Office Use Only

Monash University
Semester One Examination Period 2011 Faculty Of Engineering
EXAM CODES: TITLE OF PAPER: EXAM DURATION: READING TIME: CHE 2162 Material and Energy Balances 3 hours writing time 10 minutes

THIS PAPER IS FOR STUDENTS STUDYING AT:( tick where applicable) Berwick Clayton Malaysia Off Campus Learning Caulfield Gippsland Peninsula Enhancement Studies Pharmacy Other (specify)

Open Learning Sth Africa

During an exam, you must not have in your possession, a book, notes, paper, electronic device/s, calculator, pencil case, mobile phone or other material/item which has not been authorised for the exam or specifically permitted as noted below. Any material or item on your desk, chair or person will be deemed to be in your possession. You are reminded that possession of unauthorised materials in an exam is a discipline offence under Monash Statute 4.1.

No examination papers are to be removed from the room.

AUTHORISED MATERIALS CALCULATORS YES NO (Only calculators with an 'approved for use' Faculty of Engineering' or 'Faculty of Science' stickers are permitted) YES YES NO NO

OPEN BOOK SPECIFICALLY PERMITTED ITEMS if yes, items permitted are:

Candidates must complete this section if required to write answers within this paper

STUDENT ID

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

DESK NUMBER

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Instructions Answer all questions clearly showing all steps and assumptions. Table of data provided from page 6 to 11. Dry air contains 79 mol% N2 and 21 mol% O2 (unless otherwise specified in the question) and the average molecular weight of air is 29 g/mol. Relative atomic masses: H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, S = 32

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Question 1 [15 Marks] PART A A sugar solution in water contains 0.145 kg sucrose/kg water (sucrose = C12H22O11) and the specific gravity of the solution is 1.045. Calculate (a) Mole fraction of sucrose in the solution. (b) Density of the solution in lbm/ft . Part B The sugar solution in Part A is stored in a tank such that the liquid level is 12 m above ground level. This solution is to be siphoned from the tank to a fermentation reactor which maintains a liquid level of 8.5m above ground level. The pressure in the storage tank and the reactor is maintained constant at 100 mmHg (gauge) pressure. The friction loss in the siphoning tube is 2.54 m2/s2. Estimate how long (min) it will take to siphon 2000 lbm. Clearly state any assumptions you make. [10 marks]
3

[3 marks] [2 marks]

Storage Tank

0.75 inch tube O.D. 0.05 inch tube thickness

12 m

8.5 m

Fermentation Reactor

Ground Level

Given:

2 + + gz + = 2

Question 2 [20 Marks] A gas stream containing Methanol (CH3OH) vapour and a non-condensable mixture of CO and H2 in a ratio of 2 mol H2/mol CO at 100C and 1000 mm Hg (absolute) enters a condenser operating at 0C and 1 atm. The metered flow rate of the stream at the inlet condition is 750 m3/h and the relative saturation of methanol is 5.00%. The vapour and liquid streams exiting the condenser are at equilibrium (methanol should be considered as the only condensable species). Calculate the following and clearly state any assumptions you make (a) Draw a flow chart of the process and label all the streams with independent process variables [5 marks]
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(b) Determine the mole fractions of all the components in the inlet stream [5 marks] (c) Using Raoults law for single condensable species, determine the percentage recovery of methanol in the liquid stream [mol CH3OH condensed/mol CH3OH fed]. [10 marks] Given: Relative Saturation:
= 100% ()

Raoults Law, Single Condensable Species (at vapour liquid equilibrium):

= = ()

Question 3 [15 marks] A liquid mixture containing 40 mol% benzene and the balance toluene is fed to a single equilibrium adiabatic flash evaporator. The feed stream is at 148.9C and Pfeed (mmHg). Liquid stream (bottom) and vapour stream (top) leave the evaporator at equilibrium at 2 atm and temperature Te (C). (a) What is the minimum value of Pfeed (mmHg) required to keep the feed in the liquid state before entering the evaporator (in other words what is the bubble-point pressure of the feed solution). [5 marks] (b) Without doing any calculation, use the information given in the data sheets to specify the minimum and maximum value of Te (C) if both liquid and vapour are present in the evaporator? [3 marks] (c) Briefly explain why Te cannot exceed the feed temperature if any vaporisation takes place? (consider the fact that the evaporator is adiabatic) [5 marks] (d) What will be the effect on Te if the evaporator pressure is lowered and why? (chose one option from below) [2 marks] i. Lower Te ii. Higher Te iii. No Change iv. Need more information to specify

Data:
( ) = 5 32 9

= + +

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Question 4 [25 Marks]

An adult takes roughly 12 breaths each minute, inhaling approximately 500mL with each breath. However, during exercise the breathing rate increases by 50%. The molar compositions of the inhaled and exhaled air on a dry basis are as follows: Species O2 N2 CO2 Inhaled air (mol %) 21 79 0 Exhaled air (mol %) 16.95 79.1 3.95

The inhaled air is at 22.1C and the exhaled air is at the body temperature (37C). The relative humidity of both inhaled and exhaled air is found to be 60%. If a person is exercising, calculate the following a. Calculate the amount of water (kmol H2O/100 kmol dry air) in the inhaled and exhaled air. [5 marks] b. Calculate the mole fractions of all the components in inhaled and exhaled air on a wet basis. [5 marks] c. Draw a flowchart of the respiration process and label all the streams with process variables. [5 marks] d. Calculate the rate (g/h) of O2, CO2 and H2O transferred from the lungs to the blood or vice versa (specify which). [10 marks]

Question 5 [25 marks] 3. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is converted to sulfur trioxide (SO3) using a catalyst in the following reaction:
22 + 2

23

In a pilot plant run SO2 and 100% excess air are fed at 450C and the product stream leaves at 500C. The fractional conversion of SO2 was calculated to be 55% and molar flow of SO3 required in the plant is 100 kmol/min. The reactor is surrounded by a cooling water jacket to remove heat at the rate of (). a. Draw a flowchart to illustrate the conversion process and label all the material and energy streams. [5 marks] b. Calculate the molar flow rates of all the species in the feed and the product streams. [5 marks] c. Calculate the extent of reaction and tabulate the molar streams including the enthalpy of each stream. [5 marks] d. Calculate the heat () removed by the cooling water. Data: Specific enthalpy (/) (Reference state: Gas, Tref = 25C and Pref = 1 atm) T (C) SO2 SO3 450 19.62 27.63 500 22.19 31.44
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[10 marks]

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Selected Physical Property Data

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