The most common Chinese characters in order of frequency

All characters are presented in falling statistical order with the most commonly used characters first. Alternative forms of the characters are specified within parentheses in which case "F" marks full (or traditional) forms, "S" marks simplified (or modern) forms and "A" marks alternative forms (mostly special numerals). Pronunciations are specified according to Pinyin and written within brackets "[...]". After each given pronunciation, a number of possible translations are listed. If a character corresponds closely to a somewhat longer word (usually a word that contains the character in question), the longer word is given in the list of translations marked with parentheses and a "=". After the translation of each character, example words containing the character are often listed these words are separated by semi commas. No guarantee is given that all the most common words are listed or that the given examples are very common. Some of the listed pronunciations are less used than others, and in those cases translations and examples may lack. Grammatical particles, classifiers and other special translations are marked with hooks "<...>". Curly brackets "{...}" are mostly used when giving references to characters that are similar to the listed ones either in shape. This is to help you avoid miswriting/misreading. The same marking is also used for references to characters with similar meaning but different pronunciation. Additional information of other sorts is sometimes given. If the characters are not displayed correctly, verify that the encoding is set to GB2312. Pronunciations and explanations [de] <grammatical particle marking genitive as well as simple and composed adjectives>; wde: my; gode: high, tall; shde: that's it, that's right; ... sh...de: one who...; . T sh shu Hnyde. He is one who speaks Chinese. [d] md goal [d] true, real; dqu: certainly [y] one, a little; d-y first, primary; knykn have a (quick) look at [y] (used before tone #4); y g rn one person; ydng certain; yyng same; yyu January [y] (used before tones #2 and #3); ydinr a little; yxi some {Compare with (F ) yo, which also means "one"} [sh] to be, ? shbush? is (it) or is (it) not?; shfu whether or not, is (it) or is (it) not? [b] not [b] (used before tone #4); b sh isn't [le] <verb particle marking a new situation or a completed action>; ! N lile! You have come! ! W lile! I've gotten tired! ! N hole! That's OK (now)! . W zh qngle y wi kren. I invited only one guest. [lio] end, finish, settle, dispose of, know clearly, to be able, (= lioji) understand, comprehend; liolia clearly understand, settle (a debt/etc.), to be

Seq.nu Charact m. er

3 4 5

intelligent; liole to be over/ended/finnish/settled; ! N mi blio! You will not be able to sell (it)! [lio] (= lia) to survey/watch {Compare with z child} 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 [rn] person; rnli humankind; ? yu rn ma? Is there anybody here? {Compare with r enter} [w] I, me, my; wmen we, us {Compare with zho seek} [zi] at; xinzi now; cnzi exist [yu] have, there is; miyu haven't, there isn't; ? Yumiyu? Is there or isn't there? Have (you) or haven't (you)?; yude some [yu] (= yu) again, both... and... [t] he, him, his, (she, her, it, its), (= qt) other [tu] (in classical texts) someone else, something else [zh] this; zhr here [zhi] this (before classifier) [zhng] middle, in; Zhnggu China [zhng] hit (a target) [d] big; ? dud? how large?; dxio size; dji everybody [di] difu doctor {Compare with ti very and m tree} [li] come; yunli originally, as a matter of fact; linin coming/next year(s) [lai] (when used as a verb complement); qlai get up [shng] above, on, over, top, (go) up, last, previous [shng] shngshng 3rd tone in Mandarin [shang] (when used as a verb complement) {Compare with xi under} [gu] (= guji) country, state, nation, <family name>; Zhnggu China; Migu USA [g] <general and non-specific classifier>; grn personal; grnzhy personal homepage [g] zg oneself [do] to, towards, until, arrive, reach [shu] explain, scold, refer to, (= shuhu) speak, say; yushu persuade [shu] try to persuade; yushu lobbying [men] <pluralizing suffix for pronouns and nouns referring to persons>; wmen we; rnmen people, persons [wi] for, for the sake of, in order to, in this connection [wi] do, act, act as, be, become; rnwi think or believe that...; ywi think or believe erroneously that... {Compare with bn do}

14

15

16 17 18 19 20

21

22

[z] child, son; zn sons and daughters; rzi son [zi] (noun suffix); zhuzi table {Compare with le <particle>} [h] together, with, (F ) harmony, gentle, mild, kind, <family name>; hpng peace [H] Japan [huo] nunhuo nice and warm [h] join in singing, compose a poem in reply [hu] mix with water [hu] mix, blend [h] complete a set in Mahjong [n] (Alternative feminine form: n) you, your; nmen you (plural) [d] earth, ground, soil, place, position, distance; dzh the Twelve Terrestrial Branches [de] <adverbial particle: descripion + + verb>, ~ly; kuide zu walk quickly [ch] go out, come out, in direction out from something, emit, issue, prouce; chxin appear, emerge, (F ) <classifier for operas and plays> [do] way, path, channel, way, say, a streak (of light), doctrine, <classifier for rivers, topics, etc.>, (= Dojio) Taoism; zhdao know [do] (= do) lead; = lngdo leader [y] also, as well; yx perhaps [sh] period, season, (= shjin, = shhou) time, (= xiosh) hour [nin] year, <family name>; jnnin this year; mngnin next year; qnin last year; zhngnin middle age [de] <adverbial particle: verb + + descripion>; zude kui walk quickly [d] get, reach, achieve [di] should [ji] just, simply, right away; jiyo about to (do something); ! Zh jish w! This is simply me!; . T jiyo q. He is about to leave. [n] that [ni] that (before classifier) [nu] chnnu deep meditation [nu] wnu helpless, unfortunately [n] (= n) what? [ni] (= ni before classifier) which? [yo] want, will, shall, need, important, essential; zhyo main, fundamental [yo] yoqi demand [xi] below, under, (go) down, next (as opposed to previous/last) {Compare with shng above} [y] use, take, according to, because of, in order to; ky OK, may; suy so, therefore, as a result; ywi beyond, except [shng] give birth, life; xinsheng mister, gentleman, Sir

23

24 25

26 27 28 29 30 31 32

33

34 35 36 37

38 39

[hu] can, able, meet, meeting, society, union, party [kui] kuij accounting [hu] hur moment [z] from, since, (= zj) self; zrn nature {Compare with m eye and bi white} [zhe] <verb particle marking a continuing progress/state> [zho] touch [zhu] wear clothes, dress, touch [zho] put in, add, (F ) make move in chess, trick, decieve [q] go, leave, depart (opposite of li) [zh] <subordinator similar to de>, it (in classical texts) [gu] pass, cross, go by, exceed, <verb particle marking that someone has had the experience of doing something, that it has happened at least once>; gu ml cross the street; . w qguo Zhnggu ling c. I have gone to China twice. [ji] home, house, family; guji nation; dji everybody [jie] zhngtinjie all day long; jil (at) home, (in the) family [xu] study, learn; xuxio school; xusheng student {Compare with z written character} [du] correct, answer, treat, agree, mutual, pair; dubuq excuse me [k] ~able, (= ky) may, can, (= ksh) but, however; k'i loveable, cute; k'nng possible, probable, maybe; kkukl Coca Cola [k] khn khan [t] she, her [l] neighbourhood, half kilometer, <family name>, (F ,) in, inside, lining; ? nli? where?; nli there; zhli here [hu] queen, (F ) after, behind, <family name>; hutin the day after tomorrow [xio] small; dxio size [me/mo] (F ,) (interrogative suffix) ? shnme? what?; ? wishnme? why? ! mi shnme! It doesn't matter!, Never mind!; ? znme? how? [yo] (S ) youngest, one (e.g. in bus/house/phone numbers) [xn] heart; xioxn be careful; xnl psychology, mentality; zhngxn center [du] many, much, more; dud how large?; dusho how many/much? [tin] sky, heaven, god, day, (= tinkng) sky; tinq weather { tingn the Ten Heavenly Stems: ji-y-bng-dngw-j-gng-xn-rn-gu (these characters are sometimes used as ordinal numbers} {Compare with f man and w without} [r] (= rqi) and, furthermore, (= rn'r) yet, even so [nng] can, be able; nnggu be capable of; k'nng maybe [ho] good, good to..., easy to...; ! Nho! Hello! [ho] to like

40 41 42 43

44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58

[ho] hohor in perfectly good condition 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 [du] all [d] (= shud) capital city [rn] right, correct, so, like that; surn although; hrn suddenly; dngrn of course; zrn nature [mi] (= miyu) haven't, there isn't; ? Yumiyu? Is there or isn't there? Have (you) or haven't (you)? [m] sink, overflow, disappear, confiscate [r] sun, (= rzi) day; rj diary; rgung sunlight {Compare with yu say, m eye and gn sweet} [y] <family name>, (F ) in, at, for, to, from, by, than {Compare with qin thousand and gn stem} [q] rise, start; qlai get up; dubuq excuse me [qi] (when used as a verb complement) [hi] still, yet [hun] return, give back [f] (F ) deliver, utter, express, shoot, emit, develop, expand [f] (F ) hair [fa] (F ) tufa hair [chng] (= chngwi, = binchng) become, <family name>; chnggng succeed; wnchng accomplish, complete, fulfill; chngy idiom [sh] matter, affair, thing, event, accident, job, responsibility; shqing situation [zh] only, just, merely, <classifier implying "one of a pair", animals, vessels, utensils, etc.>; y zh mo a cat [zh] (F ) single, one, only {Compare with xing brother} [zu] do, make; gngzu work; zuy homework [zu] zujian spoil, waste, humiliate, insult [zu] do [dng] (F ) serve as, (F ) ding-dong [dng] (F ) proper, right, equal, (= dngzu) treat as, regard as [xing] think, feel, consider, want, remember [kn] see, look at, read, think, consider [kn] look after, tend; knshu guard [wn] language, literature, <family name>; wnhu culture; Zhngwn Chinese (written) language [w] without, nothingness, have not [m] nnm <Sanskrit> to give oneself totally to {Compare with tin heaven} [ki] open; kish begin dki open, unfold [kai] (when used as a verb complement)

67 68 69

70 71 72 73 74 75 76

{Compare with bng combine} 77 78 79 [shu] hand, a person skilled in something; hushu wave; pishu clap; wshu shake/clasp hands {Compare with mo hair} [sh] ten; shsn thirteen; wsh fifty; shyu October [yng] use; hoyng useful; byng there's no need; shyng use, apply {Compare with shui swing} [zh] lord, master, host, god, (= zhyo) main, primary; zhy doctrine, ~ism; zhy homepage {Compare with wng king} [xng] go, OK; xngdng action, operation, move, get about, act [hng] line; ynhng bank; hngy profession [hng] shhngzi rows of trees [hng] (phonetic radical) [fng] side, square; dfang place; fngmin aspect {Compare with wn ten thousand} [yu] again, both... and... [r] like, as, as if, (= rgu) if; rc like this [qin] in front, previous, ago, former, first; the day before yesterday [su] place; suy so, therefore; suyu all; csu toilet [bn] basis, origin, edition, <classifier for books, periodicals, files, etc.>; bnrn I, me, myself; Rbn Japan {Compare with m tree} [jin] appear to be, meet with, call on, (= knjian) see; yjian idea, view, opinion; tngjin hear [xin] show, appear, become visible {Compare with bi shellfish} [jng] longitude (both geographic and in Chinese medecin), scripture, constant, regular, <family name>, deal with, (= jngj) manage (a business); yjing already; jnggu pass, go through; jngyn experience; jngyu via, by way of; jngchng frequent, daily; Yjng Book of Changes; [tu] head, top, first, <classifier for livestock, garlic, etc.>; tufa hair [tou] shtou stone [min] face, surface, <classifier for mirrors, flags, etc.>, (F ) wheat flour, (= mintio) noodle; minbo bread [gng] public, official; gngl kilometer; bnggngsh office; gngs company; gnggng public, communal, common; gnggngqch (public) bus; Lgng (honorable and old) Mr Li [tng] same, with; tngzh comrade [tng] (F ) htng lane [sn] three; d-sn shji 3rd World; snyu March

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82 83 84 85 86 87

88

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90 91 92 93 94

95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110

[y] stop, cease, end, (= yjng) already {Compare with j self, which is "open" on the left side} [lo] old, venerable, outdated; losh teacher; loh tiger; lo Zhng old Zhang = dear (friend) Mr Zhang [cng] from, through, join, follower, secondary [cng] hicngcng murky [dng] move, change, arouce; dngw animal; hudng activity; yndng sports [ling] two (before classifier), 50 grams [chng] long, lasting, length [zhng] grow up, chief, head, older, elder [zh] realize, sense, inform, tell, (= zhdao) know; zhshi knowledge [zh] (= zh) wit, (= zhhu) wisdom, (= zhl) intellect [mn] (= rnmn) people, <family name>; mnzh democracy [yng] appearance, shape, form, manner; zhyng like this; znmeyng how? in what way? [xin] show, appear, current; xinzi now; fxin discover; xindi modern [fn] divide, fraction, minute, cent; bifnzhw = 5/100 = 5% [fn] limits of rights or duty [jing] shall; jingli future [jing] general, a piece in Chinese chess mjing mahjongg [wi] outside, outer, other, foreign, beyond, relative on ones mother's/sisters/wife's side; wisn daugthers son; wigurn foreigner; ywi unexpected {Compare with ch place} [dn] (= dnsh) but, still, nevertheless, however, yet [shn] life, incarnation, <classifier for suits of clothing>, (= shnt) body; qnshn in person, personally [xi] some, <classifier for plural or indefinite/small amount>; yxi a number of, some; zhxi rn these people [y] give, offer, help, support, and [y] cny participate in [y] <interrogative/esclamative particle> {Compare with xi write} [go] high, tall, loud, <polite> your, <family name>; tgo improve; goxng happy; gojin <polite> your opinion/idea [y] (= ysi, = yy) meaning, idea, (= yunyi) wish, desire; yt intention; yjian opinion; Ydl Italy [jn] enter, go forward, recieve, drink, eat, submit; jnb progress [b] grasp, hold, handle, <classifier for things with handles, handfuls, chairs, etc.> [b] bzi, br handle

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112 113 114 115

116 117 118 119

[f] (= fl) law, (= bnf) method; Fgu France [c] this; rc (= zhyng) like this; cd (= zhl) here, at this place [sh] solid, true, real; shsh fact; shjshang actually; shzi really [hu] circle, return, reply, turns, times, chapter, Muslim, Hui (ethnic minority), <classifier for chapters, times, etc.>; huli come back; huq go back; hud answer [l] principle; lln theory; gunl manage; xnl psychology, mentality [mi] (= meil) beautiful, (= ho) good, (= mid) virtue, <family name>; Migu USA; miyun US$ miji artist [din] a drop (of liquid), dot, decimal point, a little, a bit, appoint time, select, choose, order food/drink, <classifier for small amounts>, (= dinhu) light a fire; ydinr a little; dintu nod one's head [yu] month, (= yuliang, = yuqi) moon [mng] bright, clear, distinct, next (day or year), <family name>; mngbai clear, understand; mngtin tomorrow [q] its, that, such, they, them; qt other; yuq especially [j] anniversary [zhng] kind, sort, breed, race [zhng] to plant, cultivate [shng] voice, declaration, (= shngyn) sound, <classifier for sounds>; shngmng reputation, fame, statement, declaration [qun] whole, entire, total, complete, <family name>; wnqun completely; nqun safety [gng] (= gngzu) work, job; gngrn worker [j] (= zj) self {Compare with y already, which is "closed" on the left side} [hu] speech, word, language, dialect, (= shuhu) talk, speak [huo] bihuo = bihu vernacular, empty talk [r] child; rzi son; n'r daughter [r] (noun suffix); zhr here; nr there [rn] (when referring to the radical) {Compare with xing brother, j table, y moment} [zh] one who...; zuzh author; hpngzhyzh pacifist [xing] take somebody's part, to, towards, all along, allways, <family name>, (F ) direction, towards, (F ) formerly, previously; xingzh formerly, once upon a time [qng] sensibility, (= gnqng) feeling, emotion; iqng love [b] (= bfen) part, section, unit, <classifier for film, large books, machines,

120 (A ) [r] two; ryu February 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132

133 134 135 136 137

etc.>, (= bdu) troops, army; xb western part; qunb entire 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 [zhng] right, straight, upright, correct [zhng] zhngyu, xnzhng the 1st month of lunar year [mng] (= mngzi) name, personal name, reputation, famous, <classifier for persons with professional or prominent social identities, e.g. students, doctors, soldiers, workers>; zhmng famous; mngc noun [dng] fix, settle, calm, stable, subscribe, (= judng) decide; ydng definite [n] female, (= nrn, = fn) woman [wn] ask, examine; wnt question, problem; fngwn visit [l] (= nngl) energy, vitality, <family name>, (= lliang) strength, force [j] (= jqi) machine; shuynj radio; fij aircraft [gi] give, give to, for, for the benefit of; snggi send/present to [j] give, supply, provide, (= gngj) provide [dng] equal, class, wait, and so on, etc. [j] small table, (F ) jh almost [j] (F ) how many?, a few, (used in numerals) {Compare with r child} [hn] very, quite; hnho very good; ! hn bcu! not bad at all! [y] line of business, trade, occupation, profession, course of study, engage in, <family name>; shngy commerce; gngy industry; zuy homework [zu] most, marking for superlative; zujn recently/soon; zu xhuan favorite [jin] room, between, locality, within given time or space, <classifier for rooms> [jin] gap, interval [gn] bn'gnbg neither this nor that, inexplicit, equivocal, mediocre [xn] new, renew; chngxn again; xnwn news [shn] shnme what? [sh] (= sh) ten [d] strike, hit, get, play, (generalized verb with specific meaning determined by its object); dsuan plan, intend; dki open, unfold; dj strike, hitt, attack, assault [d] dozen [bin] (= fngbin) convenient [pin] pinyi cheap {Compare with sh send and gng more} [wi] place, location, position, <polite classifier for people> [yn] cause, (= ynwi) because, (= yunyn) reason [zhng] weight, considerable in amount/value, (= chnzhng) heavy, weighty, (= zhngyo) important [chng] again [bi] quilt, cover (with), by (indicates passive voice)

154

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[p] pf = bif bedding and clothing, something one hangs on to 160 161 [zu] go, walk, leave [din] (= shndin) (flash of) lightning, (= dinq) electricity; dinhu phone; dinno computer [d] indicating ordinal number, ~th; d-sn shji 3rd World; d-y c 1st time [mn] door, gate, family, house, valve, switch, <family name>, <classifier for courses, braches of science, etc.>; mnku doorway; bmn department; mnlng doorbell [xing] each other, mutual, mode, phase, <family name> [xing] look at, appearance, photo [c] occurence, time, second, inferior, number of times; ling c twice [dng] master, owner, <family name> (= dngfng) east; dngbi northeast; dngxi thing, creature {Compare with ch vehicle} [zhng] (= zhngzh) politics, political affairs, (= zhngf) government [hi] sea, big lake, <family name>, (= hiyng, = dhi) sea, ocean [ku] mouth, opening, entrance, hole, cut, <classifier for mouthfuls, people, wells, etc.>; mnku doorway; rnku population [sh] make, cause to (do), send (as envoy), (= shyng) use, apply {Compare with l and bin official} [jio] teach; . Wng losh jio shxu. Teacher Wang teaches math. [jio] cause, ask to, teach; jiosh teacher, instructor; jioy education [x] west, western; dngxi thing; xbi northwest [zi] again, once more; zijin goodbye [png] flat, level, even; shupng level; hpng peace; pngchng ordinary, common, usually {Compare with bn half} [zhn] true, genuine, really {There are two ways of writing this character!} [tng] listen; tngjin hear; tngbudng don't understand (by listening) [sh] generation, <family name>, (= shji) world; shj century [q] air, gas, vapor, spirit, vital energy; tinqi weather [xn] letter, message, information, (= xingxn) belive in; xnfng envelope [bi] north; dngbi northeast; Bijng [sho] few, little, less, lack [sho] young; shonin juvenile [gun] shut, close, turn off, close down, concern, key part; gunxi connection; guny concerning

162 (A ) [s] four; szhu all around; syu April 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183

184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195

[bng] (F ) combine, merge, (F ) and, equally, truly [bng] Bng Zhu (Taiyuan in Shanxi) {Compare with ki open} [ni] inside; nirng content {Compare with ru meat and bng third} [ji] add, plus, append, (= zngji) increase; cnji join [hu] convert, melt, dissolve, digest, incinerate, (= binhu) change, transform [hu] (= hu) spend [yu] from, let, (= yuy) due to, (= lyu) cause, reason; zyu freedom {Compare with ji helmet and shn explain} [qu] however, but, yet [di] (= dibio) represent, (= shdi) generation, period, epoch, <classifier for periods>; xindi modern (times); shngdi previous generation [jn] army, military, troops [chn] give birth to, (= chnshng) produce, (= chnpn) product [r] (= jnr) enter, get into; shur income {Compare with rn person} [xin] first, before, earlier; xinsheng mister, gentleman, Sir; zxin = xinbi ancestor {Compare with sh lose}

[shn] hill, mountain, <family name>; hushn volcano; shnmi mountain range 196 (A ) [w] five; wyu May 197 198 [ti] great, very, too; titai Madame; tiyng sun, sunshine {Compare with d big} [shu] water, liquid, <family name>; shupng level; shugu fruit; yoshu liquid medecine {Compare with yng forever} [wn] ten thousand, myriad, <family name>; wnsu long live [M] Mq <family name> {Compare with fng square} [sh] (= shchng) market, (= chngsh) city, town [yn] (= ynjing) eye; ynjng glasses [t] substance, (= shnt) body; jt concrete, specific; tz style of written Chinese, typface, font [t] tji (or tj) intimate, confidential [bi] separate, other, don't, leave, differentiate, <family name> [bi] biniu awkward [ch] place, part, point, department, office [ch] deal with, get along with somebody

199 200 201 202 203 204

{Compare with wi outside} 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 [zng] general, overall, always, (= zngsh) sum, total; zngtng president (of a republic) [ci] talent, only then; gngci just now [chng] field, place where people gather, stage, level open ground, country fair, market, <classifier for games, performances etc.> [chng] <classifier for happenings> [sh] (= losh) teacher; shfu master [sh] book, style of calligraphy; shji clerk; tshgun library [b] compare, contrast; bjio relatively; br efor example [zh] live (in a place) [yun] member. ~ist, ~er; wiyunhu committee; rnyun personnel

213 (A ) [ji] nine; jiyu September [xio] laugh 214 215 216 [xng] sex, gender, nature, disposission, ~ness; knngxng possibility [tng] communicate, notify, connect, join, know very well, authority, expert, (= tnggu) go through, <classifier for telegrams>, <family name>; jiotng traffic; Ptngh Common Speach = Mandarin [tng] <classifier for actions> [m] eye; mqin in front of ones eyes, at present; md goal, purpose, aim; ml catalogue, list, list of contents {Compare with z self and r sun} [hu] glory, splendor, magnificent, (= Zhnghu) China [Hu] <family name>; Hu Shn (mountain in Shaanxi) [bo] (= bogo) report, (= bozh) newspaper, (= dinbo) telegram [l] stand, erect, vertical; jinl establish; lk right away; lfngt cube [m] horse; mshng right away mmahh careless, casual {Compare with w crow} [mng] (= shngmng) life, fate, destiny; mnglng command; gmng revolution [zhng] spread, sheet of paper, <classifier for surfaces, tables, postcards, etc.>; jnzhng tense, nervous [hu] live, alive, living, vivid, save someone's life; shnghu life; hudng activity [nn] difficult [nn] disaster [shn] spirit, god; jngshn spirit, mind, consciousness, essence [sh] number, number, figure, fate, plan; shxu math [sh] count, enumerate, list [shu] frequently, repeatedly

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228 229 230 231 232

[jin] item, correspondence, document, <classifier for articles and items>; tiojin term, condition [n] still, quiet; nqun safe, secure; npi arrange, plan, fix up [bio] show, list, table, form, meter, (F ) (wrist-)watch [yun] originally, simple, <family name>; yunli original, formerly, as a matter of fact; yunyn cause, reason [ch] car, vehicle with wheels, <family name> [j] (a piece in Chinese chess) {Compare with dng east} [bi] white; mngbai understand, realize, clear, obvious; bitin daytime; bici cabbage [b] L B = L Bi {Compare with z self and bi hundred} [yng] promise, answer, respond, <family name>, (= ynggi) should, ought to [yng] yngyng apply [l] path, way, journey, distance, means, sequence, logic, sort, grade, class, <family name>, (= dol) road [q] phase, stage, <classifier for issues of periodicals>, (= shq) time period; bnq schedule, time table; xngq week; chngq long term [j] anniversary [jio] cry out, call; jiozu be called, be known as [s] die, death [chng] often, constant, ordinary, <family name>; fichng extremely [t] lift, raise, pick up, carry; tgo improve; tgng provide [d] dfang take precautions or be on guard against [gn] (= gnju) feel, (= gnqng) emotion [jn] (= jnzi) gold, (= jnsh) metals in general [h] what?, where?, how?, <family name>; rnh any; rh how?; jh geometry [gng] more, still/even more, furthermore [gng] replace, transform, night watch; (= gnggi) change, alter {Compare with l official and bin convenient} [fn] turn over, return, revolt, (= fndu) oppose, combat; fnyng reflect [bn] bnbn proper, fitting {Compare with yu friend} [h] close, shut, accord with, conform to, be equal to, together, jointly, <classifier for rounds>, (= jih) combine; hzu cooperate [g] decilitre [fng] put, release, set free, give out, expand, blossom, bloom, lend (money) at interest; jifng liberate, emancipate [zu] do, act, make, produce, write, compose, <slang> to have sex; jiozu be called, be known as; zuf method, way of doing

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245

246 247 248

{Sometimes replaceable with zu do} 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 [x] series, department, faculty, (= xtng) system, (F ) (= linx) integrate, relate to; gunxi concern, affect, matter, (F ) tie, fasten, feel anxious, be concerned [j] (F ) tie, bind [j] (= jsun) count, calculate, plot, plan, <family name>; tngj statistics [hu] (= huzh) or, (= hux) perhaps, mayby, (= knng) probably {Compare with = gu country} [s] gngs company, corporation; slng commander [l] (= ly) interest, benefit, profit, <family name>; lyng utilize; shngl triumph; Ydl Italy [shu] receive, endure, (= jishu) accept; nnshu unhappy [gung] light, merely; ynggung sunlight; gungrng glory [wng] king; wnggu kingdom, realm, domain [wng] (rare) rule {Compare with zh lord and y jade} [gu] fruit, surely, truly, as expected, (= jigu) result, consequence, outcome; rgu if [qn] close relative, kiss; mqin mother; fqin father; qnz in person [qng] qngjia relatives by marriage [ji] (= jixin) boundary, limit; shji world [g] b dg have no relation, have nothing to do with [g] bn'gnbg neither this nor that, inexplicit, equivocal, mediocre [j] reach, come up to, and, in, on, to; yj as well as; jsh promptly [jn] now, this; jntin today [jng] capital city, (= Bijng) short for Beijing; Nnjng; Dngjng Tokyo (or other eastern capital in previous dynasties!) [w] affair, business; rnwu assignment, task; fw service, serve [zh] work out, (= zhd) system, institution, (= kngzh) control, dominate, (F ) (= zhzo) manufacture [ji] separate, explain, untie, undo, take off, dissolve, <mathematic> solution [Xi] <family name> [ji] jisng send under guard [g] each, every, different, separately; gyuqinqi each has his merits [g] zg oneself, by oneself [rn] appoint, no matter, serve a position, allow, trust, official post, <classifier for terms of office>; rnwu task; rnh any [Rn] <family name> [zh] to, until, extremely, most, arrive, reach; shnzh even (to the point of), so much so that; zhsho at least [qng] (= qngchu) clear; qngji clean

270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277

[w] thing, matter; dngw animal; zhw plant; wl physics [ti] <polite> you, (F ) platform, <classifier for performances, engines, computers, TV-sets, etc.>, (= Tiwn) short for Taiwan, (F ) desk, table, (F ) tifng typhoon [ti] Tinti (in eastern Zhejiang) [xing] appearance, likeness, (= dxing) elephant [j] (= jde) remember, (= jl) record {Compare with the "open" radical j self and not the close y already} [bin] on the side of something, margin, limit, <family name>, (= pngbin) side; zhbin over here [gng] share; ygng in all; gngchn communist; gnggng public; gngh republic [fng] wind [zhn] (= zhnzhng) war [gn] stem; gnsh interfere, intervene, (F ) dry [gn] (F ) do { tingn the Ten Heavenly Stems: ji-y-bng-dngw-j-gng-xn-rn-gu (these characters are sometimes used as ordinal numbers} {Compare with qin thousand and y at} [ji] connect, (= jishu) accept; jizhe catch, next; zhji direct [t] it, its [x] allow, somewhat, <family name>, (= yx) perhaps; xdu a lot [h] yh yell in unison, yo-ho-ho

278

279 280 281

282 (A ) [b] eight; Byu August [t] (= tbi) special, particular; tdin characteristic 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 [ju] perceive [jio] (= shujio) sleep; wjio siesta, afternoon nap [wng] look, full moon; xwng hope, wish [zh] straight, directly {Compare with zhn true} [f] (= fw) serve, (= yfu) clothes [f] dose [mo] hair {Compare with shu hand} [ln] (= snln) forest, <family name>; Guln (city in Guangxi) [t] topic, problem, inscribe; wnt question, problem; tm title [jin] construct, establish; jiny suggest [nn] south; xnn southwest [n] nm Sanskrit to give oneself totally to [d] degree, extent, unit (kWh, angle, temperature, etc.), <classifier for units of measurement, occasions, times, etc.>; zhd system, institution

[du] cidu surmise 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 [tng] order, unite, (= xtng) system; tngzh rule, dominate; tngy together, unify, unite, integrate [s] (= yns) colour; lins complexion, look, facial expression [shi] colour [z] written character; Hnz Chinese character; mngzi name; tz style of written Chinese, typface, font {Compare qith xu study} [qng] please, request, invite; qngqi ask, request [jio] join; jiotng traffic; jiohun exchange [i] (= iqng) love; irn spouse, lover [rng] let, allow [rn] (= rnwi) consider, (= rnshi) recognize [sun] (= jsun) count, calculate, compute; sunle forget it, never mind [ln] theory [Ln] Lny The Confucian Analects [bi] hundred [b] chobzng express/cover everything {Compare with bi white} [ch] eat [q] qq <the sound of giggling> [y] justice, (= yy) meaning; zhy ~ism [k] department; kxu science; wik surgery [zn] (= znme) how? [yun] first, primary, dollar [sh] club, organized body, (= shhu) society [sh] skill, (= ysh) art; jsh technique [zh] zhji medicinal wine

[ji] tie; jigu result; jihn marry [ji] bear fruit (A, [li] six; liyu June ) {Compare with xng prosper} [gng] achievement; chnggng succeed; gngfu time (duration), time (when), skill, art, work [zh] point, (= zhtou) finger, toe; zhjia finger nail [s] (= sxing) thought [si] ysi meaning [si] ysi richly bearded [fi] not, non-; fichng unusually, extraordinary, special, very, extremely [li] to flow, stream; dinli electric current; jioli to exchange, alternate

319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347

[mi] every, each; mitin every day [qng] nature's colour blue/green/black...; qngnin youth; qngw frog [gun] tube, (= gunl) manage, supervise; bgun no matter, regardless of [f] man, (= zhngfu) husband; gngfu time, duration, skill; difu doctor [f] (formal) this/that (person) {Compare with tin heaven and sh lose} [lin] connect, including; linmng right away; linx continuous [yun] far [z] money, expenses; zbnzhy capitalism; tuz invest [du] team, (= bdu) army, (= duw) troops [gn] heel, follow, with, and [di] belt, zone, carry, bring, take [hu] flower, spend; hushng peanut [kui] fast, sharp, (= kuil, = ykui) happy [tio] twig, strip, item, <classifier for dogs, snakes, dragons, etc.>; tiojin condition, term [yun] courtyard; xuyun college; yyun hospital; fyun court [bin] change; binchng become; binhu variation; gibin alter [lin] unite, join; linx integrate, relate, link, get in touch with [yn] words; yyn language, speech, word [qun] right, power [wng] to, toward; wngwng often [zhn] expand, spread out, <family name>; fzhn develop, expand, grow; zhnln exhibit, show, display [gi] (= ynggi) should [lng] to lead, collar; lngdo, lngxi leader; bnlng ability [chun] pass, pass on; chuntng tradition [zhun] Confucian classic [jn] near; fjn vicinity; zujn recently, lately, soon [li] remain, stay, (= boli) keep, reserve; lix to study abroad; yli hand down; jli arrest [hng] (= hngs) red; Dngfnghng The East is Red [gng] ngng needlework [zh] govern, cure, punish; zhngzh government [ju] jiju solve, resolve, settle; judng decide, resolve, make up one's mind [zhu] circuit, circumference, cycle, week; zhuwi vicinity, surroundings, entirely; zhushn whole vody

348 349 350 351 352 353 354

[bo] (= boh) protect; bozhng ensure, guarantee [d] reach, arrive [d] <referring to sounds of clocks or footsteps> [t] tot walk casually to and fro [bn] do; bnf method; bngngsh office {Compare with wi for} [yn] carry, transport, ( ynqi) fortune, luck; yndng move, turn around, sports [w] military; wq weapon; wsh martial arts [bn] half, semi~ {Compare with png even} [hu] (= shhou) time, wait, situation

355 (A ) [q] seven; qyu July [b] (= bx) must; bb needn't 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 [chng] (= chngsh) city, wall; chngchng Great Wall [f] (= fqin) father; fm parents [f] old man [qing] strong [qing] strive [jing] jujing stubborn, unbending [b] step; jnb progress, improve; snb take a walk [wn] finished, complete [g] leather; gmng revolution; gig reform [j] bngj about to die of illness [shn] deep; shnk deep, profound; shny deep in the night [q] (= dq) area; qbi difference [u] <family name> [j] namely, that is, even if, (= lj) immediately, at once [qi] seek, ask; yoqi demand, request, requirement [pn] (= chnpn) product; shngpn merchandise, goods [sh] scholar; bsh Ph.D; nsh lady, Ms.; zhnsh soldier {Compare with t earth} [zhun] turn, transfer [zhun] rotate [zhui] zhuiwn to flaunt one's speach [ling] amount; lingc classifier, measure word [ling] to measure [kng] empty, sky [kng] leave empty, free time [shn] very; shnzh even, go so far as to

[shn] (= shn) what?; = shnme what? 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 [zhng] crowd, many; qnzhng the masses; tngzhng audience [j] jsh technology, technique; kj science and technology [qng] light (compare with zhng heavy) [chng] guchng process; gngchng engineering project; chngdu level, degree, extent [go] (= gosu) tell; bogo report, make known [g] gshu distributing feudal calendar [jing] river; Chng Jing Yangtze River; jingshn landscape [y] (= yyn) language; Hny Chinese; yf grammar; chngy idiom [y] tell [yng] brave, outstanding person, (= yngxing) hero; Ynggu England [j] jch base, foundation; jbn basic, fundamental, essential [pi] faction, send; dngpi political parties [p] psi passport, identification [mn] full; mnz satisfied, contented [sh] (= xngsh) form; fngsh way, pattern; zhngsh formal, official [l] (= lzi) plum, <family name> [x] breath, stop [xi] xioxi news; xixi rest [xi] write; mioxi describe, depict [xi] xiy freehand brushwork, sketch {Compare with y and} [ne] <sentence final particle> [n] woolen cloth [sh] know; rnshi know, recognize; shbi tell apart [zh] (formal) remember, commit to memory, mark, sign [j] extreme, pole; Ti J the Supreme Ultimate (in Chinese cosmology); tijqun shadowboxing [lng] make, cause; mnglng command [lng] ream, <classifier for paper> [lng] jlng (= jlng) wagtail (a symbol of brotherly friendship) [hung] (= hungs) yellow [d] virtue; dod ethics; Dgu Germany [shu] gather, (= shudo) recieve, (= shuhu) harvest; shushi put in order; shuynj radio [lin] face [qin] money, copper coin [dng] (political) party, clique; Gngchndng Communist Party;

398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423

Gumndng Nationalist Party [do] fall down, topple [do] invert, (move) backwards, pour, contrary to expectations [do] follow up [wi] have not, did not; wili future {Compare with m end} [ch] hold; jinch persist in, insist on; boch keep, maintain, preserve [q] take, get, fetch [sh] set up; jinsh build, construct; shj design, plan; shbi equipment, facilities [sh] (= kish) begin, start; shzhng all along [bn] printing plate, edition; chbn publish [shung] pair, twin, double; shungfng both sides [l] (F ) lsh history; jngl experience, (F ) rl calendar {Compare with l severe} [yu] the more... the more... [sh] (= lsh) history, <family name>; wish unofficial history {Compare with l official and gng more}

[shng] discuss, business [qin] thousand (F ) {Compare with gn stem and y at} [pin] slice; zhopin photo; pink moment; kpin card [pin] film [rng] contain; rngy easy; nirng content [yn] grind, (= ynji) study, research [xing] resemble, (= xioxing) portrait, image [zho] look for, seek {Compare with w me} [yu] (= pngyu) friend; yuho friendship {Compare with fn turn over} [hi] (= hizi, = xiohir) child; nhir girl [zhn] stand; huchzhn train station [gung] wide, extensive [yn] (when referring to the radical) [gi] (= gibin) change; gig reform [y] (= yln) discuss, confer; huy meeting, conference; jiny suggest, propose [xng] (= xngsh) form, shape; xngchng to form, take shape [wi] wiyunhu committee; witu entrust [wi] xywiy to pretend interest and sympathy

424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449

[zo] early; zofn breakfast; zochen morning [fng] (= fngjin) room, (= fngzi) building [yn] (= shngyn) sound; ynyu music [hu] fire; huch train; huchi match; huyn flame [j] (= binj) boundary; shj reality; guj international [z] (conjunction); yunz principle; fuz or else [shu] head; shuxin first of all; shud capital (of a country) [dn] alone, single, sheet [chn] chny <hist.> chief of the Xiongnu [Shn] <family name> [j] seize, depend on, (= gnj) according to [j] jij short of money, hard up [do] lead; lngdo leader [yng] shadow, image; dinyng movie [sh] lose; shbi be defeated {Compare with xin first} [n] hold; nli bring; nq take; ngi hand over [wng] net; wngqi tennis; yntwng Internet [xing] perfume, fragrant; Xinggng Hong Kong [s] similar; shu it seems [sh] shde alike [s] thus (nowadays used mostly as a phonem in foreign names); fxs Fascist [zhun] (= zhunmn) special, (= zhunji) expert; zhunzhng dictatorship [sh] (= shtou) stone, rock [dn] unit of grain {Compare with yu right} [ru] seem, as if; jiru if; rugn how much? [r] br buddhist widom, prajna [bng] (= shbng) soldier; bngl military strength {Compare with bn guest} [d] (= ddi) younger brother [t] (=) [shu] who? [shi] who? [xio] (= xuxio) school [jio] (= jiodu, jiozhng) proofread [d] read [du] pause in reading [zh] (= yzh) will, (= biozh) mark; tngzh comrade, (F )

450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475

zzh magazine [fi] fly; fij airplane [gun] view, contemplation [gun] Dogun Daoist temple [zhng] contend, dispute; zhnzhng war, warfare; duzhng fight, struggle [ji] ynji study, research; jijng after all [bo] bag, wrap [z] organize, group; zzh organization, organize, form [zo] (= zhzo) manufacture, (= chungzo) create [lu] fall [l] be missing [lo] loshi fade (in colour) [lu] knglulu absolutely nothing left, open/spacious and desolate [sh] look; dinsh television [j] jngj economy; jij help disaster victims [j] jj multitudinous, numerous, magnificent [x] happiness; xhun like [l] (= lki) leave, from [su] (= surn) although [zu] seat, sit, travel by (car/plane/etc.), put a kettle (or similar) on the fire, <classifier for bridges, buildings, etc.>; qngzu please have a seat; zu gngng qch ride a bus [j] (= shuj) collect; jzhng centralize [bin] weave, organize, (= binj) edit [bo] treasure [tn] talk [f] zhngf government [l] pull, drag, haul [l] bnl half [l] slit [l] llag mole cricket [hi] (= his) black; hi'n dark [qi] for the time being; rqi furthermore [j] (only used some personal names) [su] follow; subin as you like [g] check, pattern, standard; gwi especially [g] <the sound of laughter, clicking of a hen>, chuckel [jn] (F ) use up [jn] (F ) to max extent; jngun even though [jin] sword; bojin double-edged sword

476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502

[jing] speak, explain, discuss, stress [b] cloth, spread [sh] kill, fight, weaken, reduce, burn (of medicine) [wi] tiny, micro; wixio smile [p] (= hip) to fear; kp horrible [m] (= mqin) mother; fm parents; zm letters of an alpabet [dio] shift, tone [tio] adjust [j] department, situation; yuj post office [gn] root; gnbn essence, foundation, basic, utterly, (not) at all [cng] (= cngjng) in the past [zng] great- (grandmother) [cng] icngr colloquial to get a scolding [zhn] allow, (F ) certainly, precise; zhnbi prepare; biozhn standard [tun] ball, lump, group; tunji unite, rally [dun] section, paragraph; shudun method, means (to an end), strategy [zhng] end; zhngy finally; shzhng all along; zhngshn life-long [l] enjoy, be glad, pleasure, (= kuil) happy [yu] (= ynyu) music [qi] to cut [qi] correspond to; yqi all [j] grade, level; jij (social) class, steps, stairs, rank [k] (= kf) overcome, gram, (F ) kq set time limit [ki] (=) scold [jng] perfect; jngshn spirit, essence; jijng alcohol [n] what? nr where? [ni] (before classifier) which? [na] (used in orders and exclamations) [N] (in foreign names) [gun] official; gunlio bureaucrat [sh] (= biosh) show, indicate; zhsh point out [chng] (F ) rinse, rush, (F ) rush [chng] (F ) towards [jng] finish, (= jngrn) unexpectedly; jijng actually, exactly, in the end, after all [h] shu it seems; jh almost [nn] male, (= nnrn) man [j] raise; jxng hold (a meeting); xunj election; jl give an example

503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531

[k] (= krn) guest; kgun objective; kqi polite [zhng] prove; tshzhng library card; qinzhng visa [k] bitter; jink arduous; tngk suffering [zho] shine; zhoxing photo [zh] pour, (F ) notes; zhy pay attention; zhsh gaze [fi] cost; xufi tuition [z] foot, (= zgu) enough; mnz satisfy [r] <archaic> you; rhu thereafter; go'rf golf [zho] beckon, recruit, attract; entertain (guests) [qn] crowd, group; qnzhng The Masses [r] hot [tu] push [wn] late; wnshang evening; ywn night; wnfn dinner [xing] sound; yngxing influence [chng] weigh, name [chn] duchn symmetric [xng] goxng glad [xng] xngfn excited {Compare with li six} [di] treat, entertain, wait for [di] (= di) stay [yu] approximately, arrange, appointment [yo] weigh [yng] opposite of yn; tiyng the sun [g] (= gge) older brother [jng] surprise [ma] <interrogative particle> [m] what; ? gn m? What's up? [m] mfi morphine [zhng] (= zhngg) whole; tiozhng adjust; zhngq neat [zh] branch, support; zhch sustain; dzh the Twelve Terrestrial Branches [g] (= gdi) ancient {Compare with sh tongue} [hn] Chinese ethnicity; hnyu Chinese; hnzi Chinese character; lohn old man [t] charge forward, stick out; trn suddenly [ho] name, number, mark [ho] yell [ju] cut off, absolute

532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561

[xun] (= xunz) choose, select; xunj election [ba] at end of sentence, indicates suggestion [b] snap! [cn] cnji participate [shn] rnshn ginseng [cn] cnc uneven, irregular [kn] periodical, publication; bokn periodical publications, the press [y] inferior, second; Yzhu Asia [f] (F ) huf recover, (F ) fz complicated, complex, (F ) cover [shng] wound, injury, injure; chungshng trauma [li] category, kind, type; lis similar [bi] (= zhnbi) get ready, prepare; shbi equipment [hun] (= hunl) happy, joyous; xhuan like [lng] other; lngwi other, besides [gng] harbor; Xinggng Hong Kong [sh] power; xngsh circumstances; zsh posture [k] carve, quarter hour, moment [xng] star; huxng Mars; xngq week [dun] cut off; bdun unceasing; pndun judge [chn] display, explain, stale, (dynasty 557-589) [zhng] palm of the hand; zhngw grasp [nng] (= nngmn) farmer, peasant; nngy agriculture [y] (= ywn) night; bny, wy midnight; yl at night [bn] sort, kind; ybn ordinary [pn] happy [b] br buddhist wisdom, prajna [nin] miss, read aloud; gunnin concept; ninsh study [ji] (F ) (= jizh) value, (= jiqian) price [jie] (F ) [ji] servant [no] (= nozi) brain; nodai head; nok skull; dinno computer [gu] gul regular pattern; gudng regulations [d] bottom; chd thorough; dod after all [g] cause, therefore; gshi story; gy on purpose [shng] province, economize, omit [xng] fnxng introspection [m] mother, mom; mma mama [gng] firm, (= gngci) just (a moment ago)

562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589

[j] sentence [xin] appear; xinrn obvious [xio] disappear; xioxi news; xiomi perish [y] (= yfu) clothing [y] wear (clothing), give (clothing) to others to wear [l] land; continent [li] six (= li) [q] utensil, (= jqi) machine; wq weapon [qu] true; zhngqu correct; qush indeed; mngqu explicit [p] smash; phui ruin; pln worn out [j] gngj tool; jyu possess; jt concrete; wnj toy [j] (= jzh) live, reside; jmn resident; jrn unexpectedly [p] <classifier for a batch/lot>, comment, criticize, refute; ppng criticize [sng] see somebody off, deliver, give [z] zhoz marsh, swamp; sz colour and lustre; Mo Zdng CCP leader and founder of the PRC [jn] tight; jnzhng tense; yojn important [bng] (= bngzh, bngmng) help, gang [xin] line, thread; gungxin light ray; dinxin (electric) wire [cn] (= cnzi) exist; bocn preserve [yun] wish [q] marvellous, (= xq) rare, strange [j] odd (not even) [hi] harmful; hichng destructive insect; lhai fierce [zng] (= zngji, = zngzhng) increase [yng] poplar tree; snjioyyng cottonwood [lio] (= cilio) material, expect, anticipate; zlio means, data, material [zhu] prefecture; Gungzhu Canton [ji] joint, section, festival, holiday, (= jir) holiday [ji] knot, link; jizi gnarl, knot (in wood) [zu] left; zubin left side [zhung] dress up, load, install, (= jizhung) pretend [y] (= rngy) easy, change; Yjng Book of Changes [zh] write, book [zhe] (S ) [zho] (S ) [zhu] (S ) [zho] (S ) [j] urgent; zhoj anxious; jmng in a hurry

590

591

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[ji] (for a) long time [d] low; jingd reduce; dj elementary; god height [su] years old; sushu age; wnsu long life, Your/His Majesty, "Banzai" [x] (= xyo) need; bx essential [ji] wine; pji beer; hji drink wine [h] river; Hnn shng Henan Province; ynh canal [ch] beginning, first (in order); chb preliminary; qch at first [yu] (= yuyng) swim, (= lyu) travel [yn] severe, stern [ti] iron; dti underground, subway [z] (= mnz) people, nationality, (= zhngz) race [ch] get rid of, divide, (= chle) except [fn] portion, share, copy, <classifier for portion, share, copies of newspapers etc.>, college degree [gn] dare; ynggn brave [h] recklessly; nonsense (F ) (= hzi) beard (F ) htng lane [xu] blood [xi] blood [q] stand on tiptoe, hope for, look forward to; qy enterprise; qt attempt; penguin [rng] (= rngrn, = rngji) still, yet, as before [tu] throw; tupio vote [wn] smell, hear; xnwn news [du] 10 liters; yndu tobacco/opium pipe; Biduxng The Big Dipper, The Plow [du] (F ) fight [j] shj century; jnin memento; jl discipline [J] <family name> [jio] foot; chjio barefoot; jiozh toe [ju] (= jio) role, part, character, actor, actress [yu] right; yubin right side; zuyu around, nearby, more or less {Compare with sh stone} [s] sxng revive; Szhu; Slin USSR [bio] mark; biozhn standard [fn] rice, food [yn] say, (F ) (= yncai) cloud [bng] sick; mobing malfunction [y] (= yxu) medical science; yshng doctor; yyun hospital [] lb Arab

[] mtug Amitabha = Buddha preserve us 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632 633 634 635 636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644 645 646 647 648 649 [d] (= hud) answer [d] dying respond, promise [t] earth, (= td) land, (= trng) soil {Compare with sh scholar} [kung] qngkung circumstances; kungqi moreover [jng] border, territory; hunjng environment [run] soft; runjin software [ko] (= kol) consider, (= kosh) exam [ning] mother, aunt [niang] gniang girl [cn] village, rustic; nngcn countryside, village [do] knife [j] beat, strike, knock; dj strike, hitt, attack, assault [jn] (= jnjn) only, barely [ch] examine, investigate; jinch inspect [Zh] <family name> [yn] draw, stretch, (= ynq) cause, (= xyn) attract [cho] towards, dynasty; Choxin Korea [zho] (morning) [y] raise, educate; jioy education [y] hngy heave-ho, yo-ho [x] (= jx) continue; linx continuous [d] only, alone; dl independent [lu] (= luwng) birdnet; Lum Rome; lupn compass [lu] lusuo wordy, troublesome; llilulu the sound of boiling/rumbling/etc. [mi] buy [h] door, household; chungh window [h] (= boh) guard, protect; hshi nurse [h] drink [h] shout [png] pngyu friend {Compare with l beautiul and c book} [gng] supply [gng] confess [z] duty; zrn responsibility [xing] (= xingm) item [bi] back [bi] carry on the back

650 651 652 653 654 655 656 657 658 659 660 661 662 663 664 665 666 667 668 669 670 671 672 673 674 675 676 677

[y] I, me, (F ) left-over, extra; the rest; cosine [x] sparse, scattered, watery, this; xwng hope; xq rare, strange; Xl Greece [wi] defend; sanitary; satellite [li] column, line up; lich train; pili arrange [t] picture; dt map; tshgun library [sh] room; jiosh classroom; wsh bedroom; bngngsh office [lun] chaotic, disorderly, messy; hnlun chaos [Li] <family name> [y] father; yye grandpa [lng] dragon; knglng dinosaur [zn] (= znmen) we = you and I [zan] (abbreviation for zown) all the time, morning and evening, sooner or later [zhng] chapter, seal, stamp, medal, badge, rules [x] mat, seat, banquet; zhx chairperson [cu] (= cuw) mistake; bcu not bad, pretty good; ! ydinr bcu! perfectly correct! [xing] (elder) brother; xingd brothers {Compare with (F ) r child and zh only} [n] (= hi'n) dark; secretly; gloomy; hint [chung] chungzo create [chung] chungshng trauma [pi] arrange, row, line [pi] pizch handcart [chn] (= chntin, = chnj) spring; chnjun spring roll; chnxiqidng the four seasons [x] (F ) (= bx) must, (F ) (= hx) beard [chng] chngrn admit; jchng inherit [n] desk, (law) case; d'n answer or solution to a problem [mng] hurry, busy; help; right away [h] shout, exhale; hx breathe; hunh cheer [sh] tree; shln woods; shm trees; shgn trunk [tng] painful; tngk suffering; tngkuai delighted [chn] to sink; chnzhng heavy [chn] hichnchn pitch-black [a] (used as phrase suffix, indicating obviousness/impatience) [] (indicating elation); !! ! W yu yngle! Ha! I've won again! [] (indicating doubt or questioning), huh?; ?? ?? N shu shenme? Huh?

What are you saying? [] (indicating puzzled surprise) [] (indicating agreement/approval); ,! ?, hoba! Well, OK! 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 686 687 688 [lng] clever, spirit, soul, elf; lnghu nimble, easy [zh] duty; zhgng staff; zhy occupation [xing] countryside, home town [x] thin; zx careful; xbo cell; xingx detailed [s] gosu tell; ssng lawsuit [ti] form; tidu manner; zhungti state [tng] (= tngzh) stop; tngchchng parking lot [yn] (= ynshu) print, (= ynzhng) seal [b] writing implement; brush; pen; pencil [xi] (= xitin) summer; chnxiqidng the four seasons [zh] (= bngzh) help [f] blessing, good fortune, (= xngf) happiness, happy; zhf invoke/wish a blessing; Fjin {It is common to hang calligraphy of this character up-side-down on doors, in order to get people to note that f dole = "The 'Fu' is up-side-down", which is pronounced just as = "Fortune/happiness has come"} [kui] piece, lump, chunk, (= yun) Chinese dollar [lng] cold; lngjng calm [qi] ball; zqi football (soccer); dqi the Earth [g] gniang girl [hu] row (a boat) (F ) scratch [hu] (F ) (= jhu) plan (F ) [j] since, already; jrn since, now that [zh] (= wzh) matter, substance; zhling quality, mass [b] wiba tail; zub mouth; Bx Brazil [b] zubzi mouth, a slap in the face [zh] send, convey; yzh identical, (F ) xzh careful [wn] harbor; Tiwn [yn] (= bioyn) perform, act, performance [m] tree, (= mtou) wood; {Compare with bn root and d big} [wi] soft leather, <family name> [gui] blame, (= qgui) strange; guiwu monster [wi] surround; wiq Japanese "go" [jng] still, quiet; jngdin static electricity [png] (= pngbin) side

689

690 691 692 693 694 695 696 697 698 699 700 701 702 703 704 705 706

[bng] (=) 707 708 709 710 711 712 713 714 715 716 717 718 719 720 721 722 723 724 725 726 727 728 729 730 731 732 733 734 735 [yun] (= huyun) garden, (= gngyun) park [fu] not; shfu whether or not, is (it) or is (it) not? [p] bad, inferior; zngp pass judgment (on people) [f] assist, vice-; fc adverb [j] binj edit; luj <loan> logic [ci] pick, gather (F ) [ci] (F ) cid fief [sh] eat, (= shw, = shpn) food [s] feed [dng] climb [gu] enough; nnggu be capable of [si] contest; match, race [m] (= mfn) rice, meter; ym corn [ji] false [ji] (= jiq) vacation [jio] relatively, quite; bjio compare, relatively [jio] (bjio = bjio) [ji] (= jijie) older sister; xiojie young lady [lu] story, building; mansion; lut stairs [hu] (F ) (= hud) get, obtain, (F ) shuhu harvest [sn] grandchild; zsn children and grandchildren, descendants; Sn Wkng monkey with supernatural powers in the nobel "Journey to the West"; Sn Zhngshn = Sn Yixin = Sun Yat-sen, leader of the Republican Revolution and the KMT [xun] (= xunb) declare; propaganda [chun] penetrate, wear [sh] poem; shrn poet [g] song; chngg to sing [s] fast; sd speed [h] disregard, (= hrn) suddenly, (= h'r) now... [tng] hall; shtng dining hall, canteen; ktng classroom [tng] lingtngtng brightly lit, brilliant [d] ( drn) enemy; enemy troops [sh] try, test; kosh test, quiz [xi] thank; xixie thanks; [yng] entreat, center; central; beg, plead [hui] bosom, cherish; huiy suspect; huinin cherish memory [g] (= zhogu) look after; gk customer

736 737 738 739 740 741

[yn] (= jngyn) experience [yng] camp; campfire; do business [zh] (= tngzh) stop [xng] family name; xngmng full name (family name and personal name); Nn guxng? (May I ask for) your family name, Sir/Madame? [yng] raise, nourish; yngyng nutrition [l] mil beautiful; majestic [L] Korea {Compare with png friend and c book} [sh] belong to, be subordinate to, born in a specific year acoording to the Chinese calendar [zh] enjoin [jng] scene, scenery; fngjng scenery, landscape [gu] outer wall of city, <family name> [y] (= yko) depend on, comply with, according to; yrn still [wi] wixi threaten, imperil; shwi demonstrate; Nuwi Norway [n] press, (= nzho) according to; nm massage [] evil [w] () hate [] () nauseous [mn] slow [zu] (= zuwi) seat, place, stand, pedestal, base, <classifier for mountains, bridges etc.> [zu] crime, guilt [wi] xinwi fiber; wih safeguard; swi think [jin] (= jinjin, = zhjin) gradually [jin] dip/soak in liquid [shng] (= shngl) victory, triumph, win [cng] store; conceal, hide [zng] (= Xzng) Tibet [hung] hungd emperor; hunghu empress [ji] street; street, neighborhood; street-corner [j] surge, dash, (= jdng) excite; jli intense [y] different; ychng unusual [zhi] pick, take off, select [jio] horn, corner, dime [ju] actor, role [qio] look [f] carry on shoulder, suffer, negative

742 743 744 745 746 747 748 749 750 751 752 753 754 755 756 757 758 759 760 761 762 763

764 765 766 767 768 769 770 771 772 773 774

[sh] carry out; cush to measure, step; construction [m] mfn model; mfng imitate [m] myng appearance; mzi mold, pattern, die [co] grass; comi strawberry [mu] certain, some; murn somebody [yn] silver; ynhng bank [l] (= lshui) dew, show, reveal, betray [lu] reveal [zhn] battle array, <classifier for phases, spells etc.>; y zhn fng a short period of time [zh] (= zhde) be worth, (= jizh) value [bn] class, work; shngbn go to work; zhbn be on duty [cng] layer, level, storey [xi] repair, decorate; xigi revise [ch] differ, wrong [ch] difference [chi] [c] rank [cu] stumble [wi] (= widao) flavor, taste [zh] weave, knit; zsh organize; fngzh spin and weave [yo] medicine, drug [gun] building; restaurant [m] thick, dense [ling] bright, light, shine, loud and clear; pioliang handsome, beautiful, remarkable, brilliant, smart [l] fl law; lsh lawyer; jl discipline; xunl tune, melody [x] linx practice; xux study; xgun habit [tin] field; tiny open country [jin] jindn simple; jintz simple form character [min] exempt; bmin avoid; minfi free [d] () poison; () drug; virus [gu] return [b] (= blng) wave; bchnga wavelength [xng] mould, type; dinxng typical [w] ( wzi) room, (= fngw) building; roof [hun] change, exchange [ji] help, rescue; jimng! Help! Save me!

775

776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 792 793

794 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 802

[j] to mail; jshngchng parasite [d] emperor; dgu empire; Shngd God [tu] go backwards, (= hutu) retreat; chtu withdraw [yng] (= hiyng) ocean; Tipng Yng Pacific Ocean [yng] nunyngyng warm [s] silk, thread [h] lake; hp lakes; Hnn; Hbi [shu] (= shujio) sleep [lo] (= lodng) labor [lo] encourage, console [f] (= fn) woman; ff married couple [b] eldest brother, uncle [bi] dbizi eldest brother of one's husband [bai] shbai cousinship on father's side [b] (=) {Compare with bi hundred} [n] Buddhist nun; Njilgu Nicaragua; nlng nylon [p] (= pf) skin [z] ( zxin) ancestor; zm grandmother [xing] powerful, male; yngxing hero; xingwi grand; xingj rooster [hn] (= jehn) marry; hnl wedding; hnyn marriage [kng] jinkng health; Kngx Zdin dictionary compiled in the Kangzi period [png] criticize, comment, review [zhu] pursue [h] exhale, sip, aha!, <the sound of laughter, etc.> [h] <family name> [h] hsa shake, swing; hshim Chinese forest frog [lu] net, twine [lo] gulo involvement, implication [din] (= shngdin) store, shop; fndin restaurant [fn] turn over; fny translate [hun] ring; hunjng environment, surroundings [l] ceremony; hnl wedding; lmo polite [po] run [po] paw the earth [cho] (= chogu) go past, exceed, (= choj) super [y] (F ) leaf (of a plant) [xi] harmonize

803

804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820

821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850

[y] press, pressure [y] ygn from the start, in the first place, altogether, entirely, totally, at all, simply [zhn] fortune telling [zhn] occupy; zhnlng capture [jn] even; pngjn average [yng] (= yngyun) always, forever, eternal {Compare with shu water} [li] (= qingli) intense; ardent; martyr [jing] prize, award; bonus; scholarship [p] old lady; lopo wife [gn] catch up [f] (= fyu) rich; fngf abundant; cif wealth [ln] lnhu orchid [l] record; jl take notes; tape recorder [hu] draw, picture [y] meet; ydo encounter [dn] to pause, meal [y] skill, (= ysh) art; wny literature and art [p] ptng common; Ptnghu Common Speach = Mandarin; pbin universal [pn] judge; ppn criticize [yun] (= liyun) source, origin; zyun resources [y] 100 million [s] plain, white, vegetarian; yns factor, element [chun] boat, ship; dchun ferry; yzhu fichun "cosmic flying boat" = spaceship [j] (= jx) continue; jchng inherit [shng] esteem; goshng noble, lofty [shang] hshang monk [zu] ( zuba) mouth; zuchn lip [ch] gunch observe; jngch police [y] rain; rainwater; bofngy rainstorm [yu] excellent; fine; outstanding; yuyu superior [nn] <polite> you; Nn guxng? (May I ask for) your family name, Sir/Madame? [xin] ( wixin) danger; boxin insurance [yn] (F ) smoke, cigarette, mist [yn] (=)

851 852 853 854 855 856 857 857 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878

[ji] (=) steps; class; rank; phase [dn] carry on a shoulder pole [dn] two buckets full, 50 kg. [sn] break up, distribute, dispel [sn] fall apart, scattered [bn] board, hard, (F ) lobn shopkeeper, proprietor, boss [zhng] (F ) bell, clock; 3 o'clock, (F ) zhng'i dote on, <family name> [fng] (= fngwn) visit; gather material [mi] ( mimei) little sister; jimi sisters {Compare with m = wife of the last ruler of the Xia dynasty} [shn] stretch [F] Buddha; Fjio Buddhism [f] fngf seem [xin] limit, bounds; limited; restrict [to] (= toln) discuss; toyn digusting { tokuci = () to ge jl(hu) to ask for something as a token of good omen} [ln] overlook, be adjacent to; temporary [W] <family name>, Wu Kingdom (222-280 A.D.) [yo] shake [tio] jump; tiosn parachute; tiow dance [q] (= wnq) curved [q] melody [lin] white silk, (= linx) practice [gu] jigu structure; constitute; [wn] play; wnj toy; hownr fun [y] ( ysh) jade; ym corn {Compare with wng king} [fn] violate; fnzu commit a crime; criminal [chng] (= gngchng) factory [kn] be willing to, consent; kndng definitely [xi] xizu cooperate [xng] good fortune, luck; xngf happy [hu] wave, wield; command an army; wave (one's hand) [xio] (= xiogu) effect, result; yuxio effective [q] zhngq neat; yq together [zhi] (=) [z] (=)

879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909

[fng] to seal; feudal; envelope [wn] (= wnnun) warm; wnd temperature [y] ( huiy) doubt, suspect; chy hesitate [ru] flesh, meat; jru muscle {Compare with ni inside} [gng] (= jngng, = gngj) attack; specialize in studying [zh] paper; bozh newspaper [c] plan; zhngc policy [chng] fill; chngfn full, ample; chngmn full of [dng] top, <classifier for hats etc.>; y dng mozi a hat [xn] (= xnzho) seek [xn] xnsi [nng] (= nngyun, jngk) prefer, rather [nng] tranquil [sh] sand; shm desert; shqi dune; shf <loan> sofa [fng] embankment, guard, protect, anti[zhu] grab, seize, arrest, attract, scratch [l] (= lzi) example; lr for instance [g] thigh, section [mi] sell; ? Pnggu znme mi? How much are the apples? [shn] along, in the same direction as, obey, suitable [jng] jngch police; jnggo warn [mng] dream [j] drama, play, opera; jli severe [shn] good; gishn improve; be good at [mng] to cover, ignorant [mng] cheat [Mng] Mngg Mongolia [pio] ticket [ling] ( yuling, ) good; lingxn conscience [fn] <family name>; (F ) fnwi scope, range; mfn model, fine example [jin] hard, solid, firmly; persist; firm [dun] hold sth. level with both hands, extremity, end [ko] lean on, rely on, keep close to, come up to, near [z] mixed; fz complicated; zzh magazine [z] llilz rambling [gu] expensive, valuable

910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938

[n] anger, rage [go] stalk of grain, draft, sketch, manuscript [pi] clap, paddle; pngpngpi ping-pong paddle [l] rate, proportion; pnl frequency [shui] shuilng lead, command [ji] old (not new) (compare with lo old, not young; xn new) [dio] drop, fall [la] corresponding to le plus a, <interjection indicating excitement/doubt> [l] hll flapping sound [l] ll chat, gossip, jaw; lgu chat, gossip [m] nothing; not; md greatest; mmngqmio baffling, inexplicable [shu] award, give; teach; jioshu professor [shu] guard; boshu conservative [yu] oil; qyu gasoline; jingyu soy sauce [yu] lyuyu bright/fresh green; byuyu bluish green [n] kindness; Zhu nli [j] accumulate; jj positive; area [y] (= ly) advantage, proft [xin] county; xinzhng county magistrate [k] cry, weep [b] stop; strike; ble that's all [p] (=) tired, weary, exhausted [tng] jitng family; court; courtyard [chung] (= chunghu, = chungku) window; curtain [yng] raise; fyng develop, promote [wng] (= wngj) forget [wng] [w] noon; morning; afternoon; lunch {Compare with ni cow} [k] block, calory, card [qi] checkpoint [xu] snow; xuhu snowflake; huxu to ski [ci] vegetable, dish [pi] tablet, brand, cards, dominoes; pizi sign, label, logo [ni] ox, cow, bull; nini milk {Compare with w noon} [tu] take off; tul break away [b] abundant, plentiful; Ph.D.; universal love; bqgun museum

939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967

[zhng] 10 ch = 3 1/3 meters, to measure land, male elder relative/person; zhngfu husband [dn] bomb; bullet [tn] play guitar [zhu] continent; Yzhu Asia; uzhu Europe; Fizhu Africa [sng] pine tree; squirrel, (F ) loose [hui] (F ) bad [p] (=) [Dng] <family name> [xin] fresh [xin] few, rare; Korea [dun] short (opposite of chng) [b] by graduate; bjng after all [zh] put, place; wizhi position [chu] qngchu clear [ch] kch misery [u] uzhu Europe; um ohm [l] brief, slight; lwi slightly [zh] zhhu wisdom; zhl intellegence [do] island [kng] (= dkng) resist; revolt; protest [q] (= qzi) wife [bo] hug, embrace [zi] carry, be loaded with [zi] put down in writing [bi] ( shbi) lose, be defeated; fbi corrupt [qing] gun [chng] chnchng comet [sh] hsh suitable, appropriate [d] dcng follow, go to [x] empty, void; qinx modest; xxn open-minded; kngx hollow [y] prepare; beforehand; forecast [jng] eye [jing] ynjing eye [c] thorn, prick, stab, irritate, (= csh) assassinate [c] wham [di] dad; didie daddy; did daddy [fn] one after another; jifn dispute; [ji] jisho introduce; preposition

968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999

[ku] boku include; giku generalize [xio] melt (metal), remove, sell; sold out [jing] fall, descend [xing] tuxing surrender [y] fish; jny goldfish; shy shark [bn] run fast, flee [bn] go straight towards [rn] endure, tolerate; rnbuzh can't bear, can't resist [zng] ancestor, clan, faction; religion; ancestry [pn] disk, tray; sunpn abacus; chessboard [r] (= rduo) ear; earphone, headphones [y] wild [xn] interrogate; tngxn news report [pi] match, deserve; distribute; pih cooperate [jn] ( jnzh) prohibit [jn] endure; bjn can't resist (doing something) [su] rope; ssu think deeply; suxng simply, just [Zho] <family name> [m] silent; mm silently; chnm reticent; yum humor [t] on foot, follower; tdi apprentice; fit gangster [ji] frame, rack, shelf, put up, <classifier for planes, radios etc.>; y ji fij an aeroplane; shji bookshelf [dng] lamp [fng] mountain peak [zhung] (= zhungti, = zhungkung) condition, state of affairs [kun] fund [y] (= ydng) move; shift, transform; transplant [b] dad; bba daddy [tu] hold in the palm, rely on; witu entrust [hng] (= hngshu) flood, vast, <family name>; hngling loud and clear, magnanimity [shng] liter, rise, ascend [hu] <classifier for groups, crowds, bands etc.>, group of people. (= hubn) partner; jihuo fellow [dng] conclude (compare with dng decide) [ho] long fine hair, milli-; hob not at all [h] hli fox [zhn] town, press down, calm, cool

1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031

[chung] bed; chungdn sheet; river bed [h] hxing each other; xingh mutually, reciprocal [to] set, cover; glove; y to yfu a (full) suit (of clothing) [l] (= lxng) travel; lgun inn; lxngsh travel agency [to] ( topo) escape, flee [m] curse; ? Mma m m ma? Does mama curse the horse? [sh] transport, lose (compare with yng win) [chng] sing; [jng] sujng pacify, appease [m] mm secret; secretary [b] Peru [c] word; cdin dictionary; dngx verb; chu vocabulary [kn] (= knnn) difficult, (F ) tired [li] (, ) tear; teardrop [sh] cooked, ripe, familiar; shx know well [shu] <colloquial variant> [ci] wealth; fci get rich [gu] ghost; ( mgu) devil; guzi foreign devil [g] ( gtou) bone [g] glu roll [shn] explain {Compare with ji helmet and yu from} [y] desire, wish; ywng desire, lust [zhng] journey; The Long March, attack, (F ) evidence, levy [s] () personal, (= syu) privately owned, be private, (= zs) selfish [w] ( tiow) dance [qi] autumn, fall; chnxiidng the four seasons [j] (= jd) huge, gigantic [yng] ( hunyng) welcome [xi] yuxi excellent; xicai scholar [go] do [dng] 4th in a series, cubes (in food preparation), <family name> [zhng] zhngzhng clang, clank [x] inhale; hx breathe; xshu absorb; xyn attract [shn] shnpn bring to trial; interrogate [bin] all over, everywhere; universal, <classifier for repetitive times/occurrences>; ! Zi shu y bin! Say (it) once more! [qing] (= qingb) wall

1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063

[zh] vermilion, bright red [shng] holy; sage, saint; Shngdnji Christmas [b] ( bmin) avoid; tob escape, evade [yu] leap [j] envy, avoid, quit; jhui taboo [zhu] table; y zhng zhuzi one table [zh] hold in hand; zhxng carry out [bi] grieved; pessimistic; tragedy [y] (math:) field; territory; valley; region [xio] dawn; ( xiode) know [nng] do; nngchn court jester [lng] alley [wng] flee, lose, die [qio] bridge [bi] generation; older generation, ancestors [shn] () get out of the way, flash; lightning [yn] hidden; ynyu faint, indistinct [jn] strength, energy, spirit [jng] [no] () noisy; alarm clock [kng] (= kngp) I'm afraid; kngb terror [ya] <sentence final particle like a> [y] ah, oh [f] pay [jng] ( znjng) respect [jin] prison; supervise [jin] eunuch [tng] hall; cntng dining room [k] warehouse; shjk database [zhn] shake, shock; earthquake [ci] (= cilio) material; jioci teaching material [bng] ice; bngxing refrigerator; bngling ice-cold; Bngdo Iceland; bngqiln icecream [xng] become sober, wake up; remind [qng] qngzh celebrate; qngh congratulate; qngxng rejoice [l] ( ls) green [l] (in some place names) [tu] leg; ability to walk; ankle; thigh

1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095

[sh] state, narrate; describe; above-mentioned [x] slowly, gently, <family name> [zn] (, ) respect [yng] hard; yngjin hardware [] () forehead; quota [w] (= cuw) mistake [ji] borrow, lend [n] receive, accept, enjoy, pay, sew [zh] fold; break; change direction [sh] break [zh] turn over [shu] sell; sell goods [y] ychun inherit; yhn regret [wi] give [bo] violent, sudden; expose [p] (=) [qu] ( quf) lack, be short of; qudin shortcoming [m] be lost; W mle l I am lost; mxn superstition, blind faith/worship [l] <family name>; ( lmng) rude; dull [tn] (= tnsu) explore [hu] (= huw) goods; hub money, currency [tng] rtng children [hun] ( hunmn) slow [wi] () great, mighty; hngwi, xingwi grand [jn] (= jnzh) monarch, sovereign, (= jnz) gentleman; tyrant [zhung] village; zhungjia crops; solemn [fn] ordinary; ( fnsh) every; extraordinary [wi] dangerous; crisis; endanger [sho] roast, cook, burn (compare with cho stir-fry) [ci] ( sci) colour; cis multicolour [qing] rob; snatch; scrape [qing] [kng] ( kngs) accuse, (= kngzh) control [xing] (, ) chest; () heart, mind [x] ( xj) drama, play; yux game [pin] sheet of paper, piece of writing [q] interest, fun; interest; interest, taste

1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127

[sh] bundle; shf tie up; jish finish [wi] call; so-called [gi] roughly, most likely; concept; spirit [sh] shoot, fire, send out; inject; archery [k] lesson; kbn textbook [dng] hole, cave [m] hemp, (= zhma) sesame; mfan bother [m] mmahi dusk; lunmm messy, disorderly [bi] cup; gnbi cheers [tu] penetrate, thorough; tujng lens; transparent [yu] yuj post office; yupio stamp [rng] (= gungrng, = rngy) glory, honor [dng] understand [yng] embrace, crowd; yngh support; yngj crowded [xin] donate; gngxin contribution [x] wash; xzo bath, shower [Xin] <family name> [xi] stop, (= xixi) rest; retire; rest home [p] compel; yp oppress; bip be compelled [pi] pijpo mortar [tn] sigh [gu] dog; ligu hound; fnggu mad dog [tu] steal; xiotu thief [yn] opposite of yng; , cloudy; gloomy [q] vapor, steam; qyu gasoline; qch car [bi] honor, worship; lbi week [bi] bibai bye-bye [hng] horizontal [hng] perverse [g] beat, play, drum, arouse [g] pnggg fat, plump, full, bulging [jin] jinkng health [hu] thick, deep, kind, rich (food) (compare with bo thin) [qin] qindng conclude and sign (treaty, etc); qinmng signature [dn] cinnabar, red; dntin pubic region; Dnmi Denmark [Lu] name of a river in Hnn and Shnx [hn] (= hnjio, hhn, jiohn) shout, cry out [rng] (= Chngd); frng lotus, cottonrose hibiscus

1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158

[ln] wheel [n] shore [ni] breasts, milk [dn] thin, light; dnln (= qinln) light blue [cho] tide; (= chosh) moist; gocho climax [xn] lesson [yun] round, circle; (sometimes used for yun dollar) [jun] roll; spring roll (F ) [jun] volume, book, exam paper [qun] (= qun) curly hair [sh] jish explain; shfng release [zh] all, various, <family name> [mio] wonderful, subtle; mmngqmio be baffled [wi] wiwzhy materialism [wi] <expressing acceptance of a request/command> [du] force one's way; seize, capture; fight for [zh] expel, pursue, one by one; gradually; step by step [yn] (= ynzi) swallow (bird) [Yn] <family name> [di] stupid, silly, foolish, stay; dibn stiff [i] ibn stiff [c] ( cling) survey, measure; gunc observe [lng] (= blng) wave (of water); waste [chu] take out; shrink; whip; smoke tobacco [gi] cover, shell; lid [pin] slanting, leaning; stubbornly; unfortunately [yu] experience, pass through, review; ( yud) read [gu] ( gumi) purchase [t] way, route; prospect; via [zng] longitudinally; cozng operate; zngdu column, file [y] <archaic interrogative particle>, (= y) grandfather [Y] Ys Jesus [m] feel, stroke; msuo grope; zhum fathom [gu] hang, put up [hng] sail, fly; hngxng navigate; aviation [z] (= xunz) choose [zhi] choose [hn] hate

1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189

[sh] ssh dormitory [sh] (F ) give up, abandon; shbd be loathe to leave at home [qun] box (with fists); tijqun Taiji shadowboxing [zh] bamboo [tng] <family name>, Tang Dynasty, boastfull, exaggerated; ( tngt) rude [y] praise; rngy honor; mngy fame [chng] ride (a vehicle); multiply [shng] chariot [ru] weak; wiru faint; runru feeble [jin] (= jinch) inspect [y] ceremony, rite, gift, (= ybio) appearance, bearing, (= yq) instrument, apparatus [q] flag [hn] keep in mouth, contain [Yun] <family name> [zh] foundation of a building; dzh address [bi] put, arrange, sway, wave; yobiw "shake-sway-dance", waggle dance (of bees), rock 'n' roll [o] om secret, mystery; omio profound, secret [fn] <classifier for kinds, times, occurrences etc.>; fnqi tomato [Pn] Pny county in Gungdng [hn] mix up; hnlun chaos [hn] muddy, muddled [mi] extinguish; eliminate; perish; annihilate [w] hold, grasp; comprehend [y] (= ych) tooth [l] ( kol) consider; yul worry about [zho] zhoki convene [mng] fierce [kun] wide, broad, extend, relax [chng] fill; contain [shng] flourishing; luxuriant [h] pit, nucleus; htao walnut [h] hr <colloquial> pit [di] bag, pocket [sho] jisho introduce [b] mend [din] dinxng typical; classical; dictionary

1167 (F ) [gng] palace, temple, <family name>; zgng womb

1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220

[qun] circle [jun] pen, sty [jun] shut up in a pen [fng] good-looking (F ) fngf abundant [y] wny cultured, refined; yzhi elegant [y] ypin opium [j] lucky, auspicious [zn] approve of; praise [ch] tea; chy tea leaves; hngch "red tea" = black tea [y] also; fnzhyrn and vice-versa [g] () valley; (F ) (= gw) grain; gzi millet [wn] ( wndng) stable, steady; wndang reliable [hu] (F ) gather together; gubo to report; chu vocabulary; (F ) converge, remit [l] lhai terrible, formidable, <family name> [li] name of an ancient country {Compare with l experience} [ji] to fall due, <classifier for year of graduation, regular sessions, meetings, etc.> [j] (= hnj) mark, trace, vestige; qj miracle [li] thunder; thunderstorm; radar [x] zhxu order; procedure; order [hn] () cold [f] enclose, attach; fjn vicinity, nearby [j] chicken; gngbo jdng spicy diced chicken [zo] meet with disaster [tio] () choose [tio] poke; challenge [to] tot walk casually to and fro [jin] ( jinbng) shoulder; ( jinf) take on [y] ( jy, huy) remember, recall; memory [ru] yielding; rurun soft; ruhe gentle [di] put on; di ynjng wear glasses; dishang mozi put on a hat [x] () cherish; kx it's too bad; bx not hesitate [g] separate, stand between; next door [ho] (= hob, = hob) not at all [chng] () honest [ru] auspicious, good omen; timely snow [jin] subtract; jinsho decrease [b] sow, seed; broadcast; disseminate

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[me] (S ) [m] (F ) yom petty, insignificant [zhn] needle; policy; zhnc acupuncture [q] board game; chess; Go; Checkers [jng] jngzhng compete; contest [b] ( shub) arm [bei] gbei arm [tng] quite, very; endure, stand; stand upright [co] conduct, grasp; cozng operate [co] make trouble [yo] waist [kung] ( fngkung) crazy [t] in place of; ( dit) replace, substitute [mi] plum, prune; plum blossom; plum grove [g] gngg consolidate; gdng fixed [ln] lnl ethics [Sng] the Song dynasty (960-1279); Sng tz "Song"-typeface [gng] steel; fountain pen; piano [gng] sharpen [nu] nuyn a promise [cn] injure, barbarous, incomplete, remnant [yn] ( ynchng) prolong [h] ( loh) tiger [h] mmahh [h] hbul <zool.> shrike [xn] xns rapid, swift [zi] ( zinn, zihi) disaster [qio] qioqio quietly [qio] qioshng quietly [yu] high mountain, wife's parents, <family name> [qio] <family name>; qiom arbor [chun] river; Schnshng Sichuan Province; bngchun glacier [chu] revenge, hatered, <family name>; bochu get revenge [qi] mate, <family name> [j] (= jji) season; dngj winter; sj four seasons [chu] blow [ling] ( lingshi) grain, food [j] gather, get together; hjbin nuclear fusion [y] ( fny) translate

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[zh] ( zhzi) pearl, bead; eyeball; teardrop [sh] (= shshu) uncle, father's younger brother [mu] scheme; conspiracy [ch] jch foundation, base, basis; chsh plinth [rn] benevolence, humanity [sn] decrease; damage; snsh lose, loss [rng] () melt (ice or snow; cf rng) [ling] car; ling ling ch two cars [jng] clean, complete; only; gnjng clean [mn] mnji agile; mngn sensitive; mnru acute [y] <family name>, he or she; Ysln Islam [xin] fairy, saint, immortal celestial being; fairy maiden [qio] clever, coincidentally; qiomio ingenious [lng] zero; lngjin spare part; spare change [lng] glnglng solitary, all alone; dnglnglng tinkle, jingle [li] tired; work hard [li] accumulate [li] (F ) [xing] (= xingshu) enjoy (compare with hng) [bn] accompany; , companion [dng] swing, sway; loaf about; wipe out; shake [zhn] () treasure: pearl; precious [yng] ynggn brave; courage; brave warrior [m] end, minor details; mr powder; zhum weekend [me] (= me); shnme what? {Compare with wi haven't} [fn] fndu struggle; xngfn excited [dn] gallbladder, guts, bravery, internal parts [q] ( fngq, poq) abandon, give up [fn] be vexed; mfan trouble, bother; b nifn impatient [h] paste; htu muddled [h] plaster [h] paste [yu] still, yet; yuy hesitate; yur as if [shu] tax [pi] foster, train, develop; cultivate, breed [d] support; ( dkng) resist [sng] monk

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[fng] sharp; charge, assault; vanguard [ni] be, so, only then, you [yo] distant, remote; long [m] nm massage; mc rub; friction [m] msa gently stroke, smooth rub, massage [tn] level; calm; tank [hu] after [mi] eyelash; brows; eyebrow; looks [cn] meal [gun] be used to; xgun be used to, habit, custom [png] lean on, based on, (= bln) no matter [gun] hat, crown [gun] first place; gunjn champion [ti] lift, raise, carry [png] bump into; happen to meet [b] money, currency; coin; rnmnb RMB. [q] open; start; enlighten; arouse, inspire [m] <classifier for cloth, happenings, etc.>; ling m sh two entirely differeint things/matters; mtou wharf, dock; hom (serial) number, code [mo] emit, risk, pretend to be, <family name>; catch a cold [hn] ( hnshu) sweat, perspiration [hn] khn [s] common, rustic, vulgar, custom; proverb, saying [hu] ash, dust, grey, disheartened [d] jind supervise [qing] poor; wqing infinite [p] quite, rather [qng] lean; tendency, prefer; slant [jin] point, tip; jinru sharp [Hn] <family name>; (old name for Korea) [mo] moy trade [fng] resemble, be like, (= mfng) imitate, copy; seem; copy [g] alone; orphan; isolated; lonely [pio] float in the air, flutter; flutter, wave [mn] overflow; endless; lngmn <loan> romantic [y] (= yy, = jy) give, grant [y] <archaic> (= w) I, me [z] purple, violet

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[c] side [zhi] zhiwai slant [yn] along; ynhi coastal; ynr water's edge [b] raise, pull; promote; elevation [xi] () sleeve; leader; pocket-sized; dunxi T-shirt [ling] bridge, roof beam; bridge; backbone [shng] reward, admire; xnshng enjoy, appreciate [m] curtain; act (of play); pngm screen [b] wall, cliff; qingb wall (la pared) [dn] <archaic> dawn; in one day; once; New Year's Day [chn] ( zochen) morning [chn] ( chnji) pure; ( dnchn) simple [b] shut [ling] cool, cold [ling] make cool [so] sweep; dso clean up [so] sozhou broom [yu] fault; outstanding; yuq especially [po] cannon; shell [bo] quick-fry [po] concoct [wn] bowl [ti] stick, paste, glue, stay close to [ch] insert, stick in; plug [gn] roll, boil [yun] cause, reason; edge; insulate [s] temple, Buddhist monastery [bi] shellfish; cowrie; (money); bik shell {Compare with jin see} [rn] shrn moist; lrn profit; rnhu lubricate [sh] surname, family name, (= shz) clan [zh] Yuzh Indo-Scyths (nomadic people in Central Asia) [dng] (= dngtin, = dngj) winter; dngmin hibernation; chnxiqidng the four seasons [ku] kud enlarge, expand [ln] fence, railing [hung] desolate, wasteland, famine; hungmi absurd [zh] zhxu philosophy [b] force, compel; close in on

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[xi] frighten, scare [h] (= kngh) threaten, <interj.> [du] pile, heap [zu] gulibozu altogether, all in all [zhung] collide, run into [lng] young man; bridegroom. <family name> [lng] [li] two, both; wmen li the two of us [ling] jling trick, intrigue, maneuver, skill, dexterity, craft [ln] () blue [xin] idle, free time; digression, complaint [xn] suffering; xnk work hard [jng] (= jngzi) mirror, lens; ynjng glasses [pi] (= pitng) accompany; piji dowry [q] ride (horse/bike) [j] chngj saddle horse; rider [dn] egg; chicken egg; protein [c] urge; urgent; cjn promote; csh impel, urge [yng] sheep; shnyng goat; yngnin year of the Sheep = 8th year [y] (= shy) suitable [yi] pinyi cheap [ma] <particle for persuation> [m] <interrogative particle> (= ma) [yn] yns colour; ynmin face [pn] (= pnk, = pngqing) poor [f] width of cloth, size, <classifier for cloth, paintings etc.>; a picture [zh] stay, halt, be stationed [png] (= fpng) duckweed [w] foul; wrn pollution [ji] outstanding; masterpiece [p] pounce on; flap wings; pmi extinguish; pk <loan> Poker [zhung] robust, magnificent; majestic; [s] ps bodhisattva, benevolent being, <family name> [xng] punishment [yu] worry, grieve; yuy sad; worry about [mo] () appearance; polite [y] lawsuit; ( jiny) prison, jail [si] fill in, stuff, cork [s] (= ds) block up, obstruct

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[si] place of strategic importance, border pass [fng] male phoenix (fabulous bird of good omen) [kng] hole; Kngz Confucius; minkng face [ch] touch; jich get in touch; antenna [lin] love (as in love affair) [q] (rhetorical adverb); qyucl What kind of reasoning is that?, Nonsence! [sn] (= snln) forest [fn] numerous; fnzh breed; flourishing; fn tz full forms of simplified characters [su] smash to pieces [jn] ferry crossing, ford, saliva, sweat, moist, damp; jnjnyuwi (to do someting) with pleasure, to be appetizing [xi] xik chivalrous warrior; chivalrous [lng] lngzhng grand; lngq swell [lng] hnglnglng tumble, roll [ch] tardy; arrive late; hesitate; put off [zh] zhdn dawn, daybreak [hu] shine; radiance, glory; huhung brilliant [hn] ruthless [x] fnx analyse [su] shrink [xu] cave, hole, den, grave, acupuncture point [xio] desolate [yun] resentment, complain [m] rub, wear down [m] mill, grind(stone) [f] bend over, subside; hot summer days; rise and fall [c] take leave; diction, poetry, language [n] mud; soil [n] putty [lng] () age; duration [jng] path, way; ( zhjng) diameter; tjng channel, way, through [b] (= bzi) nose; bkng nostril [li] rely; hang around; blame falsely; deny error [yng] face upward; xnyng (religious) faith [fn] (= qfn, = fnn) angry [m] xinm envy; admire; im adore

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[] very soon, suddenly; ?gu Russia [yng] shine [xn] xnwn ask about, inquire [cn] tragic; savage [mi] wheat, etc; mipin oatmeal; mikfng <loan> microphone [s] stay overnight, <family name> [xi] <classifier for nights>; zh y xi stay one night [xi] constellation in Chinese astronomy [bi] times; three times (as much) [c] thick, rough, coarse [tng] jump, gallop, vacate; boiling [tng] thump [sho] (, ) a little, a bit, slightly [sho] [ji] cut, stop; section, length; half a section [rn] to dye; catch (disease); dye; pollution [w] (= wy) crow, (= whi) black; wgu tortoise {Compare with m horse and nio bird} [y] heal, get better; (like yu) [gng] mound, sentry [gng] hugngsh granite [gng] gnku delicious sweet [li] willow [p] spread, unfold; pave [p] shop, store; plank bed; [sh] wade, ford, go through, involve; gnsh interfere [j] (= jbng) illness; jk hardship [dng] ward off, block, gear (of car) [dng] bngdng arrange, get ready [fng] accept, offer; receive orders; flatter [t] step on; (= zota) zota ruin, waste, insult, affront [t] (= t) collapse, sink, calm down [zhng] faithful [w] (= w) five, <family name>; duw troops [du] hide (oneself), avoid, dodge [j] book, registry, native place, membership; guj nationality [n] nl try hard [lng] shunglng, bright and clear; recite [xing] box

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[ci] cut cloth or paper; reduce; decide; sanction [zhng] curtain; mosquito net; tent; account [jin] double; simultaneously: compatible [b] bc each other [xi] rosy clouds [zh] pig; zhnin the year of the pig = the 12th year [x] shx know well, be familiar with [zh] prick [zh] zhngzh struggle [z] [qun] advise [bo] thin [b] slight; weak [b] bhe peppermint [zh] build, construct; architecture [jn] handsome, pretty; brilliant, talented [xi] shoe [j] ( jl) distance [qn] (= qnl, = qnr) invade, intrude into [xn] xnshng enjoy [j] squeeze; crowd; push, jostle; yngj crowded [mi] go-between, matchmaker; medium, intermediary [t] spit [t] ( ut) vomit [hn] ( lnghn) soul, spirit, mood [ji] (= chnji) pure, (= qngji) clean, sanitay; jibi pure white, spotless [zh] branch [q] (= q) fork, brach, divergent [yng] full; yngl profit, have a surplus [z] block; zzh prevent; dinz resistance [xin] pit, trap; cave in; sink/fall into [ji] helmet; zhjia fingernail; beetle {Compare with shn explain and yu from} [zhng] <family name>; zhngzhng serious, solemn [mng] cry of birds, animals, insects; ring, sound; express [tng] (= tngru) if, supposing [shng] be left over, remain, (= shngy) surplus, left over, remain [k] grain, small round object, <classifier for small round things>; y k

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zhzi one pearl [tu] pull, drag; procrastinate [sh] stretch; shfu comfortable; shchng carefree [hu] nhu favor, kindness; xinhu virtuous () [hn] dusk, dark, to faint [zhn] shake, stimulate; vibration; inspire [ji] forbid; jiyn enforce martial law; jizhi ring [sng] lose (by death), lose (sth. important); sngsh forfeit [sng] mourning; sngsh funeral arrangements [jio] burnt; () coke; jioj anxious; focus [p] crawl, climb [p] ipp squat, short [lng] insult; encroach; draw near; lngchn before dawn [hu] zhhu wisdom [u] ( urn) by chance, even number {Compare with j odd} [hung] ( yohuang) shake, sway [hung] dazzle [hung] [to] () peach; peach blossom; yngto cherry [ch] red, bare; chdo equator; chjio barefoot [ln] messy; cnln splendid [ln] [pin] () deceive; cheat, swindle; hoax; swindler [cu] arrange; cush measure, step [y] page [xing] terrible; xing' fiendish; xingmng ferocious [ti] peace, quiet; Thailand; Tishn Mount Tai, something of great importance [sh] corpse, sht dead body [p] slope, hillside; pd slope, gradient [li] tie or strap tightly [l] lsu [lio] treat, cure; therapy [t] pagoda, tower [da] ; [chn] ( huchn) dust [tng] lie down [sh] tsh special, particular

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[wi] comfort, console; express sympathy for [tn] (F ) altar, raised plot of ground; (F ) jar, jug [gn] sweet; gnzhe sugarcane; Gns {Compare with r sun} [yo] bite; bark; pronounce [j] resist; ( jju) refuse [bio] young tiger [zh] ( bozh) explode, blow up [zh] deep fry [jng] (water) well, <family name> [chng] worship, high, sublime [yn] drink [yn] give animals water to drink [zh] express good wishes; qngzh celebrate; zhh congratulate; zhf invoke/give blessing [wng] wngwng tearful, bow-wow; boundless (ocean) [lo] firm, durable; ( lofng) prison; log sturdy [gu] laurel (bay) tree; Guln [wi] (= wiba) tail [y] huy <colloquial> end, behind [pio] float [pio] pailiang beautiful [pio] piobi bleach [lio] just, slightly; wlio bored, silly; liotinr chat, gossip [s] cast, let go [s] scatter, sprinkle [qi] ( qidng) appropriate, suitable; qiho just right [nng] hnnngt concrete; nngsh stare; nngg solidify [mo] spear; modn "spear-shield" = contradiction [Y] <family name> [w] <archaic> sigh and exclaim [y] (S ) in, at, to, from, by, than [bn] guest; bngun hotel {Compare with bng soldier} [x] qngx mood, depression; tux lead, clue [Png] <family name> [d] ( dzi) stomach [d] tripe [cng] urgent, rushed; cngcng hurriedly, obviously, apparently; cngmng in a hurry

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[mio] trace, touch up; mioxi describe [fn] powder; xyfn laundry detergent; fnhngs pink [zi] thief [f] (= quf) lack; pf tired; pnf poor [dn] shield; modn "spear-shield" = contradiction [chu] worry [xi] slanting; xibin hypoteneuse; xil slope [li] split, crack: fnli split, divide, break up, fission [li] crack open [hu] slip, slide, smooth, slippery; hubng ice-skate [fi] to possess literary talent; firn brilliant (of literature); Fij Fiji [fi] waste [j] jm lonely; jjng quiet (place); chnj quiet [yng] gush, pour, rise, surge; xingyng turbulent [xing] xingx detailed; dunxing details; nxing serene [tng] hot water, soup [shng] shngshng to flow turbulently [ch] chd thorough; gunch carry out, implement [xun] black, dark, profound, abstruse; xunxu metaphysics [jn] half a kilogram; gngjn kilogram [hng] bang, boom, rumble, bomb, attack, drive out; hnghnglili grand, spectacular [jin] treacherous, traitor; (F ) adultery; qingjin rape [lin] klin poor, pitiful [du] (= dur) flower, <classifier for flowers, clouds etc.>; y du hu; [duo] rduo ear [ji] good, beautiful [ji] <slightly archaic> all, everyone [nio] bird [dio] (=) {Compare with wu crow} [bng] nation, state, country; chngbng city-state; wtubng utopia [f] support with the hand, help [hu] destroy; humi exterminate [cng] cngming clever, intelligent, bright [bin] ( binln) debate, argue; diagnosis [png] (= pngzi) bottle

1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 1561 1562 1563 1564 1565 1566 1567 1568 1569 1570 1571 1572 1573 1574 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1582 1583 1584 1585

[] hungry [sh] snake [y] xywiy pretended interest and sympathy [b] catch; dib arrest [bn] move; move house [Shn] <family name>, liquid essence; (F ) Shnyng; mshnwign "before the ink is dry" [chn] (=) to sink [fng] Chinese sweet gum (tree); maple [ji] jijiu uncle, mother's brother [yu] secluded; humor; gloomy; ghost [m] evil spirit, (= m, = mgu) demon; msh magic [qn] zither-like instrument; piano; violin [zhng] struggle; earn [zhng] zhngzh struggle [pn] engage; pnqng engage, invite [wn] curve, bend [m] (= fnm) grave, tomb [q] (= qpin) cheat, deceive, (= qfu) bully [w] realize; consciousness; [Jing] <family name> [chn] high official, overseer, (= dchn) minister [fn] (= fnhu) return, go back [wi] disobey, (= wifn, = wibi) violate; wif break the law [ku] lose (money); chku suffer a loss, come to grief, treat unfairly; xngku fortunately, luckily [di] lose, misplace [yun] hold, help; zhyun support; yunzh help [H] <family name>, hertz [Wi] one of the Three Kingdoms, name of several dynasties, <family name> [ni] be able to endure; yubixn patient; b nifn impatient [pi] wear (at the waist), admire, pendant waist ornament; pifu admire; jngpi esteem [sun] sour, acid [mng] ( linmng) alliance, pact [mng] mngsh oath of alliance [png] fat, plump [pn] <archaic> easy and comfortable [sh] stupid, idiotic; shzi, shgu idiot

1586 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 1593 1594 1595 1596 1597 1598 1599 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606 1607 1608 1609 1610 1611 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616

[ro] wind, coil, move around; wiro surround [hng] groan, snort, hum [hng] humph [Qn] the Qin Dynasty 221-207 B.C., <family name> [q] bend, submit, injustice; qf surrender, yield; wiqu feel wronged, srong somebody [r] wr insult, humiliate; chr shame [zu] (= zutin) yesterday; zuwn yesterday evening {Compare with z how} [shu] thin, lean, frail, skinny [zn] (= znsh) temporary [jin] arrow; hujin rocket; jintu arrowhead [sh] (= shmng, = qinsh) sign one's name; bsh deploy [f] go to, attend [d] hand over, pass, give; djio deliver, hand on, present, submit [ci] guess; cixing suppose [qin] qinshutng submarine; qinl latent ability [hng] ( hngyn) swan, wild goose, vast [j] grade, achievement; merits and achievements [yo] shine, dazzle [t] spread on; tlio coating [tu] htu muddled [t] hlibt confused, muddle-headed [g] cut; shug to harvest [du] bean; dufu tofu; ddu soybean; wndu pea [mn] muffled (of sound), stuffy, cut off from air circulation [mn] bored, depressed [tng] (= tngzi) pavilion, kiosk [xing] (= jxing) auspicious; cxing kindly, mercy [l] gl, jl encourage; jingl reward [y] eaves, universe; yzhu cosmos; mioy temple [fn] flood; gungfn wide, extensive; fnln overflow [lng] wolf, greedy and cruel person; lngbi in a difficult position [hu] (= huhu) regret, repent [d] put up, hang over, lift together [d] dchr pursue another's utterance; nd where, wherever [jin] (= jnjin) warship; hngkngmjin aircraft carrier [f] float

1617 1618 1619 1620 1621 1622 1623 1624 1625 1626 1627 1628 1629 1630 1631 1632 1633 1634 1635 1636 1637 1638 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643 1644

[qin] lead along (by hand, halter, etc.); qinni xi d [f] fh conform to; fho mark, symbol [s] yns serious, solemn; sqng eliminate [n] (= nl) slave [bo] (= bozh) explode, (= bof) erupt, burst; bozh firecracker [z] elder sister; zmi sisters [yu] young, children; yuzh childish; child [ji] press, squeeze, clip [ji] lined (clothing) [g] gzhiw armpit [yo] ( yoqng) invite [fng] crazy [yn] ynx permit, allow [no] nohu angry, annoyed [z] rent; chzqch taxi [y] ( yzi) chair [ch] ruler, one-third of a meter; yngch (English) foot [ch] gngch traditional Chinese musical notation [sh] shhu wait upon, look after [f] rotten; tofu; corrode; corrupt [chn] quiver; chndu tremble; chndng vibrate [zhn] tremble, shudder [ni] twist, turn around, seize; biniu awkward [ni] zni squeak [fi] fib humble [fi] luxuriant; Filbn Philippines [w] tile; ( wt) Watt [w] to tile a roof [w] lnww dazzling blue [c] rub, wipe, scrape [l] spicy; ljio hot pepper; dl sinister [l] rll burning hot, impassioned, passionate [zu] play music; ynzu perform music; jizu rhythm [yn] rich, <family name> [yn] (= ynhng) blackish red, dark red [mi] bury, cover up [mn] mnyun blame, complain [shui] fall down; shuijio wrestling [pn] look, (= pnwng) hope for, look forward to

1645 1646 1647 1648 1649 1650 1651 1652 1653 1654 1655 1656 1657 1658 1659 1660 1661 1662 1663 1664 1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671 1672 1673 1674 1675

[yn] chant, recite [yn] xioynyn smilingly [d] cross a river/sea/etc., tide over, ferry across; dchun ferry [shn] (= chnshn) shirt [ku] step, stride, straddle, go beyond [zu] drunk [jin] (= jinnn) difficult, (= jink) arduous [yn] hide, sneak attack; ynh to shield; yngi conceal [h] lotus; hhu lotus flower [h] carry, load [cng] dark green or blue; blue sky; green pine; cngying fly, mosquito; cngbi pale, lifeless, grayish [xun] spin; xunzhun rotate [xun] whirl, lathe [ji] uncover [sng] mulberry tree; sngcn silkworm; sngy mulberry leaves [zhng] battle, war; dzhng wage a war, fight a battle [lin] lotus, water lilly [zun] drill, get into, study [zun] drill, auger, diamond, watch jewel [hng] hngwi magnificient; hngd great; hnggun macroscopic [hun] unreal, imaginary, magical; khun xioshu science fiction novel [rn] (= dorn) sharp edge of knife or sword, kill with knife or sword [xi] (= xig) gorge, canyon; hixi strait, channel; Sn Xi the Three Gorges of the Yangtze river [lio] lioku vast, extensive; Lionng (a province) [w] ( wwa) baby [ki] kig song of triumph [hun] worry, anxiety, disaster; hunbng fall ill [zhng] barrier, obstacle, (= zhng'i) obstruct; bozhng ensure [gi] (= qgi) beggar [hng] weighing equipment, (= hngliang) weigh, measure, judge [mo] cat; xingmo panda; motuyng owl [mo] moyo stoop, crouch [chu] second Earthly Branch, a clown in an opera, <faily name>; (F ) chulu ugly, disgraceful, scandalous [to] great waves [nun] warm up, (= wnnun) warm; nunhuo nice and warm [li] slide, sneak away

1676 1677 1678 1679 1680 1681 1682 1683 1684 1685 1686 1687 1688 1689 1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703 1704 1705 1706

[li] swift current of water [gu] pot, wok, frying pan; guti pot sticker [ni] what?, how?; wknih have no alternative [f] (= chngf) punish, (= fkun) penalty [sh] pick up from the ground, ten (= sh); shushi put in order [sh] shj climb stairs [nng] dense, thick, concentrated; nngd consistency [jin] key; jinpn keyboard (piano or typewriter) [mi] vein, pulse; shnmi mountain range [m] mm lovingly [su] lock [ln] (= lnj) neighbor [chu] stinking [xi] sniff, smell [fng] perfume, (= fngxing) fragrant; fnglng age (when speaking of a young woman) [chu] hang down, droop; chizh vertical, perpendicular [zhu] clutch, grasp, catch; zhu mcng to play "hide-and-seek" [hu] huf recover, restore [m] nurse [kn] cut, chop, hack; knchi cut firewood [ji] ( jish) drive, fly, sail; loji excuse me... [gng] respect; gnghxnx Happy New Year [i] get close to, be next to, in sequence [i] suffer [hu] misfortune [Co] <family name> [c] cxing kindly; c'i love, kindness; cbi mercy [du] (= fdu, = chndu) shiver, tremble [qun] spring, (= pnqun) fountain; yunqun source [ln] zhnln exhibition; yuln go sightseeing [o] bay, inlet (used in place names); Aomen; [zng] (F ) dirty [zng] (F ) xnzng heart [tng] sore, painful [tng] copper (Cu); qngtng bronze [xi] (= xich) shame, shy; xiku feel ashamed [dng] shelves; dng'n files, archives

[dng] m dngzi target of scolding; lujidng logical data files 1707 1708 1708 1710 1711 1712 1713 1714 1715 1716 1717 1718 1719 1720 1721 1722 1723 1724 1725 1726 1727 1728 1729 1730 1731 1732 1733 1734 1735 1736 1737 1738 1739 [po] throw; poq abandon; pomo drop anchor [mio] seedling, young plant, vaccination; humio flame [hu] yhu uncertain [huo] mhuo perplex [fi] (=) fat, fertile, (=) fertilizer; fizo soap [q] qzh drive out, expel [w] nest; wpeng shack [k] (=) pants [g] gj estimate, guess [g] gyi secondhand clothes [bo] womb, placenta; xbo cell [bng] handle [ku] wide; gungku vast; kunku broad; lioku extensive [d] <family name>; djun cuckoo, azalea; dju stop, cut off [qn] ( qnlo) diligent, hardworking [zhu] boat, ship [mo] (= mozi) hat, headgear, cap [m] mno agate; My Maya [ch] remove, take away, withdraw, evacuate [pn] frequently; pnl frequency [chn] meditation, Zen, Dhyana [shn] shnrng abdicate [k] <archaic> stalk, branch, <family name> [li] lif radish; Wnli Brunei [kn] may, endure; bkn can't stand; nnkn intolerable [cn] inch [i] grief; sorrowful; iqi entreat, implore [xing] bear, <family name>; xingmo panda [f] belly, stomach, abdomen; hinterland [chng] taste [qio] knock, strike; qio mn knock on a door; qio lu beat a gong [b] suddenly; bb vigorous [xn] patrol; xnsh make a tour of inspection [do] (= doqi) steal; qingdo robber [chu] chip, counter, prepare, plan [ku] button up; nikur button; kuzi knot, button

1740 1741 1742 1743 1744 1745 1746 1747 1748 1749 1750 1751 1752 1753 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 1763 1764 1765 1766 1767 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772

[ch] pond, <family name>, (= chtng) pool; yuyngch swimming pool; dinch battery [qin] shallow, light [chi] firewood; huchi match; chiyu diesel oil [i] dust, angstrom; Aj Egypt [ji] marry (referring to a woman) [mi] <classifier for small objects, coins, etc.> [x] scarce, watery; xfn rice porridge, rice soup [dio] vulture, (= diok) carve, engrave; fdio relief sculpture [yn] (= toyn, = ynw) detest; ynfn boring [yn] (= yn) ynyn weak and weary thrugh illness [gu] melon, gourd; xgu watermelon; shgu idiot; hunggua cucumber [shu] longevity; shumng life-span [di] fall, tumble [ch] pull, tear, chat [dng] director; gdng antique [jn] brocade; shjn fancy; sshjn assorted vegetables [jin] reflect, mirror, inspect, examine, take as a lesson, ancient bronze mirror, warning, object lesson; jindng appraise; jijin draw lessons from [shu] brush, to brush, to paint, swish [shu] shuxun choose, pick, select; shubi white, pale, brush over [q] walk fast, hurry, (= qxing) tend, incline to; qsh tendency [jun] contribute, relinquish, tax [o] ( jio'o) proud, arrogant [gun] gunch carry out; ygun consistent [din] hall, palace [b] poke, turn, stir; bzhng set a clock; b dinhu dial a phone [xn] qinxn modest [t] kick; t zqi play football [pi] compensate, pay for, lose money; pi bshi apologize [z] appearance, gesture, (= zsh, = zti) posture [qin] move, change; binqin changes; qinji yield to [l] mulititude, <family name>; lmng daybreak [j] sacrifice; jq sacrificial utensil [d] drip, drop [x] make a surprise attack, carry on as before [hung] flustered, confused; hungmng in a flurry

1773 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 1787 1788 1789 1790 1791

[bin] whip [mng] mngmng vast, boundless and indistinct [fng] meet [t] butcher, kill [kn] knchng insect; Knmng [bi] (= bish) cypress [B] Bln Berlin [b] (=) hungb the bark of a cork tree, golden cypress [sh] sail, move along quickly (speaking fo vehicles), (= jish) drive [f] fnf tell, instruct; zhfu enjoin, tell [zh] to plant; zhw plant [j] fear, dread [ni] nikur button, knob, handle, tie [ji] mnji quick, agile; qngji nimble, spry [zhn] irrigation ditch; Shnzhn (place name) [shng] xshng sacrifice; shngkou beasts of burden [zng] gnzng follow closely; shzng be missing; zngj trace [cng] crowd; cngsh series of books; cngln jungle [m] shm desert; mrn apathetically [ru] jinru sharp pointed, acute; rul sharp, keen [l] lba musical wind instrument; lma lama [l] lla drip (water/etc.); hul sound of rustling/crashing/etc. [l] hlzi saliva; zhl harangue, shoot off the mouth [qin] heaven; qindo ways of heaven, natural law; qinkn heaven and earth, the universe [gn] (S ) dry, hollow [hu] suddenly [sh] moist [zhng] open the eyes [z] zx careful [zi] young animal [z] zjin burdens, responsibility [cho] make noise [cho] chochao make noise [yu] long, drawn-out, leisurely; yuji age-old [gu] gulley, trench [m] ink stick, (= mshu) ink; Mz (a philosopher) [chun] string together, bunch, cluster; yngruchun sheep meat kebab [j] all; jlb club

1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802

1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835

[j] together [to] pottery; toc ceramics [gng] gngxin contribute [hn] hnshn from head to foot, all over [yng] win [p] flatulence, fart, nonsence, rubbish, (= pgu) buttocks [ch] gallop, speed, spread; chmng well-known [bng] stick, bat, excellent; bngqi baseball [p] <classifier for horses, mules, bolts of cloth, etc.>; sn p m three horses [pn] ( pncu) piece together; pnyn; pnxi spell, transliterate [hng] permanent [xi] evil, <interrogative sentence final particle> [y] (= y) <interrogative particle> [cu] brittle, crisp; gncu simply; qngcu clear; curu fragile [zo] rotten; zogo bad luck! zota waste, spoil [bn] dress up as, disguise as; put on an expression [xin] xinhu virtuous and dutiful (woman); xinrn virtuous person [sh] decoration, dress up, impersonate [chng] repay, (= pichng) compensate, pay for [chi] take apart, dismantle [c] collquial excrete [chn] to wind, tie up, tangle, bother [sh] absorb, photograph; pish take a picture [n] (= ndng) draft; bn comparison; mn imitate [z] zwi flavor; zzhng grow [hi] hey [zh] yzh intention [chung] rush, charge [h] zhh congratulate; qngh celebrate [cu] emerald green; cunio kingfisher [fng] sew [fng] seam, crack [bo] full (after meal) [ji] rob, disaster [f] pat, soothe, foster; fm stroke [w] dig, excavate [c] book; shuc handbook; dtc atlas {Compare with l beautiful and png friend}

1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866

[pn] pnt traitor [xio] xioxing portrait [Xio] <family name> [x] splendid, (= jx) bright, brilliand; Kngx Zdin Kangxi dictionary (1716 A.D.) [lin] smelt, refine, temper metal; dunlin exercise [xin] xinf constitution; xinbng military police [mio] temple [b] green jade, bluish green; dark green; dark blue; Xub "7up", "Sprite" [h] (= hzi) box [y] yuy friendship [ch] chling reserves; cnch memory [png] swift-running horse [Fng] <family name> [hun] (= jiohuan) call out [tn] corrupt; tnxn greedy [w] lie down; wsh bedroom [y] wing [ro] harass, bother, trouble; rolun disturb [xi] upper part of side of person's body, coerce [gu] kneel [bi] upright stone tablet (monument, etc); mbi tombstone [h] breathe out (mouth open), scold; hqin yawn [tin] sweet; tinci beet [s] (F ) sprinkle [xin] xinr respectful, deferential; (F ) xinrn alarmed, surprised, shocked, frightened, cold [p] table, chart, manual, music score, (= pxi) compose (music etc.) [sh] (used in names) [su] msu stroke, caress [nu] nu graceful (woman) [g] pavilion, cabinet [yng] usual, ordinary; Zhngng Doctrine of the Golden Mean [png] roc (a giant mythical bird) [f] (= fgi) cover; dinf subvert; (S ) fnf repeatedly, again and again [lng] lnglng clever and nimble [hu] marquis, <family name>

1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895

[m] slip something off, colloquial wipe [m] apply, smear, brush/wipe off, exclude, play (cards/etc.); mb cloth, rag; msh obliterate [m] daub, plaster, skirt, bypass [L] <family name>; gl calabash [i] zhng'i get in the way; fng'i hinder [zng] zngh synthesize [zng] heddle [qi] mound, grave; qilng hills; shqi dune [yn] faint, swoon; tuyn dizzy [yn] dizzy, faint, halo; hngyn blush [ln] block the way [rn] ( rnsho) burn; rnlio fuel [chng] prosperous [tn] swallow, gulp down, annex; tnm embezzle [xin] suspicion, dislike [D] <family name> [y] pawn, detain; ysng send under escort; yyn rhyme [sh] (= shtou) tongue {Compare with g ancient} [ln] <archaic> beautiful jade [w] fog; ynw smoke, mist [mn] prolonged, graceful [ch] (= chr) shame, humiliation; kch shameful; wch shameless [gu] (F ) (= guzi) cabinet; guti counter; zhnggu shopkeeper [j] jli tree of the willow family,large tree good for making furniture/etc. [tn] spread out, unfold, take a share in, vendor's stall [xu] bxu to exploit [xio] qixio cut [q] qnq relative; xi-q joy and sorrow [gn] pole [gn] (F ) shaft [yn] rock, cliff; ynsh rock; shyn sandstone; rngyn melted rock = lava [wi] hey, hello, (= wiyng) feed, raise [rng] throw, toss; rngqi throw a ball (compare with jiqiu catch a ball) [sh] shsh pass away, die; xiosh fade away, elapse [dn] dnshng be born; Shngdnji Christmas [xun] hang, unresolved, worry; xuny cliff

1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924

[shung] shunglng bright, clear, frank; lingshung pleasantly cool [cu] <family name>; cuwi rocky mound, otwering; cuwi lofty, towering [tng] royal court [cu] gather together, happen by chance [ch] idiotic; infatuation [pn] basin, tub, pot; pnd basin (of land) [y] imperial; (F ) fngy defense; dy resist [k] (= cnk) cruel, <slang> cool [i] Chinese mugwort; irng moxa [y] yuny resentment [i] <interjection indicating sentiment/sympathy/disappointment> oh! [i] yes? [lo] lolao <colloquial> maternal grandmother [m] <archaic> old lady [lng] (= lngzi) cage, coop [lng] lngzho shroud, envelop [din] jolt, fall, summit; dindo turn upside down [yn] marriage; hnyn marriage, realated by marriage [xi] ( xidi) carry, take along; xishu hand in hand [ku] ( cnku) ashamed [fn] fragrance; fnfng fragrant; Fnln Finland [m] jngm solemn and quiet, <family name>; Mhnmd Mohammed [shn] a fan, slap, <classifier for doors etc.>; y shn mn [shn] to fan, slap, incite [y] <family name>; fragrant; elegant; (F ) luxuriant; yuy melancholy [zh] throw, cast [zhng] terrified, panic-stricken [zhng] fzhng stare blankly [xn] rush pith [xn] ynxn core [sh] (= losh) mouse, rat; shnin year of Rat = 1st year [ji] jizhng rectify; jichn get entangled [jing] binjing border region; Xnjing [yu] say {Compare with r sun} [f] shfu master (term of respect) [po] (= pozi) robe, gown

1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952

[chn] (= zuchn) lip; chngo lipstick [s] revive, come to; Ys Jesus [png] hold, carry in both hands; pngzhe y g xgu carrying a watermelon [gu] cross out, evoke, gang up with [gu] gudang shady deal/business [m] herd, tend; mchng grazing land, pasture; mmn herdsman, govern the people [r] Confucianism, scholar; Rji Confucianists; Rln (Confucian) scholars [ki] kngki generous, vehement [jn] tendon, muscle, fiber; nojn brains, mind, head; xingpjn rubber band [zh] pillar, post, cylinder [bi] low, inferior, modest, humble; bib base, despicable, vulgar; bili despicable [yn] to swallow [yn] pharynx [y] wy sob, whimper [dn] <loan> ton, slang one thousand yuan (RMB) [chng] worm, insect; pchng reptile; shchng bookworm [shng] (= shngzi, = shngsu) rope, cord [ch] chfng kitchen [yun] injustice; yunwang do wrong, treat unjustly [zhng] rise, go up [zhng] swell [zhu] to wrinkle; zhuwn wrinkles [p] plo exhausted, fatigued; pjun tired [d] gamble, bet [ro] rich, plentiful, have mercy, give extra [kung] (= kungsh) ore; ( kungshn) mine; kungw mineral [chng] smooth, free; shchng happy, worry-free; chngkui cheerfull, carefree; chngtng unimpeded, unblocked [mi] coal; miyu kerosene [wn] (= shuwn) wrist; tuwnzi ankle [pn] spurt, spray; d pnt sneeze [pn] crop, in season, high season [qin] piqin send, dispatch; xinqin sent in advance [ho] hodng vast, mighty; hod huge

1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984

[wng] old man, <family name> [z] zxn consult, seek advice from [bio] dartlike weapon; bobio bodyguard [png] pngm screen [bng] bngx hold breath [bng] bngyng with fear and trepidation [zhng] second, middle (of 3 months or brothers); zhngchn 2nd month of spring, middle of spring; zhngxing 2nd eldest brother [x] exclamation of surprise, Alas!, My! (= xx) sound of giggling [fn] fnf tell, instruct [min] cotton [mng] eldest son, first month of season, <family name> [chng] prop up, support, keep up, fill to bursting [l] (= lzi) stove, oven, furnace [xi] leak, drain, divulge, release [y] yt garrulous and disorderly, easygoing [zng] (= mizng) bury (the dead); zngl funeral [su] search; suj collect; such search; susu look for [tin] add, increase [zn] obey; znshu comply with; znzho obey, conform to [d] <archaic> enlighten, guide [wi] false, fake; xwi false, hypocritical; wib counterfeit money [zho] omen, million, mega [qin] owe, lack, lean forward; hqin yawn [ling] (= yunling) forgive [yn] (= ynr) burning hot, (= fyn) inflammation [fn] qfn atmosphere [zhng] cane, caning, flogging, (= shuzhng) staff, walking stick [xi] become blind, pointlessly; xizi blind person [dio] (= dioy) to fish; diogu fishing hook [chng] intestine [p] drape over one's shoulders, open [bo] shell, peel [b] bxu exploitation [sh] (= fsh) swear; shyn oath [zhun] gain, profit, earn money [y] labor, required service, (= zhny) battle; bngy military service; ny enslave

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

[po] soak, bubble; poci pickle; pom foam [po] spongy [n] go against, disobey, be contrary to; Hany n yn cdin Reverse Chinese-English dictionary [i] short (not tall), low; izi dwarf [dio] hang, lift up, let down with rope, crane, mourn, revoke [tin] fill, stuff, fill in (form) [ji] good, fine, praise [zh] lzh candle [sh] dsh tall building, mansion [Xi] Ximn Amoy [x] evening, sunset; xyng the setting sun [shui] shuiru weak, feeble; shuilo decrepit; shuitu fail, decline [cu] dngcu rank, grade [y] fluid, (= yt) liquid [Xu] <family name> [p] fall forward; dinp fall (down), fall into disgrace [p] (F ) prn servant [mi] step, stride, old [ch] (= ych) tooth [jn] (= jnshn) cautious, sincerely [chng] to present; chngxin appear; chngbo submit a report [ng] (= ngshu) hold one's head high, high, soaring [cho] copy search and confiscate; choxi transcribe [m] mmin fill the air; mb make up for, remedy [k] (= kuk) thirsty; kwng thirst for, long for [t] (= tzi) ladder, (= lut) stairs [sh] sparse, scanty; shhu carelessness [ho] (= xioho, = hofi) consume; hozi mouse, rat [dng] open (one's eyes) wide, stare, glare; dngyn stare, stare down [ch] pich reject; bch refute, denounce, reject, chz denounce [ku] brag; kud exaggerate [d] stem of a fruid; ynd cigarette butt; ynd clitoris [jin] (= jindo) scissors [q] marry (a woman), take a wife, get married [hn] hnj mark, trace, vestige; shnghn scar [f] <archaic> not [Yo] <family name>

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[zhi] debt [tu] appropriate, ready [l] bli glass; lil coloured glaze [to] pull out, fish out (from pocket, etc.), dig [sh] (=) brake, stop [ch] chn instant, split second [jng] bright; shujng (rock) crystal; jngtgun transistor; jngyng sparkling [zhng] inner feelings, middle; zhngxn wholehearted; w dng y zhng indifferent, unconcerned [f] (= pfu) skin; fs color of skin [l] deer [t] make rubbings from stone/bronze [tu] open up, develop [zhu] tall, <family name>, (= zhuyu) outstanding [zhng] disease; jinwngzhng amnesia [zhng] zhngji crucial reason, obstruction of the bowels [tng] sugar, (= tnggu) candy; tngc sweet and sour [qn] by the emperor himself, respect, (= qnpi) admire; qnchi imperial envoy [min] unbroken; sponge [min] soft [l] <used as for sound value> [l] (= Yngl) Britittish mile [yu] guide, lead, lure [k] withered, dried up, dull [xi] have a rest; jinxi intermission [s] model, mould; slio plastic; sxing statue [fng] (= fng'i) hinder, impede, harm; bfng might as well, no harm in... [y] short name for Henan; yuy hesitate [y] press down, restrain; yzh restrain, inhibition [shn] shnh coral; shnhjio coral reef [gn] () rod, stick; guign walking stick [jn] enter, advance, promote, a dynasty (265-420), <family name>, short name for Shanxi province [ln] pour, drench; bngqiln ice cream [ln] strain, filter [ln] shlnln drenched [yu] (= xyu) happy, joyful, delighted

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[dn] dnhu honest, sincere; Dnhung (in Gansu) [du] ancient vessel [yn] beauteous, amorous, (= ynl) gorgeous, respendent; xinyn bright (color) [b] bli glass [z] strike, smash, break [rng] shout, yell [rng] rngrang shout [mng] (= mngm) blind, unable to distinguish; mngdng act blindly [bin] distinguish, differentiate [g] kudzu vine, grass-cloth [G] <family name> [hn] rarely, seldom [han] xhan rare, cherish [j] (carpenter's square); jzhn matrix [yng] yuyng swim [zhi] residence, house [di] borrow, (= dikun) lend, loan [bng] upper arm, (= jinbng) shoulder; chbng wing; [png] swell [png] pnggung urinary bladder [ni] hold between the fingers, knead, fabricate [jng] (= jngxing) neck [gng] bgngr nape [jin] put into practice; trample [b] (= bzi) neck [g] merchant [Ji] <family name> [jio] sedan chair; jioch car [p] spleen; pqi (bad-) temper [bo] (= boli), fort, fortress; chngbo castle [b] (= bzi) walled town/village (used mostly in place names) [p] walled town/village (used mostly in place names) [jio] graceful, delicate; jionn tender and lovely [Zh] Zhjingshng Zhejiang Province [li] bad, inferior, minor [xio] deep and clear water; xios natural & unrestrained [c] give, grant, gift (from superior to inferior) [tu] tulu top (spiraling toy); tuluy gyroscope

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[x] store, save, grow; jx save; chx deposit [fn] grave, tomb [sng] praise, song, ode; gsng sing the praises of [lu] (= lushu) leak out [Hng] Hngzhu [mo] straw, thatch; ( moco) grass for thatching; bimo edible wild grass [zhun] brick [shn] wink; shnjin a moment, in the twinkling of an eye [h] crane (emblem of longevity) [b] monarch; fb restore a dethored monarch or old order [p] kip open up, start [y] to fish; ymn fisherfolk; yy fishery [gui] clever, (= guigui) obedient, well-behaved [b] overlord, tyrant, dominate; bzhn sieze [xing] (= xingzh) assist, help [cho] stir fry, saute; chofn fried rice; chomin "chow mein", fried noodles [y] mute, dumb, hoarse [y] <interjection indicating surprice, same as >, ah, oh [p] riverside, river mouth (mostly used in place names), <family name> [bng] cake; bnggn cracker, cookie [x] sacrificial animal; xshng sacrifice [tn] (= hitn) beach, sands [dng] a nail, to follow closely [dng] to nail [y] plead, (= hy) appeal [x] xx panting, puffing hard [y] <interjection "Whoa!"> [x] tin (Sn) [zng] (= zngsng) give as a present [hng] hubbub [hng] fool, coax [hng] horseplay [lng] bell [wn] stupid, stubborn, naughty; wnqing indomitable; wng obstinate [zh] propagate, (= fnzh) breed, reproduce, colonize; zhmnd colony [shi] gshi skeleton [yng] hawk, eagle

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[Ci] <family name>, sacrificial tortoise [cu] urge, hurry, hasten [f] frng cottonrose hibiscus, lotus [bn] bnbn <archaic> refined, urbane [pn] (= ) put/piece together, spell, risk life [pn] abandon and ignore [gu] track, rail, course, path; gudo orbit [y] Oh! [yo] <interjection indicating exhortation> [yo] ouch [qin] apology; doqin apologize; boqin regret, be sorry [dng] stare at [shu] very large; shushxuwi Master's degree [r] offend, ask for (trouble); r mfn excite or invite trouble [q] (= qyu) contract, legal agreement [qi] qiku long separation, to be separated from one another [y] make a fool of, dupe, (= ychn) foolish, stupid [shui] commander in chief, graceful [hung] afraid, fearful, (= hungkng) alarmed, anxious, uneasy, (= yuhung, (= hunghu) apprehensive; scared, alarmed [hn] (= yhn) regret, sorry [ln] lazy, sluggish; shn lnyo stretch oneself [y] aunt (mother's sister), sister-in-law (wife's sister) [chun] (= chunq) pant, gasp for breath; qchun asthma [shu] beast, wild animal, (= yshu) beastly, crude, uncivilized [m] path between fields, (= mshng) strange; mshngrn stranger [zho] cover, hood, overalls, cage [li] (= dli) hunt, chase; liren hunter; ligu hound [sng] lofty (mountain); Sngshn mountain in Hnn [yn] salt [j] starve, be hungry, famine; j' hunger, starvation [q] cold, chilly, sad; qling desolate; qcn wretched [hu] (= hulng) throat, larynx [yn] (= ynhu) banquet [qing] cavity, tune, pitch, accent, speech [hn] writing brush, writing [x] (= xgi) knee [lng] hill, mound, tomb; Shsnlng the 13 Ming tombs

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[fng] bee, wasp; mfng honeybee; fngfng beehive [lu] patrol; luji <loan> logic [p] chop, split [p] divide, split [lin] honest, clean, low-priced [gu] bind, wrap; bogu bundle, package [jio] severe, (= jio'o) arrogant, proud [fn] fnzi dealer; fnmi deal in, traffic, peddle [hu] paint, draw; huhu drawing, painting [y] (= yb) precipice, cliff [chn] time, day, occasion, celestial bodies, 2-hr period; xngchn star [y] tiny edge of world; shngy career, profession [g] ancient Chinese weapon similar to dagger axe or halberd [kng] hole, pit [zh] cover, hide, block [qn] capture, catch, seize [mn] quite, very, fierce, (= ymn) barbaric; mnhng unreasonable [zh] bizh <Chinese medicine> root of Dahurian Angelica [d] stop up, block, <classifier for walls>, <family name>; y d qing a wall [g] (= gyng) hire, employ; gzh employer; gyun employee [wn] draw, pull, roll up; wnji rescue; (F ) pull (cart/carriage); lament [min] ( shumin) sleep; dngmin hibernate [wn] kiss, animal's mouth, muzzle, lips [xio] filial, filial piety, mourning [b] at anchor, moor, berth [p] hp lakes [s] rip, tear; shu tear apart [x] tx arouse attention, help and guide [hng] (= cihng) rainbow [jing] <colloquial> rainbow [x] chat, (= xsh, = xsh) narrate, relate [cu] (= chncu) pure, unadulterated [min] make an effort; minqing force; with difficulty [ji] (= jil) do one's utmost, (= jijn) use up, exhaust [wi] crooked, askew, inclined, devious [shn] cautious, careful [k] <classifier for trees, cabbages, etc.>; y k sh a tree [p] (F ) (= ps) simple

[Pio] <family name> [p] psh Chinese hackberry [p] pdo a type of long knife 2170 2171 2172 2173 2174 2175 2176 2177 [xi] machinery, (= jxi) mechanical; qxi apparatus [x] (= xli) brook, small stream [l] mli jasmine; mli huch jasmine tea [bn] spot, speck, stripe; bnm zebra [k] knock against; ktu kowtow; kpng collide with [gu] few, scant, tasteless; gufu widow; chnmguyn habitually silent [xn] follow, abide by; xnhun circulate, cycle

[zhn] chop [l] take by force, (= ldu) pillage, plunder; ( lgu) sweep past 2178 [l] sweep/brush past, snatch away 2179 (F ) [L] <family name> [x] (= xr) former times, the past; wngx in the past 2180 [jio] (= jioq, = jiaowi) suburbs, outskirts 2181 2182 2183 2184 2185 2186 2187 2188 2189 2190 2191 2192 2193 2194 2195 2196 2197 2198 [ju] rank of nobility, peerage; jush knight; jush ynyu jazz [hu] emblem, badge, insignia; nhu shng Anhui Province [c] magnetism; cti magnet; cdi (magnetic) tape [f] bow (one's head), bend down; fchng dive; fkn look down at, overlook [tn] talk, <family name>; tinfngytn the story of Arabian Nights [dng] ancient cooking vessel, tripod [f] stroke, touch lightly, whisk, flick, go against (somebody's wishes); fxio before daybreak [b] (=) assist [n] I, we; nmen we (refers to speakers only) [so] (= dso) elder brother's wife, sister-in-law [p] kerchies, (= shup) handkerchief [g] What?, Huh? [g] How come?, Why? [?g] O.K., Agreed! [dng] freeze [wn] gentle, (= wnzhun) tactful, agreeable [tng] parasol tree; tngyu tung oil [lu] (= lutuo) camel [p] splash, spoll, sprinkle; rude and unreasonable; hupo lively [jing] artisan

[jiang] mjiang carpenter; tijing blacksmith 2199 2200 2201 2202 2203 2204 2205 2206 2207 2208 2209 2210 2211 2212 2213 2214 2215 2216 2217 2218 2219 2220 2221 2222 2223 2224 2225 2226 2227 2228 2229 [tng] light boat [qin] qinx, qinxn modest [j] (= chngj) prostitute, <traditional> female performer [p] ps bodhisattva, benevolent being [c] (= csu) toilet [si] (= mosi) latrine [f] capture, (= fl) prisoner, captive [y] resolute; yl willpower; jiny determined [lng] mountain, (= shnlng) mountain range, ridge; jnlng high mountains [y] fork, bifurcation; ytou girl, maid, servant, salve girl [wi] fear, respect; wij dread; wisu flinch [Xing] short name for Hnn; Xing Jing a river in Hunan [tng] bucket [sng] (= sngzi) throat, (= sngyn) voice, (= sngmnr) larynx, voice [hung] bright, brilliant; Dnhung Shk Gansu Caves [bo] <family name>, (= boy) abalone [l] grain, granule; lz <terminology in physics> particle [xing] lane, alley [hng] hngdo tunnel (in a mine) [lin] flag as shop sign; (F ) curtain [t] bald, bare, blunt, incomplete [l] (F ) (= lyu) 12th lunar month, cured (fish/meat/etc.); lchng sausage; Xl Greece [x] dried meat [cng] warehouse [gui] (= guiwn) turn, change direction, limp, swindle, abduct; guign walking stick [bng] bind, tie; bngji kidnap [sh] (= shzi) what? (= shnme) [jin] recommend, <archaic> grass, straw [n] <family name>, (= dunn) clue [s] musical instrument with 25 strings [lng] hall [y] (= yzi) duck; Tng loy Donald Duck [m] (= fngm) honey; mfng honeybee [zhn] zhndun diagnose; zhnsu clinic

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[png] shed, shack, canopy; wpeng shack [xin] lift (a cover, etc.), surge [tng] tube; dintng flashlight [x] (= xf) daughter-in-law; tngyngx child bride [wn] lines, veins, (wood) grain [mio] second (1/60 of a minute) [zhn] moisten, soak, touch [png] (= pngd) colossal, huge [dn] squat on the heels, stay [so] (= sodng, = solun) disturb, harass [q] (of roads:) fork, branch, divergent; qsh discriminate [su] <classifier for boats, vessels, etc.>; ling su yuchun two oil tankers [zh] <traditional> iris; zhma sesame [hu] clamor, hubbub, (= xunhu) noise, clamor [hu] <the sound of clanging, gurgling, etc.> [m] sixth of an acre (0.0667 hectares) [qun] ticket, certificate; rchngqun admission ticket [xun] gngxun span of an arch [tng] <classifier for trips, times, rows, etc.> [tng] (= tng) ford, wade [jn] piece of cloth; mojn towel; cnjn napkin; wijn scarf [yn] excessive, over, wanton, lewd, licentious [hung] lie, prevaricate [m] quiet; jm lonely [gun] pour; gungi irrigate; gunm bush [ln] basket; lnqi basketball [wng] absurd, rash; wngxingkung paranoia [g] put [g] endure [zh] brother's son, nephew; zhn brother's daughter, neice [xing] wing of a house, side, railway carriage [ch] (= chzi) fork, intersection, (= jioch) intersect [ch] obstruct, jam up [ch] the distance between thumb and middle minger on an outstretched hand [ch] fork, diverge; chl crossroad [Y] <family name>, small boat [sh] (=) [f] fell, cut down, attack

2258 2259

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[zi] slaughter, butcher, govern; zig invade and oppress [mn] hide the truth from [zhu] yzhu cosmos [zhng] swollen; zhngli tumor; red and swollen [q] lacquer, paint; yuq paint; qhi pitch-black [b] fear, frightening; kngb terror [w] (= y) <archaic> I, me [hu] roar, howl [qio] Huqio overseas Chinese; compatriots abroad [di] pile up, repeat; ( zhdi) fold [xio] hxio whistle, scream, whizz [gun] ( guntou) can; jar [s] (= s) four, (= sy) wantonly, <archaic> shop [qn] ( qnzi) skirt [q] (= kq) cry, weep, (= chuq) sob [zhng] (= pngzhng) swell, expand [f] () bestow on; compose; taxes [o] boil, stew; endure [o] boil, cook in water [chn] take advantage of; while; chn jhu take advantage of an opportunity [hi] hey [k] ksou cough [y] ykui delighted [kn] chngkn, knqi sincere; plead [g] gf let down, disappoint [j] jru muscle [yng] (= yng'r) baby, infant [y] (= ymo) feather; ymoqi badminton [gng] <archaic> personally; bend at the waist [b] execute (kill); qingb execute by shooting [j] (= jli) arrest, detain; jsh restrict; jji overcautious [dng] sting, bite; say/ask again, verify [wa] <sentence final particle like a> [w] wah! (sound of crying) [qng] ( qnglng) fine, sunny; qngtinpl a bolt from the blue [m] ( my) riddle [mi] riddle [Hui] a river in and

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[wng] prosperous, flourishing; vigorous, exuberant [y] leisure, escape; ny comfortable, leisurely [qing] beautiful jade; agar [jing] ginger [w] (sound of whistling, zooming); wy sob, whimper [cun] flee, scurry; exile; change wording [bn] proclaim, (= bnf) promulgate, issue [xn] firewood, fuel, (= xnshui) salary [zhi] stockade, camp [nio] [su] urine, urinate [ji] jaw; cheek [di] dib arrest [di] catch; mo di losh a cat catching a mouse [b] fortune telling [bo] hlubo carrot [zho] clear, obvious; zhoxu rehabilitate [jn] soak [gu] scrape; gu hzi shave; (F ) (wind) blow [k] kchi colloquial scrape, sponge on [wn] wnr just like; wnrn as if; [yun] [zh] (= zhfu) advise, enjoin, urge, exhort [nng] bag; ggunngnng bulging [nng] nngchui pork near the pig's nipples [y] reside, live; ysu residence; fable, allegory [b] contradict; bch denounce; fnb refute [chng] chngy propose [chng] chngyu entertainer [y] (= my) take a bath; ysh bath/shower room [g] coo, cluck (bird sounds) [nu] ( nudong) move; remove [b] bdu fight, wrestle; mib pulse [png] bitter fleabane, (= pngsng) fluffy, <classifier for clumps of bamboo, grass, etc.>; pngb vigorous [shng] part of the day; noon [q] canal, ditch, channel; irrigation ditch [du] pocket, bag [nn] nnnn mutter

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[y] <archaic> smooth; wipe out, raze [H] name for Shanghai [jin] inexpensive, cheap, lowly, humble, worthless [p] qp boldness [b] [tu] [du] rudder; helm; steersman, helmsman [x] qngx clear, distinct [jing] stiff; numb; deadlocked; stiff, rigid [go] pudding, (= dngo) cake [y] <archaic> descendents, posterity; borderland [zh] zhx order, sequence [y] ( yko) lean on; rest against; rely on [t] collapse; sink; calm down [hung] suddenly, as if [gu] ( guzi) hook [cho] choxio ridicule, laugh at; chofng sneer at, taunt, mock; chonng mock, deride [bng] be close to; bngwn toward evening, at nightfall [y] abundant, affluent; fy rich, wealthy, opulent [zh] boil, cook [r] milk, breast; br breast-feed; rlo cheese [w] do not! [sh] vertical, perpendicular; vertical stroke "" [chng] chastise, punish, correct, repress; restrain oneself [d] look at, observe; md see with one's own eyes [zh] tree-trunk; shuzhdit guarding a tree-trunk to wait for a rabbit [xi] embroider; embroidered portrait [yo] ( yom) demon; yoro charming, enchanting [y] amazed [k] (used in transliterations) kfi coffee [g] gl curry [gng] fishing net rope; guiding principle; program [ti] foetus, birth, (= lnti) tire (of a wheel) [bn] seashore; bnln to be close to (a body of water) [gng] to plough, till [ch] sneer [cng] (ship) cabin

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[y] yl amuse, amusement, recreation [fi] (= tfi) bandit, brigand, robber; fit gangster [y] wy crow; ypin opium [wi] stomach; wiku appetite [zo] rash, impetuous [sh] (= shzi) lion [png] bang (sound) [n] nr girl [ln] cold; strict; afraid; shiver, tremble with cold or fear [gu] () tortoise; turtle [jn] jnl fissure (of parched earth) [Qi] Qic Kucha, a historic town at the northern rim of the Taklamakan Desert [lu] lut nude; stark-naked; exposed [yn] handsome, beautiful; bright red [f] <archaic> only, curtesy name [yo] kiln; () cave dwelling [tng] dike, (= chtng, = shutng) pool [xin] fiber [qin] rope for towing boat [chng] love, bestow favor on [lin] ( linzi) chain; zipper; hinge [gng] arch, cup one hand in other before chest, push with no hands [yn] ancient title for government official; (surname) [ju] dig, excavate [b] dam; dyke, embankment [xi] (= xizhi, = xi'i) narrow [mng] engrave, carve; mngk inscription, engrave on one's mind [chn] chnp honest, simple, unsophisticated [m] wash one's hair; my bathe [xn] pervasive fragrance [Pn] <family name> [shui] swing back and forth, toss, get rid of, leave behind {Compare with yng use} [bng] posted list of names, announcement, notice; example, model [bng] (=) oar, whip, rod [yun] shnyun abyss [xin] xinm envy, admire [w] wr insult, humiliate

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[qng] minister or high official in ancient times [w] () towering; bald [xun] make noise; xunh shout loudly [l] shoes [hu] (= huzi) monkey [wng] crooked; pervert; yunwang do wrong, treat unjustly [chn] line, to place underneath, lining; chnshn shirt [pn] border of a field; shore, side, bank [dng] stool, bench; [min] remote, long ago; Mindin Burma [xin] string of musical instrument [x] (= xm) raise (domestiv animals) [ch] chsheng beast [x] smashed rice [y] overflow; yngy be permeated with [lu] hug; drag, pull [lu] hold in the arms [q] qgi beggar; qto beg [xn] a period of ten days; shngxn first ten days of a month [f] tie up, bind [cn] cnln splendid, magnificent [y] chariot; area; yln public opinion [yn] dyn wild goose [jun] (= pjun) tired, weary [chu] reward, payment; chuxi thank with a gift; bochou reward [yn] tone, charm, appeal, (= yyn) rhyme; ynwn verse [mi] wmi lovely; radiant and enchanting [d] dyke; ( d'n) embankment [pn] climb; pull down; pndng clamber up [qi] qitng eavesdrop; doqi steal [nn] tender, delicate, light, inexperienced [su] satisy, fulfil, succeed; suxn fulfill one's desire [su] bnshnbsu parlysis in half the body [chng] transparent, clear [dng] settle [dng] hungdngdng glistening yellow, golden [zhn] scout, reconnoitre; detective [Shn] Shnxshng Shaanxi Province

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[lu] chulu ugly [bn] stupid; clumsy; cumbersome; heavy, cumbersome [shi] yoshi key [ch] spoon [m] (= mr) foam, froth; pom foam, froth; tumo saliva [sng] towering, lofty; alarm, shock; gosng stand tall [ci] step [jing] sauce, paste, jam; jingyu soy sauce; hushngjing peanut butter [h] kettle, pot, bottle [fi] kfi coffee [l] roll; busy; mediocre [li] [l] [yng] itch [b] I, me, my, vulgar; bsh despise, disdain [k] shell, case [qio] shell, hard surface [zhn] (, ) loyal; virgin; ancient fortune-telling [mi] mold, mildew; domi have bad luck [chn] ( ychn) stupid [l] lwi reed; hlu gourd [l] [g] gbo arm; gbei arm [g] tickle [g] [y] <grammatical particle similar to ""> [yn] huyn flame [j] jliangg backbone [j] wj ridge of roof [qi] qijn imprison; qifn prisoner [f] assist, complement; fdo coach, tutor; fzh assist, auxiliary; fyn consonant [zhng] account, credit, debt [zu] assist [lio] (= gunlio) official, (= tnglio) colleague [qu] sparrow [qio] qiozi freckle [qio] qiomangyn night blindness

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[zhun] write, compose [shu] play (role/tricks/etc.), play with, gamle, make fun of, <family name> [zhn] () pillow [jin] pick up, gather, collect [hn] () culvert; hnyng self-control; conserve [du] stop, pause, tease, play with [fn] excrement, manure [mng] mnglng dim moonlight, obscure [gn] liver [zhng] evaporate, (= zhngq) steam [ln] (= fnln) overflow, flood; lnyng abuse [kui] () chopsticks [ku] (dam) burst; break through; collapse; ulcer [hu] [l] nl slave; lsh official script [ko] bake, roast, toast [gng] jar, vat [gng] bow; bend; gngjin bow and arrow [tn] deep pool, pond [kung] vast; to waste time; wilderness [i] (interjection:) hey; iy; iy [i] [jn] ynjn stern; jnlng high mountains [zho] claw, talon [zhu] claw, paw, talon [qi] ( dnqi) timid; cowardly; xiqi shy [mo] profuse, (= moshng) luxuriant; mom dense [mng] awn, beard, arista, spike, sharp point [wng] miwng awn of wheat [zh] zht limbs; the Four Limbs; forelimb [do] growing rice, paddy [t] ( tzi) rabbit [j] lj refuse, garbage [s] ls refuse, garbage [y] by analogy; yny metaphor [kung] frame; case; circle [jio] hand in, pay [zhu] silk string attached to an arrow for shooting birds

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[do] skip; step; wdo dance [sho] whistle; chirp; sentry post [yng] xnyng new and original, novel [j] chrysanthemum [k] (sound of coughing or vomiting) [zhung] adorn oneself; bride's trousseau [yn] flood; drown [c] porcelain, china; toc ceramics [din] shallow water; (F ) form sediment; settle; precipitate; dinfn starch [l] wax, polish, yellowish, (= lzh) candle [ju] jju chew [jio] chew [jio] [j] dose [gung] stroll, ramble, roam [zhu] gallop; bzhu procedure; zhurn suddenly [sh] hot weather; (shji) summer vacation [jn] front of garment, bros. in law; yjn front of Chinese jacket [l] hut, cottage [png] pnggu apple [shi] roast in sun [do] , , mourn, grieve [mi] no sun; dark; obscure; hidden; to feign [lng] approach; hold together; comb (hair) [hn] letter; hnjin correspondence; fnsh (math) function [lng] mnglng dim moonlight; obscure [lng] [jio] glue, gum, rubber, stick, sticky [sh] express, convey; [png] png on. crack (of rifle/etc.); pngpng pingpong {Compare with bng soldier} [fng] satirize, mock [di] bad, evil, vicious [hn] dry land; drought [p] ptao grape; ptaoji grape wine [wi] only, alone, think, ponder, wiy only, sole [jin] choose, select, pick out [gng] gnggng brilliant; dedicated; gngzh upright

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[nin] twenty (same as rsh) [zhung] stake, pile; (): [y] 2nd in sequence [yo] ballad; yoyn rumor, hearsay [zhu] fall; weigh down; zhuzi weight; ear pendant; ballad [zh] stagnant, sluggish [yn] pregnant; conceive; contraception [sng] recite from memory [sh] () comb; to comb [gng] ridge of a hill [fi] (= fizng) lung [wn] pill, pellet, ball [shung] (= shungdng) frost [zh] (= zhy) juice; guzh fruit juice [sh] yarn; minsh cotton yarn [xin] hold in mouth; hold inside; rank; military rank [n] greasy, oily; smooth; ( nfan) disgusted, fed up [din] (ancient) suburb; pasture [din] chndindin heavy [p] pji beer [kn] bank, ridge [ji] to plant, (= zhungjia) crops [h] grain; hmio seedlings [lng] distracted, stupified [lng] [zh] (= yuzh) oil, grease; zhfng fat, grease [to] ptao grape [lo] dredge for, fish for, scoop up out of water [jio] disturb, annoy, (=) stir, mix, agitate, [xi] fragments, bits and pieces; minute; trivial [sn] () umbrella; , parachute [di] hdi butterfly; diyng chrysalis [zh] () casting, founding [q] body, stature; body [zh] young, immature, childish; zhq childishness [xng] flesh; fishy; xngchu rancid, stinking [tng] cane, rattan; vine

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[du] steep; suddenly; duqio precipitous [tng] hot (burning hot to the touch, cf. r) [l] pear; pineapple [] [] Oh! [] softly chant [jing] syrup, starch [jing] (= jing) thick (of porridge etc.) [p] pjng secluded; pinp out-of-the way [fng] lane [fng] workshop, mill [yn] absent-minded [x] gap; crack; rift; loophole [to] wash, clean; toq naughty; toti eliminate [ku] collapse, break down [to] toto torrential; talk on and on [ning] brew, ferment, wine, (= ningchng) result in, breed [] goose; q' penguin [z] <archaic> this; now; year [c] [do] pound, beat; harass; dolun make a disturbance [dng] ridgepole [gu] [gui] migui rose [chng] spacious; open [i] (= izhng) cancer [ln] cable; cable car [shu] shining; glimmer, twinkle [mi] migui rose; yellow rose [zh] cheat, swindle; pretend, feign [sh] evil spirit; shbi deathly pale [sh] stop, (= sh, = sh) kill [m] membrane, film; jiom cornea (of eye) [fn] ( fnsho) burn, set on fire [zhn] to glue, to paste [nin] (= nin) sticky [cu] break, (= cuhu, = cucn) destroy [y] miny immunity; wny pestilence [zhung] () (for buildings)

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[chung] pennant; Buddhist pillar [r] you, thou [tn] ( tnzi) blanket; ( dtn) carpet, rug [cu] setback, (= cuzh) frustrate, defeat [fng] spin yarn; fngzh spin and weave; fngch spinning wheel [xi] fxi decayed, rotten [chu] hammer [du] exchange, convert, add (water etc.); duhun convert, exchange [bin] braid [du] fall, sink; dulu degenerate, sink low [d] bamboo flute, whistle [m] seek; look for; demand [b] cover, shelter, hide; ynb conceal oneself; covert [xi] in harmony [mng] limng hoodlum [mng] common people [mi] qngmi scornful [fi] fitng boiling; boiling point [j] lngj <archaic> in disorder [ji] (= ji) borrow, lend [xi] unload, discharge; remove; shirk [x] extinguish, put out, go out; xmi go out, die out [bin] flat; inscription; bindan carrying pole [pin] [tn] charcoal [kng] high-spirited; kngki fervent; liberal, generous [png] sail; zhngpng tent [zh] wink, blink [p] pr for instance, for example [do] dodao chatter [to] togung much obliged [sh] shci vegetable [chu] ( schu) silk [x] son-in-law [lio] few, empty, vacant, lonely [jio] irrigate, water; pour liquid on; [png] bang; pngpng pingpong {Compare with bng soldier}

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[go] ygo toothpaste; ointment [go] lubricate [tng] () chest; chamber [zu] zumo ponder [zhu] zhum polish [p] (sound:) bang [sh] <archaic> kind and gentle [b] (=) <used for sound value> [b] bbng malady, evil; drawback; pros and cons [zo] stove; kitchen [c] vinegar; be jealous (in love affair) [bn] (variant of bn) [din] establish; give offerings to the dead [tn] () village; collect [png] expand, inflate; pngzhng expand, swell [ln] sink; lnxin fall (to enemy); be reduced to [l] thread; strand; lnl shabby, ragged [rng] (= trng) soil [y] smelt (metal) [xi] leisure; kngxi spare time; bxi be too busy [ru] rub, knead [lu] vine; lubo radish; hlubo carrot; blu pineapple [xing] circle in the air [zh] zhzh spider [l] ( lzi) chestnut; (F ) tremble [yn] shady [yn] (=) [j] jxio mock; jfng ridicule [cng] green, (=) onion, scallion [gng] gngg consolidate [zhu] porridge, gruel, congee [y] (=) sell, vend [zhi] vegetarian religious diet, give alms, room or building [q] qjn hitherto, up to now, so far [zh] qzh banner, flag, stand, position [jn] fungus, bacterium; , germ [jn] mushroom [qin] lead (Pb); qinb pencil

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[hu] ( hul) bribe; give a bribe [rng] down; velvet; floss [l] companion, associate [dun] forge; dunlin exercise [qin] qinz condemn [xing] xingyng turbulent [f] apply (powder, ointment, etc.); spread; to elaborate [xio] night; tngxio throughout the night; Yunxioji Lantern Festival [hu] hide; avoid; name of deceased person [lu] gong [hn] shake, shock, vibrate [hng] successful, go smoothly, <electrical terminology> henry [tng] drip (water or blood), shed (tears), trickle (sweat) [kng] carry on the shoulder [gng] lift with both hands [shn] China fir [sh] shgo fir scaffold-pole [zo] dry; gnzo dry, dull; kzo boring [yn] to divide evenly; to spare; even [mio] tiny, negligible; miomng distant and indistinct [di] small plate or dish; saucer; frisbee, UFO [qin] xingqin inlay, set, mount [w] irrigate; ( fiw) fertile; wy fertile land [pu] cut/slit open, (= jipu) dissect; pumin cross section, sectional view; pux analyse, dissect [j] <archaic> honorable woman, concubine, <family name> [chu] chuho nickname [cho] grab; take up [su] dusuo tremble, shiver [jio] twist; strangle; death by hanging [zhu] axle; axis; spool [zhu] [li] build by piling up stones etc.; softball [zo] zoshng noise [yn] yncng contain, hold in store [Sho] <family name> [z] <local> (= znme) how [z] <archaic> bite

[zh] how?, what?, why?; zhhu bluster, show off [zh] bite; zhsh cluck with the tongue (in surrprice/etc.), to be left speechless {Compare with zu yesterday} 2880 2886 2888 2890 2893 2895 2899 2900 2903 2904 2907 2908 2911 2914 2923 2925 2928 2929 2932 2935 2936 2937 2960 2967 2968 2970 2972 2973 2974 2978 [png] level ground; copng lawn [yng] hire, (= yngrn) servant; gyng hire [yng] (= yngjn) commission [lun] () egg, ovum; luncho ovary [zhu] daytime [bi] check, restrain, suppress; suffocate, feel depressed [ku] (used in transliterations) kunng quinine [w] seal, cover, muffle [w] [jin] to fry [chu] see, look at [qiu] [sh] lose; erode, corrode [rng] fuse, smelt, ( rnghu) melt; rngyn lava [xi] shrimp; lngxi lobster; xichofn shrimp fried rice [h] (=); hma frog, toad [mi] hungmi absurd; miln fallacy [shn] shnsh gentleman, gentry [xing] inlay; edge [lng] ( rlng) deaf [m] raise, recruit [lng] ridge or raised path in field; monopolize [yn] man of virtue and ability [qio] hold up; qio wiba "to hold up the tail" = to be/get cocky, to be snobbish and self-important [qio] raise one's head; become warped [p] lie prone; lean over [xng] apricot; almond [zhng] obvious, apparant; showy; biozhng commend, cite [chn] chnmng clarify; chnsh expound [sng] ssng lawsuit [sh] shni pivot, axis [zhn] <archaic> towering; zhnxn brand-new, completely new [p] cattail, <family name> [xi] come down in torrents; laxative [jin] economical, (= jinp) frugal; qnjin industrious and thrifty

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[xing] (= xingsh) oak, rubber tree; xingjio rubber; xingp eraser, rubber [rng] (= rnghu) dissolve; (chemical) solution [p] pb waterfall [b] hold on to; dig up; rake; strip [p] rake up; stew, braise [chn] <archaic> treasure