ueparLmenL of Mechanlcal and ueslgn Lnglneerlng

M1I1 1hermof|u|d Mechan|cs 1

Semester 2 Lxam



2 hours



Instruct|ons: Answer four quesLlons
Add|t|ona| Informat|on: 1hls ls an open book exam
rov|ded: 1hermodynamlc And 1ransporL roperLles of llulds by 8ogers and
Mayhew
Ca|cu|ators: Caslo lx 83 Serles or Caslo lx 83 Serles
Lxam|ners: ! v losLer




Lxterna| Lxam|ner: Lur lng ur 8osslLza SeLchl






age 2 of 4
M1l1 1hermofluld Mechanlcs 1
Academlc year 2010-2011


Question 1:
A rigid insulated container is divided into two by a thin partition. One part, of volume
0.5 m
3
contains carbon dioxide (CO
2
) at 100 kPa, 100
0
C and the other part, of
volume 0.3 m
3
, contains methane (CH
4
) at 200 kPa, 0
0
C. The partition is removed
and the gases mix.
Calculate:
i) the mass of each gas
ii) the final temperature resulting after the gases mix
iii) the final pressure

For the gases:
Molecular masses CO
2
= 44 kg/kmol CH
4
= 16 kg/kmol
Specific heats c
v
CO
2
= 0.88 kJ/kgK, CH
4
= 2.28 kJ/kgK


Question 2:



A channel is closed by a rectangular gate as shown in figure Q2. The gate is hinged
at the top, is 6 m high and 4 m wide. It has seawater to the left to a depth of 8 m
above the baseline and on the right hand side has freshwater to a depth of 10 m
above the bottom of the channel. Calculate the net force F required on the bottom of
the gate to keep the gate closed.
Take the density of seawater as 1024 kg/m
3
and that of freshwater as 1000 kg/m
3
fresh water
sea water
10 m
8 m
6 m
gate
hinge
F
Figure Q2


age 3 of 4
M1l1 1hermofluld Mechanlcs 1
Academlc year 2010-2011



Question 3:
Superheated steam flowing at the rate of 50 kg/s, at a pressure of 20 bars and a
temperature of 400
0
C enters an adiabatic turbine with a velocity of 20 m/s. It leaves
the turbine at a pressure of 0.05 bar, a dryness fraction of 0.9 and a velocity of 40
m/s.
Calculate:
i) The power output from the turbine
ii) The area of the outlet passage from the turbine.


Question 4:
A cylinder, closed by a piston, contains air at a pressure of 100 kPa and 300 K at
bottom dead centre. The swept volume is 1 litre (1000 cm
3
) and the compression
ratio is 20:1. It undergoes the following reversible processes:
12 : adiabatic compression from bottom dead centre to top dead centre:
23: Constant volume heating process until the temperature is 1500 K
Sketch the processes on a p-V diagram and calculate:
i) The mass of air in the cylinder
ii) The temperature at the end of process 12
iii) The pressure at the end of process 23
iv) The heat and work transfers in each process (if any).










age 4 of 4
M1l1 1hermofluld Mechanlcs 1
Academlc year 2010-2011



Question 5:
Water of density 1000 kg/m
3
flows around a vertical right angle bend in a 500 mm
diameter pipe as shown in figure Q 5. The pressure at entry (1) is 200 kPa gauge
and the entry velocity is 10 m/s
Assuming the flow to be frictionless, calculate the magnitude and direction of the
force exerted on the pipe bend by the water.



Question 6:
Gas at a pressure of 400 kPa and a temperature of 1000 K is expanded reversibly in
a horizontal adiabatic nozzle until the pressure is 100 kPa. The inlet velocity is 25
m/s and the mass flow rate is 40 kg/s.

Calculate:
(i) the exit temperature,
(ii) the exit velocity,
(iii) diameter of the circular exit duct
For the gas use:
p
kJ J
c 1.15 1.33 and R 287
kg K kgK
= = =

1
2
2m
Figure Q5