Lauren Manor

WAGES PROJECT
STATS 2160
a study of men and womens wages in correlation with socioeconomic
factors such as marital status, age, education, and union membership

Lauren Manor

Project Summary

The following project focused on a large data set taken of men and
women. The data collected includes

Wages
Education
Marital status
Industry
Occupation
Race
And union membership status.

The following graphs and charts are a broad description of the

statistical correlation between these many factors. Specific questions
which were focused on are below.
(1) What is the average salary for all such individuals?
(2) What is the average difference in salary between union members and non-union members?
(3) Is there a difference in salary for those with above a high school level education (13 or more years)
than those with a high school education or below (12 or less years)?

(4) Is there a difference in salary between males and females?

Lauren Manor
Wage
$11,186.00
$13,312.00
$13,481.00
$14,476.00
$15,013.00
$15,160.00
$15,193.00
$19,981.00
$21,716.00
$23,027.00
$24,509.00
$25,670.00
$26,820.00
$28,168.00
$29,191.00
$29,809.00
$29,809.00
$30,006.00
$31,304.00
$31,799.00
$32,094.00
$32,235.00
$32,786.00
$33,351.00
$33,461.00
$35,185.00
$46,646.00
$46,646.00
$49,974.00
$50,171.00

BUS STAT2160
Industry Occupation
0
0
0
4
0
4
0
5
0
4
0
4
1
0
0
4
0
5
0
4
0
5
0
3
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
4
1
3
0
1
0
3
0
3
0
3
1
0
0
5
0
1
1
3
2
0
2
0
1
1
0
5

Ed
12
12
12
12
16
8
12
4
12
14
14
13
18
13
12
8
8
16
16
12
12
12
11
16
16
14
5
5
16
12

South
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0

Nonwh
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0

Hisp
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0

Fe
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0

Above, is the basic data used to create this project, its analysis, and calculations

Ex
0
9
7
3
21
45
15
54
11
34
15
8
33
17
9
29
29
27
26
25
14
38
37
4
7
12
44
44
26
39

Marr
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Age
18
27
25
21
43
59
33
64
29
54
35
27
57
36
27
43
43
49
48
43
32
56
54
26
29
32
55
55
48
57

Union
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1

Lauren Manor

BUS STAT2160

Mens Wages
$11,186.00
$13,481.00
$15,013.00
$19,981.00
$23,027.00
$26,820.00
$28,168.00
$29,191.00
$32,786.00
$33,461.00
$46,646.00
$46,646.00
$49,974.00
$50,171.00

1
2
3
4
5

Min
Q1
Med
Q3
Max

0
$11,186.00
$19,981.00
$28,679.50
$46,646.00
$50,171.00

Med = 28679.5

Q1 = 19981

Min = 11186
Q1 = 19981
Med = 28679.5
Q3 = 46646
Max = 50171

Mens Wages
Q3 = 46646
Max = 50171

Min = 11186

Min
Q1
Med
Q3
Max

$0.00$20,000.00
$40,000.00
$60,000.00
$80,000.00
$100,000.00
$120,000.00
$140,000.00
$160,000.00
$180,000.00

With the smallest wage being $11,186 and the highest wage being $50,171- Mens wages have an average
of $28,679.50. The Range of Mens Wages is $38,985, and 75% of men make more than $19,981 for their
wage.

Lauren Manor

BUS STAT2160

Womens Wages
$13,312.00
$14,476.00
$15,160.00
$15,193.00
$21,716.00
$24,509.00
$25,670.00
$29,809.00
$29,809.00
$30,006.00
$31,304.00
$31,799.00
$32,094.00
Min = 13312
$32,235.00
$33,351.00 0
$35,185.00

1
2
3
4
5

Min
Q1
Med
Q3
Max

0
$13,312.00
$18,454.50
$29,809.00
$31,946.50
$35,185.00

Min = 13312
Q1 = 18454.5
Med = 29809
Q3 = 31946.5
Max = 35185

Womens Wages
Med = 29809

Q1 = 18454.5

Q3 = 31946.5

Min
Max = 35185

Q1
Med
Q3
Max

$0

$20,000

$40,000

$60,000

$80,000

$100,000

$120,000

$140,000

Womens overall maximum earning potential did not match up to men, with the maximum top wage
being $35,185. Thats $14,986 lower than the maximum mens wage. However, their average wages
are generally higher than men. The average wage for women is $29,809, and the lowest earning
recorded was $13,312.

Lauren Manor
Married Wages
$13,312.00
$14,476.00
$15,013.00
$19,981.00
$23,027.00
$30,006.00
$31,304.00
$32,094.00
$32,235.00
$32,786.00
$33,351.00
$33,461.00
$35,185.00
$46,646.00
$46,646.00
$49,974.00
$50,171.00

BUS STAT2160

1
2
3
4
5

Min
Q1
Med
Q3
Max

$13,312.00
$21,504.00
$32,235.00
$40,915.50
$50,171.00

Min = 13312
Q1 = 21504
Med = 32235
Q3 = 40915.5
Max = 50171

Married Wages
Med = 32235
Q1 = 21504

Min = 13312

Q3 = 40915.5

Max = 50171

Min
Q1
Med
Q3
Max

$0

$20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000 $140,000 $160,000 $180,000

The data of married people suggests that the minimum wage earned is $13,312, and the maximum wage earned
is $50,171. interestingly enough, this is the combination of the lowest wage of women and the highest wage of
men. 56% of the people in the data are married. The average wage earned by a married person is $32,235. The
overall range of married wages is $35,859. 25% of the people in this category make more than $40,915.50

Lauren Manor

BUS STAT2160

Non Married Wages

$11,186.00
$13,481.00
$15,160.00
$15,193.00
$21,716.00
$24,509.00
$25,670.00
$26,820.00
$28,168.00
$29,191.00
$29,809.00
$29,809.00
$31,799.00

1
2
3
4
5

Min
Q1
Med
Q3
Max

0
11186
15176.5
25670
29500
31799

Min = 11186
Q1 = 15176.5
Med = 25670
Q3 = 29500
Max = 31799

The maximum earning potential of

non-married people is much lower
than those who are married. $18,372
to be exact. The maximum earing
potential of non married people totals
out to be $31,799, and the minimum
is $11,186. The overall range of wages
of non married people is $20,613.
75% of non married people have a
wage higher than $15,176.50

Non Married Wages

Q1 = 15176.5

Med = 25670

Q3 = 29500
Min

Min = 11186

Max = 31799

Q1
Med
Q3
Max

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

Female Wages
$13,312.00
$14,476.00
$15,160.00
$15,193.00
$21,716.00
$24,509.00
$25,670.00
$29,809.00
$29,809.00
$30,006.00
$31,304.00
$31,799.00
$32,094.00
$32,235.00
$33,351.00
$35,185.00

Male Wages
$11,186.00
$13,481.00
$15,013.00
$19,981.00
$23,027.00
$26,820.00
$28,168.00
$29,191.00
$32,786.00
$33,461.00
$46,646.00
$46,646.00
$49,974.00
$50,171.00

Female Wages
$40,000.00
$30,000.00
$20,000.00

Female Wages

$10,000.00
$0.00

Male Wages
$60,000.00
$40,000.00
Male Wages
$20,000.00
$0.00

(4) Is there a difference in salary between males and

females?

Female Wage Statistics

Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Sample Variance
Kurtosis
Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count

25976.75
1903.943341
29809
29809
7615.773364
58000003.93
-1.146899975
-0.684839439
21873
13312
35185
415628
16

Male Wage Statistics

Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Sample Variance
Kurtosis
Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count

30467.92857
3624.749925
28679.5
46646
13562.57233
183943368.2
-1.213225664
0.222618102
38985
11186
50171
426551
14

t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances

Variable 1
Variable 2
Mean
25976.75 30467.9286
Variance
58000003.93 183943368
Observations
16
14
Pooled Variance
116473708.8
Hypothesized Mean Difference
0
df
28
t Stat
-1.137129045
P(T<=t) one-tail
0.132561208
t Critical one-tail
1.701130934
P(T<=t) two-tail
0.265122416
t Critical two-tail
2.048407142

t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances

Variable 1
Variable 2
Mean
25976.75 30467.9286
Variance
58000003.93 183943368
Observations
16
14
Hypothesized Mean Difference
0
df
20
t Stat
-1.096917408
P(T<=t) one-tail
0.142854861
t Critical one-tail
1.724718243
P(T<=t) two-tail
0.285709723
t Critical two-tail
2.085963447

Although the average salary for

males is $4,491.21 more than
that of females, two-tailed
testing suggests that there is no
difference bewteen the salaries
of females and males.
The P-value of the two-tailed Ttest is .265122, which is more
than .05- concluding in no
difference bewtween the two
categories.

13+ YRS Edu Wages

$25,670.00
$28,168.00
$23,027.00
$24,509.00
$35,185.00
$15,013.00
$30,006.00
$31,304.00
$33,351.00
$33,461.00
$49,974.00
$26,820.00

12 or less yrs Edu Wages

$19,981.00
$46,646.00
$46,646.00
$15,160.00
$29,809.00
$29,809.00
$32,786.00
$11,186.00
$13,312.00
$13,481.00
$14,476.00
$15,193.00
$21,716.00
$29,191.00
$31,799.00
$32,094.00
$32,235.00
$50,171.00

(3) Is there a difference in salary for those with

above a high school level education (13 or more
years) than those with a high school education or
below (12 orless years)?

12 or less yrs Edu Wages

$60,000.00
$40,000.00
12 or less yrs Edu Wages
$20,000.00
$0.00

13+ Yrs Edu Wages

$60,000.00
$40,000.00
13+ YRS Edu Wages
$20,000.00
$0.00

The average 13+ edu yrs salary is $29,707.33, and the average salary for 12 or less
years of education is $26,982.83. That is a $2,724.50 difference bewteen the average
wages, however keep in mind that the sample sizes were different
Acccording to the two-tailed p-value, there is no difference in salary for above
highschool education or below, since the value is .5099, which is more than .05
(concluding in no difference
13+Edu Wages
Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Sample Variance
Kurtosis
Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count

29707.33333
2439.148406
29087
#N/A
8449.457931
71393339.33
2.757920298
0.884147445
34961
15013
49974
356488
12

t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances

comparing education
13+yrs edu
12 or less yrs edu
Mean
29707.33333
26982.83333
Variance
71393339.33
151358824.3
Observations
12
18
Pooled Variance
119943812.3
Hypothesized Mean Difference
0
df
28
t Stat
0.667519775
P(T<=t) one-tail
0.25495244
t Critical one-tail
1.701130934
P(T<=t) two-tail
0.509904879
t Critical two-tail
2.048407142

Wages >12 edu

Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Sample Variance
Kurtosis
Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count

26982.83
2899.797
29500
46646
12302.8
1.51E+08
-0.72822
0.484002
38985
11186
50171
485691
18

Non Union Wages

(2) What is the average difference in salary
between union members and nonunion members?

Union members have an average salary of $34,558.42,

while non union members have an average wage of
$26,098.69.

Union Wages

$11,186.00

$23,027.00
$25,670.00
$26,820.00
$32,786.00
$33,461.00
$49,974.00
$50,171.00

$13,312.00
$13,481.00
$14,476.00
$15,013.00
$15,160.00
$15,193.00
$19,981.00
$21,716.00
$24,509.00
$28,168.00
$29,191.00
$29,809.00
$29,809.00
$30,006.00
$31,304.00
$31,799.00
$32,094.00
$32,235.00
$33,351.00
$35,185.00
$46,646.00
$46,646.00

By subtracting the non-union member average salary from

the union member average salary, the average difference
in salaries is $8,456.73.

Non Union Wages

Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Sample Variance
Kurtosis
Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count

26098.69565
2118.148379
29191
29809
10158.28277
103190708.8
-0.44766015
0.293650976
35460
11186
46646
600270
23

t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances

Mean
Variance
Observations
Hypothesized Mean Difference
df
t Stat
P(T<=t) one-tail
t Critical one-tail
P(T<=t) two-tail
t Critical two-tail

Variable 1
34558.42857
126266561
7
0
9
1.782492837
0.054174397
1.833112933
0.108348793
2.262157163

Union Wages
Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Sample Variance
Kurtosis
Variable 2
Skewness
26098.69565 Range
103190708.8 Minimum
23 Maximum
Sum
Count

34558.42857
4247.126103
32786
#N/A
11236.83946
126266561
-1.202349003
0.783304271
27144
23027
50171
241909
7

(1) What is the average

salary for all such
individuals?
All Wages
Mean
Standard Error
Median
Mode
Standard Deviation
Sample Variance
Kurtosis
Skewness
Range
Minimum
Maximum
Sum
Count

28072.63
1980.326
29500
29809
10846.69
1.18E+08
-0.23715
0.404637
38985
11186
50171
842179
30

The average salary for all individuals is

$28,072.63 according to the Mean,
displayed above.

The salaries of individuals range from a

minimum of $11,186 to a maximum salary
of $50,171.
The most common salary is $29.809.

All Wages
$11,186.00
$13,312.00
$13,481.00
$14,476.00
$15,013.00
$15,160.00
$15,193.00
$19,981.00
$21,716.00
$23,027.00
$24,509.00
$25,670.00
$26,820.00
$28,168.00
$29,191.00
$29,809.00
$29,809.00
$30,006.00
$31,304.00
$31,799.00
$32,094.00
$32,235.00
$32,786.00
$33,351.00
$33,461.00
$35,185.00
$46,646.00
$46,646.00
$49,974.00
$50,171.00