IESTP-"Vctor A. Belande"-Stgo.

Metalurgia IV

Chuco

Ingls Tcnico II ocente! Ing. "a#$n %utirre& Arteaga

. '(A T IS ST AI)*ESS STEE*+ Stainless Steel is a co##on na#e ,or #etal alIo-s that consist o, ./.01 or #ore Chro#iu# 2Cr3 and #ore than 0/1 Iron 24e3. Although it is called "stainless"5 a 6etter ter# ,or it is "highlsta in resistant". A so#e7hat dar8 #etal5 it loo8s 6right 6ecause it re,lects light.

'hat are the #ain 6ene,its o, stainless steel in 8itchen utensils+

It is one o, the #ost h-gienic sur,aces ,or the 9re9aration o, ,oods and :er- eas- to clean5 as its uni;ue sur,ace has no 9ores or crac8s to har6or dirt5 gri#e or 6acteria. lt is :er- attracti:e and re;uires #ini#al care5 since it 7on<t chi9 or easil- rust and it ta8es little seasoning. = It 7ill not a,,ect ,la:or5 as it does not react 7ith acidic ,oods during ,ood 9re9aration or coo8ing. = 'ith 9ro9er care5 it has a use,ulli,e e>9ectanc- o, o:er .// -ears5 and it is totall- rec-cla6le.

(o7 are stainless steels classi,ied+

The three #a?or classes o, stainless steel are! = Austenitic! Chrorniu#-nic8el-iron allo-s 7ith .@-A@1 chro#iu#5 @-AA1 nic8el 2)i35 and lo7 car6on content5 7ith non-#agnetic 9ro9erties 2i, annealed - 7or8ing it at Io7 te#9eratures5 then heated and cooled3. )ic8el increases corrosion resistance. (ardena6le 6- cold-7or8ing 27or8ed at lo7 te#9eratures3 as 7ell as te#9ering 2heated then cooled3. T-9e B/C 2SB/C//3 or ".DED" 2.D1 chro#iu# D1 nic8eI35 is the #ost co##onl- used grade or co#9osition. allo-s 7ith ./.0-.G1 chro#iu# and care,ulI- controlled car6on content5 hardena6le 6- ;uenching 2;uic8l- cooled in 7ater or oil3 and tern9ering 2heated then cooled3. It has #agnetic 9ro9erties. Co##onl- used in 8ni:es. Martensitic grades are strong and hard5 6ut are 6rittle and di,,icult to ,or# and 7eld. T-9e CA/ 2SCA///3 is a t-9ical e>a#9le.

= MartensiticF Chro#iu#-iron

= 4erritic! Chro#iu#-iron allo-s 7ith .G-AG1 chrorniu# and lo7 car6on content5 7ith #agnetic 9ro9erties. Coo8ing utensils #ade o, this t-9e contain the higher chro#iu# le:els. T-9e CB/ is the #ost co##onl- used ,erritic.
T7o additional classes 7orth #entioning include u9le> 27ith austenitic and ,erritic structures35 and Preci9itation (ardening stainless steel5 used in certain e>tre#e conditions.

(o7 are di,,erent classes o, stainless steels used+

The austenitic rnicrostructure is #ost co##onl- used ,or 8ni:es and coo8ing utensils. It is :ertough5 hardened through a 9rocess that consists o, heating5 cooling and heating. It resists scaling and retains strength at high te#9eratures. Both ,erritics and austenitics are used in 8itchen7are and household a99liances. Austenitics are 9re,erred in the ,ood industr- and 6e:erage e;ui9#ent due to the su9erior corrosion resistance and ease o, c.eaning. T-9e B/.5 ,or e>a#9le5 is an austenitic stainless steel5 7ith .G1 chro#iu#5 G1 nic8el5 and ./01 car6on5 and is 7idel- used ,or institutionaI ,ood 9re9aration utensils. Hou can easil- #a8e do 7ith the lesser ;ualit- coo87are ,or #ost o:en use. 4or sto:eto9 coo8ing5 ho7e:er5 don<t s8i#9 on ;ualit-F 6u- onl- the 6etter ones. Most #anu,acturers o, high ;ualit- coo87are use stainless steel si#ilar to the T-9e B/C grade5 7ith thic8 heat di,,using 6otto#s. Metals that 9ro:ide 6etter di,,usion o, heat5 such as co99er and alu#inu#5 are attached to the 6otto# ,or heat di,,usion5 to 9re:ent hot s9ots and une:en coo8ing.

21