
). (B
:
* :
Manometers - Diaphragm Gauge
- : Manometers
) (Differential Pressure
. U
:
U
.
.
- P1 P2
:
P1 p2 = fgh
. :
f /
g /
) : (Mark II ) -( )-(
.
:
.
:
.
...
: ): (Pressure Gauge
) (Differential Pressure Gauges
. :
: Bourdon Tube
)(-
:
) (- C
C
.
. . - .
- G1/4 G1/4
: : Pressure Switches
Electric Switch
)
( ....
:
-
) (-
). (Differential
.
-
).(Switch
) (Switch :
): (Dead Band
) (-
-
.
: : Pressure Transmitter
- PLC
plc
)4-
(20mA ) (0-5v
-
.
- :
:
:
:
:
: :
: K Factor -
K Factor
-: Linearity
K Factor
-: Repeatability
-: Viscosity
: :
- : Magnetic Flow meter
.
:
.
.
) ( -
Ue = BL.V
= Ue
= B
= L
= V
) ( - .
) (
) ( F2
UE = B.L.V
L&B ) (UE V
:
=
) (
) (
* ) (UE )(Q
:
- .
-
.
.
- .
- Clean in Place .
:
- ) ( Conductive Liquids
-
Considerations :
.
) ( -
Advantages :
- . / ) ( 20000 PSI
- ) . / (
- .
- .
Disadvantages :
- ) ( .
- .
- .
Considerations :
- .
-
)(F5
.
) ( F6 ) ( U
.
) ( A
) ( B
) ( C
- ) ( -
.
Advantages :
-
- .
Disadvantages :
- .
- .
Considerations :
-
-
.
- .
:
=
Advantages :
- .
- .
- .
- .
Disadvantages :
- .
- .
- .
Considerations :
-
- .
Principle of Operation :
) ( F10
.
Advantages :
- .
- .
Disadvantages :
- .
- .
- .
Considerations :
:
- .
- .
- : Variable Area Flow meter
Principle of Operation :
.
) ( -
Advantages :
-
.
- .
Disadvantages :
-
.
-
)+( 2% F.S
-
-
- : Differential Pressure Flow meter
Principle of operation :
Laminar Flow
.
Advantages :
- / .
- .
- .
- .
Disadvantages :
- )
( .
- .
.
Considerations :
:
- .
- .
- Ultrasonic Floweret:
Principle of operation :
) ( a
. )( -
Advantages:
- .
- .
- .
Disadvantages :
-
-
- .
Considerations:
- .
- .
: Flow meter Selection
:
Flow Rate
Port Size
) ( Liquid Viscosity
) ( Gas Density
End Connections
Scientific Term
) (
PLC .
. PC and win95/98/NT/2000 only
.
:
cylinders motors limit switches light barriers . etc
.
) (plc )s7-
(300/400
Siemens s7-300/400 sima c step 7 plc so ware
.
:
The machine
The plc
) (The graphic machine editor
PLC ).(Program editor
. PLC machine
PLC
-
( Graphic editor)
( Graphic windows)
.
-
Z X , Y Z,X,Y
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it
again.
.
.
.
. . mm
.
-
machine/new element
-:
- )(Fixing element
properties / father
father origin
linear mover
father linear mover
:
origin
.
- )(properties of the element
name
.
)(father
father
origin
linear mover
father
linear mover
)(position
) (x,y,z
.
)(size
.
)(fix ability
.
)(visibility
) (xy yz zx or 3d
.
-
Automatic hook
.
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may
hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to
d elete the image and then insert it again.
Box
.
.
.
.
.
. limit switch father
. limit switch editor
LED
LED
.
PLC
). (I0.0 or Q0.0 or m10.0 ,., etc
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the
image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file
again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Limit Switch
limit switch
:
PLC ).(I
linear mover .
: limit switch father origin
.
: limit switch master box
.
: PLC
I0.0
.
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Light barrier
photo cell
. Generators photo cell .
photo cell .
photo cell . PLC
photo cell
. photo cell
Distance Sensor
Distance sensor
.
PLC Word ) (QW or IW
IW512 word
IW512
. IW514
Push button & switch
switch
.
Push Button
.
Generator
PLC )(I,Q
.
father
Dynamics
-:
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image,
or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If
the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Delay
Dynamics
Turntable
QW512 .
Destroyer
generator
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the
image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still
appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
.
Text Display
.
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Linear mover
.
box linear mover box editor
Press
) ( Generator
.
.
.
linear mover
limit switch
linear mover press editor
father :
The image cannot be display ed. Your computer may not hav e enough memory to open the image, or the image may hav e been corrupted. Restart y our computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, y ou may hav e to delete the image and then insert it again.
Wedge
.
Divider
.
.
Divider
.
. Divider
.
Transporter
.
-
- .
-
-
- U
-
-
- .