CORPORACION PARQUE TECNOLOGICO DE ORIENTE UNIVERSIDAD DE ORIENTE ASOCIACIN COOPERATIVA ADIESTRAMIENTO Y CAPACITACION SUCRENSE

DIPLOMADO EN INGLES COMO IDIOMA EXTRANJERO

FINAL PROYECT: ORAL PRESENTATION

BY: CANDURNJENIREE GARCIA ANTONIO

TOPIC: TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT, EDUCATION AND SOCIETY

CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION 2. TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT a. The 3 Rs b. Recycling with Technology c. Top 10 Emerging Environmental Technologies 3. TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON EDUCATION a. Educating Educators about Technology b. Technological tools in Education c. A professionals Opinion 4. TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON SOCIETY 5. A PEEK TO THE FUTURE a. b. c. d. e. Babies by Design Printed Organs U-Learning Citycar and En-V Others i. Grow your house ii. Virtual 3D Shopping iii. Hatsune Miku iv. Solar Impulse v. Magnetic Buses vi. Nuclear Fusion

6. CONCLUSION 7. SOURCES

INTRODUCTION The word "technology" is a broad term and does not simply refer to hightech inventions or computerization, which is actually the misconception. Technology comprises the crafting of materials and transforming them into implements that allow man to control or manipulate natural resources in order to meet his needs; for this reason we can say that it has existed among human beings since the Stone Age. Fire, axes and spears are basic examples on how the cavemen used to possessed technology for both, protection and hunting. Technological advancement started to show as mens living condition got better and other needs, besides food, clothing and shelter, were satisfied. These advancements define the differences between eras, beginning with the Stone Age, followed by the Bronze Age and getting to the Iron Age; however, many people have been saying that the era we are living now, will be known in mans history as the Computer Age. There are currently many technologies that can amaze us, and due to its importance, this research is about finding out the true technological impact on the environment, educational system and society in general, but also it will allow us to peek just a little and see what the future technologies have prepare for us.

TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT

Technology has been used to speed up production and manufacture of goods, to provide better transport, to improve communication and even to create weapons. Technological advancements have turned trade and commerce into a faster and globalized activity, however, as trade and commerce grew, the more heightened the impact of technology on natural environment, making air, land and water reach certain degrees of pollution, degradation and contamination. For many years now, human kind have waken a true interest on taking care of our planet and have brought to life terms like environmental technology (Envirotech), green technology (Greentech) and clean technology (Cleantch), all of them, equivalent to environmental science, green chemistry and environmental monitoring, modeling and conserving the natural environment and its resources, in order curb the negative impacts of human involvement. Present day, taking care of our planet is something we can all do, some people have manage to get solar panels on their roofs, getting independence from regular energy, saving money and reducing carbon footprint*; other people simply enjoy the benefits that technology have brought through recycling.

The 3 Rs

There are three key factors when thinking about how to recycle called The 3 Rs:

*The average American household generates 7.4 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) per year
through electrical use

Reduce, consists in reducing the amount of waste we create by choosing what rubbish we throw away at home, school or work. Reuse, it is all about thinking different purposes for the many items we can find around before we throw them away. Recycle, thanks to technology this factor has become the most important in conserving natural resources. In order to recycle different materials like paper, plastic and aluminium, different processes were created.

Recycling with Technology Glass Recycling Process

The consumer throws glass into a recycle bin.

Glass is taken from the bin and taken to a glass treatment plant.

The glass is sorted by color and washed to remove any impurities.

The glass is then crushed and melted, then molded into new products such as bottles and jars. Or it may be used for alternative purposes such as brick manufacture or decorative uses.

The glass is then sent back to the shops ready to be used again.

Glass does not degrade through the recycling process, so it can be recycled again and again.

Aluminium Recycling Process

The consumer throws aluminium cans and foil into a recycle bin.

The aluminium is then collected and taken to a treatment plant.

In the treatment plant the aluminium is sorted and cleaned ready for reprocessing.

It then goes through a re-melt process and turns into molten aluminium, this removes the coatings and inks that may be present on the aluminium.

The aluminium is then made into large blocks called ingots. Each ingot contains about 1.6 million drinks cans.

The ingots are sent to mills where they are rolled out, this gives the aluminium greater flexibility and strength.

This is then made into aluminium products such as cans, chocolate wrapping and ready meal packaging.

In as little as 6 weeks, the recycled aluminium products are then sent back to the shops ready to be used again.

Paper Recycling Process

Paper is taken from the bin and deposited in a large recycling container along with paper from other recycling bins.

The paper is taken to a recycling plant where it is separated into types and grades.

The separated paper is then washed with soapy water to remove inks, plastic film, staples and glue. The paper is put into a large holder where it is mixed with water to create slurry.

By adding different materials to the slurry, different paper products can be created, such as cardboard, newsprints or office paper.

The slurry is spread using large rollers into large thin sheets.

The paper is left to dry, and then it is rolled up ready to be cut and sent back to the shops.

Top 10 Emerging Environmental Technologies

1. Thermo-depolymerization Process in which a ton of carbon-based waste from turkeys, can by adding sufficient heat and pressure, be turned into 600 pounds of oil. 2. Desalination The salt and minerals are removed out of seawater in order to provide potable water where supplies are limited, but it is expensive and uses a lot of energy. 3. Fuel Cell

Hydrogen fuel cell makes water by combining hydrogen and oxygen. In the process, they generate electricity. The problem with fuel cells is obtaining the hydrogen. 4. Solar cells and thermal The sun's energy, which hits Earth in the form of photons, can be converted into electricity or heat. Solar collectors come in many different forms and are already used successfully by energy companies and individual homeowners. 5. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion The biggest solar collector on Earth is our ocean mass. OTEC technologies convert the thermal energy contained in the oceans and turn it into electricity. The difference between surface and bottom temperatures can operate turbines that can drive generators. 6. Harness Waves and Tides The oceans waves contain an abundance of energy that could be directed to turbines, which can then turn this mechanical power into electrical. The obstacle to using this energy source has been the difficulty in harnessing it, but the trick is to be able to store the energy when enough mechanical power is generated. 7. Plant Your Roof Roof gardens help absorb heat, reduce the carbon dioxide impact by taking up CO2 and giving off oxygen, absorb storm water, and reduce summer air conditioning usage. 8. Let Plants and Microbes Clean Up After Us Bioremediation uses microbes and plants to clean up contamination. Examples include the cleanup of nitrates in contaminated water with the help of microbes, and using plants to uptake arsenic from contaminated soil in a process known as phytoremediation. 9. Bury The Bad Stuff Inject Carbon dioxide into the ground before it reaches the atmosphere. After the CO2 is separated from other emission gases, it can be buried in abandoned oil wells, saline reservoirs, and rocks, but scientists are not sure whether the gas will stay underground and what the long-term effects are. 10. Make Paper Obsolete Electronic paper is a flexible display that looks very much like real paper but can be reused over and over. The display contains many tiny microcapsules that has white and black particles and are associated with either a positive or negative charge. Depending on which charge is applied; the black or white particles surface displaying different patterns.

TECHNOLOGICAL IMPACT ON EDUCATION It is no secret that computers present information in an interactive way; using audio-visual effects can awake interest in students and improve their attendance, attentiveness and concentration. We could say that technology has made students life easier, not only because they can use software to make presentations and projects (leading to better retention of the information), but also, because it is easier, less bulkier and lighter to carry a PDA, iPad or eBook than books, besides, computers enable better and more robust storage of information, while the internet provides data to the user by just using the search engines. According to Carolyn April, director of industry Analysis, CompTIA, Technologys impact in schools has been significant, advancing how students learn, how teachers teach and how efficiently and effectively educational services can be delivered, in fact, many educational institutes offer online courses, even if students and teachers are geographically far from each other, as an example we have Open English, the most popular online English course here in Venezuela. The introduction of technology in the educational field has made the progress of learning and knowledge sharing, a more interactive and pleasuring experience, perhaps, the greatest impact of technology on education is the change in perspective, the paradigm shift in thinking from local to global can be attributed to this. Therefore, technology and education have an impact on each other; Education boosts use of technology and technology aids education. Educating Educators about Technology There are a couple of things that every teacher should know, first, teachers need to be trained in order to have good understanding of technology and feel more comfortable using it, and second, teachers training must be focus on both, the technology knowledge and skills, and the relationship between technology, pedagogy and content.

TEACHERS TRAINING

Learn the tools

Apply them on teching

Every year hundreds of teachers gather in Atlantic City, New Jersey to attend lectures and learn about many advances in education, specifically the technology field. For more information, visit the New Jersey Education Organization site http://www.njea.org/

Technological tools in Education Shortly after the internet explosion of the 1990s, technology was immediately integrated into the classrooms.Many efforts have been established to help educators realize the benefits of technology and ways of implementing them in the classroom.Many different kinds of technology can be used to support and enhance learning.Many students are growing up in a digital age where they have constant exposure to a variety of media that is impacting on the way they interact and use information. Some examples of technologies used in the education system are:

Audio:The radio has been around for a long time and has been used in educational classrooms. Recent technologies have allowed classroom teachers to stream audio over the internet. There are also webcasts and podcasts available over the internet for students and teachers to download.

Video:Videos may allow teachers to reach students who are visual learners and tend to learn best by seeing the material rather than hearing or reading about it. Teachers can access video clips through the internet. Websites like YouTube and applications like Skype or Webcams are used by many teachers to interact with quest speakers and other experts.

Computers, Laptops and Tablets:Having a computer or laptop in the classroom allows students and teachers access to websites and other programs, for example, Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, PDF files and images.

Blogging: Blogs allow students and teachers to post their thoughts, ideas, and comments on a website. Blogging allows students and instructors to share their thoughts and comments on the thoughts of others which could create an interactive learning environment.

Mobile Devices:Mobile devices, for example, Smartphones operate similar to personal computers.

Learning Management Systems: Learning management systems, for example, BlackBoard, livemocha or Moodle, are internet based applications that institutions used to reach their students. It allows educators to create and deliver course material using the internet. Educators can post announcements, grade assignments, check on course activity, and participate in class discussions. Students can submit their work, read and respond to discussion questions, and take quizzes.

A professionals Opinion To complete the study of the impact of Technology on Education, it has been developed an interview that shows the point a view of Teacher Saida Narvaez, Coordinator of Fyrlois Institute, Monagas, Venezuela; with 15 years of experience and on charge of one of the most popular English institutes in Monagas. Interview questions: As a Teacher, how important do you think implementing Technology is for classes? What kind of technology does your institution uses and how have they helped? Is there any case where technology has become more that just a tool? Do you have any recommendations for Teachers or Students about the use of technology in class? To access to the full content of the interview, visit the next online link:

Technological impact on Society

When we speak of the impact of technology on society, we always talk about the positive effects of technology and about how technology has made life easy. We talk about the Internet as an information resource and a communication platform and conveniently ignore the fact that an overexposure to it leads to Internet addiction. We often discuss how technology has made life easy but easily forget that it has made us overly dependent on it. Have you thought of the impact of technology from this point of view? I am sure, most of you haven't. Let us look at this aspect of technology here. Think of the days when there were no computers and no modern means of transport. Human life was highly restricted due to the unavailability of technological applications. Daily life involved a lot of physical activity. Life of the common man was not as luxurious as that of modern times, but he was more active. Exercise was integrated into routine physical activities. It was contrary to the sedentary lifestyle of today, which leaves no time for exercise and fills days with inactivity and laze. Today we don't want to, and thanks to technology, don't even need to, walk, move around or exert physically to get things done. We have the world is at our fingertips. We think of technology as a boon to society and it's not completely a boon. The Internet has bred many unethical practices like hacking, spamming and phishing. Internet crime is on the rise. The Internet, being an open platform lacks regulation. There is no regulation on the content displayed on websites. Internet gambling has become an addiction for many. Overexposure to the Internet has taken its toll. In this virtual world, you can be who you are not. You can be virtually living even after you die. Isn't this weird? Children are spending all their time playing online and less or almost no time playing on the ground. Youngsters are spending most of their time social networking, missing on the joys of real social life. Think of the days when there were no online messengers, no emails and no cell phones. Indeed cellular technology made it possible for us to communicate over wireless media. Web communication facilities have worked wonders in speeding long-distance communication. On the other hand, they have deprived mankind of the warmth of personal contact. Emails replaced handwritten letters and communication lost its personal touch. With the means of communication so easily accessible, that magic in waiting to reach someone and the excitement that followed have vanished. Moreover, we have become excessively dependent on technology. Is so much of dependency good? Is it right to rely on machines to such an extent? Is it right to depend on computers rather than relying on human intellect? Computer technology and robotics are trying to substitute for human intellect.

With the fast advancing technology, we have started harnessing artificial intelligence in many fields. Where is the digital divide going to take us? How is our 'tomorrow' going to be? 'Machines replacing human beings' does not portray a rosy picture, does it? It can lead to serious issues like unemployment and crime. An excessive use of machines in every field can result in an underutilization of human brains. Over time, we may even lose our intellectual abilities. You know of the declining mathematical abilities in children due to use of calculators since school, don't you? The impact of technology on society is deep. It is both positive and negative. Technology has largely influenced every aspect of living. It has made life easy, but so easy that it may lose its charm one day. One can cherish an accomplishment only if it comes after effort. But everything has become so easily available due to technology that it has lost its value. There is a certain kind of enjoyment in achieving things after striving for them. But with everything a few clicks away, there is no striving, there's only striking. With the developments in technology, we may be able to enjoy all the pricey luxuries in life but at the cost of losing its priceless joys. The implementation of technology influences the values of a society by changing expectations and realities. The implementation of technology is also influenced by values. There are (at least) three major, interrelated values that inform, and are informed by, technological innovations:

Mechanistic world view: Viewing the universe as a collection of parts, (like a machine), that can be individually analyzed and understood. This is a form of reductionism that is rare nowadays. However, the "neo-mechanistic world view" holds that nothing in the universe cannot be understood by the human intellect. Also, while all things are greater than the sum of their parts (e.g., even if we consider nothing more than the information involved in their combination), in principle, even this excess must eventually be understood

by human intelligence. That is, no divine orbital principle or essence is involved.

Efficiency: A value, originally applied only to machines, but now applied to all aspects of society, so that each element is expected to attain a higher and higher percentage of its maximal possible performance, output, or ability.

Social progress: The belief that there is such a thing as social progress, and that, in the main, it is beneficent. Before the Industrial Revolution, and the subsequent explosion of technology, almost all societies believed in a cyclical theory of social movement and, indeed, of all history and the universe. This was, obviously, based on the cyclicity of the seasons, and an agricultural economy's and society's strong ties to that cyclicity. Since much of the world is closer to their agricultural roots, they are still much more amenable to cyclicity than progress in history.

IEEE Technology and Society Magazine covers the impact of technology (as embodied by the fields of interest in IEEE) on society.

Three kinds of ethics for three kinds of engineering.

The phenomenon of the engineering enterprise stands within a web of contextual relationships, and the elements of (1) the engineer, (2) engineering and (3) the engineered stand out as fundamental to the engineering enterprise. Each element is contextual in the sense of being integrated into a more or less coherent realm of discourse consisting of thoughts, actions, words, things, roles and goals. That realm of discourse indicates the contexts that condition and are conditioned by the engineering enterprise. Corresponding to each of the three elements of the engineering enterprise is an appropriate and distinct type of ethics. (1) Virtue ethics is appropriate to the engineer who engineers the engineered. It asks how the engineer can be good in a moral sense. (2) Conceptual ethics is appropriate to engineering, which aims at the production of the engineered and requires the engagement of engineers. It asks how engineers can do good engineering. (3) Material ethics is appropriate to the engineered, which follows from the engineering process via the efforts of the engineer. It asks how engineering can make products that contribute to the common good in a convivial society. Being, doing and making are all bound up in the statement The engineer engineers the engineered. We cannot separate the engineer, engineering and the engineered, either from each other or from the contexts in which they are embedded, but we can distinguish them, and with each we can associate a different kind of ethics.

A peek to the future Because of our human curiosity, we have always wondered what the future is going to be like; and to demonstrate the impact that the technology is going to have in our future, we have created this section just to peek a little and get to see some of the wonders that will exist in a hundred years from now, based on real studies that are taking place now. Babies by Design From the moment that a couple knows they will be parents, they start to wonder how is the baby going to be, will it be healthy? Whom will it look like? But today there is a technique that will allow us to design as we want our children to be, and is called babies by design. In L.A. City, California, there are experts working in this field in order to design babies based on the knowledge of the human genome or human genetics. According to the features that the baby has, we can choose the ones we want, meaning, we will be able to select the characteristics of our babies from their genetic design. To accomplish this, the couple must first submit to an in vitro fertilization, to get many eggs from the mother, with this and father's sperm, is possible to obtain multiple embryos, each with a unique genetic definition, and this collection shows which genes are present and from there, parents can select. Currently experts can ensure both the gender of the baby and health, however, there are many existing genetic data and almost all of them are still unknown, so they cannot guarantee the color of eyes, hair, hair texture, height or weight yet, but with a little time they will. There is a big difference between a medical goal and an esthetic goal, for example, is not the same wish for a child to have blue eyes, than prevent serious diseases, so another equally important Research is carried out in Argentina, where professionals study and practice the PGD (pre-implantation genetic diagnosis) which is a technique used in couples with risks of having babies with genetic or chromosomal anomalies and women with fertility problems or advanced age. A 100 years from now it is estimated to be able to control nearly all genetic data, design our babies and prevent serious diseases from the embryo. Printed Organs Tissue engineering has taken a big step in North Carolina through the study and development of organs printing, which consists merely in the regeneration of diseased or damaged organs using technology and stem cells of the patient.

The first step is to obtain the raw material that in this case is the stem cells, after that they get multiplied in the laboratory and used as ink in the printing machine that works with a 3D modifier to shape the organ that is to be printed in a mold. Significantly, the main advantage of using stem cells as starting material is that it avoids organs rejection. Organs such as ears are simple to print, while a finger with mobility requires several stages, first of all, it prints the bone, then the cartilage and finally the muscle. Skin and tracheas have currently already exceeded the experimental stage. The machine gets to print 4 different types of organs: the planes as skin, tubular as vessels, hollow non-tubular as the bladder or the stomach, and solids such as liver, kidney and heart, this last ones are made in layers due to their complexity and then cooked in a kind of oven to mature, after a week it would be ready to be implanted, however, solid organs are still experimental. Within 100 years is expected to end the shortage of organs for transfusion and prolong the average of human life. U-Learning As our society has evolved, has also changed each the elements that conform it, however, there is one that in the years to come is going to change dramatically for the better, that element is education. Currently, as far as education has come to technological change is the creation and development of the term E-Learning, which means fully virtualized education through the new electronic channels, in this way, many people has been able to study remotely, learn and even acquire degrees, but a new term is coming to light and absorbs the E-Learning. In Seoul, South Korea (the number one country in terms of Education), an organization called KERIS, developed a set of learning activities supported by the technology and it has been called U-Learning, this promotes the interconnection of all technological devices inside and outside the classroom, creating a continuous learning process. To test this technique, KERIS, created a special group call Uclass, where teaching and learning processes are fully computerized. All students present a magnetic IDcard in the system indicating their attendance, which lesson will get to see and how the progress has been, while the teacher from a command center, interacts and monitors student activities. At the end of class, students will record in the Tablet PC the level of knowledge acquired and so the teacher will know if the students understood the material or if it is going to be necessary to reinforce the lesson the next class.

For many centuries, the teaching methods did not change, but that is changing in an era in which we have realized the importance of investing in the education of young people, and it is expected that in the near future, the children can not only learn science with a virtual Albert Einstein, but also able to choose the method for them to learn a lesson. CityCar and En-V In all futuristic science fiction movies we have seen that man's dream to have flying vehicles is more than obvious, so it is very exciting to think what the real future holds for cars and public transportation. The first clue to discover it is in Boston, where is developed the first Citycar, the purpose is in the future to become a semi public transportation vehicle. The Citycar will be rented in one of the many charging stations that are expected to be located in the cities, and the citizens will travel to the nearest charging station to their final destination and continue their way. These wonderful vehicles are electric and lightweight, with an electric engine on its wheels, which can rotate 360 degrees so that it is not necessary to go back, just turn on the same axis. The vehicle folds perpendicularly, the door opens like an oyster and the passenger can be downloaded directly on the sidewalk what is much safer, also runs 100km/h on a single charge and looks very elegant. The second clue leads to Detroit, global automobile Capital and General Motors place to perform a project called En-V, a vehicle capable of detecting obstacles. In the top has 2 antennas that work as GPS functions and communication with other vehicles of this style, in addition has ultrasonic sensor and optical detection, which generally means it is designed to stop automatically to avoid accidents. This vehicle has a steering wheel called HMI (Human Machine Interface) and is currently working to make it optional, meaning it will not be necessary to operate the vehicle but to tell the coordinates of the place we want to take our kids for example, and this will be able to take them without any problems or supervision. With these two proposals, it is easy for us to want to be in the future already and enjoy these machines, but meanwhile, we can just wait for the engineers and technicians to perfect these vehicles that represent in some way the future of our society.

Others Name of the project: Grow your House Arquitechture This project born in New York aims to cultivate cities with homes made mostly from living material, such as elms and oaks. The architects plan is that each house will have a hole in the roof that collects water to use in the kitchen and taking bath, this will be derived to sanitary services and this will finally be derived to the roots of the home to serve as fertilizer. Advantages: Desadvantages: Save on water Take from 5 to 10 years to cultivate a house. It brings oxygen to the environment Exponentially reduces waste dumped into the The logs and base of the trees require environment by constructing houses or large leaves to protect them from excessive sunlight. buildings. Name of the project: Virtual 3D Shopping Life Style In the city of Chicago, a group of engineers have gathered their forces to push through a project that will allow users to attend realistic 3D virtual stores where they can roam the halls with the keyboard, lift the product to read its contents, interact with other and finally buy, obtaining the same freedom they would have if they really were there. But that's not the only purpose of this 3D trip; computers will study the behavior, reaction and preferences of the consumer. This will be used as a technique in the market, so factories will have a fast and effective method to know which of their products are more popular. Advantages: Desadvantages: Faster Reduces the human interaction Eliminates the space needed to store the Increases human dependency on products while buying machines Useful for ill people Can be applied to supermarkets, drugstores, electric stores and many more. Name of the project: Hatsune Miku Vocaloid Entertainment Many people have heard of the Anime Festival held in the city of Singapore in 2009, where a holographic version of a 16-year old girl, with aquamarine long hair, made her first international concert. The name Hatsune Miku, means first sound of the future, developed by CRYPTON Future Media, is one of the most famous Japanese virtual idol. Using a band with real musicians, a program by machine voice and songs written by the users, this virtual girl has become popular and does not require special glasses to enjoy the show, although currently only sings in Japanese, it is planned to make her sing in English soon and other languages in the future. Advantages: Desadvantages: Dynamic new way to enjoy concerts Real artists could be replaced Allows to the current artists to represent themselves in holographic versions.

Name of the project: Solar Impulse Transportation In Switzerland it is been developed the world's first solar airplane, its 4 engines feed on 12,000 photovoltaic cells that store solar energy in high-performance batteries. In July 2011 it made a flight of over 26 hours straight thanks to the sun. For the future is expected to build more with technical improvements and a larger cabin for the pilot. Advantages: Desadvantages: Ecological energy for airways It will take several years to replace the fossil fuel. Name of the project: Magnetic Buses Transportation In Korea is been developed a prototype of diesel buses operated by electric engines that are loaded via magnetic strips located on the earth, so with the issuers on the floor and the receivers on the bus, it absorbs energy even when it is not in contact with the source, meaning constant wireless recharging. Advantages: Desadvantages: Able to charge while driving Still unknown Silent and sustainable Constant recharge

Name of the project: Nuclear Fusion Energy Experts believe that in 100 years the most used energy will be solar, no wonder that in the United Kingdom there is an investigation into the denominated "mother of all energies", the Nuclear Fusion. Using a reactor created in 29 years, it has managed to recreate solar energy in a laboratory without using radioactive material. Currently this requires more energy than it produces, but in 50 years these reactors are expected to generate clean, safe and potentially unlimited energy. Advantages: Desadvantages: With only a little of this energy will be enough Still unknown for transport, heating, industrial needs and food for 30 years.