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Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point EN 1993-1-1 Valrie LEMAIRE Alain BUREAU
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Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point
This worked example deals with a simply supported beam with lateral restraints at supports and at load application point. The following distributed loads are applied to the beam: self-weight of the beam concrete slab imposed load
5,0 m 1
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5,0 m 1 1

1 : Lateral restraint

The beam is a I-rolled profile in bending about the strong axis. This example includes : the classification of the cross-section, the calculation of bending resistance, including the exact calculation of the elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling, the calculation of shear resistance, including shear buckling resistance, the calculation of the deflection at serviceability limit state.

Partial factors

G = 1,35 Q = 1,50 M0 = 1,0 M1 = 1,0

(permanent loads) (variable loads)

EN 1990 EN 1993-1-1 6.1 (1)

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point EN 1993-1-1 Valrie LEMAIRE Alain BUREAU
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Basic data Design a non composite floor beam of a multi-storey building according to the data given below. Two secondary beams are connected to the calculated one at mid-span. The beam is assumed to be laterally restrained at mid-span and at the ends

7m

Calculated Beam
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7m

5m

5m Secondary beam Concrete slab

150 mm

597 mm

5m

5m

Restraints to lateral buckling

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Span length : Secondary beam:

10 m

o Span length: 7 m o Bay width :


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5m 15 cm 0,10 kN/m2 0,50 kN/m2 2,50 kN/m2 24 kN/m3

Slab depth : Secondary beams

Partitions and false ceiling: Imposed load : Concrete density : Steel grade : S355

Weight of the slab : 0,15 24 kN/m3 = 3,6 kN/m2

Try

IPEA 600 Steel grade S355 Depth Width Web thickness Flange thickness Fillet Mass Section area h = 597 mm b = 220 mm tw = 9,8 mm tf = 17,5 mm r = 24 mm 108 kg/m A = 137 cm2

tf

Euronorm 19-57
tw

y h

z b

Second moment of area /yy Iy = 82920 cm4 Second moment of area /zz Iz = 3116 cm4 Torsion constant Warping constant Elastic modulus /yy Plastic modulus /yy It = 118,8 cm4 Iw = 2607000 cm6 Wel,y = 2778 cm3 Wpl,y = 3141 cm3

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Self weight of the beam : qG = (108 9,81) 10-3 =1,06 kN/m Permanent load : FG = (3,6 + 0,10 + 0,50) 5,0 7,0 = 147 kN Variable load (Imposed load) : FQ = 2,50 5,0 7,0 = 87,5 kN

ULS Combination :

EN 1990 6.4.3.2 (6.10)

G qG = 1,35 1,06 = 1,43 kN/m G FG + Q FQ = 1,35 147 + 1,50 87,5 = 329,70 kN


Moment diagram
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842,13 kNm

Maximal moment at mid span : My,Ed = 0,125 1,43 10,002 + 0,25 329,70 10 = 842,13 kNm Shear force diagram
172 kN V 164,85 kN

Maximal shear force at supports : Vz,Ed = 0,50 1,43 10,0 + 0,50 329,70 = 172 kN Maximal shear force at mid-span : Vz,Ed = 0,50 329,70 = 164,85 kN

Yield strength Steel grade S355 The maximum thickness is 17,5 mm < 40 mm, so : fy = 355 N/mm Note :
2

EN 1993-1-1 Table 3.1

The National Annex may impose either the values of fy from the Table 3.1 or the values from the product standard.

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Section classification : The parameter is derived from the yield strength : = Outstand flange : flange under uniform compression c = (b tw 2 r) / 2 = (220 9,8 2 24)/2 = 81,10 mm c/tf = 81,1 / 17,5 = 4,63 9 = 7,29 Class 1 235 = 0,81 f y [N/mm 2 ]

EN 1993-1-1 Table 5.2 (sheet 2 of 3)

Internal compression part : web under pure bending c = h 2 tf 2 r = 597 2 17,5 2 24 = 514 mm c / tw = 514 / 9.8 = 52,45 < 72 = 58,32
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EN 1993-1-1 Table 5.2 (sheet 1 of 3) Class 1

The class of the cross-section is the highest class (i.e the least favourable) between the flange and the web, here : Class 1 So the ULS verifications should be based on the plastic resistance of the cross-section.

Moment resistance The design resistance for bending of a cross section is given by : Mc,Rd = Mpl,Rd = Wpl,y fy / M0 = (3141 355 / 1,0) / 1000 Mc.Rd = 1115 kNm My,Ed / Mc,Rd = 842,13 / 1115 = 0,755 < 1 OK EN 1993-1-1 6.2.5

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Reduction factor for lateral torsional buckling To determine the design buckling resistance moment of a beam, the reduction factor for lateral torsional buckling must be determined. The following calculation determines this factor by calculation of the elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling.

Critical moment for lateral torsional buckling The critical moment may be calculated from the following expression :
2 2 E I z k I w (k Lc ) G I t M cr = C1 + + (C 2 z g ) 2 C2 z g 2 2 E Iz (k Lc ) k w I z 2

See NCCI SN005

E is the Young modulus :


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E = 210000 N/mm2 G = 81000 N/mm2

G is the shear modulus :

Lc is the distance between lateral restraints : Lc = 5,0 m

In the expression of Mcr, the following assumption should be considered : k=1 kw = 1 since the compression flange is free to rotate about the weak axis of the cross-section, since there is no device to prevent the warping at the ends of the beam.

The C1 and C2 coefficients depend on the moment diagram along the beam segment between lateral restraints. It can be assumed that the diagram is linear, then : C1 = 1,77 for k = 1 C2 zg = 0

Therefore :

2 E Iz

(k Lc )

2 210000 3116 10 4
(5000)
2

10 3 = 2583 kN

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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M cr = 1,77 2583

2607000 81000 1188000 3 100 + .10 3116 2583000

Mcr = 1590 kNm Non-dimensional slenderness The non-dimensional slenderness is obtained from : EN 1993-1-1 6.3.2.2 (1) Wpl,y f y M cr 3141000 355 = 0,837 1590 10 6

LT =

For rolled profiles, LT,0 = 0,4


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EN 1993-1-1 6.3.2.3(1)

Note : So

The value of LT,0 may be given in the National Annex. The recommended value is 0,4.

LT = 0,837 > LT,0

Reduction factor For rolled section, the reduction factor for lateral torsional buckling is EN 1993-1-1 calculated by : 6.3.2.3 (1) LT 1.0 1 LT = but 1 2 LT 2 2 LT LT + LT LT where : LT = 0,5 1 + LT LT LT,0 + LT

LT is the imperfection factor for LTB. When applying the method for rolled
profiles, the LTB curve has to be selected from the table 6.5 : For h/b = 597 / 220 = 2,71 > 2 Curve c LT = 0,49

EN 1993-1-1 Table 6.5 Table 6.3

LT,0 = 0,4 and = 0,75

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Note :

The values of LT,0 and may be given in the National Annex. The recommended values are 0,40 and 0,75 respectively.

We obtain : and :

LT = 0,5 [1 + 0,49 (0,837 0,4) + 0,75 (0,837)2 ] = 0,870


LT =
1 0,870 + (0,870) 2 0,75 (0,837) 2 = 0,740

Then, we check : LT = 0,740 < 1,0 and :

LT = 0,740 < 1 / LT = 1,427

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The influence of the moment distribution on the design buckling resistance moment of the beam is taken into account through the f-factor :

EN 1993-1-1 6.3.2.3 (2)

f = 1 0,5 (1 k c )1 2 LT 0,8
where : kc = 1 1,33 0,33 and = 0

)]
2

but 1 EN 1993-1-1 Table 6.6

Simplified moment distribution :

Lc

Then : kc = So :

1 = 0,752 1,33

f = 1 0,5 (1 0,752) [1 2 (0,837 0,8)2] = 0,876

We obtain : LT,mod = LT / f = 0,740 / 0,876 = 0,845

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd = LT,mod Wpl,y fy / M1 Mb,Rd = (0,845 3141000 355 / 1,0) 10-6 = 942,22 kNm My,Ed / Mb,Rd = 842,13 / 942,22 = 0,894 < 1 OK EN 1993-1-1 6.3.2.1

Shear Resistance In the absence of torsion, the shear plastic resistance depends on the shear area, which is given by: Av,z = A 2 b tf + (tw + 2 r) tf Av,z = 13700 2 220 17,5 + (9,8 + 2 24) 17,5 = 7011,5 mm2 But not less than hw tw = 1,2 562 9,8 = 6609,12 mm2 OK
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EN 1993-1-1 6.2.6 (3)

Shear plastic resistance

EN 1993-1-1

Vpl,z,Rd =

Av,z ( f y / 3 )

M0

7011,5 (355 / 3 )/1000 = 1437 kN 1,0


OK

6.2.6 (2)

Vz,Ed / Vpl,z,Rd = 172 / 1437 = 0,12 < 1

Resistance to shear buckling EN 1993-1-1 Unstiffened webs with hw/tw greater than 72 / should be checked for resistance to shear buckling and should be provided with transverse stiffeners 6.2.6 (6) at the supports. The value may be conservatively taken as 1,0. hw / tw = (597 2 17,5) / 9,8 = 57,35 < 72 0,81 / 1,0 = 58,3 So the shear buckling resistance does not need to be checked.

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

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Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point EN 1993-1-1 Valrie LEMAIRE Alain BUREAU
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Serviceability Limit State verification SLS Combination qg = 1,06 kN/m FG + FQ = 147 + 87,50 = 234,50 kN EN 1990 6.5.3

Deflection due to G+Q :

w=

(FG + FQ ) L3 48E I y

5qg L4 384EI y

w=
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234500 (10000)3 5 1,06 (10000)4 + 48 210000 82920 104 384 210000 82920 10 4

w = 28,85 mm The deflection under G+Q is L/347 OK

Deflection due to Q :

w=

FQ L3 48E I y

87500 (10000)3 48 210000 82920 10 4


EN 1993-1-1 7.2.1(1)B

w = 10,47 mm The deflection under Q is L/955 OK Note 1 : The limits of deflection should be specified by the client. The National Annex may specify some limits. Here the result may be considered as fully satisfactory. Note 2 : Concerning vibrations, the National Annex may specify limits concerning the frequency. EN 1993-1-1 7.2.3(1)B

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point SX007a-EN-EU

Quality Record
RESOURCE TITLE Reference(s) ORIGINAL DOCUMENT Name Created by Technical content checked by Editorial content checked by Technical content endorsed by the following STEEL Partners: 1. UK 2. France 3. Germany
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Example: Simply supported beam with lateral restraint at load application point

Company CTICM CTICM

Date 08/04/2005 11/05/2005

Valrie LEMAIRE Alain BUREAU

G W Owens Alain BUREAU A Olsson C Muller J Chica G W Owens

SCI CTICM SBI RWTH Labein SCI

17.08.2005 17.08.2005 17.08.2005 17.08.2005 17.08.2005 21.05.2005

4. Sweden 5. Spain Resource approved by Technical Coordinator TRANSLATED DOCUIMENT This Translation made by: Translated resource approved by:

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