Source: http://www.stabiligrid.biz/tools_weights_calculators_convertors.htm Although the math itself cannot be copyrighted, the unique formlas are.

If you elect to use and/or republish this Typical Construction Medium Specific Gravities and Densities Chart, or this Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Calculator, please include this copyright information (below) and cite its source (above).
2009 Copyright Eco-Terr Distributing, Incorporated ~ www.ecoterr.com All rights reserved. The graphical appearance, formatting and presentation of this spreadsheet convertor is the intellectual property of Eco-Terr Distributing, Incorporated. The reuse of, sharing of, or discussion of the unique mathematical formulations for individual private or business uses is allowed: only when proper citation of its source is included. The republication of, or sharing of, this intellectual property, without the express permissions of the Author and of Eco-Terr Distributing Inc., and without proper citation of its source, is expressly prohibited. Author: Mark A. Rector, 18 May 2009 ~ www.markrector.com. All rights reserved. All mediums and aggregates are local: Although various norming standards for mediums have been defined (ASTM, US DOT, DIN, ANSI, etc.), those norm/standards are only rough averages: they are specific definitions of terms used in contract specifications sheets, architectural or engineering detail sheets, geotechnical designs, and so forth. Real life stone, gravel and sand densities (weight / volume) vary widely: The local quarry or supplier which you elect to use should be able to provide the densities (tons / cubic yard) of their unique gravel, which they are quoting to you. The densities of local mediums (gravels, crushed stone, aggregates, sands, etc) will vary from one quarry to the next. The densities (pounds per square foot, or tons per cubic yard, sometimes called "pounds per foot" or "tons per cube") will also vary according to the season, the saturation levels (dampness) of the piles of medium when you purchase the mediums, the quality of the sieves used to sort the crusher runs, and so forth. Generic "Gravel" *
(generic "common gravel")

www.stabiligrid.com

Specific Gravity *

"pounds/foot"

"tons/yard"
(t. / yd )
3

"yards/ton"
(yd /t.)
3

(lb./ ft3)

Cubic Yards or Meters Tons Input either Yards3 or Meters3 Cubic Cubic Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 Output Below US tons Metric Tonnes 0 0 0 0

Tons Cubic Yards or Meters Input either US tons or MT US tons Output Below

Please note: That your gravel is NOT "common" - rather it is specific to your local supplier. Local gravels are all slightly different and unique to their source. Below: Loosely defined "gravel" is based upon median specific gravities of typical minerals found in the USA which makeup your local "typical gravel." Gravel, loose, dry Gravel, w/sand, natural Gravel, dry 1/4to2 inch Gravel, wet 1/4 to 2 inch 1.52 1.92 1.68 2.00 95 120 105 125 1.2825 1.6200 1.4175 1.6875 0.7797271 0.6172839 0.7054674 0.5925926

Metric Cubic Cubic Tonnes Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Typical Specific Gravities + Densities of common types of Local Mediums (granite, mica, limestone, etc.) in different forms and shapes ( solid, broken, compacted, wet, etc.)
Specific "pounds/foot" "tons/yard" Gravity * (lb. / ft) * (t. / yd) 1.96 122 1.647 3.01 188 2.538 3.15 94 1.269 2.16 135 1.8225 1.09 1.83 1.07 1.36 1.6 1.75 1.25 1.44 1.6 2 1.73 1.52 2.56 1.23 2.69 1.65 1.65 2.79 1.81 1.6 1.12 68 114 67 85 100 109 78 90 100 125 108 95 160 77 168 103 103 174 113 100 70 0.918 1.539 0.9045 1.1475 1.35 1.4715 1.053 1.215 1.35 1.6875 1.458 1.2825 2.16 1.0395 2.268 1.3905 1.3905 2.349 1.5255 1.35 0.945 "yards/ton" (yd / t.) 0.6071645 0.394011 0.7880221 0.5486968 1.0893246 0.6497726 1.1055832 0.8714597 0.7407407 0.6795789 0.9496676 0.8230453 0.7407407 0.5925926 0.6858711 0.7797271 0.462963 0.962001 0.4409171 0.7191658 0.7191658 0.4257131 0.6555228 0.7407407 1.0582011

Cubic Yards or Meters Tons Input either Yards3 or Meters3 Cubic Cubic Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tons Cubic Yards or Meters

Output Below US tons Metric Tonnes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Input either US tons or MT US tons

Output Below

Mineral Type (Material) * Basalt, broken Basalt, solid Cement, Portland Cement, mortar Below "clay" loosely defined ... Clay, dry excavated Clay, wet excavated Clay, dry lump Clay, fire Clay, wet lump Clay, compacted Below "earth" loosely defined ... Earth, loam, dry, excavated Earth, moist, excavated Earth, wet, excavated Earth, dense Earth, soft loose mud Earth, packed Feldspar, solid Feldspar, pulverized Granite, solid Granite, broken Granite, broken Gypsum, solid Gypsum, broken Gypsum, crushed Gypsum, pulverized

Metric Cubic Cubic Tonnes Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Below "Limestone" varies widely across regions: depending upon local geology. Calcium Carbonate (aka "Limestone" or CaCO3) in some areas is very soft and light, almost soapstone. In some areas limestone is heavier + harder than granite (i.e. Bedford, Indiana limestone). Caliche: In some areas a very immature form of Limestone deposits is called "Caliche." Densities: The below densities are based upon the average-median; or "a typical limestone which one might expect to find in many areas across the USA." Definition of "limestone": n. A colorless or white crystalline compound, CaCO3, occurring naturally as chalk, limestone, marble, Caliche, and other forms; "Limestone" is also used in a wide variety of manufactured products including commercial chalk, medicines, and dentifrices. Specific "pounds/foot" "tons/yard" Gravity * (lb. / ft) * (t. / yd) 2.61 163 2.2005 1.55 97 1.3095 1.39 87 1.1745 1.44 2.88 1.6 90 180 100 1.215 2.43 1.35 "yards/ton" (yd / t.) 0.4544422 0.7636502 0.8514261 0.8230453 0.4115226 0.7407407 Cubic Cubic Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 0 0 US tons Metric Tonnes 0 0 0 0 0 0 US tons Metric Cubic Cubic Tonnes Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mineral Type (Material) * solid Limestone, broken Limestone, pulverized

Limestone, Caliche (immature limestone) Mica, solid Mica, broken

Below: About Quartz, aka "Silica Dioxide" or SiO2... What is Silica? Silica is the second most common element in the earth, following only oxygen (Silica comprises roughly 35% of the entire earth's mass, by most scientific estimates). Quartz Physical Characteristics: A. Hardness - Common Quartz is also the fourth hardest natural mineral in the earth, in the following order: (1) Diamonds, (2) Sapphires, (3) Topaz, and (4) Common Quartz. B. Non-porosity - Due to its dense molecular structure, Quartz is the only common mineral which is completely impervious to the weathering of time, water, winter freeze/thaw cycles, and the forces of nature which decay other minerals. Why are Hardness and Non-porosity important? Because Quartz Sand is nonporous - and because it is an extremely adamant mineral - Quartz will not decay into dust or dissolve and wash away: as will all other typical minerals or sands. An Example: This is why the beaches of the world are almost uniquely Quartz sand: all the other types of sand have long ago decayed into microscopic particles (colloidals) and dissolved away. Specific "pounds/foot" "tons/yard" Gravity * (lb. / ft) * (t. / yd) Mineral Type (Material) * Quartz, solid 2.64 165 2.2275 Quartz, lump 1.55 97 1.3095 Quartz sand 1.2 75 1.0125 Rip-Rap (generic, non-specific) 1.6 100 1.35 Below "sand" loosely defined... Sand, wet 1.92 120 1.62 Sand, wet, packed 2.08 130 1.755 Sand, dry 1.6 100 1.35 Sand, loose 1.44 90 1.215 Sand, rammed 1.68 105 1.4175 Sand, water filled 1.92 120 1.62 Sand w/ Gravel, dry 1.73 108 1.458 Sand w/ Gravel, wet 2 125 1.6875 Sandstone, solid 2.32 145 1.9575 Sandstone, broken 1.51 94 1.269 Shale, solid 2.68 167 2.2545 Shale, broken 1.59 99 1.3365 Slate, solid 2.69 168 2.268 Slate, broken 1.67 104 1.404 Slate, pulverized 1.36 85 1.1475 "yards/ton" (yd / t.) 0.4489338 0.7636502 0.9876543 0.74074 0.617284 0.5698006 0.7407407 0.8230453 0.7054674 0.617284 0.6858711 0.5925926 0.5108557 0.7880221 0.4435573 0.748223 0.4409171 0.7122507 0.8714597 Cubic Cubic Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 US tons Metric Tonnes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 US tons Metric Cubic Cubic Tonnes Yards Meters 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2009 Copyright Eco-Terr Distributing, Incorporated ~ www.ecoterr.com All rights reserved. The graphical appearance, formatting and presentation of this spreadsheet convertor is the intellectual property of Eco-Terr Distributing, Incorporated. The reuse of, sharing of, or discussion of the unique mathematical formulations for individual private or business uses is allowed: only when proper citation of its source is included. The republication of, or sharing of, this intellectual property, without the express permissions of the Author and of Eco-Terr Distributing Inc., and without proper citation of its source, is expressly prohibited. Author: Mark A. Rector, 18 May 2009 ~ www.markrector.com. All rights reserved.

Typical Weights of various typical minerals found in the USA: *

QuickJump to Clay | Earth | Granite | Limestone | Quartz | Sand | Shale | Slate | TOP of Page

Mineral Type (Material) * Basalt, broken Basalt, solid Cement, Portland Cement, mortar Below "clay" loosely defined ... Clay, dry excavated Clay, wet excavated Clay, dry lump Clay, fire Clay, wet lump Clay, compacted Below "earth" loosely defined ... Earth, loam, dry, excavated Earth, moist, excavated Earth, wet, excavated Earth, dense Earth, soft loose mud Earth, packed Feldspar, solid Feldspar, pulverized Granite, solid Granite, broken Gypsum, solid Gypsum, broken Gypsum, crushed Gypsum, pulverized

Specific Gravity * 1.96 3.01 3.15 2.16

"pounds/foot" 3 (lb./ ft ) * 122 188 94 135

"tons/yard"
(t. / yd3)

"yards/ton"
(yd3 /t.)

1.6470 2.5380 1.2690 1.8225

0.6071645 0.3940110 0.7880221 0.5486968

1.09 1.83 1.07 1.36 1.60 1.75

68 114 67 85 100 109

0.9180 1.5390 0.9045 1.1475 1.3500 1.4715

1.0893246 0.6497726 1.1055832 0.8714597 0.7407407 0.6795789

1.25 1.44 1.60 2.00 1.73 1.52 2.56 1.23 2.69 1.65 2.79 1.81 1.60 1.12

78 90 100 125 108 95 160 77 168 103 174 113 100 70

1.0530 1.2150 1.3500 1.6875 1.4580 1.2825 2.1600 1.0395 2.2680 1.3905 2.3490 1.5255 1.3500 0.9450

0.9496676 0.8230453 0.7407407 0.5925926 0.6858711 0.7797271 0.4629630 0.9620010 0.4409171 0.7191658 0.4257131 0.6555228 0.7407407 1.0582011

Below "Limestone" varies widely across regions, depending upon local geology. Calcium Carbonate (aka "Limestone" or CaCO3) in some areas is very soft and light, almost soapstone. In some areas limestone is heavier + harder than granite (i.e. Bedford, Indiana limestone). In some areas a very immature form of Limestone deposits is called "Caliche." The below densities are based upon the average-median; or "a typical limestone which one might expect to find in many areas across the USA." Definition of "limestone": n. A colorless orwhite crystalline compound, CaCO3, occurring naturally as

chalk , limestone, marble , Caliche, and other forms; "Limestone" is also used in a wide variety of manufactured products including commercial chalk, medicines, and dentifrices. Limestone, Limestone, Limestone,

solid

2.61 1.55 1.39 1.44 2.88 1.60 2.64 1.55 1.20

163 97 87 90 180 100 165 97 75

2.2005 1.3095 1.1745 1.2150 2.4300 1.3500 2.2275 1.3095 1.0125

0.4544422 0.7636502 0.8514261 0.8230453 0.4115226 0.7407407 0.4489338 0.7636502 0.9876543

broken pulverized limestone)

*Caliche (immature

Mica, solid Mica, broken Quartz, solid Quartz, lump Quartzsand

Above: About Quartz, aka "Silica Dioxide" or SiO2... Silica is the second most common element in the earth, following only oxygen (Silica comprises roughly 35% of the entire earth's mass, by most scientific estimates). Common Quartz is also the fourth hardest natural mineral in the earth, following only: Diamonds, Sapphires and Topaz. Because Quartz Sand is nonporous - and because it is an extremely adamant mineral - Quartz will not decay into dust or dissolve and wash away: as will all other typical minerals or sands. This is why the beaches of the world are almost uniquely Quartz sand: all the other types of sand have long ago decayed into microscopic particles (colloidals) and dissolved away. Rip-Rap (generic, non-specific) Below "sand" loosely defined... Sand, wet Sand, wet, packed Sand, dry Sand, loose Sand, rammed Sand, water filled Sand w/ Gravel, dry Sand w/ Gravel, wet Sandstone, solid Sandstone, broken 1.92 2.08 1.60 1.44 1.68 1.92 1.73 2.00 2.32 1.51 120 130 100 90 105 120 108 125 145 94 1.6200 1.7550 1.3500 1.2150 1.4175 1.6200 1.4580 1.6875 1.9575 1.2690 0.6172840 0.5698006 0.7407407 0.8230453 0.7054674 0.6172840 0.6858711 0.5925926 0.5108557 0.7880221 1.60 100 1.3500 0.7407407

Shale, solid Shale, broken Slate, solid Slate, broken Slate, pulverized

2.68 1.59 2.69 1.67 1.36

167 99 168 104 85

2.2545 1.3365 2.2680 1.4040 1.1475

0.4435573 0.7482230 0.4409171 0.7122507 0.8714597

QuickJump to Clay | Earth | Granite | Limestone | Quartz | Sand |

Shale | Slate | TOP of Page

* Authority cited for typical mineral weights: Reade at www.reade.com/ParticleBriefings/specgra2.html

<<See also the Eco-Terr converters and calculators tools in the left column Determine how many Cubic Yards your job requires, based upon dimensions: (feet wide) x (feet long) x (inches deep) = cubic yards required Convert Lengths and Distances to and from metric, British units {feet, yards, miles, etc.}, scientific units, archaic units (roods, Rods, etc). astronomical units of measure, and so forth. Convert Areas to and from metric, British units {acres, townships, square miles, square feet, etc.}, scientific units, archaic units, international units, and so forth. Convert Masses or Weights to and from metric units, British units {acres, townships, square miles, square feet, etc.}, scientific or nuclear-subatomic weights, archaic units, international units, and so forth.