Ramp LOSA Reference 2 -- Error Codes

Instructions for Use: 1. The following categories provide a number for the Error Code column in the Ramp LOSA Observation Form. 2. Select a letter and number combination (e.g., E/A-1= General Safety Safety vests poorly used or missing) 3. More than 1 code per item is possible Definitions: Threat any condition that increases complexity of the operations and if not managed properly can decrease the safety margin. Error a mistake that is made when threats are mismanaged.

Table of Contents Category E/A General Safety............................................................................................................. 2 Category E/B Driving/Parking Errors..................................................................................................3 Category E/C Errors Usually Occurring During Pre-arrival and Arrival .............................................. 4 Category E/D Errors Usually Occurring During Download/Upload/Servicing .....................................5 Category E/F Errors Usually Occurring During Pushback/Departure ................................................. 8

Category E/A General Safety

1. Safety vests not used, improperly used, or in poor condition 2. Hearing protection not used, improperly used, or in poor condition 3. Face shield not used , improperly used, or in poor condition 4. Proper footwear not used, improperly used, or in poor condition 5. General aircraft safety (observe clearance zone, buffer zone, etc.) not observed 6. Portable GPU used improperly 7. Equipment and/or personnel in jet blast/engine ingestion area 8. Equipment not marshaled as required 9. Brakes not set on motorized equipment 10. Brakes not set on non-motorized equipment 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. Chocks improperly used on vehicles Chocks not available on required vehicles ULD doors/curtains/cargo netting not closed on bag and freight carts ULD doors/curtains/cargo netting not fastened during transport/loading Fluid spill on ramp FOD on ramp FOD on equipment Safety rails not properly deployed

Vehicle doors left open when unattended Push tug not properly repositioned to gate area Towbar improperly connected Fall protection not/improperly used Area beneath the loading bridge not clear Operator inattentive to equipment on the fuselage (e.g., probes, antennas, and masts) 25. Unsafe work methods 25.1 Incorrect lifting technique 25.2 Over stretching/twisting/bending 25.3 Not clear of pinch points 26. Personnel not in work area at scheduled time 27. Smoking observed in undesignated areas 28. Personal portable items used on ramp (e.g., cell phone, music players) 29. Personnel ride on equipment 30. Personnel walked/sat/stood/rested between connected carts/dollies, etc. 31. Personnel walked/sat/stood over towbar 32. Personnel walked/sat/stood on a moving conveyor belt, carousel, or container loader 33. Equipment not used as intended 34. Other general safety errors, specify: Enter Text Here

Category E/B Driving/Parking Errors

1. Inappropriate speed when driving 2. Traffic signs disobeyed 3. Deviation from marked road way 4. Driving in a prohibited area (e.g., marked prohibited, driving under wing, etc.) 5. Operating not as designed 6. Improper number of dollies, carts, or wagons under tow 7. Areas not checked before moving GSE 8. Operators safety devices not used (e.g., seatbelt) 9. Operators arms and legs outside the profile of the vehicle 10. Passenger(s) not in approved seats 11. Brake stop(s) not performed 12. Did not turn off vehicle ignition or place in neutral gear 13. GSE not parked in designated areas (other than jet blast/engine ingestion area) 14. Improperly connected or disconnected towed equipment 15. Other driving/parking errors, specify: Enter Text Here

Category E/C Errors Usually Occurring During Pre-arrival and Arrival

1. No pre-arrival briefing 2. FOD check inadequate or omitted 3. No/improper safety wands used on arrival 4. Improper marshaling of A/C 5. Wing-walker errors 5.1 Wing-walkers not used for A/C arrival 5.2 Wing-walkers not in position for A/C arrival 5.3 Inadequate number of wing-walkers for A/C arrival 5.4 Wing-walker did not maintain clear line of sight with marshaller 5.5 Wing-walkers were within engine hazard zones 5.6 Improper hand signals used by wing-walkers 6. A/C markers/cones improperly stored prior to arrival 7. A/C chocks improperly stored prior to arrival 8. A/C improperly chocked 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. Wing tip markers not placed Wing tip markers improperly placed Arrival walkaround inadequate or omitted Safe approach to A/C/engine procedures not followed Bridge warning device (e.g., beacon, bell) ignored Passenger loading bridge lights not utilized Auto leveling system not deployed Passenger doors not cleared prior to opening Passenger loading bridge improperly positioned to A/C door Non compliance with passenger loading bridge guide procedures on approach Passenger loading bridge access obstructed/restricted (e.g., trash, baggage, oxygen bottles on loading bridge) Weather canopy not lowered Passenger/crew stairs positioned improperly to A/C door Passenger/crew stairs stabilizers not deployed Passenger/crew stair access obstructed/restricted (e.g., trash, baggage, oxygen bottles on passenger stairs) GPU power head improperly supported Other errors during pre-arrival and arrival, specify: Enter Text Here

Category E/D Errors Usually Occurring During Download/Upload/Servicing

1. Brake stops not used when GSE approaching A/C 2. Brakes not set on baggage carts/dollies/transporters 3. Equipment (e.g., beltloaders, loading bridge) contacted A/C 4. Equipment not properly chocked 4.1 Motorized Equipment 4.1.1 Bag tug 4.1.2 Beltloader 4.1.3 Catering truck 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.1.6 4.1.7 4.1.8 4.1.9 4.1.10 4.1.11 4.1.12 4.1.13 4.1.14 4.1.15 4.1.16 4.1.17 4.1.18 4.1.19 4.1.20 4.1.21 Cleaning truck Container loader De-ice truck Electric (golf) cart Forklift Fuel truck Lavatory truck Lift trucks Mx vehicles Passenger loading bridge Pick up vehicles Pushback tractor Snow removal equipment Stairs truck Sweeper/vacuum Towbar less tractor (TBL) Van Water truck

4.1.22 Other, specify: Enter Text Here 4.2 Non-motorized ground equipment 4.2.1 Air conditioning cart 4.2.2 Airstart 4.2.3 Bag carts/dollies 4.2.4 4.2.5 4.2.6 4.2.7 4.2.8 4.2.9 4.2.10 4.2.11 4.2.12 4.2.13 Fuel cart Gate services cradle/basket Ground Power Unit (GPU) Lavatory cart Maintenance stands Mobile stairs Rolling bag rack Tail stand Towbar Unit load device (ULD)

4.2.13.1 Container 4.2.13.2 Pallet (bag, cargo strap) 4.2.13.3 Container sort platform 4.2.13.4 ULD transfer ball mats 4.2.14 Water cart 4.2.15 Others, specify: Enter Text Here 5. Cargo door/sills/locks check not performed 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Cargo interior damage/FOD inspection not performed Cargo safety netting not used Cargo safety netting improperly used Beltloader(s)/container loader(s) not placed/aligned with A/C properly Beltloader belt operated while personnel entering/exiting bin Beltloader improperly positioned (e.g., handrails out, up position) when approaching A/C 12. Beltloader conveyor height adjusted while moving 13. Beltloader conveyor height adjusted when opening/closing cargo door 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Beltloader parking brakes not set Beltloader safety rails not used Beltloader safety rails improperly used Container loader safety rail raised while opening/closing door Container loader improperly positioned Container loader stabilizers not deployed

20. Container loader safety rails (i.e., personnel fall protection) 20.1 Not used 20.2 Improperly used 20.3 Missing 21. Container loader guide rails (i.e., object fall protection or guidance) 21.1 Not used 21.2 Improperly used 21.3 Missing Container dollies improperly positioned Container dollies locks improperly configured Container/pallet contents not properly loaded or secured Used unclear, illegible, not concise load plan

22. 23. 24. 25.

26. Improper equipment (i.e. platform, tugs, etc.) used instead of a ladder 27. Improper equipment used for task 27.1 Motorized Equipment 27.1.1 Bag tug 27.1.2 Beltloader 27.1.3 Catering truck 27.1.4 27.1.5 27.1.6 27.1.7 Cleaning truck Container loader De-ice truck Electric (golf) cart

27.1.8 Forklift 27.1.9 Fuel truck 27.1.10 Lavatory truck 27.1.11 Lift trucks 27.1.12 Mx vehicles 27.1.13 Passenger loading bridge 27.1.14 Pick up vehicles 27.1.15 Pushback tractor 27.1.16 Snow removal equipment 27.1.17 Stairs truck 27.1.18 Sweeper/vacuum 27.1.19 Towbar less tractor (TBL) 27.1.20 Van 27.1.21 Water truck 27.2 27.1.22 Other, specify: Enter Text Here Non-motorized ground equipment 27.2.1 Air conditioning cart 27.2.2 Airstart 27.2.3 Bag carts/dollies 27.2.4 Fuel cart 27.2.5 Gate services cradle/basket 27.2.6 Ground Power Unit (GPU) 27.2.7 Lavatory cart 27.2.8 Maintenance stands 27.2.9 Mobile stairs 27.2.10 Rolling bag rack 27.2.11 Tail stand 27.2.12 Towbar 27.2.13 Unit load device (ULD) 27.2.13.1 Container 27.2.13.2 Pallet (bag, cargo strap) 27.2.13.3 Container sort platform 27.2.13.4 ULD transfer ball mats 27.2.14 Water cart 27.2.15 Others, specify: Enter Text Here 28. Improper use of deadman switch 29. Cargo door lock verification not conducted 30. Fueling truck/cart improperly bonded/grounded 31. Fuel truck does not has a clear exit route 32. Post-fueling walk-around not completed 33. Fueling safety zone requirements not followed (e.g., fueling connection, vents) 34. Purge of water hose not completed 35. Lavatory spill bucket not used 36. Other errors during download/upload/servicing, specify: Enter Text Here

Category E/F Errors Usually Occurring During Pushback/Departure

1. Pre-departure walkaround/FOD check inadequate or omitted 2. Walkaround of GSE not performed before driven away from A/C 3. GPU cord improperly disconnected 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. GPU cord improperly stowed Air conditioning hose improperly disconnected Air conditioning hose improperly stowed Loading bridge guide procedures not followed Operator did not receive clearance from ground personnel before moving a bridge A/C doors not closed before deactivating auto leveler and retracting loading bridge Passenger doors not inspected after closing Weather canopy not raised up Loading bridge not guided to stow box Hand rails not retracted (e.g., truck or mobile stairs) Stairs not at the lowest level Stair stabilizers not used Stairs stabilizers improperly used Rear step left down when removing from A/C Wing-walker errors 18.1 Wing-walkers not used for A/C departure

18.2 Wing-walkers not in position for A/C departure 18.3 Inadequate number of wing-walkers for A/C departure 18.4 Wing-walker did not maintain clear line of sight with marshaller/push back tug driver 18.5 Wing-walkers not clear of engine hazard zones 19. A/C pushback speed exceeded 20. A/C pushback nose angle exceeded 21. Sequence errors for connection/disconnection 21.1 A/C parking brake not confirmed set 21.2 Tug brake not confirmed set 21.3 By-pass pin 21.4 Gear pin 21.5 Scissors link 21.6 By-pass switch 21.7 Towbar 21.8 Pushback tractor 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Improper marshalling of A/C Headset not used Headset improperly used Safety wands not used on departure Safety wands improperly used on departure

27. Hand signals not used by wing-walkers 28. Hand signals improperly used by wing-walkers 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 37. Chocks not used properly Chocks not removed Chocks stowed improperly A/C markers/cones not removed A/C markers/cones stowed improperly Improper tug position during towbar disconnection Taxi area not cleared prior to final dispatch clearance Headset disconnected improperly Access panels not secured when finished Post-departure FOD check in adequate or omitted Other errors during pushback/departure, specify: Enter Text Here