In this experiment, there were no clear zone or inhibition zone found.

It was possible that the protein fraction, which were used in this experiment has no antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus. There were some possibilities that could happened, such as; damaged/degraded protein fraction, sample bacteria had become resistant to the protein fraction, or insufficient dose of the fraction to make a clear zone on the petri dish.

Discussion Experimenters were assigned to observe the activity of nematode protein fraction on Staphylococcus aureus. The result shows that there was no antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus. In this discussion, experimenters are trying to analyze and explaining about the results. There were several logical possibilities that experimenters will explain in this section. Those several possibilities are: 1. Staphylococcus aureus that was used in this experiment had become resistant to protein fraction 2. Protein fraction could be degraded during storage 3. The dose that experimenters used for this experiment (50 l) were insufficient to kill bacteria on the petri dish. First, bacteria sample that experimenters used in this experiment had become resistant to the protein fraction. If the bacteria sample had become resistant to those protein fraction, it is impossible for the protein fraction to kill those bacteria. Those bacteria (in this case, Staphylococcus aureus) had been created some mechanism that could make the protein fraction ineffective to make any activity on those bacteria. In some cases, this kind of resistance could happened. For example, bacteria that had become resistant to penicillin will produce -lactamase enzyme. This enzyme will make penicillin ineffective to kill penicillin resistant bacteria. Or, in some other cases, bacteria that has become resistant to some antibiotics could enhanced efflux of the antibiotics. This means that antibiotics that enters bacteria could be transported to the outside of the bacteria cell. This kind of resistance, happened to tetracycline resistant Eschericia coli. If tetracycline enters the cell of the bacteria, the bacteria will transport tetracycline to outside of the cell. In this kind of resistance, the bacteria will transport some other antibiotics that have same structure. So, the tetracycline resistant Eschericia coli, will resist any other antibiotics that have the same structure with tetracycline. Experimenters assume that this resistance could happened to any other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus that had been used on this experiment. It was possible that the bacteria sample had become resistant to some antibiotics that has a similarity to the protein fraction, this means that if the fraction enters the bacteria, it could be

transported to the outside of the cell using this mechanism. Or, the bacteria sample produces some enzyme that could make the fraction ineffective. Now, the second cause, protein are thermo sensitive. Protein fraction could be degraded during storage, or during the fractionation of the protein. Experiment was done in a conventional laboratory without any special treatment, on room temperature 25o 280C. In this temperature, it was possible that the protein fraction degraded into another form of protein, which has no bacterial activity on it. Its also possible that those protein fraction had antibacterial activity, but if those protein are degraded by high temperature, the conformation of the protein could be changed and their activity on Staphylococcus aureus could changed too. The third possibility that caused these protein fraction showed no antibacterial activity is, the volume that experimenters used. It was possible that the fraction had an antibacterial activity, and/or didnt degraded, but maybe these fraction has a weak antibacterial activity, and 50 L of the fraction that experimenters used were not enough to show any activity. So, experimenters must have used more fraction on this experiment because 50 micro liters of the fraction give no results of bacteria.