PEOPLE OF THE PHIL. vs.

POTENCIANO TANEO

EN BANC
[G.R. No. 37673. March 31, 1933.] THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, plaintiff-appellee, vs. POTENCIANO TANEO, defendant-appellant. Carlos S. Tan for, appellant. Attorney-General Jaranilla, for appellee. SYLLABUS 1.PARRICI E! IN"#$%N&AR' AC&( #) ACC%(E ! E*EMP&I#N )R#M CRIMINA$ $IABI$I&'. +B, -.rt/e of the fact0 0tate1 .n the 1ec.0.on, 2el13 &hat the 1efen1ant acte1 4h.le .n a 1rea5 of h.0 act0, 4.th 4h.ch he .0 char6e1, 4ere not -ol/ntar, .n the 0en0e of enta.l.n6 cr.5.nal l.a7.l.t,.

DECISION

AVANCEA, C.J 3
p

Potenc.ano &aneo l.-e1 4.th h.0 4.fe .n h.0 parent80 ho/0e .n the 7arr.o of olore0, 5/n.c.pal.t, of #r5oc, $e,te. #n 9an/ar, 16, 193:, a f.e0ta 4a0 7e.n6 cele7rate1 .n the 0a.1 7arr.o an1 -.0.tor0 4ere enterta.ne1 .n the ho/0e. A5on6 the5 4ere )re1 &anner an1 $/.0 Mal.nao. Earl, that afternoon, Potenc.ano &aneo, 4ent to 0leep an1 4h.le 0leep.n6, he 0/11enl, 6ot /p, left the roo5 7olo .n han1 an1, /pon 5eet.n6 h.0 4.fe 4ho tr.e1 to 0top h.5, he 4o/n1e1 her .n the a71o5en. Potenc.ano &aneo attac;e1 )re1 &anner an1 $/.0 Mal.nao an1 tr.e1 to attac; h.0 father after 4h.ch he 4o/n1e1 h.50elf. Potenc.ano80 4.fe 4ho 4a0 then 0e-en 5onth0 pre6nant, 1.e1 f.-e 1a,0 later a0 a re0/lt of her 4o/n1, an1 al0o the f<t/0 4h.ch 4a0 a0ph,=.ate1 .n the 5other80 4o57. An .nfor5at.on for parr.c.1e 4a0 f.le1 a6a.n0t Potenc.ano &aneo, an1 /pon con-.ct.on he 4a0 0entence1 7, the tr.al co/rt to reclusion perpetua 4.th the acce00or, penalt.e0, to .n1e5n.f, the he.r0 of the 1ecea0e1 .n the 0/5 of P>?? an1 to pa, the co0t0. )ro5 th.0 0entence, the 1efen1ant appeale1.

It appear0 fro5 the e-.1ence that the 1a, 7efore the co55.00.on of the cr.5e the 1efen1ant ha1 a @/arrel o-er a 6la00 of At/7aA 4.th Enr.@/e Collante0 an1 "alent.n A7a1.lla, 4ho .n-.te1 h.5 to co5e 1o4n an1 f.6ht, an1 4hen he 4a0 a7o/t to 6o 1o4n, he 4a0 0toppe1 7, h.0 4.fe an1 h.0 5other. #n the 1a, of the co55.00.on of the cr.5e, .t 4a0 note1 that the 1efen1ant 4a0 0a1 an1 4ea;, an1 earl, .n the afternoon he ha1 a 0e-ere 0to5achache 4h.ch 5a1e .t nece00ar, for h.5 to 6o to 7e1. It 4a0 then 4hen he fell a0leep. &he 1efen1ant 0tate0 that 4hen he fell a0leep, he 1rea5e1 that Collante0 4a0 tr,.n6 to 0ta7 h.5 4.th a 7olo, 4h.le A7a1.lla hel1 h.0 feet, 7, rea0on of 4h.ch he 6ot /p! an1 a0 .t 0ee5e1 to h.5 that he h.0 ene5.e0 4ere .n-.t.n6 h.5 to co5e 1o4n, he ar5e1 h.50elf 4.th a 7olo an1 left the roo5. At the 1oor, he 5et h.0 4.fe 4ho 0ee5e1 to 0a, to h.5 that 0he 4a0 4o/n1e1. &hen he fanc.e1 0ee.n6 h.0 4.fe reall, 4o/n1e1 an1 .n 1e0perat.on 4o/n1e1 h.50elf. A0 h.0 ene5.e0 0ee5e1 to 5/lt.pl, aro/n1 h.5, he attac;e1 e-er,7o1, that ca5e h.0 4a,. &he e-.1ence 0ho40 that the 1efen1ant not onl, 1.1 not ha-e an, tro/7le 4.th h.0 4.fe, 7/t that he lo-e1 her 1earl,. Ne.ther 1.1 he ha-e an, 1.0p/te 4.th &anner an1 Mal.nao, or ha1 an, 5ot.-e for a00a/lt.n6 the5. #/r concl/0.on .0 that the 1efen1ant acte1 4h.le .n a 1rea5 an1 h.0 act0, 4.th 4h.ch he .0 char6e1, 4ere not -ol/ntar, .n the 0en0e of enta.l.n6 cr.5.nal l.a7.l.t,. In arr.-.n6 at th.0 concl/0.on, 4e are ta;.n6 .nto con0.1erat.on the fact that the apparent lac; of a 5ot.-e for co55.tt.n6 a cr.5.nal act 1oe0 not nece00ar.l, 5ean that there are none, 7/t that 0.5pl, the, are not ;no4n to /0, for 4e cannot pro7e .nto the 1epth0 of one80 con0c.ence 4here the, 5a, 7e fo/n1, h.11en a4a, an1 .nacce00.7le to o/r o70er-at.on. Be are al0o con0c.o/0 of the fact that an e=tre5e 5oral per-er0.on 5a, lea1 a 5an to co55.t a cr.5e 4.tho/t a real 5ot.-e 7/t C/0t for the 0a;e of co55.tt.n6 .t. B/t /n1er the 0pec.al c.rc/50tance0 of the ca0e, .n 4h.ch the -.ct.5 4a0 the 1efen1ant80 o4n 4.fe 4ho5 he 1earl, lo-e1, an1 ta;.n6 .nto con0.1erat.on the fact that the 1efen1ant tr.e1 to attac; al0o h.0 father, .n 4ho0e ho/0e an1 /n1er 4ho0e protect.on he l.-e1, 7e0.1e0 attac;.n6 &anner an1 Mal.nao, h.0 6/e0t0, 4ho5 he h.50elf .n-.te1 a0 5a, 7e .nferre1 fro5 the e-.1ence pre0ente1, 4e f.n1 not onl, a lac; of 5ot.-e0 for the 1efen1ant to -ol/ntar.l, co55.t the act0 co5pla.ne1 of, 7/t al0o 5ot.-e0 for not co55.tt.n6 0a.1 act0. octor (eraf.ca, an e=pert 4.tne00 .n th.0 ca0e, .0 al0o of the 0a5e op.n.on. &he 1octor 0tate1 that, con0.1er.n6 the c.rc/50tance0 of the ca0e, the 1efen1ant acte1 4h.le .n a 1rea5, /n1er the .nfl/ence of an hall/c.nat.on an1 not .n h.0 r.6ht 5.n1. Be ha-e th/0 far re6ar1e1 the ca0e /pon the 0/ppo0.t.on that the 4o/n1 of the 1ecea0e1 4a0 a 1.rect re0/lt of the 1efen1ant80 act perfor5e1 .n or1er to .nfl.ct .t. Ne-erthele00 4e 5a, 0a, f/rther that the e-.1ence 1oe0 not clearl, 0ho4 th.0 to ha-e 7een the ca0e, 7/t that .t 5a, ha-e 7een ca/0e1 acc.1entall,. No7o1, 0a4 ho4 the

4o/n1 4a0 .nfl.cte1. &he 1efen1ant 1.1 not te0t.f, that he 4o/n1e1 h.0 4.fe. 2e onl, 0ee5e1 to ha-e hear1 her 0a, that 0he 4a0 4o/n1e1. Bhat the e-.1ence 0ho40 .0 that the 1ecea0e1, 4ho 4a0 .n the 0ala, .ntercepte1 the 1efen1ant at the 1oor of the roo5 a0 he 4a0 co5.n6 o/t. &he 1efen1ant 1.1 not 1rea5 that he 4a0 a00a/lt.n6 h.0 4.fe 7/t that he 4a0 1efen1.n6 h.50elf fro5 h.0 ene5.e0. An1 0o, 7el.e-.n6 that h.0 4.fe 4a0 reall, 4o/n1e1, .n 1e0perat.on, he 0ta77e1 h.50elf. In -.e4 of all the0e con0.1erat.on0, an1 re-er0.n6 the C/165ent appeale1 fro5, the co/rt f.n10 that the 1efen1ant .0 not cr.5.nall, l.a7le for the offen0e 4.th 4h.ch he .0 char6e1, an1 .t .0 or1ere1 that he 7e conf.ne1 .n the Go-ern5ent .n0ane a0,l/5, 4hence he 0hall not 7e relea0e1 /nt.l the 1.rector thereof f.n10 that h.0 l.7ert, 4o/l1 no lon6er con0t.t/te a 5enace, 4.th co0t0 1e of.c.o. (o or1ere1. Street, Ostrand, Abad Santos an1 Butte, JJ., conc/r.