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MENSURATION: CIRCLE

Important Formulae:
1. Circumference of a circle = 2 Π r.
2. Area of a circle = Π r²
3. Length of an arc of a sector of a circle with radius r and angle with degree
measure θ is
θ
× 2 Πr
360
4. Area of a sector of a circle with radius r and angle with degrees measure θ is 2
θ
× Πr²
360
5. Area of segment of a circle
= Area of the corresponding sector – Area of the corresponding triangle.

Sector

Segment

Arc

Example: The cost of fencing a circular field at the rate of Rs 24 per metre is Rs
5280. The field is to be ploughed at the rate of Rs 0.50 per m². Find the cost of
22
ploughing the field (Take π = )
7
TotalCost
Solution : Length of the fence (in metres) =
Rate
5280
= = 220 metres which is the circumference of the circle.
24
Now, Circumference= 2Πr
Or, 220 = 2Πr

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7
Or, 2 r = 220 × = 70
22
Or, r = 35

22
Hence Area = × 35 ²= 3850 m²
7
So, Cost of ploughing = 3850 × 0.50 = 1925 Rupees

Example: Find the area of the sector of a circle with radius 4 cm and of angle 30°.
Also, find the area of the corresponding major sector (Use π = 3.14).
θ
Solution: Area of the sector = × Πr²
360
30 22
= × × 16
360 7
= 4.19 cm²
Area of Major Sector = Area of Circle- Area of Minor Sector
= 50.2-4.19 =46.01 cm²
Example: Find the area of the segment AYB, if radius of the circle is 21 cm and H
AOB = 120°.
Solution:

Y
A
P

Area of the segment AYB


= Area of sector OAYB – Area of Δ OAB
120 22
Area of Sector = × × 21²= 462 cm²
360 7
The perpendicular on AB from O will be angular bisector of ∠ O
So, ∠ AOP = 60°
OP
In ∆AOP cos 60 =
21
1 OP
Or, =
2 21
Or, OP = 11.5

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BP
Now, tan 60 =
OP
2BP
Or, 3=
21
21 3
Or, BP =
2
1
So, Area of ∆AOP = 21 3 × 21 ÷ 4 (Area = × base × height )
2
= 190.95
So Area of the segment = 462-190.95 = 271.04 cm²

Areas of Combinations of Plane Figures


Example: Two circular flower beds have been shown on two sides of a square lawn
ABCD of side 56 m. If the centre of each circular flower bed is the point of
intersection O of the diagonals of the square lawn, find the sum of the areas of the
lawn and the flower beds.

Solution: As the angle of one sector is 90°, so two sectors will be having an area
equal to the semicircle. Rest of the area left in the lawn will be half the area of
square. Hence the required answer = Area of Semicircle + Half Area of Square

1 22
= ( × 28 2 × 28 2 + 56²)
2 7
Radius of circle will be half of diagonal which is 56 2

= 4032 m²

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Example: Find the area of the shaded region in where ABCD is a square of side 14
cm.

Solution: Area of Shaded Region = Area of Square- 4 × Area of Circle


Area of square ABCD
= 14 × 14 = 196 cm²
Diameter of each circle =14 ÷ 2 = 7 cm
So, Radius of each circle = 7/2 cm.
22 7 7
Area of 4 Circles = × × × 4 = 154 cm²
7 2 2
So, Area of Shaded region = 196-154 = 42 cm²

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