Intro The Israel Space Agency

The Israel Space Agency's goals include advancing infrastructural research at academic and research institutions; supporting the development of innovative and unique space technologies by Israel Aerospace Industries; cultivating a new generation of space scientists through space education and community projects; and encouraging the expansion and growth of Israel's space industry. ISA works in partnership with diverse space related industries, including among others, the Experiment and Integration Center, ground monitoring and control stations and remote satellites receiving stations. The development of small and lightweight payload and satellites enables vast usage for scientific exploration and space research contributes to ISA and Israel international prestige, respect and space power. ISA activities emphasize the importance of scientific research and development and support projects with substantial economic potential. The Agencys goals include the development of new innovative and unique space technologies, to produce and manufacture new lines of products; to create and establish a new generations of scientists in the field of space science and exploration, and support and encourage expansion and growth of related space industries. ISA's guiding principle is that civilian space activity contributes to Israel's economy, to the country's global status, and to the well-being of its citizens via agricultural and communication applications, the monitoring of environmental pollution, and research. Space research and exploration also inspire and motivate the younger generation to engage in scientific pursuits. Due to a major budget increase that the Ministry of Science and Technology received in 2012 for space research, the ISA has begun to advance a national space program aimed at

enhancing Israel's comparative advantage and placing it among the world's top five countries in the field of space research and exploration.

Amos (satellite)

Amos is a series of Israeli communications satellites. All Amos satellites are operated by Spacecom and are developed by its partner, Israel Aerospace Industries (except Amos 5 which is developed by JSC/Reshetnev).

Intelsat 24 (Amos-1)

Intelsat 24, previously Amos-1, is a commercial communication satellite which is operated by Intelsat. It was previously operated by Spacecomas Amos-1, and formed part of
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the AMOS series of satellites. It was the first Israeli communications satellite, and was initially positioned at 4 West longitude in geostationary orbit. It has since been moved to 47.3 degrees East. Its development was based on experience from Ofeq reconnaissance satellites in association with DASA and Alcatel Espace. It was launched at May 16, 1996 from Kourou in French Guiana, aboard an Ariane 4 rocket flying in the 44L configuration. It was used for home TV services (DTH/DBS by "Yes" company in Israel and by HBO and others in Europe). Spacecom succeeded quickly to fill all transmission abilities of Amos-1 and accumulated additional requests. Therefore Spacecom decided to build AMOS 2, which replaced AMOS-1 on orbit at 4 degrees West. AMOS-1 carries nine Ku band transponders. Weighing 970 kg at launch, Amos-1 incorporated a 400 Newton liquid apogee motor and fourteen reaction control thrusters, each delivering ten Newtons of thrust for raising the satellite's orbit from geostationary transfer orbit to its final geostationary orbit as well as for its attitude control. It carried 450 kg of propellant (monomethyl hydrazine and MON-3). Amos-1 measures 11.5 m in length in its final in-orbit configuration. It is 3-axis body stabilised using Sun and Earth sensors, momentum and reaction wheels. Its solar array generates 1380 W power, backed up by 24 Ah Ni-Cd batteries. After its launch, it was raised to its final geostationary orbit by firing the apogee boost motor in phases. After it reached the geostationary orbit, its antennae and solar panels were deployed and the satellite was placed in its allocated slot at 4 West longitude. Amos 1 and Amos 2 were placed near each other to enablesatellite users to aim once and reach either satellite from the same antenna. In 2009, Amos-1 was sold to Intelsat, and became Intelsat 24. Intelsat moved it over the Middle East, put it into an inclined orbit to conserve fuel, and rented its capacity to Tachyon Networks for US military communications. Amos-2

AMOS-2 is an Israeli commercial communication satellite, part of the AMOS series of satellites. The satellite was positioned at 4 W longitude in the geo-stationary orbit. it was launched at December 27, 2003 from Baikonur, Kazakhstan and it serves clients in three service regions: Middle East (including Israel), Europe and eastern coast of USA. Transmission and communication services given by this satellite include: direct distribution of TV and radio translations, TV and radio translations to communication centers, distribution of internet services, data transmissions to communication networks. AMOS-2 carries 28 Ku-band transponders; 22 active with six as backups. With a mass of 1370 kg at launch, AMOS-2 incorporated a 400 newton Liquid Apogee Boost Motor (ABM) and fourteen 10 newton Reaction Control Thrusters for raising the satellite's orbit from Geostationary Transfer orbit to its final geostationary orbit as well as for its attitude control. It carried 450 kg of propellant (monomethyl hydrazine and MON-3). AMOS-2 measures 11.5 m in length in its final in-orbit configuration. It is 3-axis body stabilised using Sun and Earth sensors, momentum and reaction wheels. Its solar array generates 1700W power, backed up by 24 Ah Ni-Cd batteries. After its launch into Geo-synchronous transfer orbit by Soyuz, AMOS-2 was taken to its final geo-stationary orbit by firing the apogee boost motor in phases. After it reached the geo-stationary orbit, its antenna and solar Panels were deployed and the satellite was finally placed in its allocated slot of 4 W longitude. Amos 2 and Amos 3 are placed in proximity to create common location, which enables to satellite users to increase user abilities without additional antennas.